Pronunciation
Pronunciation
Pronunciation
Outline of Webinar
Important
Definitions (base
for learning)
Cueing Systems
Language
Development
Phonics
Syntax
Differences in
Languages
Classroom
Activities
Classroom
Resources
Questions
Important Definitions
O Phonetics: Study of speech sounds
O Phonics: The sounds of letters
O Phonemes: Smallest units of spoken language (knight has
O
O
O
O
O
Cueing Systems
Graphophonic
Phonics
Phonemic
Awareness
Letters
Sounds
Spelling
Syntactic
Semantic
Pragmatic
Vocabulary
Grammar
Tenses
Comprehension
Making sense of
texts
Purpose for
reading
Description
Level 1: Starting
Level 2: Emerging
Opitz & Guccione (2009). Comprehension and English Language Learners: 25 Oral Reading Strategies that Cross
Proficiency Levels.
Classroom Scenarios
Challenge
O How can I provide Instruction
Solution
O Modify the test, create group
we learn
language
we learn
through
language
we learn
about
language
Phonics
International Phonetic
Alphabet (IPA)
http://web.uvic.ca/ling/resources/ipa/charts/IPAlab/IPAlab.htm
Vowels
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
AEIOU
Short Vowel: (a in cat, e in bed)
Long Vowel: usually two vowels together (nail, soap, toy)
Vowel Digraph: when 2 vowels represent a single sound
(meat)
Diphthong: when 2 vowels represent a glide from one
sound to another
R-Controlled Vowel: r influences pronunciation of the vowel
(start, cure)
Consonant: non vowel letters (b, c, d, f, g, h, j, k, etc.)
Phonograms: one syllable words and syllables in longer
words that can be divided into two parts:
O Onset: consonant that precedes a vowel
O Rimes: vowel and any consonant sounds that follow
Book
Vanilla
They
Dish
Zero
Genre
Good
Unvoiced
Please
Five
Thirty
Ten
Sir
She
King
English/Spanish
English is a left-footed language.
Spanish is a right-footed language.
English
Spanish
David
David
Joseph
Jos
Rachel
Raquel
Ecuador
Ecuador
Uruguay
Uruguay
Panama
Panam
Menu
Men
Phonics Examples
Phonics:
Connecting
sounds to letters
(i.e. letter-sound
correspondences
Digraphs: 2+
letters that make
one sound
Consonant
Blend/Cluster: 2+
letters that make
more than one
sound
Dipthongs: 2+
letters that make
more than one
sound
Examples: oi, oy
CONTEXT COUNTS!!!
Syntax
O The structural system of language or grammar.
O Compound words
O Capitalization
O Punctuation
O Simple, Compound and Complex Sentences
O Combining Sentences
*Number of
Languages
*Perce
nt
Example Languages
SOV
565
41.0
SVO
488
35.4
VSO
95
6.9
VOS
25
1.8
Kiribati, Wari
OVS
11
.8
Tiriuo, Urarina
OSV
.3
No dominant
order
189
13.7
English is Confusing
O Pronounce Ghoti
O Its pronounced Fish.
O Gh sounds like f as in the word rough.
O O sounds like i as in women.
O Ti sounds like sh as in explanation.
Differences in Languages
Problematic Sounds (English/Spanish)
Y&J
Opposite
P&B
P is aspirated
B is not
aspirated
There is no th
sound in
Spanish
V&B
V vibrates
B explodes
Emphasis
O Ecstasy is a very dangerous drug.
homework.
O I didnt say he stole the money.
Application in the
Classroom
REMEMBER:
experiences.
O It is most effective to use a variety of
strategies, like predicting, context clues and
phonics clues.
Syntax
Phonics
Instruction
Assessment:
Reading &
Miscue Analysis
Student
Investigators
Paired &
Parallel
Reading
Reading Bow/Bow
No? Why?
Ending
consonants
Consonant
Digraphs (sh, th,
ch, wh, ph)
Long vowels
Consonant
blends (bl, gr, st,
etc.)
Medial
consonants
(middle of word)
Short vowels
Irregular patterns
like r controlled
vowels (ir, er, ur,
or)
Making
words
Signs, labels,
calendars,
poems,
games
Student
writing
Phonics
anchor
charts
Phonics
books or
journals
Shared and
partner
reading
Predictable stories
Read-Alouds
Shared and Partner Reading
Guided Reading
Rhymes and Word Play
Student writing
Environmental Print (signs, labels,
charts, names, games, calendar time)
O Journals, Books, Poems
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
Literacy and
Thematic
Centers
Word Walls
Spelling and
Word Games
Making
Words
Cloze
Activities
Music, Art,
Technology
Common
Prefixes &
Suffixes
Root
Words
Basic Sight
Words
Running Records
O Running Records:
O 1. Choose a text for student to read (that they
O
O
O
Skips a word
Incorrect word
Correct word
SC
Self Correction
native language.
2. Write a lot of words on the board that sound similar
but with different sounds (e.g. yellow, jello).
3. Break students up into two groups, in a line and give
each group a fly swatter.
4. Read a sentence using a word on the board.
5. One student from each group races to the board and
tries to hit the correct one.
6. Keep score.
Plot
Conflict
Characters
Beers (2003)
Setting
Most
Important
Word in the
Selection is
________
Theme
A
B
C
A
B
C
A
B
C
A
B
C
A
B
C
Word Scrolls
What it is:
What it isnt:
Examples:
Practice:
Beers (2003)
O
O
http://eslamplified.blogspot.com/2013/03/amplifyinganchor-charts-for-ells.html
Phonics Journals:
http://www.reading.org/General/AboutIRA/PositionStat
ements/PhonicsPosition.aspx
Shared/Partner Reading:
http://www.readwritethink.org/professionaldevelopment/strategy-guides/shared-readingopportunities-direct-30823.html
Cloze Activities:
http://bogglesworldesl.com/cloze_activities.htm
Word Walls:
http://www.readingrockets.org/strategies/word_walls
ml
http://writing.colostate.edu/guides/teaching/esl
/pronunciation.cfm
http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=ell
https://web.utk.edu/~wiley/SETESOL2007_CK_
Specific_American_English_Pronunciation_Chall
enges_for_ELLs.pdf
http://www.cal.org/caelanetwork/resources/pro
nunciation.html
References
Beers, K. (2003). When Kids Cant Read What Teachers Can Do. Portsmouth, NH:
Heinemann.
O Freeman, D. & Freeman, Y. (2004). Essential Linguistics: What You Need to Know to
Teach Reading, ESL, Spelling, Phonics and Grammar. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann.
O Guccione, L. Comprehension and English Language Learners: 25 Oral Reading
Strategies that Cross Proficiency Levels. Retrieved from
http://www.colorincolorado.org/article/50910/
O Halliday, M.A.K. & Hasan, R. (1985). Language, Context, and Test: Aspects of
language in a social-semiotic perspective. Geelong, Victoria: Deakin University Press.
O Kress, J. (1993). The ESL Teachers Book of Lists. New York.
O Razfar, A. & Rumenapp, J. (2014). Applying Linguistics in the Classroom: A
Sociocultural Approach. New York: Routledge.
O Tompkins, G. (2014). Literacy for the 21st Century: A Balanced Approach (6th ed.).
Boston: Pearson.
Websites:
O http://www.elearnenglishlanguage.com/blog/learnenglish/pronunciation/consonants-voiced-unvoiced/
O http://www.readingrockets.org/article/english-language-learners-and-five-essentialcomponents-reading-instruction
O