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PLC L G× ?: H Têt TH NG Trang 1 / 178

Hướng dẫn những điều cơ bản về PLC

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172 views178 pages

PLC L G× ?: H Têt TH NG Trang 1 / 178

Hướng dẫn những điều cơ bản về PLC

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Tiến Bộ Bùi
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PLC01-1

PLC l g ?
A. Mc ch yu cu
Nm c cc nh ngha v PLC v h thng iu khin.
Phn bit c mt s loi PLC v cc thit b lp trnh, cc thit b trong h
thng iu khin
Bit c kh nng lm vic ca PLC, u im khi s dng PLC
B. Chun bi:
Mt s loi PLC hin c - OMRON, PLC, SIEMENS, DELTA, ABB.
Modul o to PLC ti thiu, Hoc modul y .
Cc m hnh nu c. Cc thit b ca h iu khin.
Tht b lp trnh cho PLC, Cp ghp ni, b lp trnh cm tay.
My tnh v phn mm lp trnh.
C. L thuyt:
Cc b iu khin chng trnh ho.
Trong qu trnh sn xut th hiu qu ca sn xut l cha kho ca thnh cng. Hiu
qu ca qu trnh sn xut th hin cc yu t rt rng nh:
Tc sn xut ra mt sn phm ca thit b v dy chuyn phi nhanh
Gi nhn cng v vt liu lm ra phi h
Cht lng sn phm phi cao v t ph phm.
Thi gian cht ca my mc l ti thiu.
Cc b iu khin chng trnh ho PLC p ng c hu ht cc yu cu trn v nh
l yu t chnh trong vic nng cao hn na hiu qu ca sn xut. Trc y vic t
ng ho ch c p dng trong cc sn xut hng lot nng sut cao. Ngy nay cn
thit phi t ng ho c trong sn xut cc loi hng ho khc nhau nhm nng cao
nng xut v gim vn u t cho thit bv x nghip.
Cc h thng sn xut linh hot ngy nay p ng c cc yu cu ny. H thng bao
gm cc thit b nh cc my iu khin s CNC, Robot cng nghip, dy chuyn t
ng. Bn c th tm thy rt nhiu cc ng dng ca b iu khin lp trnh PLC trong
cc h thng t ng .
Qu trnh pht trin TH:
Trc khi c cc b iu khin chng trnh ho, trong sn xut W s dng nhiu phn
t iu khin nh cc trc Cam, cc b khng ch hnh trng, Khi sut hin Rele in
t th panel iu kkhin bng Rele W tr thnh ch o trong iu khin. Khi Transitor
ra i n c p dng ngay nh ni m rele in t khng p ng c nhng yu
cu iu khin cao.
Ngy nay lnh vc iu khin c m rng n c qu trnh sn xut phc tp, n cc
h iu khin tng th, h iu khin kim tra tp trung ho.
H iu khin Logic thng thng khng th p ng c cc yu cu pht trin. Cc
b iu khin chng trnh ho PLC v my tnh W tr nn cn thit.
H Tt Thng

Trang 1 / 178

I. Cc nh ngha v PLC:
1. PLC l ch vit tt ca ch ting Anh Programmable Logic Controller ngha l
b iu khin Logic Lp trnh c.
2. PLC l thit b iu khin C cu trc my tnh bao gm b s l trung tm CPU,
B nh ROM, B nh RAM, dng nh chng trnh ng dng, v cc cng
Vo/ Ra - INPUT/ OUTPUT

Hnh 1-1: Cu trc PLC


3. V tr ca PLC trong h thng Iu khin:
H iu khin truyn thng:

Hnh 1-2. H iu khin truyn thng gm cc khi:


+ Khi u vo:

Gm cc nt iu khin

Cc cng tc

Cc cng tc hnh trnh t ti my

Cc cm bin o lng t ti dy chuyn sn xut.

Trang 2 / 178

H Tt Thng

+ Khi iu khin gm cc phn t:

Cc loa Re le

Cc b m thi gian

Cc b m

Cc b so snh

Cc bn mch in t

+ Khi u ra gm:

Cc loi ng c

Cc loi van

Cc thit b gia nhit

Cc thit b ch th

H iu khin dng PLC

Hnh 1-3: H iu khin dng PLC


- Khi u vo tng t h iu khin truyn thng
- Khi u ra tng t h iu khin truyn thng.
- Khi iu khin c thay bng thit b iu khin PLC km theo l mt chng
trnh ng dng, c lp trnh di dng gin thang nh hnh v.
II. Kh nng ca PLC:
1. iu khin Logic:

Chc nng iu khin re le

Thi gian, m

Thay cho cc Panel Iu khin v cc mch in

iu khin T ng, bn t ng , bng tay cc my v cc qu trnh.

H Tt Thng

Trang 3 / 178

2. iu khin lin tc:

Thc hin cc php ton s hc v logic

iu khin lin tc nhit p sut lu lng

iu khin PID, FUZY.

iu khin ng c chp hnh, ng c bc

iu khin bin tn

Khi u vo thm cc khu cm bin Tng t ( Analog); Chit p,.vv..

Khi u ra c thm cc thit b tng t nh bin tn, ng c SERVO,


ng c bc

Khi iu khin thm cc khu bin i A/D, D/A


3. iu khin tng th:

iu hnh qu trnh v Bo ng

Ghp ni my tnh.

Ghp ni mng t ng ho

iu khin tng th qu trnh - Ngha l iu khin mt qu trnh trong mi


lin h vi cc qu trnh khc.

Tn hiu vo v ra cn c thm thng tin.


III. Cc u im khi s dng PLC:
- Thi gian lp t cng trnh ngn hn .
- D thay i m khng gy tn tht
- C th tnh chnh xc c gi thnh
- Cn t thi gian hun luyn
- D thay i thit k nh phn mm
- ng dng iu khin trong phm vi rng
- D bo tr bo hnh nh:

Kh nng tn hiu ho.

Kh nng lu gi mW li.

Kh nng truyn thng.


- tin cy cao
- Chun ho c thit b
- Thch ng trong mi trng khc nghit: Nhit , m, in p dao ng
IV Gii thiu mt s loi PLC v modul dy PLC:
1. Mt s loi PLC ca SIEMENS:

Trang 4 / 178

H Tt Thng

H Tt Thng

Trang 5 / 178

Hnh 1-7 Ghp ni PLC vi m un m rng

Hnh 1-8: Ghp ni mng PLC


2. Mt s loi PLC CPM1 ca OMRON: CPM1A - 20CDR

Trang 6 / 178

H Tt Thng

H Tt Thng

Trang 7 / 178

Modul ti thiu dng o to PLC

V. Mt s thit b u vo s dng trong th nghim:


1. Mt s loi cm bin quang u ra ghp Transitor NPN.

Trang 8 / 178

H Tt Thng

2. Cm bin n gn:

3. Cm bin n gn kiu in dung:

H Tt Thng

Trang 9 / 178

S ghp ni thit b c - Load vi cm bin:

4. Cng tc t:
Cu to nguyn l bao gm ng thu tinh trong cha kh tr v mt tip im thng h,
Khi c nam chm N-S n gn t trng ca nam chm s ht v lm kn tip im.

E. Thc hnh:
1. Pht biu cc nh ngha v PLC, so snh cu trc ca PLC vi cu trc ca
my tnh PC im ging v khc nhau
2. So snh s khc nhau gia h iu khin truyn thng v h iu khin s
dng PLC.
3. Phn tch u im ca h thng iu khin s dng PLC
4. Phn bit cc loa PLC, V cc thit b km theo.
5. Gii thiu v phn bit cc thit b u vo, u ra ca h thng iu khin
s dng PLC.
6. Nu mt s ng dng ca h iu khin dng PLC m bn W bit.
7. S ni cm bin c u ra ghp Transitor NPN hoc PNP vi cc thit b
c, chiu dng in chy qua transitor ?.

Trang 10 / 178

H Tt Thng

PLC01-2.

Ghp ni vo ra PLC.
A. Mc ch yu cu
Nm c cc vn chnh cn bit khi s dng PLC
Nm c cu trc c im u vo u ra ca PLC.
Lp t PLC v ghp ni PLC vi cc thit b ca h thng iu khin.
Th nghim a tn hiu vo PLC.
B. Chun bi:
Mt s loi PLC hin c - OMRON, PLC, SIEMENS, DELTA, ABB.
Modul o to PLC ti thiu, Hoc modul y .
Cc m hnh nu c.
Tht b lp trnh cho PLC, Cp ghp ni, b lp trnh cm tay.
My tnh v phn mm lp trnh.
C. L thuyt:
I. u vo PLC:
1.

u vo l u a tn hiu vo PLC

2.

Phn loi u vo: u vo Logic, u vo Analog

3.

S lng u vo ph thuc loi PLC

4.

Cu trc u vo Nh hnh v:

5. c im u vo:

u vo c nh s

u vo c tn hiu ho

u vo c ghp quang, Cch ly vi s l trong PLC vi th gii bn ngoi


v in

u vo c ch to chun ho ( Dng u vo 5mA - Logic).

Ghp ni cm bin:
H Tt Thng

Trang 11 / 178

II. u ra PLC
1. L u a tn hiu ra ca PLC.
2. Phn loi u ra:

u ra ghp Rele,

u ra Ghep Transitor Kolector H


3. Cu trc u ra:

Trang 12 / 178

H Tt Thng

4. c im u ra:

u ra c nh s

u ra c tn hiu ho

u ra c ghp Rle hoc ghp Quang c tc dng cch ly CPU trong PLC
vi th gii bn ngoi v mt in.

u ra c chun ho tng thch vi cc thit b iu khin khc


5. Bo v u ra:
Bo v bng Diode khi ti du ra l cun cm dng ngun mt chiu

Bo v u ra bng mch R C khi cun dy ti dng ngun 1 chiu:

R= Vdc/ IL

( R ti thiu bng 10 Om)

C = IL x K

( Vi K = 0.5 n 1uF / A)

Bo v bng mch RC khi ti u ra dng vi ngun xoay chiu:

Gi tr in tr R v t C c tnh theo cng thc:


R> 0.5 x Vrmc ( ti thiu = 10 khi u ra dng ngun xoay chiu. V .
Vrmc l in p xoay chiu. )
C = 0.002 n 0.005uF cho mi 10VA ca ti cun cm.
Tc dng ca mch RC dng khp mch dng in khi m tip im.
Dng (khp mch) = 2 x 3.14 x f x C x V~ phi nm trong gii hn cho php.
H Tt Thng

Trang 13 / 178

Bn cng c th s dng p bin tr MOV - Metal Oxide Varistor dng hn ch xung


in p. Phi chon loi MOV c in p lm vic ln hn 20% in p ngun VAC~
V d: Cun cm u ra s dng l 17VA, in p l 115VAC,

Dng cho php chy qua tip im v cun cm l I = 183VA/115V = 1.59A


chon dng tnh ton Itt = 2A.

Gi tr in tr R = 0.5 x 115 =57.5


---> chn l 68
Gi tr t in C = (17VA/10) x 0.005 = 0.0085uF, chn l 0.01uF
Dng khp mch = 2 x 3.14 x 60 x 10-6 x 115 = 0.43mA rms.

S lp rp PLC vi cc thit b ca h iu khin:

S ghp ni PLC CP M1A 20 CDR vi cc thit b ca h thng iu khin trong :


u vo gm cc Phn t:

u ra gm cc phn t:

Nt n iu khin

Cng tc CT1, CT2, CT3

Contactor K1, K2

Rele: R1, R2

Cng tc hnh trnh HT1, HT2

n bo D1,D2..

Cm bin NPN

Trang 14 / 178

H Tt Thng

4. S lp rp Modul dy hc PLC ti thiu bng PLC CPM1A:

S lp rp Modul dy hoc ti thiu bng PLC - CPM1A - 20CDR:


u vo gm cc Phn t:

Cng tc CT0, CT1, CT2, CT3, CT4, CT5, CT6, CT7


u ra gm cc phn t hoc l rele hoc l n bo:

Rele: R0, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7

n bo: D0, D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6, D7.


6. S lp rp Modul dy hc ti thiu bng PLC - S7-200-CPU215:

H Tt Thng

Trang 15 / 178

u vo gm cc Phn t:
Cng tc:

CT0, CT1, CT2, CT3, CT4, CT5, CT6, CT7


CT10, CT11, CT12, CT13, CT14, CT15.

u ra gm cc phn t hoc l rele hoc Cng tctor, hoc l n bo:


Rele: R0, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7
n bo:

D0, D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6, D7.

D. Cc bc thc hnh
1. Tm hiu cc u cp ngun cho PLC, in p, dng in ?.
2. Tm hiu cch ghp ni u vo PLC vi cc thit b iu khin khc, v chiu
dng in chay qua tip im trong trng hp khi ni u COM chung vi
dng pin +24V, v khi ni vi m pin.
3. Tm hiu cch ghp ni u ra PLC vi cc thit b iu khin khc, v chiu
dng in chay qua tip im trong trng hp khi ni u COM chung vi
dng pin +24V, v khi ni vi m pin.
4. Trng hp cm bin c u ra ghp Trasitor PNP v NPN th ni vi u vo
PLC nh th no ?.
5. Gii thch ti sao thng hay ni u vo COM chung vi dng pin, c u im
g ?
6. Ni dy PLC vo ngun v cc thit b iu khin khc. Phi m bo chc chn
in p ngun cp phi ng vi s th nghim yu cu m bo khng gy
nguy him cho thit b.
7. Cp ngun cho PLC v h thng.
8. t PLC ch RUN
9. a tn hiu vo PLC bng cch bt tt cc cng tc u vo v xem n bo tn
hiu ho trn cc u vo PLC.
10. Trng hp u vo PLC c ni vi cc nut n, hoc cc cng tc hnh trnh th
tc ng vo cc nt n hoc cm bin hnh trnh.
11. Trng hp u vo PLC c ni vi cc cm bin a tn hiu vo u cm
bin v xem n bo tn hiu ho trn cc u vo PLC.
12. Kt thc thc hnh, Tt ngun, r b cc thit b, vit bo co thu hoch.
E. Cu hi cui bi hc
1. Phn tch s khc nhau gia cm bin u ra ghp Transitor PNP v NPN, ch ni
vi PLC.
2. Cch bo v u ra cho PLC nh th no?.
3. Lu g trong lp t PLC.
4. Thit b lp trnh cm tay dng lm g?
5. Thit b ghp ni PLC vi my tnh dng lm g?

Trang 16 / 178

H Tt Thng

u ra c bit - ra Analog:

Dau vao Analog:

H Tt Thng

Trang 17 / 178

PLC01-03

Cc im chnh khi s dng PLC


B nh, Ngoi vi, Chu k qut
A. Mc ch yu cu
Nm c cc vn chnh cn bit khi s dng PLC
Lm quen vi thit b ngoi vi v ngn ng lp trnh.
B. Chun bi:
Mt s loi PLC hin c - OMRON, PLC, SIEMENS, DELTA, ABB.
Modul o to PLC ti thiu, Hoc modul y .
Cc m hnh nu c.
Tht b lp trnh cho PLC, Cp ghp ni, b lp trnh cm tay.
My tnh v phn mm lp trnh.
C. L thuyt:
I. B nh ca PLC:
5.

B nh ROM l b nh cng ( nh vnh cu) dng nh chng trnh iu


hnh c bn do nh sn xut ghi

6.

B nh EPROM, EEPROM, l b nh cng c th lp trnh li c bng cc


cng c lp trnh, dng lu nh chng trnh ng dng.

7.

B nh RAM l b nh ng dng nh chng trnh v cc kt qu tnh trung


gian. B nh ny thng c nui bng Pin, nn vic thay pin hoc khng s
dng tronh thi gian di phi theo ch dn ca nh sn xut.

8.

K hiu: D liu trong PLC c s l di dng mW nh phn "0", "1" hoc


"ON", OFF", v c ghi trong cc b nh t chc thnh cc bit, cc byte, knh,
Word, Double Word
Phn t nh n v l mt nh, lu gi mt bit thng tin.
Tm nh lin tip nhau to thnh mt Byte c kh nng ghi gi 8 bit
Hai byte lin tip nhau to thnh mt Word ; hoc mt knh.
Hai Word lin tip nhau to thnh mt Double Word
Mi nh lu gi mt bit thng tin c k hiu bng ch s ng sau du
chm.
Phn ch v s trc du chm ch Byte; Knh; Word; Double Word.
V d vng nh vo ra ca PLC
PLC OMRON:
K hiu:
0.00
0.01
10.00
10.01
PLC S7-200:
I0.0
Q.01

Trang 18 / 178

Ch Chanel 0, bit th 00 - c ni ti u vo 0
Ch Chanel 0, bit th 01 - c ni ti u vo 001
Ch Chanel 10, bit th 00 - c ni ti u vo 1000
Ch Chanel 10, bit th 10 - c ni ti u vo 1001
Ch Chanel I0, bit th 0 - c ni ti u vo I0.0
Ch Chanel Q0, bit th 1 - c ni ti u ra Q0.1
H Tt Thng

9. Phn vng b nh: Mi loi PLC c k hiu v cch phn vng b nh cng nh
dung lng ca mi vng l khc nhau . Ngay cng loi PLC S7-200 vi cc loi
CPU khc nhau th phn vng cng khc nhau. Hc vin nn s dng hc liu 1
v 2 nm vng v cu truc b nh v cch s dng. Ni chung vng nh ca
PLC c phn thnh cc vng sau:
1. Vng nh vo ra
2. Vng nh trung gian
3. Vng nh giao tip
4. Vng nh Timer, Counter.
5. Vng nh c bit
II. Thit b ngoi vi:
1. B lp trnh cm tay Consol
2. Phn mm lp trnh bng my tnh.
3. Cp ghp ni my tnh v PLC.
III. Ngn ng lp trnh:
lp trnh cho PLC c 3 loi ngn ng lp trnh khc nhau, v trong cc phn mm lp
trnh bng my tnh thng c nhng lnh chuyn i gia cc loi ngn ng .
1. Ngn ng gin thang LAD Ngn ng ny gn vi mch Logic in v d mch Starstop - hay mch khi
ng v t duy tr c s mch iu khin Logic in v chng trnh iu
khin lp trnh bng PLC nh hnh i:

2. Ngn ng mW lnh , STL - l danh sch cc cu lnh V d mch stastop trn c


chng trnh vit bng STL nh sau:
LD
OR
AND NOT
OUT
END (01)
H Tt Thng

000
1000
001
1000

Trang 19 / 178

3. Ngn ng khi logic: Gn vi mach Logic in t


V d mch stastop. Vit cho PLC SIEMENS:

IV. Chu k qut v thi gian qut


c im lm vic ca PLC c tnh chu k v ri rc.
Tnh chu k:
Mi chu k gm cc bc lm vic ca CPU nh sau:
c ln lt cc u vo
Tnh ton; hoc s l
Gi kt qu ra cc u ra
Giao tip nu c.
Thi gian thc hin mt chu k gi l Tqut = 10 - 30ms ph thuc tc CPU,
di chng trnh, thi gian giao tip.
Tqut th hin phn ng ca PLC vi cc thay i ca ngoi vi.
Tnh ri rc: Mi thi im CPU ch lm mt nhim v.
Do hai c im ny nn trong khi s dng phi ch trong cc trng hp sau:
Tn hiu vo, ra yu cu thay i nhanh.
Trnh tc ng khng mong mun.
Phi tnh n nh hng ri rc ho khi s dng PLC diu khin cho h iu
khin lin tc.
M t chu k qut ca chng trnh gin thang:

Trang 20 / 178

H Tt Thng

V. Cc bc lp trnh cho PLC:

Mt s lu khi thc hin cc bc lp trnh cho PLC:


Bc 1: Tm hiu k yu cu cng ngh trong bc ny ngi lp trnh phi tm hiu k
cc yu cu cng ngh v phi b xung c cc yu cu cn thiu v trong thc t khi
t hng ngi t hng ch quan tm n cc yu cu chnh cn cc yu cu khc
thc hin c nhim v chnh t ra th thng khng c nu ln.
Bc 2: Lit k y cc cng vo ra, cc cng d tr, cn thit khi pht trin h
thng.v.v v chn PLC c s u vo ra ln hn hoc bng theo yu cu.
H Tt Thng

Trang 21 / 178

Bc 3: Phn cng vo ra cho PLC v nguyn tc nn tun th cc nguyn tc thun


tin cho vic lp trnh, theo di kim tra pht hin li nh sau:
Phn cng vo ra theo chc nng yu cu: v d u vo m tc cao, u
vo Analog, u vo logic, phi ng vi cc u vo chc nng ca PLC
Phn cng vo ra c dng : theo tn gi, hoc theo trnh t tc ng tn
dng c cc kh nng tn hiu ho ca PLC. d theo di pht hin li v d lp
trnh.
Bc 5: Dch lu sang gin thang theo mt trong hai cch sau:
S dng cc phng php tng hp mch logic (Ma trn Cacno, Grafcet,)
c c s logic in sau chuyn sang chng trnh di dng gin
thang LAD. (Lu : Nu W c s logic in ri th c th chuyn thng
sang chng trnh dng gin thang LAD
S dng lu chng trnh v mt s k thut lp trnh nu trong bi 29 c
c chng trnh gin thang LAD.
Bc 7: Chy m phng kim tra chng trnh
Phi to ra tp tn hiu th tng t thc t a vo u vo PLC
Xem kt qu u ra trn PLC v trn phn mm m phng. So snh vi l thuyt.
Bc 8,9: Ni PLC vi thit b thc, phi kim tra chc chn phn ghp ni theo ng
s nguyn l, m bo phn ngun cp c thc hin ng, m bo chc chn in
p ngun cp phi ng vi s nguyn l yu cu m bo khng gy nguy him
cho thit b.
Bc 10: Chy ton b h thng theo cc bc sau:
m bo chc chn h thng ni ng
m bo chc chn h thng c kh, thu lc kh nn chy c.
Chy nhp.
Chy bn t ng.
Chy t ng ton h thng.
Bc 11: Bn giao, Lu ct chng trnh,:
Thc hin bn giao theo ng cc th tc cn thit nh chy kim tra, chy th
nghim, chuyn giao cng ngh, cc th tc bo tr, bo hnh..thnh phn cc
bn tham gia bn giao theo yu cu.
Lu ct chng trnh, di dng File, th nh EFROM, Ti liu.

Trang 22 / 178

H Tt Thng

S lp rp PLC vi cc thit b ca h iu khin:

S ghp ni PLC CP M1A 20 CDR vi cc thit b ca h thng iu khin trong :


u vo gm cc Phn t:

u ra gm cc phn t:

Nt n iu khin

Contactor K1, K2

Cng tc hnh trnh HT1, HT2

Rele: R1, R2

Cm bin NPN

n bo D1,D2...

Cng tc CT1, CT2, CT3

S lp rp Modul dy hc PLC ti thiu bng PLC CPM1A:

H Tt Thng

Trang 23 / 178

S lp rp Modul dy hoc ti thiu bng PLC - CPM1A - 20CDR:


u vo gm cc Phn t:
Cng tc CT0, CT1, CT2, CT3, CT4, CT5, CT6, CT7
u ra gm cc phn t hoc l rele hoc l n bo:
Rele: R0, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7
n bo: D0, D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6, D7.
S lp rp Modul dy hc ti thiu bng PLC - S7-200-CPU215:

S ghp ni modul dy hc ti thiu PLC S7-200 :


u vo gm cc Phn t :
Cng tc:

CT0, CT1, CT2, CT3, CT4, CT5, CT6, CT7


CT10, CT11, CT12, CT13, CT14, CT15.

u ra gm cc phn t hoc l rele, hoc l n bo:


Rele :

R0, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7

n bo :

D0, D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6, D7.

Trang 24 / 178

H Tt Thng

D. Cc bc thc hnh
- Tm hiu cc u cp ngun cho PLC, in p, dng in ?.
- Tm hiu cch ghp ni u vo PLC vi cc thit b iu khin khc, v chiu dng
in chay qua tip im trong trng hp khi ni u COM chung vi dng pin
+24V, v khi ni vi m pin.
- Tm hiu cch ghp ni u ra PLC vi cc thit b iu khin khc, v chiu dng
in chay qua tip im trong trng hp khi ni u COM chung vi dng pin
+24V, v khi ni vi m pin.
- Trng hp cm bin c u ra ghp Trasitor PNP v NPN th u vo phi ni nh th
no?
- Gii thch ti sao thng hay ni u vo COM chung vi dng pin, u im g?.
- Ni dy PLC vo ngun v cc thit b iu khin khc. Phi m bo chc chn in
p ngun cp phi ng vi s th nghim yu cu m bo khng gy nguy
him cho thit b.
- Cp ngun cho PLC v h thng.
- t PLC ch RUN
- a tn hiu vo PLC bng cch bt tt cc cng tc u vo v xem n bo tn hiu
ho trn cc u vo PLC.
- Trng hp u vo PLC c ni vi cc nut n, hoc cc cng tc hnh trnh th tc
ng vo cc nt n hoc cm bin hnh trnh.
- Trng hp u vo PLC c ni vi cc cm bin tiif a tn hiu vo u cm bin
v xem n bo tn hiu ho trn cc u vo PLC.
- Kt thc thc hnh, Tt ngun, r b cc thit b, vit bo co thu hoch.
E. Cu hi cui bi hc
1- Phn tch s khc nhau gia cm bin u ra ghp Transitor PNP v NPN, cch ni
vi PLC.
2- Cch bo v u ra cho PLC nh th no?.
3- Lu g trong lp t PLC.
4- Thit b lp trnh cm tay dng lm g?
5- Thit b ghp ni PLC vi my tnh dng lm g?

H Tt Thng

Trang 25 / 178

PLC01-04

Cc lnh c bn lp trnh cho PLC


A. Mc ch yu cu
Nm c cc lnh c bn lp trnh cho PLC OMRON, bng Consol
Lm quen vi thit b v cc bc lp trnh.
Lp trnh ng dng mach Stastop - Khi ng ng c khng ng b.
B. Chun bi:
Modul o to PLC ti thiu, Hoc modul y .
Cc m hnh nu c.
Tht b lp trnh cho PLC, Cp ghp ni, b lp trnh cm tay.
My tnh v phn mm lp trnh.
C. L thuyt:
I.

Cc khi nim c bn:

1.1 Cc h m:
- Cc b s l trong PLC ch lm vic vi dng d liu c hai trng thi logic l trng
thi "0" hoc "1" ( D liu s ) hay ON hoc OFF. Trong khi con ngi thng
quen vi h m thp phn - h m10 v vy cn c cc cch biu din v quy i
cc dng d liu ny.
- Khi lp trnh cho PLC chng ta cn quan tm n mt s h m sau:
H m thp phn - (Decimal)
H m BCD - ( Binary Code Decimal)
H m nh phn - (Binary).
H m thp luc ( Hexa) - ( Hexadecimal)
H m thp phn (Decimal )
L h m s dng 10 ch s l : 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 biu din cc con s.
H thp phn cn kt hp vi h nhi phn c cch biu din gi l BCD (
Binary Code Decimal ).
H m nh phn ( Binary )
L h m trong ch s dng hai ch s l 0 v 1 biu din tt c cc con s
v cc i lng. Thng c xp thnh dWy, 8 ch s lin tip nhau gi l 1
byte, 16 ch s lin tip gi l 1 t - Word,
Mi mt ch s trong dWy s nh phn gi l mt bit. Bit ngoi cng bn phi gi
l bit th 0, tip n l bt th 1, th 2,cho n bit ngoi cng bn tri bit th n.
Bit nh phn th i trong dWy s nh phn c gi tr quy i sang h 10 bng 2i x 0
hoc 1 ( trong : 0 ; 1 l gi tr ca bit n ). S 2i gi l trng s ca bt th i
trong dWy s nh phn.
V d dWy s nh phn sau:
0101 = 23 x 0 + 22 x 1 + 21 x 0 + 20 x 1 = 5 ( h 10 ).
Trang 26 / 178

H Tt Thng

H m thp luc ( Hexadecimal)


L h m ss dng 16 k t bao gm c ch v s l:
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F biu din cc con s
- Khi vit ngi ta thng thm cc ch BIN ( hoc s 2), BCD, hoc HEX vo cc
con s ch h m ca cc s .
- Lu Trong mt s phn mm lp trnh cho my tnh cc k hiu h m c th
khc nhau (v d trong ngn ng Basic du & ch h m Hexadecimal, Trong
ngn ng C l du x, ngn ng TurboPascal l du $,).
- Bng4- 1 Cch biu din cc h m
H m 10

Hexadecimal

Nh phn

0000 0000

0000 0001

0000 0010

0000 0011

0000 0100

0000 0101

0000 0110

0000 0111

0000 1000

0000 1001

10

0000 1010

11

0000 1011

12

0000 1100

13

0000 1101

14

0000 1110

15

0000 1111

16

10

0001 0000

..

. .

..

. .

255

FF

1111 1111

Theo bng trn ta thy chu k lp li ca mW Hexadecimal l 15 - F - 1111  tng


ng vi chu k m ca dWy 4 ch s nh phn t c th suy ra mt ch s
trong mW Hexadecimal tng ng vi 4 ch s h nh phn. V vy ngi ta thng
dng biu din mW Hexadecimal lm mt dng rt gn ca mW nh phn.
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Trang 27 / 178

1.2 Mt s php ton nh phn - php tnh theo Bit:


D liu trong PLC c lu gi v s l di dng mW nh phn, nn ngoi c php
tnh thng thng, d liu cn c s l hoc lp trnh di dng s l theo bit,
chng ti gii thiu mt s lnh s l theo bit minh ho lm c s cho vic lp
trnh. Cc lnh nng cao v s l theo bit bn c xem thm cc ti liu tham kho.
Php OR logic thc hin php tnh OR tng bit nh sau v d
A

=0 0 0 0 01 0 1

=0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1

Kt qu

=0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1

OR

Quy tc thc hin php OR


0
OR 0
0
OR 1
1
OR 0
1
OR 1
Php AND logic
0
0
1
1

tng bit nh sau:


=0
=1
=1
= 1.

Thc hin php AND tng bit theo quy tc sau:


&
0
=0
&
1
=0
&
0
=0
&
1
=1

V d php AND logic hai s nh phn sau:


&

0000 0011
0000 0101

Kt qu:

0000 0001

Php NOT Php o logic s o cc bit trong dWy s nh phn "0" thnh "1" v s
"1" thnh "0". v d:
DWy bit
A = 0000 1111
DW bit o:
A~ = 1111 0000
Php XOR logic: Thc hin theo tng bit theo quy tc sau:
0
XOR 0
=0
0
XOR 1
=1
1
XOR 0
=1
1
XOR 1
= 0.
V d thc hin php XOR vi hai dWy bit sau:
XOR
Kt qu

A
B

=
=

0101 0011
1101 1100

1000 1111

Trn y l mt s php tnh rt c bn dng trong lp trnh cho PLC ban c c th


xem thm cc php tnh khc trnh by trong ti liu tham kho.
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H Tt Thng

1-3 Mt s phng php lp trnh


lp trnh cho PLC c mt s phng php lp trnh chnh l lp trnh tuyn tnh v
lp trnh c cu trc.
Lp trnh tuyn tnh l lp trnh m ton b chng trnh ng dng s ch nm
trong mt khi gi l chng trnh chnh v thng l cc lnh cc nhim v
thc hin tun t ni tip nhau. K thut ny c c im l gn rt thch hp vi
cc bi ton n gin; hoc cc bi ton gm nhiu cc bc cng vic thc hin
ni tip nhau . Mt trong cc phng php lp trnh c hiu qu i vi cc bi
ton dng ny l dng k thut ghi dch v k thang bc chng ti s trnh by
trong phn 4 - Bi 25, bi 26
Lp trnh c cu trc l kiu lp trnh chia chng trnh thnh ba thnh phn
chnh l: Chng trnh chnh - Main Program , Cc chng trnh con Sub
Program, v Cc chng trnh ngt - Interup Program. Mi thnh phn gii
quyt mt nhim v c th ring nh sau:
Chng trnh chnh - Main Program: y l thnh phn chnh gm cc lnh iu
khin chung cho tt c cc ng dng ca chng trnh. Cc lnh trong chng
trnh ny s c thc hin u n trong mi chu k qut ca CPU. Lnh kt
thc ca chng trnh l lnh END.
Chng trnh con - Subroutine l cc thnh phn con ca chng trnh v c
khi ng khi c lnh gi n t chng trnh chnh., kt thc bng lnh (RET).
Cc chng trnh con v chng trnh ngt thng c vit ngay sau chng
trnh chnh.
Cc chong trnh ngt- cng l cc thnh phn con ca chng trnh. Khi c cc
s kin ngt sy ra (Cc s kin ny c khai bo t trc), th chng trnh
chnh s dng ngay cc cng vic ang thc hin v nhy n chng trnh ngt
thc hin cc lnh trong chng trnh ny. Khi kt thc, chng trnh li quay li
thc hin tip cc lnh ang b b d. Vi kiu thc hin ny phn ng ca PLC
vi cc s kin ngoi vi nhanh hn. Cc s kin ngt thng l Ngt thi gian,
Ngt truyn thng, Ngt ngoi vi v d nh m tc cao v.v..
V d Cu trc chng trnh ca PLC S7-200:

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Trang 29 / 178

Ngi c c th xem thm trong cc ti liu c nu trong phn ti liu tham kho
c r hn.
II. Cc lnh c bn lp trnh cho PLC - CPM1 bng Consol:
2.1 Cc lnh c bn
Mi lnh lp trnh cho PLC gm 2 phn l: " Tn lnh" v " Ton hng"
Tn lnh thng l cc ch v d: LD; AND, OR
Ton hng: c th l " D liu" hoc "a ch".
V d Cc lnh sau:

Cc lnh c bn lp trnh PLC - CPM1 gm:


Lnh LD - Lp trnh khi u tin ca mi Network - mi dng lnh
Lnh AND - Lp trnh khi ni ni tip.
Lnh OR - Lp trnh khi ni song song.
Lnh NOT - Lp trnh khi thng kn v i cng vi cc lnh LD, AND, OR.
Lnh OUT - Lp trnh khi u ra.
Lnh FUN- Gi hm chc nng c bit. Trong FUN 01 Lp trnh hm END.

Trang 30 / 178

H Tt Thng

Biu tng ca cc lnh trn b lp trnh Consol cho trong hnh:

Mt s lnh c bn c bit:
1. Lnh AND LD lnh ny khng c ton hng dng ni ni tip 2 t hp khi v
d:

2. Lnh OR LD lnh ny khng c ton hng dng ni song song hai t hp


khi. V d:

3. Lnh to mch phn nhnh OUT TRn trong n c th chon t 0 n 7 vi PLC


CPM1 v d:

H Tt Thng

Trang 31 / 178

2.2 Gii thiu v Console - Thit b lp trnh cm tay:

Kho chn ch lm vic Kho:


Ch RUN chy chng trnh
Ch Monitor: Chy kim tra chng trnh
Ch Stop Program dng lp trnh.
3. Cc lnh khc:
Lnh Xo Pasword ln lt n cc phm: CLR  MONTR  CLR
Lnh xo ton b chng trnh:
Kho chuyn PROGRAM.
Ln lt n cc phm: CLR SET NOTRESETMONTRE CLR
Lnh xo mt cu lnh:
Kho chuyn v ch PROGRAM
n phm
Trang 32 / 178

hin ra lnh cn xo
H Tt Thng

n phm DEL v sau n phm


Lnh chn mt cu lnh
Kho chuyn v ch PROGRAM
n phm
hin ra lnh sau lnh cn chn.
nh lnh cn chn v sau n phm INS tip theo n
Lnh xem v kim tra cu lnh:
xem v kim tra trng thi ON hoc OF ca cc tip im kho ch
Monitor.
n phm
hin ra lnh cn xem, sau a tn hiu vo PLC v xem
trng thai tip im trn mn hnh Consol. V d xem trng thi u ra OUT
1000:

D. Cc bc thc hnh
1.

Tm hiu mch khi ng ng c khng ng b s phn F.

2.

Lit k u vo ra: 2 u vo, 1 u ra chn PLC CPM1A

3.

Phn cng vo ra: Vo 000 - Sta, 001 - Stop. u ra 1000 - K

4.

Lp lu chng trnh.

5.

Dich lu sang gin thang

6. Lp trnh
Ni PLC vi thit b lp trnh Consol sau bt ngun.
Xo PassWord bng cch n ln lt : Clr -> Montre -> Clr
Xo ton b chng trnh c:
Kho chuyn ch d Program sau bm ln lt cc phm:
Clr -> Set -> Not -> Reset -> Montre -> Clr , Clr.
Lp trnh cho PLC bng cch kho ch Program v nh mW lnh sau:
H Tt Thng

Trang 33 / 178

Bc

M lnh

Ch s

00
01
02
03
04

LD
OR
AND NOT
OUT
FUN

000
1000
001
1000
01

[Write]
[Write]
[Write]
[Write]
[Write]

7. Chuyn PLC v ch Monitor


8. Chy kim tra chng trnh bng cch a tn hiu vo PLC - Bt cng tc CT0 cho
u vo 000 - ON, xem trng thi u ra trn PLC v trn mn hnh Consol bng cch
n phm
hin ra lnh cn xem trn mn hnh Cosol v xem kt qu .

9. Ni PLC vi m hnh hoc thit b th nghim


10. Kim tra ni. Phi m bo chc chn l in p ngun cp cho PLC, cho khi ng
t, ptomat, l ph hp vi cc in p cho php ghi trn u ngun cp ca thit b.
11. Chy th nghim h thng:
E. Cu hi cui bi hc
1. Dng lu chng trnh mach Star/stop..
2. Pht trin chng trnh iu khin khi ng thun ngc ng c khng ng b.
3. Vit mW lnh v th nghim tnh ng n ca chng trnh bng cch lp trnh v
th nghim trn PLC on chng trnh sau:

Trang 34 / 178

H Tt Thng

F. S ni thit b
S lp rp PLC vi cc thit b ca h iu khin:

Mch lc:

S lp rp mach lc v mch iu khin khi ng ng c khng ng b.

H Tt Thng

Trang 35 / 178

PLC01-05

Cc lnh c bn
lp trnh phan mem SYSWIN
A. Mc ch yu cu
Nm c cc lnh c bn lp trnh cho PLC bng my tnh.
Lp trnh ng dng mach Stastop - Khi ng ng c khng ng b.
B. Chun bi:
Modul o to PLC ti thiu, Hoc modul y v ca PLC OMRON.
Tht b lp trnh cho PLC, Cp ghp ni,.
My tnh v phn mm lp trnh, My chiu dnh cho gio vin.
C. L thuyt:
I Cc lnh c bn PLC:
1. Mn hnh lp trnh nh hnh v

Trang 36 / 178

H Tt Thng

2. Cc lnh c bn lp trnh PLC gm:


nh ngha v lp trnh LAD:
Mt s nh ngha:
LAD - ( Ladder Diagram ) ngn ng gin thang:
L ngn ng lp trnh bng ho. Cc phn t c bn trong chng trnh tng ng
vi cc phn t ca mch iu khin rele. Cc phn t ny c ni vi nhau s to
thnh cc "thang" - hay "Network" nh hnh 5-2 to thnh s dng bc thang nn
cn gi l "ngn ng gin thang"
Cc lnh lp trnh cho PLC CPM1-Syswin c th hin thanh cng c lp trnh trn
hnh 5-1 bao gm cc lnh sau:
Tip im - Open contact; Closed contact: Dng lp trnh cc khi tip im logic
thng h --| |---, thng kn ---|/|--.
Cun dy - Coil: c biut ng --( )--|, M t cun dy Rele u ra c mc theo
chiu dng in cung cp i t tri qua phi.
Hp ( box) - FUN: L biu tng m t cc hm khc nhau, n lm vic khi c dng
in chy n hp. Nhng dng hm chc nng c biu din bng hp l cc b thi
gian TIM, b m CNT, v cc hm ton hc FUNCun dy v cc hp phi c
mc ng theo chiu dng in quy nh i t mch chnh bn tri sang bn phi.
H Tt Thng

Trang 37 / 178

Mng LAD: l cc ng ni cc phn t hon thnh mt mch hon thin i t trc


ngun power bus bn tri sang bn phi. ng trc bn tri l ng ngun, dng in
bt u t y qua cc tip im, cui cng n cc cun dy hoc cc hp ri n
ng nhnh bn phi v ngun.( Lu trong mt s phn mm, nhnh bn phi c th
khng c v y m ch th hin l im ni mt --| .)
Cc lnh lp trnh Syswin:
1. Lnh Open Contact

- Lp trnh khi thng h

2. Lnh Closed Contact

- Lp trnh khi thng kn.

3. Lnh

- Lp trnh ni theo chiu ngang.

4. Lnh

- Lp trnh ni chiu ng.

5. Lnh OUT

- Lp trnh khi u ra thng h.

6. Lnh OUT

- Lp trnh khi u ra thng kn.

7. Lnh FUN

FUN

- Gi hm chc nng c bit.

8. Lnh TIM

TIM

- Lp trnh b thi gian

9. Lnh CNT

CNT

- Lp trnh b dm

10. Lnh Insert Network

- Chn mt Network mi

3. Cc lu khi lp trnh LAD:


Hai "Thang" khc nhau khng c ni bng 1 tip im thng ng

Nu mt lnh OUT, hoc mt lnh FUN lun cn iu kin thc hin l ON, th
lnh ny khng c ni trc tip vi ng trc ngun Power bus bn tri m
Thay vo phi ni qua mt tip im c thng ON - ( ALWAYS ON c a
ch 25313).

Trang 38 / 178

H Tt Thng

Mt nhnh khng c xut pht t mt nhnh song song khc.

Lnh OUT hoc OUT NOT, hoc hop FUN phi l lnh cui cng trn mt
thang ( Network) v c ni trc tip vi power bus bn phi.

Cc thang khc nhau khng c lm trong cng mt Network

Chng trnh trn c sa li nh sau:

H Tt Thng

Trang 39 / 178

Nu mt a ch bt dng lp li trn hai lnh OUT PUT khc nhau th lnh OUT
PUT i trc s khng c tc dng

on chng trnh sa li nh sau:

4. Chuyn chng trnh LAD sang dng Lst:


Vo menu Editors, Nhp chn Statement lst editor.

Xem mW lnh trn ca s Statement List Editor.

Trang 40 / 178

H Tt Thng

II. Cc bc lp trnh bng my tnh- Phn mm SYSWIN


1. Ni my tnh vi PLC:
Ni phn cng theo s hnh 5-3:

Ni phn mm chng trnh:


Khi ng SYSWIN bng cch nhp biu tng Syswin-3.4 trn mn hnh ta m
ra ca s chng trnh:

H Tt Thng

Trang 41 / 178

Hnh 5-4. Ca s chng trnh SysWin 3-4


Vo menu Project chn Communication

Hnh 5-5

Trang 42 / 178

Menu Project

H Tt Thng

Chon cng giao tip COM 1


Chn tc truyn thng Baud: 9600
Unit 00
Chn th tc truyn thng Protocol: ASCII 7 bit Even parity 2 stop
Nhp Test PLC thc hin ni my tnh vi PLC nu ni c trong khung
Status hin ra ch Connected. Sau chn Close. (Trng hp khng ni c
my tnh s a ra thng bo kim tra li ng ni, kim tra khai bo ..v..v v
sau th li.)

2. Lp trnh:
Nhp biu tng lnh ca s ri nhp ra mn hnh, sau khai bo.
Thm Network bng cch nhp biu tng Insert Network.

H Tt Thng

Trang 43 / 178

3. chng trnh xung PLC:


M Menu Online, khi my tnh ni c vi PLC cc lnh trong Menu ny s sng
ln ta ch 3 lnh sau:
Lnh Mode: Tng t nh kho ca Consol cng c 3 ch tu chn l Run,
Monitor, Stop/Program.
Lnh DownLoad Program To PLC - l chng trnh xung PLC.
Lnh UpLoad Program From PLC - l c chng trnh t PLC ln My tnh.
4. Chy kim tra m phng chng trnh:
Vo menu Online, Chn Mode - Monitor
Nhp biu tng Monitoring trn thanh menu lnh
a tn hiu vo PLC, xem kt qu trn PLC v trn my tnh.

Hinh 5-8, 5-9 Chy m phng kim tra chng trnh


Trang 44 / 178

H Tt Thng

5. Lu ct chng trnh:
Vo menu File chn Save as.. m ra ca s Save project
Trong mc File Name nh tn File mun Save sau nhp chn OK.
D. Cc bc thc hnh
6. Tm hiu mch khi ng ng c khng ng b s phn F.
7. Lit k u vo ra: 2 u vo, 1 u ra chn PLC CPM1A
8. Phn cng vo ra: Vo 000 - Sta, 001 - Stop. u ra 1000 - K
9. Lp lu chng trnh.
10. Dich lu sang gin thang

6. Lp trnh
Ni PLC vi my tnh, Ni phn cng, ni phn mm.
Lp trnh theo gin thang.
7. chng trnh xung PLC.
8. Chuyn PLC v ch Monitor
9. Chy kim tra chng trnh bng cch nhp biu tng Monitoring, a tn hiu vo
PLC - Bt cng tc CT0 cho u vo 000 - ON, xem trng thi u ra trn PLC v trn
mn hnh my tnh .
10. Ni PLC vi m hnh hoc thit b th nghim
11. Kim tra ni. Phi m bo chc chn l in p ngun cp cho PLC, cho khi ng
t, ptomat, l ph hp vi cc in p cho php ghi trn u ngun cp ca thit b.
12. Chy th nghim kim tra h thng.
E. Cu hi cui bi hc
4. Cc bc ni PLC vi my tnh.
2. Ta Project mi, lp trnh mch Stastop-khi ng ng c khng ng b
3. Pht trin chng trnh iu khin khi ng thun ngc ng c khng ng b.
4. Chy kim tra m phng chng trnh trn my tnh.

H Tt Thng

Trang 45 / 178

F. S ni thit b
S lp rp PLC vi cc thit b ca h iu khin:

Mch lc:

S lp rp mach lc v mch iu khin khi ng ng c khng ng b.:

Trang 46 / 178

H Tt Thng

PLC01-06

Cc lnh c bn
Lp trnh cho PLC S7/200
A. Mc ch yu cu
Nm c cc lnh c bn lp trnh cho PLC bng my tnh
Lp trnh ng dng mach Stastop - Khi ng ng c khng ng b.
B. Chun bi :
Modul o to PLC ti thiu, Hoc modul y .
Cc m hnh nu c.
Tht b lp trnh cho PLC, Cp ghp ni, b lp trnh cm tay.
My tnh v phn mm lp trnh.
C. L thuyt :

I. Gii thiu chung


lp trnh cho PLC S7-200 thng s dng 3 ngn ng lp trnh l:
Ngn ng gin thang k hiu l LAD ( Ladder logic).
Ngn ng " Lit k lnh " k hiu l STL ( Statement list).
Ngn ng " Khi logic" k hiu l FBD ( Function Block Diagram).

H Tt Thng

Trang 47 / 178

Chng trnh dng LAD :

Network1

Network2

1. Mt s nh ngha v ngn ng lp trnh :


LAD - ( Ladder Diagram ) - ngn ng gin thang: L ngn ng lp trnh bng
ho. Cc phn t c bn trong chng trnh tng ng vi cc phn t ca mch iu
khin rele. Cc phn t ny c ni vi nhau s to thnh cc "thang" - hay "Network"
nh hnh 6-2 to thnh s dng bc thang nn cn gi l "ngn ng gin thang".
Cc lnh lp trnh dng LAD cho PLC S7-200 c th hin thanh cng c lp trnh
trn hnh 6-2 bao gm cc lnh sau:
Tip im --| |--: Dng lp trnh cc khi tip im logic thng h --| |---, thng
kn ---|/|--, v cc khi logic khc.Khi nhp biu tng ny mt danh sch cc lnh s
hin ra cho php la chn cc loi tip im khc nhau.
Cun dy - Coil : c biut ng --( )--|, M t cun dy Rele u ra c mc theo
chiu dng in cung cp i t tri qua phi. Khi nhp biu tng ny mt danh sch
cc lnh s hin ra cho php la chn cc loi u ra khc nhau.
Hp ( box) - FUN : L biu tng m t cc hm khc nhau, n lm vic khi c dng
in chy n hp. Nhng dng hm chc nng c biu din bng hp l cc b thi
gian TON, TOFF, b m CTU, CTD, CTUD, v cc hm ton hc khc v.v..Cun
dy v cc hp phi c mc ng theo chiu dng in quy nh i t mch chnh
bn tri sang bn phi. Khi nhp biu tng ny mt danh sch cc hp s hin ra cho
php la chn cc loi hm chc nng khc nhau.
Mng LAD - Network : Mi mt Network l mt " Thang " hay "nhnh hon thin"
bao gm cc ng ni cc phn t to thnh mt mch hon thin i t trc ngun
power bus bn tri n phn t u Ra hoc Hp cui cng ni sang ng trc bn
phi. ng trc bn tri l ng ngun, dng in bt u t y qua cc tip im,
cui cng n cc cun dy hoc cc hp ri n ng nhnh bn phi v ngun.( Lu
Trang 48 / 178

H Tt Thng

trong mt s phn mm, nhnh bn phi c th khng c v y m ch th hin


l im ni mt --| .).
Cc lu khi lp trnh gin thang :
Khng c lp trnh Hai hoc nhiu " Thang " khc nhau hay " nhnh hon
thin" trong cng mt Network

Nu mt lnh OUT, hoc mt lnh FUN lun cn iu kin thc hin l ON, th
lnh ny khng c ni trc tip vi ng trc ngun Power bus bn tri m
Thay vo phi ni qua mt tip im c thng ON - ( ALWAYS ON
SM0.0)...

Mt nhnh khng c xut pht t mt nhnh song song khc.

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Trang 49 / 178

Nu mt a ch bt dng lp li trn hai lnh OUT PUT khc nhau th lnh OUT
PUT i trc s khng c tc dng

on chng trnh sa li nh sau :

Chuyn chng trnh dng LAD sang dng STL :


Nhp menu View trn menu lnh
Nhp chon STL
Chng trnh v d 6-2 di dng STL :

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2. nh ngha v STL :
Phng php lit k lnh ( STL ) l phng php th hin chng trnh di dng tp
hp cc cu lnh nh hnh 6-4. Mi cu lnh trong chng trnh, k c lnh hnh thc
biu din mt chc nng ca PLC
nh ngha v ngn xp logic ( Logic stack) :
S0
Stack 0 - Bit u tin hay bit trn cng ca ngn xp
S1
Stack 1 - Bit th 2 ca ngn xp
S2
Stack 2 - Bit th 3 ca ngn xp
S3
Stack 3 - Bit th 4 ca ngn xp
S4
Stack 4 - Bit th 5 ca ngn xp
S5
Stack 5 - Bit th 6 ca ngn xp
S6
Stack 6 - Bit th 7 ca ngn xp
S7
Stack 7 - Bit th 8 ca ngn xp
S8
Stack 8 - Bit th 9 ca ngn xp
to mt chng trnh dng STL ngi lp trnh phi hiu r phng thc s dng 9
Bit ngn xp logic ca S7-200. Ngn xp logic l mt khi 9 Bit chng ln nhau. Tt c
cc thut ton lin quan n ngn xp u thc hin vi Bit u tin hoc Bit u v Bit
th 2 ca ngn xp. Khi phi hp 2 Bit u tin ca ngn xp th ngn xp s c ko
ln mt Bit. Ngn xp v tn ca tng Bit trong ngn xp c biu din trong bng
trn. Bn c nn xem thm trong hc liu 2 hiu r hn v ngn xp.
Mt s lnh dng STL c bn :
Mi lnh trong STL gm c 2 phn l tn lnh v ton hang gm cc lnh :

Mt s lnh c bit :
Lnh
OLD
ALD
LPS

LPP
H Tt Thng

Ton hng

Ch thch
//Ni song song hai t hp khi
//Ni ni tip hai t hp khi
// Khai bo im r nhnh
// Gi li im r nhnh
Trang 51 / 178

Cc chng trnh v d di dng LAD v STL:

3. Cc phng php lp trnh :


lp trnh cho PLC c mt s phng php sau:
Lp trnh tuyn tnh ngha l ton b chng trnh c vit trong khi chng trnh
chnh MAIN v c thc hin theo mt trnh t t trn xung di, phng php ny
thch hp cho cc bi ton thc hin chui cc cng vic ni tip nhau. Cc phng php
lp trnh thng dng cho bi ton ny c cc hWng sn xut PLC gii thiu gm c
phng php s dng k thu ghi dich; hoc phng php thang bc.
Mt phng php khc l lp trnh c cu trc c hWng SIEMENS xy dng rt c
a chung trong phn mm lp trnh Microwin v c tnh d s dng ca n. Theo
phng php ny mi chng trnh u c phn thnh 3 phn chnh nh sau :
Phn chng trnh chnh - Main Program y l phn chng trnh qun l v
iu hnh chung trong c cc lnh gi v iu hnh n cc chng trnh con.
Cc lnh trong chng trnh chnh Main Program u c thc hin tun t
trong mi chu k qut.
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Phn cc chng trnh con - Sub Program y l cc chng trnh con, mi


chng trnh thc hin mt nhim v iu khin c th v c gi ra v thc
hin bi cc lnh gi trong chng trnh chnh. Khi gp cu lnh gi, chng
trnh chnh s tm dng v chuyn sang thc hin cc lnh trong chng trnh
con. Khi kt thc cng vic chng trnh li quay li tip tc thc hin cc
nhim v tip theo trong chng trnh chnh.
Phn cc chng trnh ngt - Interrup Program y l Cc chng trnh con lm
nhim v c bit ( thng phc v vo ra s liu tc ng nhanh). Khi c tn
hiu ngt - (cc s kin ngt W dc khai bo t trc), chng trnh s dng
ngay cc cng vic ang thc hin v nhy n chng trnh con ngt thc hin
cc nhim v trong trng trnh ngt ny. Khi kt thc chng trnh li quay li
thc hin tip cc cng vic ang b b d trong chng trnh chnh.
Cu trc chng trnh nh sau :

Cc chng trnh con v chng trnh ngt c vit ngay sau chng trnh chnh.
Trong ch ban u mn hnh lp trnh W nh sn cc thnh phn cu trc chng
trnh gm MAIN, SBR_0, v INT_0 nh hnh 6 - 5 cho php ngi lp trnh c th lp
trnh cu trc bng cch nhp vo cc lnh ny m ra ca s lp trnh cho phn
chng trnh chnh MAIN, chng trnh con SUB_0; hoc chng trnh ngt INT_0.
Vic to thm chng trnh con hoc chng trnh ngt dc thc hin bng cch sau (
xem hnh 6-5 ) :
Nhp m Menu Edit
Nhp chn Insert
Nhp chon Subroutine hoc Interrupt.

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Mn hnh lp trnh MicroWin :

V d mn hnh lp trnh MAIN :

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V d mn hnh lp trnh SBR_0 :

Hnh 6-7. Mn hnh lp trnh SBR_0 :


Mn hnh lp trnh INT_0 :

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II. Cc bc lp trnh bng my tnh- Phn mm MICROWIN


6. Ni my tnh vi PLC :
Ni phn cng theo s hnh 6-1:

Ni phn mm chng trnh :


Khi ng MICRO-WIN bng cch nhp biu tng trn mn hnh ta m ra ca
s chng trnh :

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Vo menu View chn Communications

Nhp vo Double-Click to Refresh thc hin ni phn mm PLC vi my


tnh, khi ni c hnh ca CPU ca PLC s hin ra. Sau chn Ok ng
ca s giao tip li.

Trng hp khng ni c chng trnh s a ra thng bo bn kim tra, sa i


sau lp li bc trn ni
Lp trnh bng cch nhp biu tng tip im, biu tng u ra, hoc biu
tng hp iu khin sau chn khi cn thit ca s ri nhp ra phn mn
hnh v khai bo.

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Ni cc khi bng cc biu tng ni.


Chy m phng kim tra chng trnh:
Chuyn PLC v ch RUN vo menu PLC, chn RUN.
Vo Debug chon Menu Start Program Status
Da tn hiu vo PLC, xem kt qu trn PLC v trn my tnh.

Chy m phng kim tra chng trnh :

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D. Cc bc thc hnh
1. Tm hiu mch khi ng ng c khng ng b s phn F.
2. Lit k u vo ra : 2 u vo, 1 u ra chn PLC
3. Phn cng vo ra : Vo I0.0 - Sta, I0.1 - Stop. u ra Q0.0 - K
4. Lp lu chng trnh.
5. Dich lu sang gin thang
6. Lp trnh
7. Ni PLC vi my tnh, Ni phn cng, ni phn mm.
8. Lp trnh theo gin thang.
9. chng trnh xung PLC.
10. Chuyn PLC v ch Monitor
11. Chy kim tra chng trnh bng cch vo menu Debug v chon Start Program
status, a tn hiu vo PLC - Bt tt cng tc CT0 cho u vo I0.0- ON, xem
trng thi u ra trn PLC v trn mn hnh my tnh, sau bt tt u CT1 I0.1
xem kt qu.
12. Ni PLC vi m hnh hoc thit b th nghim
13. Kim tra ni. Phi m bo chc chn l in p ngun cp cho PLC, cho khi
ng t, ptomat, l ph hp vi cc in p cho php ghi trn u ngun cp ca
thit b.
14. Chy th nghim kim tra h thng:
E. Cu hi cui bi hc
1. Cc bc ni PLC vi my tnh.
2. Ta Project mi, lp trnh mch Stastop-khi ng ng c khng ng b
3. Pht trin chng trnh iu khin khi ng thun ngc ng c KB.
4. Chy kim tra m phng chng trnh trn my tnh.
5. Vit chng trnh gin thang LAD di y sang dng STL :
a).

b).

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F. S ni thit b
S lp rp PLC-S7/200 vi cc thit b ca h iu khin :

Mch lc :

G. Ph lc Gii thiu phn mm m phng PLC S7/200


1. Ci t phn mm:
Vo trang http://personales.ya.com/canalPLC downd Load phn mm
m phng S7_200.
Lp trnh trn Microwin mch Sta/stop :
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Kim tra chng trnh : Vo menu PLC Compile All

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Vo menu File chn Export --> C:\BaitapS7\Sta1

Khi ng phn mm m phng S7_200 vi m Key 6596

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Nhp biu tng Load PLC

Chn m file : C:\BaitapS7\Sta1

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Nhp biu tng RUN v nhp biu tng State Program chuyn PLC
o ln ch RUN.

a tn hiu vo PLC o bng cch bt tt cng tc 0; 1 v xem kt qu


m phng trn PLC o v trn chng trnh.

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PLC02-07

Cc lnh c bn iu khin thi gian


A. Mc ch yu cu
1. Bit c cc nh ngha v b Timer v s b Timer trong PLC
2. Bit c cc thng s v thi gian t cc i (max), cc tiu (min).
3. Ung dng b iu khin thi gian TIMER phc v cc h thng cng nghip.
B. Chun bi :
1. Modul o to PLC ti thiu, Hoc modul y .
2. Tht b lp trnh cho PLC, Cp ghp ni, b lp trnh cm tay.
3. My tnh v phn mm lp trnh.
C. L thuyt :
1. nh ngha :
PLC Omron :

TIM

PLC Siemens :

TON, TONR

B TIM v TON hot ng ging nh re le thi gian. Khi u vo chuyn t OF ln ON


b TIM, hoc TON bt u m thi gian, khi thi gian m bng thi gian t trc
(=Tdat) th tc ng tip im.
Khi u vo chuyn xung OFF s Reset ( t li trng thi ban u) cho b TIM hoc
b TON.
Vi PLC - CPM1:

n v tnh 0.1 giy


SV = 0000 - 9999  0s n 999,9 s
SV = 10
thi gian tr bng 1 giy
SV = 9999 thi gian tr bng 999,9 giy
Gin thi gian cho v d :

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2. Gin thang chng trnh iu khin tr 1s :

Khi u vo 000 chuyn ln ON b TIM 00 bt u m thi gian. Sau 1s thi gian m


bng gi tr t tc ng tip im TIM00  ON ng u ra 1000 - ON.
Gin thang LAD v STL v d tng t vi PLC -S7200 :

3. Cc thng s:
PLC Omron - CPM1A : TIM 00 n TIM 99 bc tinh 0.1s, Tdat max=999,9s
Hnh 7-2 Cc thng s v b thi gian ca mt s CPU - PLC S7-200

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D. Cc bc thc hnh
11. Ni dy thao s .
12. Ni PLC vi thit b lp trnh Consol bt ngun.
13. Xo PassWord : Clr -> Montre -> Clr
14. Xo ton b chng trnh c :
Kho chuyn ch d Program sau bm ln lt cc phm:
Clr -> Set -> Not -> Reset -> Montre -> Clr , Clr.
15. Lp trnh cho PLC bng cch kho ch Program v nh mW lnh sau:

16. Chuyn PLC v ch Monitor


17. Chy kim tra chng trnh bng cch a tn hiu vo PLC - Bt cng tc CT0 cho
u vo 000 - ON, xem trng thi u ra trn PLC v trn mn hnh Consol bng
cch n phm
hin ra lnh cn xem trn mn hnh Cosol v xem kt qu .
18. Xem qu trnh m thi gian bng Consol :
Kho t ch Monitor
Ln lt n Clr --> Ship --> CH -->

--> | Ch s | --> Montre


-->| TIM | -- >

a tn hiu vo PLC v theo di qu trnh m thi gian trn mn hnh Consol

19. Thay i tham s thi gian t : quay li bc 5 t lai gi tr Tt ca b TIM l


100 hay : # 100.
20. Chy th li cc bc xem thi gian m ca b TIM.
21. Lp trnh bng phn mm SYSWIN. Chy th nghim kim tra chng trnh.
22. Lp trnh bng phn mm Microwin. Chy th nghim kim tra chng trnh.
E. Cu hi cui bi hc
5. C bao nhiu b Tim trong PLC- CPM1 ca Omron, bc tnh thi gian l bao nhiu,
Thi gian t cc i l bao mhiu giy.
6. C bao nhiu b Tim trong PLC -S7 200 ca Siemens, bc tnh thi gian l bao
nhiu, Thi gian t cc i l bao mhiu giy.
7. Phn bit s khc nhau gia b TIM, TON, TOFF, TONR.
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F. S ni thit b:

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PLC02- 08

Cc lnh iu khin thi gian


A. Mc ch yu cu
1. Lp trnh ng dng b Timer trong PLC
2. Ung dng iu khin khi ng ng c khng ng b.
B. Chun b :
1. Mt s loi PLC hin c - OMRON, SIEMENS.
2. Modul o to PLC ti thiu, Hoc modul y .
3. M hnh
4. Tht b lp trnh cho PLC, Cp ghp ni, b lp trnh cm tay.
5. My tnh v phn mm lp trnh.
C. Kin thc lin quan
Tim hiu cng ngh: khi ng ng c khng ng b cng sut ln ngi ta
thng s dng phng php i ni Y/ mch Stator gim dng In khi ng.
Trc kia thc hin vic ny thng s dng mch Rle thi gian m thi gian
khi ng Y sau chuyn sang khi ng n ch lm vic.
S mch Iu khin bng Rle, Khi ng t nh sau:

D. Cc bc thc hnh
3. Tm hiu k yu cu cng ngh
4. Lit k cc u vo ra : 2 du vo , 3 u ra
5. Phn cng vo ra cho PLC :
u vo :
000 - Start
001 - Stop
u ra : 1000 - K, 1001- KY, 1002- K
4. Dng lu chng trnh
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5. Dch lu sang gin thang

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Gin thang chng trnh tng t lp trnh cho PLC -S7200

23. Ni dy theo s phn F.


24. Ni PLC vi thit b lp trnh Consol bt ngun.
25. Xo PassWord : Clr -> Montre -> Clr
26. Xo ton b chng trnh c :
Kho chuyn ch d Program sau ln lt n cc phm :
Clr -> Set -> Not -> Reset -> Montre -> Clr , Clr.
27. Lp trnh bng cch kho ch Program v nh mW lnh sau:

28. Chuyn PLC v ch Monitor


29. Chy kim tra chng trnh bng cch a tn hiu vo PLC - Bt cng tc CT0 Nh n nt Start cho u vo 000 - ON, xem trng thi u ra trn PLC v trn mn
hnh Consol bng cch n phm
hin ra lnh cn xem trn mn hnh Cosol.
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30. Xem qu trnh m thi gian bng Consol :


Kho t ch Monitor
Ln lt n Clr --> Ship --> CH -->

--> | Ch s | --> Montre


-->| TIM | -- >
a tn hiu vo PLC v theo di qu trnh m thi gian trn mn hnh Consol

31. Thay i tham s thi gian t : quay li bc 5 t lai gi tr Tt ca b TIM l


100 hay : # 100.
32. Chy th li cc bc xem thi gian m ca b TIM.
E. Cu hi cui bi hc
8. K tn Cc phng php khi ng ng c khng ng b.
9. Lp trnh mch khi ng ng c khng ng b bng phng php trn vi PLC
ca Siemens..
10. Lp trnh mch khi ng ng c khng ng b bng phng php a In tr
ph vo mch phn ng, Iu khin theo phng php Tc , Tn s, Thi gian.
F. S ni thit b:
PLC OMRON CPM1A

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PLC02-9

Cc lnh c bn
iu khin thi gian - iu khin giao thng
A. Mc ch yu cu
1. Lp trnh ng dng b Timer trong PLC
2. Ung dng iu khin n giao thng.
B. Chun b :
1. Mt s loi PLC hin c - OMRON, SIEMENS, DELTA, ABB.
2. Modul o to PLC ti thiu, Hoc modul y .
3. M hnh ngW t giao thng.
4. Tht b lp trnh cho PLC, Cp ghp ni, b lp trnh cm tay.
5.My tnh v phn mm lp trnh.
C. Kin thc lin quan
Tim hiu cng ngh:
Iu khin n giao thng thng cc ngW t dng cc b n Bo hiu nh s
di

Yu cu :
Trnh t bt tt n trn cc hng i X v Y l : Xanh 20s, Vng 10s, 30s
Th t bt tt n trn cc hng lch pha nhau : Khi Bt n trc X th bt n Xanh
v Vng truc Y v ngc li.
Gin thi gian bt tt n nh sau:

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Xx = n xanh trc x

Xy = n xanh trc y

Vx= n vng trc x

Vy= n vng trc y

x= n trc x

y= n trc y

D. Cc bc thc hnh
1. Tm hiu k yu cu cng ngh
2. Lit k cc u vo ra : 2 du vo Sta, Stop, 6 u ra
3. Phn cng vo ra cho PLC :
u vo :
000 - Start
001 - Stop
u ra : 1000 - lm vic,

1001- n Xx, 1002- n Vx, 1003 - n x


1004 - n Xy, 1005 - n Vy, 1006 - n y.

4. Dng lu chng trnh


5. Dch lu sang gin thang

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MW lnh lp trnh bng Consol :


MW lnh:
T/t
Lnh
00
LD
01
OR
02
AND
03
OUT

Ton hng
000
1000
NOT 001
1000

04
05

LD
TIM

06
07
08
09

LD
TIM01
LD
TIM02

NOT TIM02
00
#200
TIM 00
#100
TIM01
#300

10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21

LD
AND NOT
OUT
LD
AND
AND NOT
OUT
LD
AND
AND
AND NOT
OUT

1000
TIM 00
1001
1000
TIM00
TIM01
1002
1000
TIM00
TIM01
TIM 02
1003

22
23

LD
TIM

24
25
26
27
28
29
30
32
33

LD
AND NOT
OUT
LD
AND
OUT
LD
NOT
OUT
FUN (01)

1002
03
#20
1002
TIM 03
1003
1002
TIM 03
1005
1002
1006

6. Lp trnh gin thang vo PLC bng ConSol hoc bng my tnh.


7. Chy th kim tra chng trnh:

Chuyn PLC sang ch RUN

a tn hiu vo PLC bng cch nhn nt Start

Xem kt qu trn u ra ca PLC v trn mn hnh

8. Ni PLC vi thit b thc nh hnh di.


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9. Kim tra ni
10. Chy th nghim ton h.
E. Cu hi cui bi hc, v bi tp
1. Lp trnh mch iu khin n ngW t giao thng bng PLC ca Siemens.
2. Lp trnh mch iu khin n ngW t giao thng bng c 3 ch :
0h n 5 h nhy n vng 1s sng, 1s ti
Gi thng : 20s n xanh, 10s n vang, 30s n .
Gi cao Im : 10s n xanh, 5s n vng, 15s n .
3. Lp trnh mch Iu khin n ngW t vi Iu kin khng I dy, khng o ng.
4. Nu gii php lp trnh Iu khin ln sng xanh cho cc tuyn u tin.
F. S ni thit b:

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PLC02-10

Cc lnh c bn iu khin m
A. Mc ch yu cu
4. Bit c cc nh ngha v b Counter v s b Counter trong PLC
5. Bit c cc thng s v gi t cc i (max), cc tiu (min).
6. Ung dng b iu khin m phc v cc h thng cng nghip.
B. Chun bi :
7.
Mt s loi PLC hin c - OMRON, SIEMENS, DELTA, ABB.
8.
Modul o to PLC ti thiu, Hoc modul y .
9.
Tht b lp trnh cho PLC, Cp ghp ni, b lp trnh cm tay.
10. My tnh v phn mm lp trnh.
C. Kin thc lin quan
11. nh ngha :
PLC Omron :

CNT

PLC Siemens :

CTU, CTD, CTUD

B CNT v CTU hot ng ging nh rele m. Mi Khi u vo m chuyn t OF ln


ON s trong b m thay i mt n v , khi s m c bng gi tr t trc
(=Ndt) th tc ng tip im.
u vo Reset = ON s Reset b m - ( t li gi tr ban u) ca b m.
Gin thang cho v d :

12. Gin thang v d m n 10 PLC ca OMRON:

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Gin thang LAD v STL tng t ca PLC -S7200.

Ch thch:
CTU: B m cng
CO: S ca b m
00 25
CU: u vo m
R:
u vo Reset
PV:
Gi tr t: VW, T, C, IW, QW, MW, SMW, AC, AIW,
constant, *VD, *AC, SW
D. Cc bc thc hnh
33. Ni dy theo s .
34. Ni PLC vi thit b lp trnh Consol bt ngun.
35. Xo PassWord : Clr -> Montre -> Clr
36. Xo ton b chng trnh c :
Kho chuyn ch d Program sau bm ln lt cc phm:
Clr -> Set -> Not -> Reset -> Montre -> Clr , Clr.
37. Lp trnh bng cch kho ch Program v nh mW lnh sau:

38. Chuyn PLC v ch Monitor


39. Chy kim tra chng trnh bng cch a tn hiu vo PLC - Bt cng tc CT0 cho
u vo 000 - ON, xem trng thi u ra trn PLC v trn mn hnh Consol bng
cch n phm
hin ra lnh cn xem trn mn hnh Cosol v xem kt qu .
40. Xem qu trnh m bng Consol :
Kho t ch Monitor
Ln lt n Clr --> Ship --> CH -->

--> | Ch s | --> Montre


-->| CNT | -- >

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a tn hiu vo PLC v theo di qu trnh m trn mn hnh Consol

41. Thay i tham s b m: quay li bc 5 t lai gi tr b m l 5 hay: # 5.


42. Chy th li cc bc xem kt qu m ca b CNT.
E. Cu hi cui bi hc
11. C bao nhiu b CNT trong PLC-CPM1 ca Omron, gi tr t cc i l bao nhiu?
12. C bao nhiu b m trong PLC-S7 200 ca Siemens ga tr t cc i l bao nhiu.
13. Gii thch s khc nhau gia b CNT, CTU, CTD, CTUD.
F. S ni thit b:

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Phu luc 1:

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Phu luc2:

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PLC02-11

Cc lnh c bn
Iu khin m - My ng hp Sn phm

A. Mc ch yu cu

Bit c cc ng dng b Counter ca PLC

Ung dng b iu khin m phc v dy chuyn ng hp sn phm.

B. Chun bi :

Mt s loi PLC hin c - OMRON, SIEMENS, DELTA, ABB.

Modul o to PLC ti thiu, Hoc modul y .

Tht b lp trnh cho PLC, Cp ghp ni, b lp trnh cm tay.

My tnh v phn mm lp trnh.

C. Kin thc lin quan


2. Nguyn l dy chuyn ng hp sn phm :

Nguyn l lm vic ca dy chuyn :


Khi nt Start c n xung

u tin bng hp chy --- > khi hp chm cm bin hp dng B.hp

Bng to chy cm bin to lm vic m s to vo hp

Khi s to m c = 10 dng bng to, cho bng hp chy

Khong gia 2 hp Reset li b m v chu k li tip tc lp li cho n khi


n nt dng Stop.

3. Phn cng vo ra cho PLC


Vo PLC :
000 - Start
001 : CB hp
002 : CB to
003 : Stop.
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Ra PLC :
1000 : lm vic
1001 : Bng ti hp
1002 : Bng ti to
Trang 85 / 178

4. Gin thang :

Gin thang chng trnh tng t bng PLC -S7-200

D. Cc bc thc hnh
- Ni dy theo s .
- Ni PLC vi thit b lp trnh Consol hoc my tnh v bt ngun.
- Xo PassWord : Clr -> Montre -> Clr
- Xo ton b chng trnh c :
Kho chuyn ch d Program sau bm ln lt cc phm:
Clr -> Set -> Not -> Reset -> Montre -> Clr , Clr.
- Lp trnh bng cch kho ch Program v nh mW lnh chng trnh
- Chuyn PLC v ch Monitor
Trang 86 / 178

H Tt Thng

- Chy kim tra chng trnh bng cch a tn hiu vo PLC - Bt cng tc CT0 - Start
cho u vo 000 - ON, lp li cc ng tc bng cch bt tt cng tc cm bin hp
(001), cng tc cm bin to (002). Tng t nh qu trnh thc t v xem trng thi
u ra trn PLC v trn mn hnh Consol
- Xem qu trnh m bng Consol :
Kho t ch Monitor
Ln lt n Clr --> Ship --> CH -->

--> | Ch s | --> Montre


-->| CNT | -- >

a tn hiu vo PLC v theo di qu trnh m trn mn hnh Consol

- Thay i tham s b m: quay li bc 5 t lai gi tr b m l 5 hay: # 5.


- Chy th li cc bc xem kt qu m ca b CNT.
E. Cu hi cui bi hc
- C bao nhiu b CNT trong PLC- CPM1 ca Omron, Gi tr t cc i l bao nhiu.
- C bao nhiu b m trong PLC S7 200 ca Siemens ga tr t cc i l bao nhiu.
- GiI thch s khc nhau gia b CNT, CTU, CTD, CTUD.
- Vit mW lnh chng trnh STL my ng hp sn phm ca Siemens.
- Lp trnh chy m phng trn phn mm SYSWIN.
- Lp trnh chy m phng trn phn mm MICROWIN.
- Ghp ni PLC vi thit b thc hoc m hnh.
- Chy m hnh h thng, v chnh nh.
- Vit bo co thu hoch
F. S ni thit b:

H Tt Thng

Trang 87 / 178

PLC02-12

Cc lnh c bn
Kt ht b iu khin m v b thi gian
A. Mc ch yu cu
- Bit c cc ng dng kt hp b Counter v b Timer ca PLC
- Ung dng Iu khin khi ng v ng my pht d phng cho XN.
B. Chun bi :
- Mt s loi PLC hin c - OMRON, SIEMENS, DELTA, ABB.
- Modul o to PLC ti thiu, Hoc modul y .
- Tht b lp trnh cho PLC, Cp ghp ni, b lp trnh cm tay.
- M hnh h my pht d phng nu c.
- My tnh v phn mm lp trnh.
C. Kin thc lin quan
1. Nguyn l h Iu khin khi ng v ng my pht d phng :

Nguyn l lm vic ca h thng :


- H tiu th c cp in t 2 ngun, 1 l t in p li, hai l t My pht d phng.
- R le RL bo in p li, tip im ca n c a vo PLC
- R le RF bo in p my pht tip im ca n c a vo PLC.
Cc thao tc vn hnh khi ng v ng my pht d phng c thc hin nh sau:
+ Khi mt UL

n nt Start On 1s, OF 10s khi ng my phat. Qu trnh ny c lp li


3 ln cho n khi c UF th thi. Trng hp sau 3 ln th khi ng my pht
khng thnh cng th h s dng.

Trang 88 / 178

H Tt Thng

+ Khi mt UL v c UF ( W khi ng c my phat) :

n nut CF ON 1s chuyn tI sang My pht

+ Khi c UL li, v ang c UF :

i 2 phut chc chn c UL

n nut CL on 1s chuyn ti sang li.

n nt Stop dng my pht on 1s.

Trn y l ton b qu trnh khi ng v ng my pht d phng thc hin bng tay.
Nhim v t ra l hWy thay qu trnh ny bng PLC.
2. Phn cng vo ra cho PLC
Vo PLC :

Ra PLC :

000 - Bo UL

1000 : Sta

001 : Bo UF

1001 : CF
1002 : CL
1003 : Stop

3. Lu chng trnh ? (hc vin th xy dng lu ):


4. Gin thang:

H Tt Thng

Trang 89 / 178

D. Cc bc thc hnh
- Ni dy theo s .
- Ni PLC vi thit b lp trnh Consol bt ngun.
- Xo PassWord : Clr -> Montre -> Clr
- Xo ton b chng trnh c :
Kho chuyn ch d Program sau bm ln lt cc phm:
Clr -> Set -> Not -> Reset -> Montre -> Clr , Clr.
- Lp trnh bng cch kho ch Program v nh mW lnh chng trnh
(Hc vin t chuyn chng trnh dng LAD sang dng STL trc khi lp trnh).
- Chuyn PLC v ch Monitor
- Chy kim tra chng trnh bng cch a tn hiu vo PLC Bt cng tc CT0 cho u vo 000 - ON bo c UL xem trng thi u ra trn PLC
v trn mn hnh Consol bng cch n phm
hin ra lnh cn xem trn
mn hnh Cosol v xem kt qu .
Tt cng tc CT0 cho u vo 000 = OF mt UL xem trng thI u ra 1000
Bt cng tc CT1 cho u vo 001 = ON c UF xem trng thI u ra 1001.
Bt cng tc CT0, gi nguyn trng thI CT1 c UL c UF xem b m 2 pht,
xem u ra 1002, 1003.
- Xem qu trnh m v thi gian bng Consol :
Kho t ch Monitor
Ln lt n Clr --> Ship --> CH -->
--> | Ch s | --> Montre
-->| CNT | -- >
- | TIM | -
a tn hiu vo PLC v theo di qu trnh m thi gian v s ln khi ng trn
mn hnh Consol

- Kim tra li trnh t cc bc thc hin khi ng v ng my pht d phng trn


my tnh trong ch chy m phng.
- Ghp ni PLC vi m hnh thc v kim tra li qu trnh trong cc trng hp mt
in p li, khi ng c my phat, c In p li li..
E. Cu hi cui bi hc v bi tp
- Vit lu chng trnh..
- Vit mW lnh chng trnh
- Lp trnh v chy m phng trn phn mm SYSWIN.
- Lp trnh v chy m phng trn phn mm MICROWIN.
- Pht trin chng trnh trong trng hp cn c thm cc khu bo v cho my pht v
d nh : Qu nhit, Mt nc lm mt, Ht du,..vv..
Trang 90 / 178

H Tt Thng

F. S ni thit b:

H Tt Thng

Trang 91 / 178

PLC02- 13

Cc lnh c bn iu khin GHI DICH

A. Mc ch yu cu
- Bit c cc nh ngha v nguyn l lm vic ca cc b ghi dich.
- Bit c cch lp trnh, kim tra s lm vic ca b ghi dch.
- Ung dng b ghi dch lp trnh iu khin qu trnh cng nghip.
B. Chun bi :
- Mt s loi PLC hin c - OMRON, SIEMENS, DELTA, ABB.
- Modul o to PLC ti thiu, Hoc modul y .
- Tht b lp trnh cho PLC, Cp ghp ni, b lp trnh cm tay.
- My tnh v phn mm lp trnh.
C. L thuyt:
1. nh ngha :
PLC Omron :

SFT (10)

PLC Siemens :

SHRB,

B ghi dch trong PLC c chc nng Ghi gi s liu n t u Data v Dch s liu t
nh ny n nh k cn ( hoc t knh ny n knh khc) mi khi c mt xung
vo u Clock. u Reset ( PLC OMRON on s Reset - xo v 0 tt c cc nh.).
Gin thi gian cho v d :

Khi u Data = 1 (on), v c xung Clock th s liu ny s c y vo nh u tin


ca thanh ghi l HR00.00. Tip tc pht xung Clock th s liu nh HR00.00 li
c y sang nh k cn bn tri theo chiu mi tn v s liu t u Data li c
y vo nh HR00.00.
Mi nh s Iu khin mt tip Im tng ng gi tr ca nh = 1 tip Im ON, v
ngc li gi tr trong nh = 0 tip Im OF.
Tng t chng ta c gin ca PLC SIEMENS.

Trang 92 / 178

H Tt Thng

2. Gin thang lnh ghi dich PLC - OMRON:

Gin thang tuwowng t PLC -S7-200 :

H Tt Thng

Trang 93 / 178

3. Cc thng s:
- PLC Omron - CPM1A: S thanh ghi c th s dng HR00 - HR15, s bit 16
- PLC Siemens-S7-200: Lnh SHRB thc hin c vi cc byte - 8 bit, Hc vin c th
xem thm trong cc ti liu m rng hn v cc lnh ghi dch ca Siemens..
D. Cc bc thc hnh
- Ni dy theo s hnh F .
- Ni PLC vi thit b lp trnh Consol bt ngun.
- Xo PassWord : Clr -> Montre -> Clr
- Xo ton b chng trnh c :
Kho chuyn ch d Program sau bm ln lt cc phm:
Clr -> Set -> Not -> Reset -> Montre -> Clr , Clr.
- Lp trnh bng cch kho ch Program v nh mW lnh chng trnh.

Trang 94 / 178

H Tt Thng

- Chuyn PLC v ch Monitor


- Chy kim tra chng trnh bng cch a tn hiu vo PLC - Bt cng tc CT1 cho
u vo 001 ( u Data) = ON, v bt tt u 000-( u Clock) a xung Clock vo
b ghi dch xem trng thi u ra trn PLC v trn mn hnh my tnh.
- Xem qu trnh Ghi dch bng Consol :
Kho t ch Monitor
Ln lt n cc phm :
Clr --> SHIFT --> CH -->

--> | Ch s | --> MONTR-SHIFT MONTR


-->| HR00 | -- >

a tn hiu vo PLC, bt Data v Clock v theo di qu trnh ghi dch trn mn


hnh Consol

- Thay i cch bt tt u Data c cc kiu s liu dch khc nhau.


- Chy th li cc bc xem kt qu ca b ghi dch .
- Lp trnh v chy m phng trn phn mm SYSWIN - PLC OMRON
- Lp trnh v chy m phng trn phn mm MICROWIN - PLC SIEMENS
E. Cu hi cui bi hc
- C bao nhiu loi b Ghi dch trong PLC- CPM1 ca Omron, Gi tr t cc i l
bao nhiu..
- C bao nhiu loi b Ghi dch trong PLC -S7 200 ca Siemens ga tr t t cc i l
bao nhiu.
- Gii thch s khc nhau gia b SFT(10) ca PLC OMRON, v b SHRB ca PLC
SIEMENS.
F. S ni thit b:

H Tt Thng

Trang 95 / 178

PLC02-14

Cc lnh c bn iu khin GHI DCH


A. Mc ch yu cu
- Bit c cc ng dng ca b ghi dich.
- Bit c cch lp trnh, kim tra s lm vic ca b ghi dch.
- Ung dng b ghi dch v b thi gian lp trnh iu khin n chy, hoc qu trnh lm
vic tun t, tun hon.
B. Chun bi :
- Mt s loi PLC hin c - OMRON, SIEMENS, DELTA, ABB.
- Modul o to PLC ti thiu, Hoc modul y .
- Tht b lp trnh cho PLC, Cp ghp ni, b lp trnh cm tay.
- My tnh v phn mm lp trnh.
C. Kin thc lin quan
+ L thuyt :
- Trong cng nghip thng c cc qu trnh din ra ni tup nhau tun t theo thi gian
v d nh iu khin Robot vn chuyn, iu khin h thng bng ti, Iu khin
chng trnh phun nc ng thut, chng trnh iu khin n chy trang tr hoc
qung co v.v.. Th vic ng dng b ghi dch l mt trong cc gii php thun tin
nht. Sau y chng ta nghin cu gii php n chy l mt v d ng dng c th.
- Gi s cn iu khin bng n qung co nh hnh di

+ Yu cu :
C mi giy lai sng thm mt ch u tin l ch TRUONG sau tip n ch
DAI, ri ch HOC khi tt c cc ch W sng ht i 1s th tt ht v qu trnh
li c lp lai t u.
thc hin Iu ny ta dng mt b ghi dch v mt b Timer. B Timer lm
nhim vu pht xung Cloc cho b ghi dch, c mi giy li pht ra 1 xung a vo
u Clock. u Data t gi tr 1 vo u Data ca b ghi dich.
n xung th 7 Cc ch W sng ht ta thc hin lnh Reset b ghi dch v qua
trnh li bt u li t u nh hnh di.

Trang 96 / 178

H Tt Thng

+ Phn cng vo ra cho PLC


u vo
000 - Start
001 - Data
002 - Stop

u ra
1000 Lm vic
1001 TRUONG
1002 DAI
1003 HOC
1004 BACH
1005 KHOA
1006 HA
1007 NOI

- Tng t chng ta c gin ca PLC SIEMENS.

+ Gin thang Iu khin n chy ca PLC CPM1 :

H Tt Thng

Trang 97 / 178

- Gin thang chng trnh tng t bng PLC -S7200

D. Cc bc thc hnh
- Ni dy theo s .
- Ni PLC vi thit b lp trnh Consol bt ngun.
- Xo PassWord : Clr -> Montre -> Clr
- Xo ton b chng trnh c :
Kho chuyn ch d Program sau bm ln lt cc phm:
Clr -> Set -> Not -> Reset -> Montre -> Clr , Clr.
- Lp trnh bng cch kho ch Program v nh mW lnh chng trnh.

Trang 98 / 178

H Tt Thng

- Chuyn PLC v ch Monitor


- Chy kim tra chng trnh bng cch a tn hiu vo PLC - Bt cng tc CT1 cho
u vo 001 ( u Data) = ON, v bt tt u 000-( u Clock) a xung Clock vo
b ghi dch xem trng thi u ra trn PLC v trn mn hnh my tnh.
- Xem qu trnh Ghi dch bng Consol :
Kho t ch Monitor
Ln lt n cc phm :
Clr --> SHIFT --> CH -->

--> | Ch s | --> MONTR-SHIFT MONTR

-->| HR00 | -- >

a tn hiu vo PLC, bt Data v Clock v theo di qu trnh ghi dch trn mn hnh
Consol

- Thay i cch bt tt u Data c cc kiu s liu dch khc nhau.


- Chy th li cc bc xem kt qu ca b ghi dch .
E. Cu hi cui bi hc
- C bao nhiu loi b Ghi dch trong PLC- CPM1 ca Omron, Cc thng s?.
- C bao nhiu loi b Ghi dch trong PLC -S7 200 ca Siemens Cc thng s ?
14. Gii thch s khc nhau gia b SFT(10) ca PLC OMRON, v b SHRB ca PLC
SIEMENS.
F. S ni thit b:

H Tt Thng

Trang 99 / 178

PLC02- 15

Cc lnh c bn lp trnh cho


My phn loi sn phm
A. Mc ch yu cu
- Bit c cc ng dng ca b ghi dich.
- Bit c cch lp trnh, kim tra s lm vic ca b ghi dch.
- Ung dng b ghi dch lp trnh my pht hin sn phm li v phn loi sn phm.
B. Chun bi :
- Mt s loi PLC hin c - OMRON, SIEMENS.
- Modul o to PLC ti thiu, Hoc modul y .
- Tht b lp trnh cho PLC, Cp ghp ni, b lp trnh cm tay.
- My tnh v phn mm lp trnh.
C. Kin thc lin quan
+ L thuyt :
Trong dy chuyn sn xut cng nghip thng phi pht hin ra cc sn phm
li v y chng khi dy chuyn. lm iu ny ngi ta thng s dng cc
loi cm bin khc nhau pht hin sn phm li v s dng b ghi dich ca
PLC phn loi cc sn phm ny. Mt h thng phn loi nh th c m t
nh hnh v.

Trang 100 / 178

H Tt Thng

Nguyn l lm vic ca h thng nh sau :


Cm bin li dng pht hin sn phm li. N s ON = 1 khi pht hin ra sn
phm li, Tn hiu ny c a vo u Data 001 ca b Ghi dich
Cm bin Clock pht xung vo u Clock ca b Ghi dich. Theo thit k c kh
nh nu trn hnh v C mi xung Clock Sn phm li chuyn c mt bc
u nhau trn dy chuyn.
Khi sn phm b li, b ghi dch s ghi nh n, V khi n n trc u y b
ghi dich s ra lnh cho thit b y li y sn phm ny vo l ph phm.
+ Phn cng vo ra cho PLC
u vo:
000 - CB Clock
001 - CB li, 002 - Stop

u ra:
1000 - y li

- Tng t chng ta c gin b ghi dch ca PLC SIEMENS.

+ Chng trnh gin thang lp trnh cho PLC CPM1 :

- Gin thang LAD v STL my phn loi bng PLC -S7-200

H Tt Thng

Trang 101 / 178

STL:
Lnh

Ton hng

Ch thch
Network1

LD

I0.0

//u vo Cm bin Clock

EU
SHRB

//Lnh vi phn sn ln
I0.1, V100.0, 8

//B ghi dch, I0.1 u vo cm bin li

Network2
LD

V100.3

//Bit th 3 ca V100

Q0.0

//u ra y li

D. Cc bc thc hnh
- Ni dy theo s .lp rp nh hnh F.
- Ni PLC vi thit b lp trnh Consol bt ngun.
- Xo PassWord : Clr -> Montre -> Clr
- Xo ton b chng trnh c :
Kho chuyn ch d Program sau bm ln lt cc phm:
Clr -> Set -> Not -> Reset -> Montre -> Clr .
- Lp trnh bng cch kho ch Program v nh mW lnh chng trnh.
MW lnh:
Bc

Lnh

Ton hng

Ch thch

00

LD

001

01

LD

000

//u vo Clock Cm bin Clock

02

LD

002

//u vo Reset

[WRITE]

//u vo Data Cm bin li

HR00
02

LD

HR003

//Bit th 3 ca HR00

03

OUT

1000

//u ra 1000 y li

18

FUN (01)

- Chuyn PLC v ch Monitor


- Chy kim tra chng trnh bng cch a tn hiu vo PLC - Bt cng tc CT1 cho
u vo 001 ( u Data) = ON, v bt tt u 000-( u Clock) a xung Clock vo
b ghi dch xem trng thi u ra trn PLC v trn mn hnh my tnh.
- Xem qu trnh Ghi dch bng Consol :
Kho t ch Monitor
Ln lt n cc phm :
Clr --> SHIFT --> CH -->

--> | Ch s | --> MONTR-SHIFT MONTR


-->| HR00 | -- >

a tn hiu vo PLC, bt Data v Clock v theo di qu trnh ghi dch trn mn


hnh Consol
Trang 102 / 178

H Tt Thng

- Thay i cch bt tt u Data v kim tra kh nng phn loi sn phm.


- Lp trnh bng my tnh v chy th li cc bc xem kt qu ca b ghi dch .
E. Cu hi cui bi hc v bi tp pht trin.
- Lp trnh v chy kim tra chng trnh trn my tnh bng phn mm lp trnh
SysWin, MicroWin.
- Pht trin chng trnh trong trng hp cn phn loi 2 hoc nhiu li.
- Pht trin chng trnh trong trng hp u cm bin li cch u y 100 nhp xung
Clock.
- Tm nguyn nhn h hng, my y tt c cc sn phm. (Bit rng cc cm bin tt,
PLC v chng trnh tt.) - S c ny W sy ra nh my thuc l Thanh ho).
F. S ni thit b:

H Tt Thng

Trang 103 / 178

PLC02-16

Cc lnh c bn: Lnh CHOT


A. Mc ch yu cu
- Bit c cc nh ngha v lnh CHOT
- Bit c cc thng s v c Im lm vic ca cc mch CHOT.
- Ung dng phc v cc h thng cng nghip.
B. Chun bi :
- Mt s loi PLC hin c - OMRON, SIEMENS, DELTA, ABB.
- Modul o to PLC ti thiu, Hoc modul y .
- Tht b lp trnh cho PLC, Cp ghp ni, b lp trnh cm tay.
- My tnh v phn mm lp trnh.
C. Kin thc lin quan
+ nh ngha:
PLC Omron :

KEEP (11)

PLC Siemens :
---( S )---, ---( R )----.
- Lnh KEEP(11) c tc dng xc lp v duy tr trng thI ON hoc OF ca mt Bit
hoc mt u ra cho n khi mt trong 2 u vo Reset hoc Set chuyn trng thai.
- Vi PLC siemens cng c cc lnh tng t nh gii thiu hnh 16-3

Gin thi gian cho v d :

+ Gin thang :

Trang 104 / 178

H Tt Thng

+Lnh Set (S) v Reset ca PLC S7

Gin thang v d tng t PLC -S7- 200

D. Cc bc thc hnh
- Ni dy thao s .
- Ni PLC vi thit b lp trnh Consol bt ngun.
- Xo PassWord : Clr -> Montre -> Clr
- Xo ton b chng trnh c :
Kho chuyn ch d Program sau bm ln lt cc phm:
Clr -> Set -> Not -> Reset -> Montre -> Clr , Clr.
- Lp trnh bng cch kho ch Program v nh mW lnh sau:
Bc

MW lnh

00

LD

000

[Write]

01

LD

001

[Write]

02

FUN 11

1000

[Write]

05

END (01)

[Write]

- Chuyn PLC v ch Monitor


H Tt Thng

Trang 105 / 178

- Chy kim tra chng trnh bng cch a tn hiu vo PLC - Bt cng tc CT0 cho
u vo 000 - ON, xem trng thi u ra trn PLC v trn mn hnh Consol bng cch
n phm
hin ra lnh cn xem trn mn hnh Cosol v xem kt qu .
- Xem trng thI u ra trn PLC v trn Consol :
Kho t ch Monitor
a tn hiu vo PLC v theo di trng thi trn mn hnh Consol

- Lp trnh mch Start Stop v th li..


- So snh s lm vic tng t gia mch Start Stop v lnh CHOT, Gia PLC ca
OMRON v ca SIEMENS.
E. Cu hi cui bi hc
- Gii thch ni dung quan st c trong thc hnh 8, 9.
- Gii thch s khc nhau gia gia cc lnh CHOT v mch Start Stop.
F. S ni thit b:

Trang 106 / 178

H Tt Thng

PLC02-17

Cc LNH C BN - Cc lnh VI PHN


A. Mc ch yu cu
- Bit c cc nh ngha v lnh Vi phn sn
- Bit c cc thng s v c Im lm vic ca mch vi phn.
- Ung dng phc v cc h thng cng nghip.
B. Chun bi :
- Mt s loi PLC hin c - OMRON, SIEMENS, DELTA, ABB.
- Modul o to PLC ti thiu, Hoc modul y .
- Tht b lp trnh cho PLC, Cp ghp ni, b lp trnh cm tay.
- My tnh v phn mm lp trnh.
C. L thuyt :
+ nh ngha :
PLC Omron :

DIFU ( 13), DIFD(14)

PLC Siemens :
---| P |---, ---| N |----.
- Lnh DIFU(13) hoc --} P |--- c tc dng to ra 1 xung ON u ra vi rng 1
chu k qut khi u vo chuyn t OF ln ON
- Lnh DIFD(14) hoc --} N |--- c tc dng to ra 1 xung ON u ra vi rng 1
chu k qut khi u vo chuyn t ON xung OF.
+ Bbiu thi gian :

+ Gin thang v d :

H Tt Thng

Trang 107 / 178

+ Gin thi gian tng t cho v d ca PLC Siemens:

+ Cc thng s:
- PLC Omron - CPM1A : lnh DIFU ( FUN 13) , lnh DIFD (FUN 14).
- PLC Siemens-S7-200 : ----| P |-----, -----| N |------D. Cc bc thc hnh
- Ni dy theo s .
- Ni PLC vi thit b lp trnh Consol bt ngun.
- Xo PassWord : Clr -> Montre -> Clr
- Xo ton b chng trnh c :
Kho chuyn ch d Program sau bm ln lt cc phm:
Clr -> Set -> Not -> Reset -> Montre -> Clr , Clr.
- Lp trnh bng cch kho ch Program v nh mW lnh sau:

- Chuyn PLC v ch Monitor


- Chy kim tra chng trnh bng cch a tn hiu vo PLC - Bt tt cng tc CT0 v
CT1, xem trng thi u ra 1000, trn PLC v trn mn hnh Consol bng cch n
phm
hin ra lnh cn xem.
+ Xem trng thi u ra trn PLC v trn Consol :
Kho t ch Monitor
a tn hiu vo PLC v theo di trng thi trn mn hnh Consol

Trang 108 / 178

H Tt Thng

- Gii thch kt qu.


- Lp trnh bng my tnh gin thang ca PLC- OMRON.
- Lp trnh bng my tnh gin thang ca PLC- SIEMENS.
- Kim tra chy th nghim trn PLC ca SIEMENS.
E. Cu hi cui bi hc
- Gii thch ni dung quan st c trong thc hnh.
- Gii thch s khc nhau gia cc lnh DIFU, DIFD, --|P|--, --|N|-- .
F. S ni thit b:

H Tt Thng

Trang 109 / 178

PLC02-18

Cc lnh c bn
NG dng Lnh CHOT v cc lnh VI PHN
A. Mc ch yu cu
- Bit c cc ng dng lnh CHOT v lnh Vi phn sn
- Lp trnh Ung dng phc v cc h thng cng nghip - h iu khin bng ti nhiu
on trong nh my luyn cn thp.
B. Chun bi :
- Mt s loi PLC hin c - OMRON, SIEMENS, DELTA, ABB.
- Modul o to PLC ti thiu, Hoc modul y .
- Tht b lp trnh cho PLC, Cp ghp ni, b lp trnh cm tay.
- My tnh v phn mm lp trnh.
C. L thuyt :
+ M t cng ngh

+ Nguyn l lm vic ca h thng nh sau :


- chuyn cc sn phm t ni sn xut vo kho vi khong cch ln th vic dng
mt bng ti di s rt tn km v nng lng cng nh chi ph u t, nn thay vo
ngi ta dng cc bng ti ngn hn c ni ni tip vi nhau (nh hnh v) v
dng cc cm bin S a tn hiu vo PLC khi ng hoc dng cc bng ti pha
trc v pha sau sn phm. V d ng dng trong phn xng cn thp.
- Mi khi c sn phm l cun thp ra l i n gia bng ti no s lm cm bin S
ca bng ti ON ln a tn hiu vo PLC, PLC s khi ng bng ti tip theo
n cun thp n, v khi cun thp ra khi vng cm bin ca mi bng ti th PLC
s ra lnh dng bng ti sau n tit kim nng lng.
Trnh t lm vic ca h nh sau:
Khi nt Start c n ng c D5 c khi ng v h bt u lm vic
Khi S5=ON  Khi ng D4
S3 t ON chuyn xung OF dng D4
Khi S4=On  Khi ng D3
S2 t ON chuyn xung OF dng D3
Trang 110 / 178

H Tt Thng

Khi S3=On  Khi ng D2


S1 t ON chuyn xung OF dng D2
Khi S2=On  Khi ng D1
S1 chuyn xung OF sau 10s dng D1.
Khi Nt Stop c n xung dng D5

D. Cc bc thc hnh
- Tm hiu k yu cu cng ngh nu trn, phn tch u im ca h thng v cch lm
vic ca h.
- Lit k cc u v ra : 7du vo, 6 u ra  Chon PLC CPM1A- 20CDR,
- Phn cng vo ra cho PLC : c thc hin c dng theo tn gi :
Vo PLC
000 Start
001 S1
002 S2
003 S3
004 S4
006 - Stop

Ra PLC
1005: ng c D5 lm vic
1004: ng c D4
1003: ng c D3
1002: ng c D2
1001: ng c D1

Dng lu chng trnh :

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Trang 111 / 178

Mt dng khc ca lu chng trnh :

Trang 112 / 178

H Tt Thng

Dich lu sang gin thang:

Lp trnh gin thang vo PLC


- Ni PLC vi b lp trnh cm tay v Xo PassWord : Clr -> Montre -> Clr
- Xo ton b chng trnh c :
Kho chuyn ch d Program sau bm ln lt cc phm:
Clr -> Set -> Not -> Reset -> Montre -> Clr , Clr.
- Lp trnh bng cch kho ch Program v nh mW lnh sau:
Bc

MW lnh

Ch s

00
01
02
005

LD

000

H Tt Thng

Ch thch
[Write]

//Start

Trang 113 / 178

+ Chuyn PLC v ch Monitor


- Chy kim tra chng trnh bng cch a tn hiu vo PLC - Bt cng tc CT0 cho
u vo 000 - ON, xem trng thi u ra trn PLC v trn mn hnh Consol bng cch
bt v tt dn cc cng tc CT5, CT4, CT3, CT2, CT1, tng t nh qu trnh dch
chuyn ca sn phm trn cc bng ti.
- Xem v kim tra trng thi u ra trn PLC v trn Consol :

Kho t ch Monitor

a tn hiu vo PLC v theo di trng thi trn mn hnh Consol

- Lp trnh gin thang trn bng phn mm my tnh v kim tra.


- Chuyn chng trnh gin thang trn sang gin thang lp trnh cho PLC ca
SIEMENS.
- Lp trnh v th nghim trn PLC ca SIEMENS - nh thc hnh 10.
- Ni PLC vi thit b thc hoc m hnh ( nu c ).
- Chy kim tra ton b h thng - vit bo co nhn xt kt qu.
E. Cu hi cui bi hc
- Gii thch ni dung quan st c trong thc hnh 10.
- Thay mch t duy tr bng mch KEEP(11); hoc mch ---| S |---; --| R| --.
- Phn tch tnh ng n ca 2 lu chng trnh W nu, rut ra phng php dng lu
chng trnh cho cc bi ton cng nghip.
- Gii thch s khc nhau gia gia cc chng trnh gin thang ca PLC OMRON,
v PLC ca SIEMENS c im khc nhau ca chng trnh.
F. S ni thit b:

Trang 114 / 178

H Tt Thng

PLC02-19

Cc LNH C BN - Lnh MOV


A. Mc ch yu cu
- Bit c cc nh ngha v lnh MOV
- Bit c cc thng s v c Im lm vic ca cc mch MOV
- Ung dng phc v cc h thng cng nghip.
B. Chun bi :
- Mt s loi PLC hin c - OMRON, SIEMENS, DELTA, ABB.
- Modul o to PLC ti thiu, Hoc modul y .
- Tht b lp trnh cho PLC, Cp ghp ni, b lp trnh cm tay.
- My tnh v phn mm lp trnh.
C. Kin thc lin quan
+ nh ngha :
PLC Omron :

MOV(21)

PLC Siemens :
MOV_B, MOV_R, MOV_W, MOV_DW.
- Khi u vo iu khin trng thi ON, Lnh MOV(21); MOV_B, MOV_R,
MOV_W, MOV_DWChuyn s liu ca mt knh hoc mt hng s n mt knh
ch.
+ Gin thang PLC ca OMRON :

H Tt Thng

Trang 115 / 178

+ Gin thang PLC -S7200

D. Cc bc thc hnh
- Ni dy theo s .
- Ni PLC vi thit b lp trnh Consol bt ngun.
- Xo PassWord : Clr -> Montre -> Clr
- Xo ton b chng trnh c :
Kho chuyn ch d Program sau bm ln lt cc phm:
Clr -> Set -> Not -> Reset -> Montre -> Clr , Clr.
- Lp trnh bng cch kho ch Program v nh mW lnh chng trnh

Trang 116 / 178

H Tt Thng

- Chuyn PLC v ch Monitor


- Chy kim tra chng trnh bng cch a tn hiu vo PLC - Bt cng tc CT0,
CT1,CT2, xem trng thi u ra trn PLC v trn mn hnh Consol bng cch n cc
phm
hin ra lnh cn xem trn mn hnh Cosol v xem kt qu .
- Xem trng thI u ra trn PLC v trn Consol :
Kho t ch Monitor
a tn hiu vo PLC v theo di trng thi trn mn hnh Consol

- Lp trnh PLC ca SIEMENS v kim tra chng trnh trn my tnh khi bt tt cc
u vo I0.0, I0.1, I0.2.
- So snh s lm vic tng tng t gia lnh MOV, v lnh MOV_B, MOV_R,
MOV_W, MOV_DW, Gia PLC ca OMRON v ca SIEMENS.
E. Cu hi cui bi hc
- Gii thch ni dung quan st c trong thc hnh 8, 9.
- Gii thch s ging v khc nhau gia cc lnh MOV.
F. S ni thit b:

H Tt Thng

Trang 117 / 178

PLC02-20

Cc lnh c bn
NG dng Lnh MOV - lu gi m li
A. Mc ch yu cu
- Bit c cc thng s v c im lm vic ca cc mch MOV
- Ung dng lu g mW li gip tm nguyn nhn h hng.
B. Chun bi :
- Mt s loi PLC hin c - OMRON, SIEMENS, DELTA, ABB.
- Modul o to PLC ti thiu, Hoc modul y .
- Tht b lp trnh cho PLC, Cp ghp ni, b lp trnh cm tay.
- My tnh v phn mm lp trnh.
C. L thuyt :
- bo v h thng, trong h iu khin dng PLC ngi ta thng dng cc cm bin
pht tn hiu bo ng cho PLC v d nh tn hiu qu p, qu nhit, qu dng,..Nhn
c tn hiu ny PLC s tc ng ngay mt trong cc u ra ca n bo ng v
ct cc thit b ra khi ngun gy ra s c . Lc ny cc tn hiu bo ng c th s
khng cn na song sa cha v khc phc s c cn phi lu li v c ra c
tn hiu no W gy ra bo ng .
- lm iu ny ngi ta thng dng lnh MOV lu gi mW li gip cho vic tm
nguyn nhn h hng v sa cha.Cc thanh ghi mW li phi c kh nng lu gi mW
li c khi mt in ( Tng t nh hp en ca my bay).
- Mt v d ng dng c thc hin trn PLC OMRON c gin thang nh di y:
u vo:
001 - Tn hiu qu p
002 - Tn hiu qu dng
003 - Tn hiu qu nhit
000 - Tn hiu xo

Trang 118 / 178

u ra:
1000 - Bo ng

H Tt Thng

+ Gin thang chng trnh bo ng bng PLC ca OMRON :

+ Gin thang chng trnh bo ng bng PLC -S7200

H Tt Thng

Trang 119 / 178

D. Cc bc thc hnh
- Ni dy theo s .
- Ni PLC - CPM1 vi thit b lp trnh Consol bt ngun.
- Xo PassWord : Clr -> Montre -> Clr
- Xo ton b chng trnh c :
Kho chuyn ch d Program sau bm ln lt cc phm:
Clr -> Set -> Not -> Reset -> Montre -> Clr , Clr.
- Lp trnh bng cch kho ch Program v nh mW lnh chng trnh
- Chuyn PLC v ch Monitor
-Chy kim tra chng trnh bng cch a tn hiu vo PLC - Bt cng tc CT0,
CT1,CT2, xem trng thi u ra trn PLC v trn mn hnh Consol bng cch n cc
phm
hin ra lnh cn xem trn mn hnh v xem kt qu .
- Xem trng thi u ra trn PLC v trn Consol :
Kho t ch Monitor
a tn hiu vo PLC v theo di trng thi trn mn hnh Consol

- Lp trnh PLC ca SIEMENS v kim tra chng trnh trn my tnh khi bt tt cc
u vo I0.0, I0.1, I0.2 I0.3.
- So snh s lm vic tng t gia lnh MOV, v lnh MOV_B, MOV_R, MOV_W,
MOV_DW, Gia PLC ca OMRON v ca SIEMENS.
E. Cu hi cui bi hc
- Gii thch ni dung quan st c trong thc hnh 8, 9.
- Gii thch s ging v khc nhau gia cc lnh MOV.
F. S ni thit b:

Trang 120 / 178

H Tt Thng

PLC02-21

Cc lnh c bn - Lnh so snh

A. Mc ch yu cu
Bit c cc nh ngha v lnh so snh CMP
Bit c cc thng s v c Im lm vic ca cc mch So snh
Ung dng phc v cc h thng cng nghip.
B. Chun bi :
Mt s loi PLC hin c - OMRON, SIEMENS, DELTA, ABB.
Modul o to PLC ti thiu, Hoc modul y .
Tht b lp trnh cho PLC, Cp ghp ni, b lp trnh cm tay.
My tnh v phn mm lp trnh.
C. Kin thc lin quan
+ nh ngha :
PLC Omron :

PLC Siemens :
PLC OMRON: Khi u vo iu khin trng thi ON, Lnh CMP(20) thc hin so
snh s liu ca mt knh CP1 vi s liu ca mt knh khc CP2 (hoc mt hng s),
Kt qu iu khin ON 3 tip im c bit 25505(CP1>CP2),
25506(=),
25507(CP1<CP2).
PLC S7-200: Lnh so snh biu din bng tip im c bit m gia tip im l
mt biu thc logic, lnh ny thc hin so snh s liu ca mt knh n1 vi mt knh
khc n2, hoc mt hng s, Kt qu nu tho mWn biu thc logic th tip im s ON.
+ Gin thang PLC ca OMRON:

H Tt Thng

Trang 121 / 178

+ V d lnh so snh ca PLC -S7 - 200

D. Cc bc thc hnh
1. Ni dy theo s .
2. Ni PLC vi thit b lp trnh Consol bt ngun.
3. Xo PassWord : Clr -> Montre -> Clr
4. Xo ton b chng trnh c :

Kho chuyn ch d Program sau bm ln lt cc phm:

Clr -> Set -> Not -> Reset -> Montre -> Clr , Clr.

5. Lp trnh bng cch kho ch Program v nh mW lnh chng trnh kt

hp lnh MOV trong bi 20 chuyn gi tr 1; 2; 3 vo thanh ghi HR00 v kim


tra tc ng ca lnh so snh CMP(20).

6. Chuyn PLC v ch Monitor


7. Chy kim tra chng trnh bng cch a tn hiu vo PLC - Bt cng tc CT0,

CT1,CT2, xem trng thi u ra trn PLC v trn mn hnh Consol bng cch n
phm
hin ra lnh cn xem v xem kt qu .

8. Xem trng thI u ra trn PLC v trn Consol :

Kho t ch Monitor

a tn hiu vo PLC v theo di trng thi trn mn hnh Consol

9. Lp trnh tng t vi PLC ca SIEMENS v kim tra chng trnh trn my tnh

khi bt tt cc u vo I0.0, I0.1, I0.2.


E. Cu hi cui bi hc
10. Gii thch ni dung quan st c trong thc hnh 8, 9.
11. Gii thch s ging v khc nhau gia cc lnh so snh .

Trang 2 / 178

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F. S ni thit b:

H Tt Thng

Trang 3 / 178

PLC02- 22

Cc LNH C BN - Lnh cng, lnh tr

A. Mc ch yu cu
1. Bit c cc nh ngha v lnh cng, tr.
2. Bit c cc thng s v c im lm vic ca cc mch cng tr.
3. Ung dng phc v cc h thng cng nghip.
B. Chun bi :
1. Mt s loi PLC hin c - OMRON, SIEMENS, DELTA, ABB.
2. Modul o to PLC ti thiu, Hoc modul y .
3. Tht b lp trnh cho PLC, Cp ghp ni, b lp trnh cm tay.
4. My tnh v phn mm lp trnh.
C. L thuyt :
+ nh ngha :
PLC Omron :

PLC Siemens :

PLC OMRON :
Lnh cng: Mi khi u vo iu khin chuyn t OF ln ON, Lnh ADD(30) thc
hin cng s liu ca mt knh Au vi s liu ca mt knh khc Ad (hoc mt hng
s), Kt qu knh th 3 knh R. ( S liu y di dng mW BCD. ).
Lnh tr: Mi khi u vo iu khin chuyn t OF ln ON, Lnh SUB(31) thc hin
tr s liu ca knh Mi vi s liu ca mt knh khc Su (hoc mt hng s), Kt qu
knh th 3 knh R. ( S liu y di dng mW BCD. ).
[Tng t lnh nhn MUL(32), lnh DIV(33)].
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PLC S7-200:
Lnh cng : thc hin php tnh :

IN1 + IN2 = OUT

Lnh tr

IN1 - IN2 = OUT

: Thc hin php tnh:

Trong :
- i vi php cng tr s nguyn I: IN!, IN2, OUT l cc bin s nguyn 16 bit.
- i vi php cng tr s nguyn doudouble _D I: IN!, IN2, OUT l cc bin s
nguyn 32 bit.
- i vi php cng tr s thc R: IN!, IN2, OUT l cc bin s thc, hoc hng s
thc..
- Gin thang th nghim PLC ca OMRON :

+ Gin thang tng t PLC -S7200

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Trang 5 / 178

D. Cc bc thc hnh
1. Ni dy theo s .
2. Ni PLC vi thit b lp trnh Consol bt ngun.
3. Xo PassWord : Clr -> Montre -> Clr
4. Xo ton b chng trnh c :
5. Kho chuyn ch d Program sau bm ln lt cc phm:
6. Clr -> Set -> Not -> Reset -> Montre -> Clr , Clr.
7. Lp trnh bng cch kho ch Program v nh mW lnh chng trnh
8. Chuyn PLC v ch Monitor
9. Chy kim tra chng trnh bng cch a tn hiu vo PLC - Bt cng tc CT0,
CT1,CT2, xem trng thi u ra trn PLC v trn mn hnh Consol bng cch n
phm
hin ra lnh cn xem trn mn hnh Cosol v xem kt qu .
10. Xem trng thI u ra trn PLC v trn Consol :
Kho t ch Monitor
a tn hiu vo PLC v theo di trng thi trn mn hnh Consol

11. Lp trnh bng my tnh v kim tra chng trnh trn my tnh trong ch chy

m phng.
E. Cu hi cui bi hc
12. Gii thch ni dung quan st c trong thc hnh 8, 9.
13. Gii thch s ging v khc nhau gia cc lnh ton hc.

Trang 6 / 178

H Tt Thng

PLC02- 23

Cc lnh c bn
ng dng iu khin bi xe t ng

A. Mc ch yu cu
1. Bit c cc ng dng lnh cng, tr.
2. Lp trnh ng dng iu khin bWi xe t ng..
B. Chun bi :
1. Modul o to PLC ti thiu, Hoc modul y .
2. Tht b lp trnh cho PLC, Cp ghp ni, b lp trnh cm tay.
3. My tnh v phn mm lp trnh.
C. L thuyt :
- iu khin cc bWi xe t ng ln ngi ta dng cc cm bin pht hin xe
vo v ra . Mi khi cm bin xe vo bo c mt xe vo b PLC xe cng thm mt n
v vo b m.
- Mi khi c mt xe ra b PLC s tr mt n v vo b m.
- Khi tng s xe bng dung lng ca bWi PLC s ra lnh Stop bo y khng cho xe
vo na. S nh hnh di

H Tt Thng

Trang 7 / 178

+ Gin thang th nghim PLC ca OMRON :

D. Cc bc thc hnh
1. Ni dy theo s .
2. Ni PLC vi thit b lp trnh Consol bt ngun.
3. Xo PassWord : Clr -> Montre -> Clr
4. Xo ton b chng trnh c :
Kho chuyn ch d Program sau bm ln lt cc phm:
Clr -> Set -> Not -> Reset -> Montre -> Clr , Clr.
5. Lp trnh bng cch kho ch Program v nh mW lnh chng trnh
6. Chuyn PLC v ch Monitor
7. Chy kim tra chng trnh bng cch a tn hiu vo PLC - Bt cng tc CT0,
CT1,CT2, xem trng thi u ra trn PLC v trn mn hnh Consol bng cch n
phm
hin ra lnh cn xem trn mn hnh Cosol v xem kt qu .
8. Xem trng thI u ra trn PLC v trn Consol :
9. Kho t ch Monitor
10. a tn hiu vo PLC v theo di trng thi trn mn hnh Consol

Trang 8 / 178

H Tt Thng

11. Lp trnh v kim tra chng trnh trn my tnh khi bt tt cc u vo 000, 001,

v xem kt qu trn u ra.


E. Cu hi cui bi hc
12. Gii thch ni dung quan st c trong thc hnh 8, 9.
13. Gii thch s ging v khc nhau gia cc lnh MOV.
F. S ni thit b:

F. Ph lc: Lp trnh v chy m phng trn: S7_200 simulation

Hinh 23.4 Mo phng bng S7_200 Simulation


H Tt Thng

Trang 9 / 178

PLC02- 24

Lnh c bn - cng tr
ng dng o tui th dao ct.
A. Mc ch yu cu
1. Bit c cc ng dng lnh cng, tr.
2. Lp trnh ng dng o bo tui th dao ct.
B. Chun bi :
1. Mt s loi PLC hin c - OMRON, SIEMENS, DELTA, ABB.
2. Modul o to PLC ti thiu, Hoc modul y .
3. Tht b lp trnh cho PLC, Cp ghp ni, b lp trnh cm tay.
4. My tnh v phn mm lp trnh.
C. L thuyt :
Mt dao dng ct 3 loi sn phm khc nhau A, B, C.
Cn phi bo thay dao sau 1000 ln ct sn phm A.
Cn phi bo thay dao sau 500 ln ct sn phm B.
Cn phi bo thay dao sau 100 ln ct sn phm C.
Tuy nhin cc sn phm a vo ct rt bt thng, lc th A, khi th B, Khi th C. Cn
phi bo thay dao khi no.

+ Nhn xt: Nu ly s ln ct sn phm A lm n v ta thy:


Mt ln ct sn phm B bng 2 ln ct sn phm A.
Mi ln ct sn phm C bng 10 ln ct sn phm A.
Dng 3 cm bin sn phm pht hin sn phm a vo ct nh hnh 1 v thc hin
php cng nh sau : mi khi sn phm A a vo ct b m bng PLC s cng 1 ln,
mi ln sn phm B a vo ct s ccng 2 ln, v mi ln sn phm C a vo cng
10. Khi s ln cng bng 1000 bo thay dao.
Trang 10 / 178

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+ Phn cng vo ra cho PLC :


u vo:

u ra:

000 Start

1000 - Ct

001 - Cm bin sn phm

A1001 - Bo thay dao

002 - Cm bin sn phm B


003 - Cm bin sn phm C
005 - Cm bin kt thc qu trnh ct
Gin thang th nghim PLC ca OMRON :

D. Cc bc thc hnh
1. Tm hiu yu cu cng ngh
2. Lit k cc u vo ra, chn PLC
3. Phn cng vo ra.
4. Lp lu chng trnh
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Trang 11 / 178

5. Dch lu sang gin thang


6. Lp trnh gin thang vo PLC .

Ni PLC vi thit b lp trnh Consol bt ngun.


Xo PassWord : Clr -> Montre -> Clr
Xo ton b chng trnh c :
Kho chuyn ch d Program sau bm ln lt cc phm:
Clr -> Set -> Not -> Reset -> Montre -> Clr , Clr.
Lp trnh bng cch kho ch Program v nh mW lnh chng trnh
7. Chuyn PLC v ch Monitor
8. Chy kim tra chng trnh bng cch a tn hiu vo PLC - Bt cng tc CT0,
CT1,CT2,CT3, tng t qu trnh lm vic. xem trng thi u ra trn PLC v
trn mn hnh Consol
9. Xem trng thI u ra trn PLC v trn Consol :
Kho t ch Monitor
a tn hiu vo PLC v theo di trng thi trn mn hnh Consol

10. Lp trnh PLC v kim tra chng trnh trn my tnh khi bt tt cc u vo
11. Kt thc vit bo co.

E. Cu hi cui bi hc
12. Gii thch ni dung quan st c trong thc hnh 8, 9.
13. Gii thch s ging v khc nhau gia cc lnh cng tr.
F. S ni thit b:

Trang 12 / 178

H Tt Thng

PLC03- 25

K thut lp trnh
iu khin ROBOT cng nghip
A. Mc ch yu cu
1. Nm c k thut lp trnh ghi dch.
2. Lp trnh Ung dng iu khin ROBOT cng nghip.
B. Chun bi :
1. Mt s loi PLC hin c - OMRON, SIEMENS, DELTA, ABB.
2. Modul o to PLC ti thiu, Hoc modul y .
3. Tht b lp trnh cho PLC, Cp ghp ni, b lp trnh cm tay.
4. My tnh v phn mm lp trnh.
C. L thuyt :
1. K thut lp trnh:
lp trnh cho PLC c mt s phng php sau:
Lp trnh tuyn tnh ngha l ton b chng trnh c thc hin theo mt trnh t t
trn xung di phng php ny thch hp cho cc bi ton thc hin chui cc cng
vic ni tip nhau. Cc phng php lp trnh thng dng cho bi ton ny c cc
hWng sn xut PLC gii thiu gm c phng php s dng k thu ghi dich; hoc
phng php thang bc, chng ta s nghin cu di y.
Mt phng php khc l lp trnh c cu trc c hWng SIEMENS xy dng rt c
a chung trong phn mm lp trnh Microwin v c tnh d s dng ca n. Theo
phng php ny mi chng trnh u c phn thnh 3 phn chnh nh sau :

Phn chng trnh chnh - Main Program y l phn chng trnh qun l v
iu hnh chung trong c cc lnh gi v iu hnh n cc chng trnh con.
Phn cc chng trnh con - Sub Program y l cc chng trnh con, mi
chng trnh thc hin mt nhim v iu khin c th v c gi ra v thc
hin bi cc cu lnh trong chng trnh chnh. Khi gp cu lnh gi, chng
trnh chnh s tm dng v chuyn sang thc hin cc lnh trong chng trnh
con. Khi kt thc cng vic chng trnh li quay li tip tc thc hin cc
nhim v tip theo trong chng trnh chnh.
Phn cc chng trnh ngt - Interup Program y l Cc chng trnh con lm
nhim v c bit ( thng phc v vo ra s liu tc ng nhanh ). Khi c tn
hiu ngt - (cc s kin ngt W dc khai bo t trc), chng trnh s dng
ngay cc cng vic ang thc hin v nhy n chng trnh con ngt thc hin
cc nhim v trong trng trnh ngt ny. Khi kt thc chng trnh li quay li
thc hin tip cc cng vic ang b b d trong chng trnh chnh.
Cu trc chng trnh nh sau :

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Trang 13 / 178

Cc chng trnh con v chng trnh ngt c vit ngay sau chng rtnh chnh.
2. K thui ghi dch.
lp trnh cho cc bi ton tun t hWng OMRON gii thiu mt phng php kh
hiu qu l phng php ghi dch. Vi nguyn l nh sau :
T mt bi ton bt k no u c th phn thnh cc bi ton n v, mi bi ton
n v gm cc bc cng vic ni tip nhau, vic chuyn t cng vic ny sang cng
vic khc l c iu kin. p dng k thut ghi dch gii cc bi ton ny - (S dng
b ghi dch) chng ta s gii c bi ton ra.
V d bi ton iu khin ROBOT cng nghip nh sau.
+ M t cng ngh :
Ro bot lm nhim v gp cc vt t bng ti A chuyn sang bng ti B. Trnh t lm vic
nh sau Khi nt Sat c n :
Robot quay thun --- Chm cm bin S1 dng quay thun
Cho bng A chy --- Khi cm bin vt On dng bng A
Ra lnh Kp vt --- Khi cm bin kep ON
Robot quay ngc- - Chm cm bin S2 dng quay ngc
Th kep
-- Cm bin kep thi tc ng OF
Qu trnh lai lp li

Trang 14 / 178

H Tt Thng

D. Cc bc thc hnh
1. Tm hiu k yu cu cng ngh nu trn, phn tch u im ca h thng v cch
lm vic ca h.
2. Lit k cc u v ra : 7du vo, 6 u ra  Chon PLC CPM1A- 20CDR,
3. Phn cng vo ra cho PLC : c thc hin c dng theo tn gi :
4. Dng lu chng trnh :

H Tt Thng

Trang 15 / 178

43.Dich lu sang gin thang:

+ Lp trnh gin thang vo PLC


1. Ni PLC vi b lp trnh cm tay v Xo PassWord : Clr -> Montre -> Clr
2. Xo ton b chng trnh c :
Kho chuyn ch d Program sau bm ln lt cc phm:
Clr -> Set -> Not -> Reset -> Montre -> Clr , Clr.
3. Lp trnh bng cch kho ch Program v nh mW lnh chng trnh:
4. Chuyn PLC v ch Monitor
5. Chy kim tra chng trnh bng cch a tn hiu vo PLC - Bt tt cng tc
CT0 cho u ra 1000 - On Start, xem trng thi cc u ra trn PLC v trn mn
hnh Consol bng cch bt v tt dn cc cng tc CT1, CT2, CT3, CT4, tng t
nh qu trnh lm vic ca ROBOT.
6. Lp trnh gin thang trn bng phn mm my tnh v kim tra.

Trang 16 / 178

H Tt Thng

Chuyn chng trnh gin thang trn sang gin thang lp trnh cho PLC
ca SIEMENS.
8. Lp trnh v th nghim trn PLC ca SIEMENS - nh thc hnh 10.
9. Ni PLC vi thit b thc hoc m hnh ( nu c ).
10. Chy kim tra ton b h thng - vit bo co nhn xt kt qu.
7.

E. Cu hi cui bi hc
11. Gii thch ni dung quan st c trong thc hnh 10.
12. Phn tch tnh ng n ca lu chng trnh W nu, rut ra phng php dng
lu chng trnh cho cc bi ton cng nghip.
13. Gii thch s khc nhau gia gia cc chng trnh gin thang ca PLC
OMRON, v PLC ca SIEMENS c im khc nhau ca chng trnh.
F. S ni thit b:

H Tt Thng

Trang 17 / 178

PLC03- 26

K thut ghi dch


iu khin trm trn b tng
A. Mc ch yu cu
1. Nm c k thut lp trnh ghi dch.
2. Lp trnh Ung dng iu khin trm trn t ng.
B. Chun bi :
1. Modul o to PLC ti thiu, Hoc modul y .
2. Tht b lp trnh cho PLC, Cp ghp ni, b lp trnh cm tay.
3. My tnh v phn mm lp trnh.
C. L thuyt :
+ M t cng ngh :
Trong sn xut ra b tng nha dng ri ng ngi ta thng dng cc trm trn b
tng, mt trong cc kiu trm c cu trc nh hnh v

Qu trnh lm vic c m t nh sau:


Vt liu c cha trong cc phu cha l Ct, , Ph gia s c xung thng cn
liu qua cc ca c iu khin bng van kh nn kiu piston xi lanh. Nha c a
n t ng ng qua van V.cn nha vo bnh cn nha.
Trang 18 / 178

H Tt Thng

Thit b cn c p dng trong kiu tram DONGSUNG l kiu cn c kh, khi lng
vt liu qua h n by s lm quay kim ng ch khi lng cn c. Trn mt chia
c cc kim tnh cho php t gi tr tc ng nh hnh 25-2. Khi kim ng v kim
tnh "chm nhau" s tc ng ng tip im bo khi lng W cn c bng gi tr
t.
Qua trnh cn liu c thc hin theo nguyn tc cng dn.
Qu trnh lm vic t ng c m t nh su :
Sau khi n nt Sart :
M van Cn ct --- cn Ct dng.

//Cn nha -> dng

M van cn --- cn dng

//Cn nha -> dng

M van cn P.gia ----> cn P.gia dng.

//Cn nha -> dng

X cn , x nha (+ iu kin an ton) - n khi cn liu = 0, nha = 0.


Trn 45 giy
X trn chm S1 dng.
i 5s ch x ht
ng thng trn cho n khi chm S2
Kt thc mt chu k cn trn v qu trnh li lp li nu cha s m.

D. Cc bc thc hnh
1. Tm hiu k yu cu cng ngh nu trn, phn tch u im ca h thng v cch

lm vic ca h.

2. Lit k cc u vo v ra :
3. 9 u vo, 8 u ra  Chon PLC CPM1A- 20CDR,
4. Phn cng vo ra cho PLC : c thc hin c dng theo tn gi :
5. Dng lu chng trnh :

H Tt Thng

Trang 19 / 178

Trang 20 / 178

H Tt Thng

6. Dich lu sang gin thang:

Lp trnh gin thang vo PLC


1. Ni PLC vi b lp trnh cm tay v Xo PassWord : Clr -> Montre -> Clr
2. Xo ton b chng trnh c :
3. Kho chuyn ch d Program sau bm ln lt cc phm:
4. Clr -> Set -> Not -> Reset -> Montre -> Clr , Clr.
5. Lp trnh bng cch kho ch Program v nh mW lnh chng trnh:
6. Chuyn PLC v ch Monitor
7. Chy kim tra chng trnh bng cch a tn hiu vo PLC - Bt tt cng tc CT0

cho u ra 1000 - On Start, xem trng thi cc u ra trn PLC v trn mn hnh

H Tt Thng

Trang 21 / 178

Consol bng cch bt v tt dn cc cng tc CT1, CT2, CT3, CT4, tng t nh


qu trnh lm vic ca trm.
8. Lp trnh gin thang trn bng phn mm my tnh v kim tra.
9. Chuyn chng trnh gin thang trn sang gin thang lp trnh cho PLC ca

SIEMENS.

10. Lp trnh v th nghim trn PLC ca SIEMENS - nh thc hnh 10.


11. Ni PLC vi thit b thc hoc m hnh ( nu c ).
12. Chy kim tra ton b h thng - vit bo co nhn xt kt qu.

E. Cu hi cui bi hc
1. Gii thch ni dung quan st c trong thc hnh 10.
2. Phn tch tnh ng n ca lu chng trnh W nu, rut ra phng php dng

lu chng trnh cho cc bi ton cng nghip.

3. Gii thch s khc nhau gia gia cc chng trnh gin thang ca PLC

OMRON, v PLC ca SIEMENS c im khc nhau ca chng trnh.

4. m bo khng hai m cn vo thng trn ta dng thm tip im .kin -

102. iu khin tip im ny nh th no ? Khi khi ng ln u.

5. nng cao nng xut lm vic ca trm th lm th no, nu gii php v chng

trnh hon thin.

F. S ni thit b:

Trang 22 / 178

H Tt Thng

PLC04- 27

iu khin lin tc
o v hin th nhit
A. Mc ch yu cu
1. Nm c nguyn l o lng v iu khin lin tc bng PLC.
2. Lp trnh ng dng o v hin th nhit bng PLC - S7-200.
B. Chun bi :
1. Modul o to PLC ti thiu, Hoc modul y - S7-200-CPU215.
2. M un EM235, Can nhit PT100. Nhit k o nhit .
3. Tht b lp trnh cho PLC, Cp ghp ni.
4. My tnh v phn mm lp trnh.
C. L thuyt :
+ Gii thiu chung:
- Ngoi kh nng iu khin Logic - ON hoc OF, th mt trong nhng kh nng m
rng ca PLC l c kh nng o lng v iu khin lin tc ngha l tn hiu vo v
ra ca PLC l cc tn hiu lin tc Analog. Cc tn hiu ny c th thay i lin tc
trong di o t ( 0 n 5V; t 0 n 10Vol; + - 5Vol; + - 10 Vol; 0 n 20mA; 4 n
20mA) tu theo yu cu bin i vo ra.
- a cc tn hiu ny vo PLC l thit b s l s - my tnh cc PLC phi s dng
thm khi m rng A/D lm chc nng bin i tn hiu tng t (Analog) u vo
thnh s (Digital) a vo PLC v s dng khi m rng D/A lm chc nng bin i
tn hiu s (Digital) thnh tn hiu tng t (Analog) u ra.
+ S khi ghp ni nh sau :

Mt trong cc m un m rng l m un EM235 ca hng SIEMENS.

H Tt Thng

Trang 23 / 178

+ M un EM235 ca hng SIEMENS :

- Cc thng s ca m un gm :

03 knh vo Analog - bin i A/D 12 bit gm cc u vo :A+ A-, B+ B-, C+ C-,


01 knh ra Analog - bin i A/D 12 bit. Gm cc u ra Uo ra in p, Io ra
dng in.

+ Gii thiu v th nghim v chng trnh :


Tham kho
Chng trnh v d: o nhit v hin th nhit ch nh bng cch dng khi m
rng EM235, trong c mt knh khi analog, c cm bin nhit l PT 100 c ni vo
khi.
Chuyn i nhit c thuc hien thng qua in tr ca PT100 sang in p, u ra
analog cua PLC c s dng l ngun dng. Ngun u ra cp cho cm bin PT100 vi
dng c nh l 12,5 mA. Vi mch ny, mt in p tuyn tnh u vo 5mV/o C s c
sinh ra. Khi EM235 chuyn i in p ny sang gi tr s m chng trnh s cp nht lin
tc. T gi tr c c ny, chng trnh s tnh ra nhit bng cng thc:

T[C] = (Digital Value) - (0C-Offset)


(1C-Value)
Digital Value l gi tr c cha trong AIWx (x = 0,2,4)
0oC Offset l gi tr s o c 0oC, trong trng hp ny l 4000
1oC Value l gi tr thay i khi nhit tng c 1oC. Trong v d ny l 16
Chng trnh s tnh gi tr n 1 s sau du phy thp phn v hin th kt qu Nhit
= xxx.xoC ra mn hnh TD 200. Trong phn khi to ca chng trnh, ngi dng c
th nhp vo gi tr gii hn nhit cao v thp. Chng trnh s hin th gi tr nhit o
c v a ra cnh bo nu gi tr vt ra ngoi khong gii hn thng qua mn hnh
TD 200. Thng bo Nhit > xxx.x oC s xut hin dng th 2 ca mn hnh nu nhit
ln hn nhit gii hn trn. V thng bo Nhit < xxx.x oC s c hin ra nu
nhit o c gim xung di mc gii hn nhit thp.

Trang 24 / 178

H Tt Thng

S u ni thit b c cho di y:

Lu chng trnh:

H Tt Thng

Trang 25 / 178

M t chng trnh:
Cm bin nhit :
PT 100 l thit b pht hin nhit bng in tr bch kim, di nhit thch hp s
dng thit b ny l t -60 n 400 oC.
Tnh ton ngun cp cho PT100
PT100 c gi tr in tr l 100 nhit l 0oC. in tr ny thay i tuyn tnh
vi nhit vi t l xp x 0,4 / oC

sinh ra mt in p 5 mV/ oC, mt ngun dng 12,5 mA c cp cho PT 100.


phn gii u ra analog l 10uA/ 1 n v. V th, gi tr to ra dng 12,5 mA l 1250.
Do vng nh cho u ra analog AQW l 16 bt. Do vy, phi np ra vng nh ny gi tr l
20000 c th to ra dng in 12,5 mA u ra Io.
20mA tng ng vi gi tr 32000. Do , (32000/20mA * 12.5mA = 20000)

S u ni khi EM235
Cng tc thit lp cho module EM235 chn ch 0 10 V c b tr nh sau:
1

11

ON

OFF

OFF

OFF

ON

OFF

Ph thuc vo s knh c s dng trong module EM235, a ch tng ng ca


cc vng nh u vo s l
Trang 26 / 178

H Tt Thng

AIW0 knh vo 1 AIW2 knh vo 2 AIW4 knh vo 3


AQW0 knh ra 1
Nhng u vo khng dng ca EM235 phi c ni ngn mch.

Main Program - Chng trnh chnh


// o nhit v hin th ln mn hnh TD 200
SM0.1
1

MOV_DW

EN

K0IN

MOV_W

EN

MOV_W

EN

MOV_W

EN

MOV_W

EN

MOV_W

EN

OUTVD196

K16IN

OUTVW250

K4000IN

OUTVW252

K300IN

OUTVW260

K200IN

OUTVW262

K20000IN

OUTAQW0

LD

SM0.1

// Vng qut u tin

MOVD

0, VD196

// xa VW196 v VW198

MOVW

16, VW250

// ly gi tr chnh 1C = 16 a vo VW250

MOVW

4000, VW252

// ly gi tr ti 0C = 4000 a vo VW252

H Tt Thng

Trang 27 / 178

MOVW

300, VW260

// Gii hn nhit cao 30C

MOVW

200, VW262

// Gii hn nhit thp 20C

MOVW

20000, AQW0

// To dng Io

SM0.0
2

SUB_I

EN

DIV

EN

VW200IN1 OUTVD198

VW250IN2

MUL

EN

DIV

EN

VW198IN1 OUTVD196

VW250IN2

MOV_W

AIW4IN1 OUTVW200
VW252IN2

K10IN1 OUTVD196
VW198IN2

EN

MOV_W

VW198IN

OUTVW160

EN

K0IN

MUL

EN

ADD_I

EN

Trang 28 / 178

OUTVW198

K10IN1 OUTVD198
VW200IN2

H Tt Thng

VW160IN1 OUTVW200

VW200IN2

MOV_W

EN

VW200IN

OUTVW116

V12.7

K1
S

LD

SM0.0

// Lun lun cp nht gi tr o c

MOVW

AIW4, VW200

// Chuyn gi tr o c vo VW200

-I

VW252, VW200

// Tr i gi tr o c ti 0oC

DIV

VW250, VD198

// Chia cho chnh tng ng 1oC

MUL

10, VD196

// Phn d x 10

DIV

VW250, VD196

// 10 x Phn d / 30 = 1 s sau du phy

MOVW

VW198, VW160

// lu li s sau du phy

MOVW

0, VW198

// xa VW198

MUL

10, VD198

// Gi tr nhit x10

+I

VW160, VW200

// Gi tr nhit X10 + 1 s sau du phy

MOVW

VW200, VW116

// chuyn kt qu ra VW116 hin th trn TD200

V12.7, 1

// Bt thng bo 1

VW200

VW260

V12.6

>= W (

EN

Q0.0

K1
R

MOV_W

VW260IN

OUTVW136

LDW>=

VW200, VW260

// Nu vt qu gii hn nhit cao

V12.6

// Hin thng bo 2

Q0.0, 1

// Tt l

MOVW

VW260, VW136

// Chuyn gi tr gii hn nhit cao ra VW136 hin ln TD 200

H Tt Thng

Trang 29 / 178

VW200

VW262

V12.5

<= W (

EN

Q0.0

K1
S

MOV_W

VW262IN

OUTVW156

LDW<=

VW200, VW262

// Nu nhit gim xung di mc thp

V12.5

// Hin thng bo 3

Q0.0, 1

// Bt l

MOVW

VW262, VW156

// Chuyn gi tr gii hn nhit thp ra VW156 hin ln TD200

( MEND

MEND

// Kt thc chng trnh

Data Block DB1 (V Memory):


//y l khi thng s cho TD 200 iu khin vic c, hin th thng bo vi gi tr c cp nht
ca nhit o v cnh bo vi gi tr gii hn nu c.
// Bt u khi TD200_BLOCK 0
// (Nhng ch thch trong on chng trnh ny khng nn b i )
VB0

'TD'

// TD 200 ch nh

VB2

16#10

// Chn ngn ng l ting Anh, cp nht nhanh nht c th

VB3

16#00

// Chn ch hin th 20 k t, phm tng l V3.2, phm gim l V3.3

VB4

// S lng thng bo

VB5

// Cc phm chc nng t M0.0 n M0.7

VW6

100

// a ch bt u ca thng bo l VW100

VW8

12

// Byte cho php hin th cc thng bo l VW12

// MESSAGE 1
// Bit cho php hin th l V12.7
VB100 'Temperature = "
VB114 16#00

// Khng thay i; Khng xc nhn; Khng mt khu;

VB115 16#31

// Unsigned Word; 1 Digits to the right of the decimal;

VW116
Trang 30 / 178

16#00

// Chuyn d liu vo vng nh ny hin th nhit hin ti


H Tt Thng

VB118 "oC'
// MESSAGE 2
// Message Enable Bit V12.6
VB120 'Temperature > '
VB134 16#00

// Khng sa i, xc nhn v mt khu

VB135 16#31

// O nh dng s thc khng du, 1 ch s sau du phy

VW136

// Chuyn d liu v nhit gii hn mc cao vo y hin th

16#00

VB138 'oC'
// MESSAGE 3
// Message Enable Bit V12.5
VB140 'Temperature < '
VB154 16#00

// Khng sa i, xc nhn v mt khu

VB155 16#31

// O nh dng s thc khng du, 1 ch s sau du phy

VW156

16#00

// Chuyn nhit gii hn v mc thp vo y hin th

VB158 'oC'
// Kt thc TD200_BLOCK 0

D. Cc bc thc hnh
1. Tm hiu k yu cu cng ngh nu trn, phn tch dac im ca h thng v cch

lm vic ca h.

2. Lit k cc u v ra :
3. Phn cng vo ra cho PLC : c thc hin c dng theo tn gi :
4. Dng lu chng trnh :
5. Dich lu sang gin thang:
6. Lp trnh gin thang vo PLC
7.

Ni PLC va cac thiet bi theo so do hinh 7-3

8. Chy kim tra chng trnh bng cch do nhiet do thuc tai dau do v kiem tra
9. Hien thi tren man hinh may tinh va tren TD - 200.
10. Chy kim tra ton b h thng - vit bo co nhn xt kt qu.

E. Cu hi cui bi hc
1. Gii thch ni dung quan st c trong thc hnh 8.
2. Gii thch s khc nhau gia gia kt qu o c bng PLC v bng nhit k thc,

nu phng n lp trnh chnh nh li kt qu o. c im khc nhau ca chng


trnh.

3. Lp trnh nh chun li kt qu o theo nhit k mu ?

H Tt Thng

Trang 31 / 178

PLC04- 28

iu khin lin tc - B iu khin PID


A. Mc ch yu cu
1. Nm c nguyn l b iu khin PID bng PLC.
2. Lp trnh ng dng iu khin qu trnh.
B. Chun bi :
1. Modul o to PLC ti thiu, Hoc m un y - S7-200-CPU215.
2. M un EM235.
3. Tht b lp trnh cho PLC, Cp ghp ni.
4. My tnh v phn mm lp trnh.
C. L thuyt :
Gii thiu chung: B iu khin PID bng PLC - S7-200 c s cu trc nh sau:

- Trong khi iu khin (phn trong ---- ) c thc hin bng phn t PLC - S7200-CPU215. M un A/D, D/A c thc hin bng khi m rng EM235.
- Tn hiu truyn trong h thng c c phn lin tc v phn s.
- H iu khin PID lin tc thc hin lut iu khin lin tc nh sau:
+ Lut iu khin PID :

Trong :
M(t) :

Tn hiu ra ca khi iu khin thi im (t).

Kc

H s khuch i ca b iu khin

e(t)

Sai lch gia tn hiu t v tn hiu phn hi t qu trnh.

Ti

Hng s thi gian tch phn

Minitial:

Gi tr ban u ca tch phn.

Td

Hng s thi gian vi phn.

Chuyn sang h iu khin s bng PLC cng thc (1) c th vit thnh :
Trang 32 / 178

H Tt Thng

Trong cng thc 2:


MPn: Thnh phn t l
MPn = Kc * ( SPn - PVn )
MPn:
Kc
SPn
PVn

Thnh phn t l trong tn hiu ra ti thi im n


h s khuch i
Tn hiu t tai thi im th n
Tn hiu ra ca qua trinh ti thi im th n

MIn: Thnh phn tch phn


MIn = Kc * Ts/Ti * ( SPn - PVn) + MX
Trong :
MIn: Thnh phn tch phn trong tn hiu ra ti thi im th n
Kc: H s khuch i
Ts: Chu k ct mu
Ti: Hng s thi gian tch phn
SPn: Gi tr t ti thi im th n
PVn: Gi tr ra ca qu trnh ti thi im th n
MX: Gi tr u ca tch phn - (gi tr ra ca PID ti thi im th n-1)
MDn : Thnh phn vi phn
MDn = Kc * Td/Ts * ( ( SPn- PVn ) - (SPn - PVn-1 ))
MDn = Kc * Td/Ts * ( PVn -1 - PVn )
Trong :
MDn:
Kc:
Td:
Ts:
SPn :
PVn:

Thnh phn vi phn trong tn hiu ra ti thi im th n


H s khuch i
Hng s thi gian vi phn
Chu k ct mu.
Gi tr t
Gi tr u ra ca qu trnh ti thi im th n

- Cc thnh phn ny cng cc tham s Kc, Ti, Td, Ts u c nh hng n cc c


tnh u ra ca qu trnh nh : n nh ca h thng, Sai s tnh-sai s trong ch
xc lp, qu iu chnh, Thi gian qu , s ln dao ng.v.v..Ngi hc nn
tham kho thm cc ti liu lin quan hon thin kin thc.
- Gii thiu v th nghim v chng trnh :

H Tt Thng

Trang 33 / 178

Tham kho:
- Chng trnh S7 200 di y ch l mt v d ngn v cch s dng PID thng qua v
d v iu khin mc nc trong b va m bo p sut va m bo nc trong
bnh khng b cn ht. Cu trc h thng nh hnh di y:

- Yu cu thit b iu khin: 01 PLC S7 200/ CPU 215; 216 tr ln v 01 khi EM 235 gm


c 3 u vo analog v mt u ra analog 12 bt
M t h thng:
- Trong h thng ny, mt b nc c dng khng ch p lc nc khng i. Nc
lin tc c ly ra t vi vi mt tc bt k. Bm c dng tng thm nc vo
b vi mt tc duy tr p sut cng nh mc nc trong bnh khng h xung qu
mc cho php.
- Gi tr t ca h thng l mc nc (trong v d ny l 75% b). i lng u vo ca
h thng l tn hiu do mt cm bin o mc a v thng qua u vo analog A+, A-. Tn
hiu a v c th thay i t 4 20mA tng ng vi 0 100% mc y ca b. Tn hiu
ra ca h thng l tn hiu in p c th thay i t 0 10 V dng iu khin tc
bm tng ng l 0 100% tc nh mc.
- Gi tr t c quyt nh bi ngi s dng v c a trc tip vo qu trnh. Trong
chng trnh ny, b iu khin s dng hai thng s l P v I, khng dng n D. Thi
gian ly mu l Ts = 0.1 giy, KC = 0.25 v Ti = 30 pht.
- Trc tin, b nc s c tip y nc cho n khi c 75%. Sau , van x s
c m ly nc t b v cng lc bm s c chuyn t ch iu khin bng
tay sang ch t ng.
- Trong qu trnh iu khin bng tay, tc bm c qui nh bi s thc lu ti VD108
nm trong khong 0.0 ti 1.0.
SBR0 l hm thc hin khi to h thng.
SBR 1 l hm thc hin kim tra li ca khi analog.
u vo I0.0 s c dng l tn hiu khi ng h thng iu khin t ng.
u ra Q0.7 bo li xy ra module analog
Ngt INT 0 thc hin thut ton PID mi 100 ms mt ln
- Bng lp dng cho PID gm c 36 byte v nhng thng s c t trong vng nh V v
tt c u dng l double word (VD)
Trang 34 / 178

H Tt Thng

Khong cch
so vi a ch
bt u

Thng s
tnh ton

nh dng

vo/ra

M t

Ngi dng c th
nh ngha

PV

Double word real

vo

Tn hiu v mc nc hin ti trong b,


khong 0.0 1.0 tng ng 0 100%

NO

SP

Double word real

IN

Gi tr t v mc nc trong b, cng phi


nm trong khong 0.0 1.0

YES

Double word real

In/Out

Gi tr tn hiu ra, nm trong khong 0.0 1.0

NO

12

KC

Double word real

In

H s khuch i P.

YES

16

TS

Double word real

In

Thi gian trch mu

YES

20

Ti

Double word real

In

Thi gian tch phn.

YES

24

Td

Double word real

In

Thi gian vi phn

YES

28

Bias (MX)

Double word real

In/Out

Tng tch phn (bias MX or integral sum)

YES

32

PVN-1

Double word real

In/Out

Gi tr mc nc o c ln ly mu trc

NO

Trong chng trnh dng a ch bt u ca bng l VD100


VD100

PV

Tn hiu qu trnh ly vo t AWI0

VD104

SP

Gi tr t

VD108

Gi tr u ra PID

VD112

Kc

H s khuch i

VD116

Ts

Thi gian ct mu

VD120

Ti

Hng s thi gian tch phn

VD124

Td

Hng s thi gian vi phn

VD128

MX

Gi tr ban u ca tch phn

VD132

PVN-1

Gi tr t bc th n-1

- C th tham kho thm v PID trong cc ti liu c cung cp trong Hng dn s dng
h thng S7 200 v cc sch tham kho khc.

H Tt Thng

Trang 35 / 178

Lu thut ton

CHNG TRNH CHINH


// PID
SM0.1
1

( CALL

SM0.1 // ON ti vng qut u

LD

CALL 0

// Gi hm khi to h thng

LD

SM0.0
2

( CALL

( MEND

SM0.0 // Lun lun ON

CALL 1

// Gi hm kim tra li ca
// khi analog

MEND

// Kt thc

Trang 36 / 178

H Tt Thng

CHUONG TRINH CON


// SBR0: Khi to h thng v khi ng ngt thi gian

SBR:

SBR 0

LD SM0.0

SM0.0
5

MOVB 100, SMB34

MOV_B

EN

ATCH

EN

K0INT

K10EVT

ENI

RET

K100IN

// Thi gian ngt l 100 ms

OUTSMB34
ATCH 0, 10

// Gi chng trnh ngt thi gian


(10) thc hin thut ton PID

// Chp nhn hot ng

ENI

RET

// Tr v chn trnh chnh

// SBR1: Kim tra li khi analog v bo li bng Q0.7


SBR 1

LDB= SMB8, 16#19

SBR:

// Nu khng c khi EM235 th bo


li

SMB8
8

KH19

== B NOT(

SMB9

NOT

Q0.7

// Nu c EM235 nhng c li th
cng bo li

KH0

LDB= SMB9, 16#0

== B NOT

NOT

OLD

RET

Q0.7

// Error reading analog module


RET

// INT 0: Thc hin thut ton PID - Chuonh trinh ngat

INT:

INT 0

11

LDN

Q0.7

WXOR_DW

/ EN

AC0IN1 OUTAC0

AC0IN2

MOV_W

EN

H Tt Thng

AIW0IN

Q0.7

// Nu khi analog khng c li


XORD AC0, AC0

// Xa AC0

OUTAC0

MOVW AIW0, AC0

// Ly gi tr o c v mc nc PV

Trang 37 / 178

EN

SUB_R

EN

KR+6400.00IN1 OUTAC0

AC0IN2

DIV_R

EN

MOV_R

EN

AC0IN

12

I0.0

// Chuyn i sang s thc 32 bt

OUTAC0

-R

6400.0, AC0

// Chuyn i sang tn hiu 4 20 mA

/R

25600.0, AC0

// Chuyn PV v gi tr thng dng

AC0IN1 OUTAC0

KR+25600.0IN2

OUTVD100

EN

MOVR AC0, VD100

// Lu vo vng nh
LD

I0.0

// Ch Auto

// Thc hin PID vi a


ch bt u l VB100
PID VB100, 0

VB100TBL
0LOOP

// Tn hiu u ra analog

LD

SM0.0

MUL_R

DTR AC0, AC0

PID

EN

TRUNC

EN

MOV_W

EN

AC0IN

VD108IN1 OUTAC0

KR+32000.0IN2

AC0IN

SM0.0

14

AC0IN

13

DI_REAL

MOVR VD108, AC0


*R

32000.00, AC0

// a ra AC0

// chuyn thang gi tr

OUTAC0

OUTAQW0

TRUNC AC0, AC0

//Chuyn sang s nguyn 32 bt


MOVW AC0, AQW0

// Gi ra u ra

( RETI

RETI

// Tr li chng trnh chnh

D liu DB1 (V Memory):

// Khoi tao cac tham so dieu khien cho bo dieu khien PID co the thuc hien bang cac lenh
MOV trong chuong trinh con SBR_0 hoac tu man hinh TD-200.

VD104

0.75

// SV = 0.75 = 75% full

VD112

0.25

// Kc = 0.25

VD116

0.10

// Ts = 0.1 seconds

VD120

30.0

// Ti = 30 minutes

VD124

0.0

// Td = 0

Trang 38 / 178

H Tt Thng

D. Cc bc thc hnh
1. Tm hiu k yu cu cng ngh nu trn, phn tch dac im ca h thng v cch

lm vic ca h.

2. Lit k cc u v ra :
3. Phn cng vo ra cho PLC :
4. Dng lu chng trnh - m ta cch lm vic ca chng trnh :
5. Dich lu sang gin thang:
6. Lp trnh gin thang vo PLC
7. Ni PLC va cac thiet bi theo so do hinh 7-3
8. Chy kim tra ton b h thng - vit bo co nhn xt kt qu.

E. Cu hi cui bi hc
1. Gii thch ni dung quan st c trong thc hnh 8.
2. Th nghim chng trnh trn vi cc b thng s iu khin Kc, Ti, Td khc nhau,

rt ra nhn xt

3. Tm tham s iu khin ti u tc ng nhanh ca h.

H Tt Thng

Trang 39 / 178

PLC05-29

Truyn thng PLC


A. Mc ch yu cu
1. Nm c nguyn l truyn thng trong PLC.
2. Lp trnh ng dng giao tip my tnh PC vi PLC - CPM1A.
B. Chun bi :
1. M un o to PLC - CPM1A ti thiu, Hoc m un y .
2. Tht b lp trnh cho PLC, Cp ghp ni.
3. My tnh v phn mm lp trnh, phn mm giao tip cng COM.
C. L thuyt :
- Mt trong cc kh nng rt mnh ca PLC l giao tip truyn thng qua PLC c th
ghp ni vi my tnh hoc vi nhau v vi cc thit b khc trao i truyn s liu
hoc ghp ni mng T ng ho v iu khin tng th qu trnh.
- Lnh vc truyn thng l mt lnh vc rt rng lin quan n nhiu vn l thuyt v
mng v thit b.
- Ngi hc nn tham kho thm cc ti liu v mng gii thiu cui ti liu b xung
thm kin thc.
+ Nguyn l truyn s liu ni tip :

Vi nt c bn v cng ni tip.
- Cng ni tip RS 232 l giao din ph bin rng rWi nht. Ngi dng my tnh PC
cn gi cc cng ny l COM1, hoc COM2 phc v cc ng dng khc nhau.
- Vic truyn d liu qua cng RS 232 c tin hnh theo cch ni tip, ngha l cc
bit d liu c gi i ni tip nhau trn mt ng dn. Trc ht loi truyn ny c
kh nng dng cho nhng khong cch ln hn, bi v kh nng gy nhiu l nh ng
k hn khi dng mt cng song song.
- Cng ni tip RS 232 khng phi l mt h thng bus, n cho php d dng to ra
lin kt di hnh thc im vi im gia hai my cn trao i thng tin vi nhau.
Mt thnh vin th ba khng th tham gia vo cuc trao i thng tin ny.
Trang 40 / 178

H Tt Thng

- Trn hnh 29.1 l s b tr chn ca jc cm RS 232 my tnh PC

Chn
(9)
1

Chn
(25)
8

Chc nng

Vo/ra

DCD Data Carrier Detect

Li vo

RxD Receive Data

Li vo

TxD Transmit Data

Li ra

20

DTR Data Terminal Ready

Li ra

GND Ni t

DSR Data Set Ready

Li vo

RTS Request to Send

Li ra

CTS Clear to send

Li vo

22

RI Ring Indicator

Li vo

Hnh 29-1 : Sp xp chn ca cng ni tip my tnh PC


- T hnh v ta thy cm ni tip RS 232 c tng cng 8 ng dn cha k ng
ni t. Trn thc t c hai loi phch cm, mt loi c 9 chn v mt loi 25 chn.
- Vic truyn d liu xy ra trn hai ng dn. Qua chn cm RxD (Receive Data)
my tnh nhn d liu n, qua chn TxD (Transmit Data) my tnh gi d liu i.
- Cc ng dn tn hiu khc ng vai tr nh l nhng tn hiu h tr khi trao i
thng tin v v th khng phi trong mi ng dng u dng n.
Vic truyn d liu:
- Mc tn hiu trn chn nhn vo RxD v chn gi ra TxD thng nm trong khong 12V n +12V so vi t. Cc bt d liu c c gi o ngc li.
Mc Logic
"1" - "High"
nm gia -3V v -12V
Mc Logic
"0" - "Lo"
nm gia +3V v +12V.
- Trn hnh 29- 2. m t mt dng d liu in hnh ca mt byte d liu trn cng ni
tip RS 232.
- trng thi tnh trn ng dn c in p -12V. Mt bit khi ng (Starbit) s m u
vic truyn d liu. Tip l cc bit d liu ring l s c truyn i, trong bt
gi tr thp Do s c gi trc tin. con s ca cc bt d liu thay i gia 5 v 8.
cui dng d liu cn c mt bit dng (Stopbit) t trng thi li ra (-12V).
- Bng tc baud (c l b) ta thit lp tc truyn d liu. Cc gi tr thng thng
l 300; 600; 1.200; 2.400; 4.800; 9.600; 19.200 baud. K hiu baud tng ng vi s
bit c truyn trong mt giy. Chng hn nh khi tc baud bng 9.600 c ngha l
c 9.600 bit d liu c truyn trong mi giy. T ta suy ra rng cn c mt bit
bt u v mt bit dng c gi km theo vi mt byte d liu. Nh vy vi mi mt
H Tt Thng

Trang 41 / 178

byte W c 10bit c gi. Nh vy c th c on mt cch d dng lng d liu


cc i W c truyn. Vi tc 9.600 baud cho php truyn nhiu nht l 960 byte
mi giy. Qua cch c tnh n gin ta cng thy c mt nhc im khng nh
ca cng truyn ni tip l tc truyn d liu b hn ch.

Hnh 1.8 Dng d liu trn cng RS 232 vi tc 9.600 baud.


- Cn vn na l khun mu (Format) truyn d liu cn phi c thit lp nh nhau
c bn gi v cng nh bn nhn. Cc thng s truyn c thit lp trn my PC
bng cc cu lnh trong chng trnh phn mm. Ngay c trn WINDOWS cng c
nhng chng trnh ring s dng.
- Khi cc thng s truyn d liu nh : tc baud, s bit d liu, s bit dng, bit chn
l (Parity) c th c thit lp mt cch n gin.
- a ch c bn ca cng ni tip ca my tnh PC c th tm tt trong bng cc a ch
sau:
COM1

(Cng ni tip th nht)

a ch c bn

3F8 (Hex)

COM2

(Cng ni tip th hai)

a ch c bn

2F8 (Hex)

COM3

(Cng ni tip th ba)

a ch c bn

3F8 (Hex)

COM4

(Cng ni tip th t)

a ch c bn

2F8 (Hex)

- Bng lnh OPEN COM giao din ni tip s c m. Bng PRINT v INPUT cc d
liu c th c gi v c nhn.
- Ngoi ra trong ngn ng bc cao cng c cc lnh cho php lp trnh giao tip ni tip
, v d ngn ng C trong phn mm CVI nh sau :
V d lnh m cng giao tip COM1, c cng COM1, ghi cng COM1 bng
ngn ng C trong phn mm CVI nh sau:
OpenComConfig (1, , 9600, 2, 7, 2, 512, 512;

//M cng COM

ComRd (1,V, 20;

//c cng COM

ComWrt (1,lenh, 25);

//Ghi cng COM

CloseCom (1)

//ng cng COM

- Qua vic m giao din bng lnh OPEN c hai ng dn RTS v DTS c chuyn
sang +12V. Vi khun mu truyn W c thit lp, by gi cc d liu c th c
c vo v gi ra.

Trang 42 / 178

H Tt Thng

Lnh :

ComWrt (1, "lenh", 25);

// Gi ra cng Com
// COM1
// Bin k t "lenh"
// 25 k t

Lnh :

ComRd (1, "V", 20);

//c vo t cng COM


// COM1
// Kt qu gn cho bin k t V
// 20 k t

Lnh :

CloseCom (1);

// ng cng giao tip

- Lnh CLOSE s ng giao din ni tip v sau ng dn DTR v RTS li c t


tr li mc low (-12V)
1. Giao tip my tnh vi PLC qua cng ni tip:
- truyn thng cc h thng mng PLC hin nay u da trn nguyn l truyn thng
s truyn bit ni tip - ngha l cc d liu, cc k t u c bin i thnh mW
nh phn 8 bit theo bng mW ASCII - Americain Standrd Code (c trnh by trong
ph lc tham kho) sau c x l v truyn ln lt tng bit mt ra ng truyn
n thit b nhn. Ti thit b nhn cc bt ny li c khi phc, gii mW v chuyn
thnh d liu hoc k t m bn pht W gi i.
- Qu trnh bin i cng nh truyn v nhn c chun ho my tnh theo chun
RS232 v sau qua b chuyn i CIF01 chuyn thnh chun RS 485 ni n PLC CPM1.
- Cc chun ny gm cc quy nh v cu trc phn cng, th tc phn mm v cc quy
c v cu trc mng, phng php truy nhp
2. Ghp ni my tnh vi PLC - CPM1 nh hnh v:
- Truyn thng gia my tnh v PLC y cng theo cc chun giao tip W nu gm :
Khai bo m cng giao tip
Truyn d liu
Nhn d liu.
ng cng giao tip.
- Qua trnh giao tip gia my tnh v PLC c thc hin theo nguyn l sau :
- u tin my tnh gi xung PLC mt khung d liu c cu trc nh hnh 29-1 khi
nhn c khung d liu ny PLC s t ng gi tr li tu theo yu cu m my tnh
gi xung. Qu trnh c th tip din.

H Tt Thng

Trang 43 / 178

Khung d liu gi t my tnh xung PLC:


@:

K t bo khi u khung d liu

Node No:

Khai bo PLC giao tip vi PC

Texte:

Cc tham s, d liu

FSC:

Hai k t kim tra li

Terminator:

K t * v k t CHR$13 bo kt thc chui k t truyn

Khung tr li t PLC ln my tnh:


@, Node, Head code:

Cc k t gi lp li

End code:

K t bo hon tt

Texte:

D liu tr li theo yu cu ca bn gi

FSC:

Hai k t kim tra li

Terminator:

K t * v k t CHR$13 bo kt thc
chui k t truyn

FCS ( Frem Checksequence ):


- Trong khung d liu c truyn i ngi ta thm vo phn FCS ( Freme Check
Sequence ) pha trc k t kt thc khung d liu dng pht hin bit li xy ra
u v bit no b li. FCS l d liu s 8 bit c bin i thnh 2 k t ASCII. Cc
bit d liu ca FCS l kt qu ca php XOR bit, t k t u ca khung d liu (k
t @ ), cho n k t cui cng ca phn Text trong khung d liu truyn i ( tc l k
t ngay trc phn FCS).
- Vic tnh li FCS pha thu cho php xc nh li trong khung d liu W nhn c.
- V d khung d liu iu khin c trng thi u vo PLC :

Trang 44 / 178

H Tt Thng

Cc bc thc hnh giao tip gia my tnh vi PLC


1. Ni my tnh vi PLC

H Tt Thng

Trang 45 / 178

2. Khi ng chng trnh th cng COM RS232 v nhp chn Configure

3. Khai bo m cng COM

4. nh khung d liu gi xung PLC


D. Cc bc thc hnh
1. Tm hiu k nguyn l truyn ni tip gia My tnh v PLC
2. Ni my tnh vi PLC- CPM1 theo s : My tnh Cp RS232 -CIF01 -
PLC-CPM1.
3. Khi ng my tnh v chng trnh th cng COM :
4. Khai bo m cng COM nhp Configue  khai bo  Close :
Trang 46 / 178

H Tt Thng

5. Trong bng Trasmit to device : nh khung d liu cn truyn xung PLC v chn

Terminator CR, chn #Bytes to Read,


Send
6. Gi xung PLC bng cch nhp
7. c kt qu gi ln t PLC bng cch nhp Read
8. So snh khung d liu gi i v khung d liu tr li t PLC, phn tch kt qu nhn
c
9. Chy kim tra ton b cc lnh giao tip gia PC v PLC - vit bo co nhn xt kt
qu.
10. Cc khung d liu th nghim :

H Tt Thng

Trang 47 / 178

E. Cu hi cui bi hc
1. Gii thch ni dung quan st c trong thc hnh 8.
2. Tnh FCS ca cc khung d liu iu khin Khi ng PLC, iu khin c u

vo ra, iu khin c thanh ghi, iu khin c b Timer, b m CNT

3. Tm hiu cc kh nng truyn thng khc ca PLC - CPM1A.

Trang 48 / 178

H Tt Thng

SIMATIC
Group
6

S7-200 Tips

Topic
Using the PID-Instruction

CPUs required for this tip


CPU 210 

CPU 212  CPU 214  CPU 215  CPU 216  OTHER 

Overview
The following S7-200 program is an short example of how to use the PID
instruction.
The PID instruction will be explained using an example of a water tank. The aim
is to maintain a constant water pressure and also keep the tank from being
emptied.

pump with the


water supply

water level 75 %

Analog Output (0-10V) from PID process


B+,B- and C+,Care unused inputs
Analog Input (4-20mA) for PID PV

A+ A-

SIEMENS

SIMATIC
S7-200

SF

I 0.0

I 1.0

Q 0.0

Q 1.0

RUN

I 0.1

I 1.1

Q 0.1

Q 1.1

STOP

I 0.2

I 1.2

Q 0.2

I 0.3

I 1.3

Q 0.3

I 0.4

I 1.4

Q 0.4

I 0.5

I 1.5

Q 0.5

I 0.6

Q 0.6

I 0.7

Q 0.7

L+

CPU 216

B+ B-

EXTF

Vo L+ M

EM 235
AI 3x12Bit
AQ 1x12Bit

1 X
3 4
6ES7 214-1BC01-0XB0

Figure 53.1
Hardware Requirements
1 S7-200 PLC
1 Expansion Module EM 235 Analog Combination AI 3/ AQ 1x 12 Bits
General Description
In this example, a water tank is used to maintain a constant water pressure.
Water is continuously being taken from the water tank at a varying rate. A
variable speed pump is used to add water to the tank at a rate that will maintain
adequate water pressure and also keep the tank from being emptied.

H Tt Thng

Trang 49 / 178

The setpoint for this system is a water level setting that is equivalent to the tank
being 75% full. The process variable is supplied by a float gauge that provides
an equivalent reading of how full the tank is and which can vary from 0% or
empty to 100% or completely full. The output is a value of pump speed that
allows the pump to run from 0% to 100% of maximum speed.
The setpoint is predetermined and will be entered directly into the loop table.
The process variable will be supplied as a 4 to 20 ma analog value from the
float gauge. The loop output will be written to the analog output (0 to 10 V),
which is used to control the pump speed. The span of both, the analog input
and analog output is 32,000.
NOTE: The Analog value (AIW0) can be averaged by an average subroutine, to
filter the input
before the value is used as the PV. Refer tip no. 54 for details.
Only proportional and integral control will be employed in this example. The
loop gain and time constants have been determined from engineering
calculations and may be adjusted as required to achieve optimum control. The
calculated values of the time constants are:
KC - 0.25 TS - 0.1 seconds and TI - 30 minutes.
The tank speed will be controlled manually until the water tank is 75% full, then
the valve will be opened to allow water to be drained from the tank. At the same
time, the pump will be switched from manual to auto control mode. A digital
input will be used to switch the control from manual to auto. This input is
described below:
I0.0 - Manual/Auto control: 0 - manual, 1 - auto
While in manual mode, the pump speed will be written by the operator to VD108
as a real number value from 0.0 to 1.0.
The following information documents the program and its operation as well as
defining the variables, subroutines and interrupt routines used by the program.
Subroutines:
SBR0
SBR1

Trang 50 / 178

Initialization subroutine
Subroutine to check, if an error occurred at the analog module

H Tt Thng

Interrupt Routines:
INT 0 100 ms timed interrupt that invokes PID execution
Description of variables:
I0.0
Q0.7

Manual/Auto control
Error on the Analog module

The loop table is 36 byte long and the parameters in the V-memory table are all
standard double words (VD) The loop table has the following format:
Offset
0
4
8
12
16
20
24
28
32

Calculation

Format

Process variable Double word


- real
Setpoint
Double word
- real
Output
Double word
- real
Gain
Double word
- real
Sample time
Double word
- real
Integral time or Double word
reset
- real
Derivative time Double word
or rate
- real
Bias
Double word
- real
Previous
Double word
process variable
- real

Data
type
In
IN
In/Out
In
In
In
In
In/Out
In/Out

Description

user definable

Contains the process variable, which must be


scaled between 0.0 and 1.0
Contains the setpoint, which must be scaled
between 0.0 and 1.0
Contains the calculated output,
scaled between 0.0 and 1.0
Contains the gain, which is a proportional
constant. Can be a positive or negative number.
Contains the sample time, in seconds.
Must be a positive number.
Contains the integral time or reset, in minutes.
Must be a positive number.
Contains the derivative time or rate, in minutes.
Must be a positive number
Contains the bias or integral sum value
between 0.0 and 1.0
Contains the previous value of the process
variable stored from the last execution of the PID
instruction.

NO
YES
NO
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
NO

(Note: The basic address of the example program is VD100.)


VD100
VD104
VD108
VD112
VD116
VD120
VD124
VD128
VD132

process variable (PV) , from the analog input AWI0


setpoint (SP)
output (M), contains the calculated output
gain (Kc), a proportional constant
sample time (Ts)
integral time (Ti)
derivative time (Td) or rate
bias (MX) or integral sum
previous process variable (PVN-1)

More information about the PID Instruction is provided in the S7-200 System
manual. Basics of Controlling with PID is explained in tip 32.
Information about the analog module is provided in the S7-200 System manual
and in tip 34.

H Tt Thng

Trang 51 / 178

Program Structure
main program
Start

On the first scan: Initialization (SBR 0)


Set and enable time interrupts (INT 0)

On every scan: Check if the analog module has an error (SBR1)


Set Q0.7 if an error occured.

main program
End
Interrupt program
Start

Get the process variable value from the the anlog input word (AIW0),
scale value and store the converted value in the loop table.

In auto mode : execute PID-instruction

Update analog output

Interrupt program
End

LAD (S7-MicroDOS)

STL (IEC)

program description and main program


// PID Example Program
SM0.1
0
1 ( CALL )

SM0.0
1
2 ( CALL )

3 ( MEND )

LD
CALL

SM0.1
0

// On the first scan


// Call the initialization
// subroutine

LD
CALL

SM0.0
1

// On each scan
// Check if error at the analog
//module

MEND

// End the main program

Subroutines
// SBR0: Initialization (set and enable timed interrupt)

Trang 52 / 178

H Tt Thng


SBR: 0

SM0.0
MOV_B
5 EN

K100IN OUTSMB34

ATCH

EN

K0INT

K10EVT

( ENI )

6 ( RET )

SBR 0
LD SM0.0
MOVB 100, SMB34
// time interval (100ms) for timed
// interrupt
ATCH 0, 10
//Set timed interrupt to invoke
// PID execution
ENI

// Enable interrupts

RET

// SBR1: Check for errors at the analog module. If an error occurs set the Q0.7.

SBR: 1

SMB8
KH19
Q0.7
8 == B NOT(
)

SMB9
KH0

== B NOT

9 ( RET )

SBR

LDB= SMB8, 16#19


// Check,
NOT
// if analog module is plugged in
LDB= SMB9, 16#0
// Check,
NOT
// if analog module has an error
OLD
=
Q0.7
// Error reading analog module
RET

// INT 0: Interrupt routine - PID- Routine (timed interrupt for PID-execution).

INT: 0

Q0.7
WXOR_DW
11 / EN

AC0IN1 OUTAC0

AC0IN2

MOV_W

EN

AIW0IN OUTAC0

DI_REAL

EN

AC0IN OUTAC0

SUB_R

EN

KR+6400.00IN1 OUTAC0

AC0IN2

DIV_R

EN

AC0IN1 OUTAC0

KR+25600.0IN2

MOV_R

EN

AC0IN OUTVD100

H Tt Thng

INT

LDN

Q0.7
// If analog module is O.K.?
XORD AC0, AC0
// Clear the accumulator
MOVW AIW0, AC0
// save the analog value
DTR

AC0, AC0
// Convert 32-bit integer to real

-R

6400.0, AC0
// Adjust for 4 to 20 mA offset

/R

25600.0, AC0
// Normalize the PV
// value in the accumulator

MOVR AC0, VD100


// Store accu in the loop Table
LD
PID

I0.0
VB100, 0

// When auto mode,


// invoke PID execution

Trang 53 / 178


I0.0
PID
12 EN

VB100TBL

0LOOP

SM0.0
MUL_R
13 EN

VD108IN1 OUTAC0

KR+32000.0IN2

TRUNC

EN

AC0IN OUTAC0

MOV_W

EN

AC0IN OUTAQW0

14 ( RETI )

// Analog Output
LD SM0.0
MOVR VD108, AC0 // loop output to accu
*R 32000.00, AC0 // scale value in accu
TRUNC AC0, AC0
// Convert real to
// 32-bit integer
MOVW AC0, AQW0
// write the value to analog output
RETI

Data Block DB1 (V Memory):


// initialize values
VD104
VD112
VD116
VD120
VD124

0.75
0.25
0.10
30.0
0.0

// setpoint = 0.75 = 75% full


// loop gain = 0.25
// sample time = 0.1 seconds
// integral time = 30 minutes
// no derivation action

Conversion Notes
To Convert from IEC STL to S7-Micro/DOS STL:
 Add a K before all non-Hex numerical constants (i.e. 4 K4)
 Replace 16# with KH for all Hex constants (i.e. 16#FF KHFF)
 Commas denote field divisions. Use arrow or TAB keys to toggle between fields.
 To convert an S7-Micro/DOS STL program to LAD form, every network must begin
with the word NETWORK and a number. Each network in this Application Tip
program is designated by a number on the ladder diagram. Use the INSNW
command under the EDIT menu to enter a new network. The MEND, RET, RETI,
LBL, SBR, and INT commands each receive their own networks.
 Line-Comments denoted by // are not possible with S7-Micro/DOS, but NetworkComments are possible.

General Notes
The SIMATIC S7-200 Application Tips are provided to give users of the S7-200 some
indication as to how, from the view of programming technique, certain tasks can be solved
with this controller. These instructions do not purport to cover all details or variations in
equipment, nor do they provide for every possible contingency. Use of the S7-200 Application
Tips is free.
Siemens reserves the right to make changes in specifications shown herein or make
improvements at any time without notice or obligation. It does not relieve the user of
responsibility to use sound practices in application, installation, operation, and maintenance
of the equipment purchased. Should a conflict arise between the general information
contained in this publication, the contents of drawings or supplementary material, or both, the
latter shall take precedence.
Siemens is not liable, for whatever legal reason, for damages or personal injury resulting
from the use of the application tips.
All rights reserved. Any form of duplication or distribution, including excerpts, is only
permitted with express authorization by SIEMENS.
Trang 54 / 178

H Tt Thng

Tham kho:
Chng trnh S7 200 di y ch l mt v d ngn v cch s dng PID thng
qua v d v iu khin mc nc trong b va m bo p sut va m bo nc
trong bnh khng b cn ht. Cu trc h thng nh hnh di y:

Yu cu thit b iu khin: 01 PLC S7 200/ CPU 216 tr ln v 01 khi EM 235 gm


c 3 u vo analog v mt u ra analog 12 bt
M t h thng:
Trong h thng ny, mt b nc c dng khng ch p lc nc khng i.
Nc lin tc c ly ra t vi vi mt tc bt k. Bm c dng tng thm nc
vo b vi mt tc duy tr p sut cng nh mc nc trong bnh khng h xung
qu mc cho php.
Gi tr t ca h thng l mc nc (trong v d ny l 75% b). i lng u vo
ca h thng l tn hiu do mt cm bin o mc a v thng qua u vo analog A+, A-.
Tn hiu a v c th thay i t 4 20mA tng ng vi 0 100% mc y ca b. Tn
hiu ra ca h thng l tn hiu in p c th thay i t 0 10 V dng iu khin tc
bm tng ng l 0 100% tc nh mc.
Gi tr t c quyt nh bi ngi s dng v c a trc tip vo qu trnh.
Trong chng trnh ny, b iu khin s dng hai thng s l P v I, khng dng n D.
Thi gian ly mu l Ts = 0.1 giy, KC = 0.25 v Ti = 30 pht.
Trc tin, b nc s c tip y nc cho n khi c 75%. Sau , van x s
c m ly nc t b v cng lc bm s c chuyn t ch iu khin bng tay
sang ch t ng.
Trong qu trnh iu khin bng tay, tc bm c qui nh bi s thc lu ti
VD108 nm trong khong 0.0 ti 1.0.
SBR0 l hm thc hin khi to h thng.
SBR 1 l hm thc hin kim tra li ca khi analog.
u vo I0.0 s c dng l tn hiu khi ng h thng iu khin t ng.
u ra Q0.7 bo li xy ra module analog
Ngt INT 0 thc hin thut ton PID mi 100 ms mt ln
Bng lp dng cho PID gm c 36 byte v nhng thng s c t trong vng nh
V v tt c u dng l double word (VD)
H Tt Thng

Trang 55 / 178

Khong cch
Thng s
so vi a ch
tnh ton
bt u

nh dng

vo/ra

Ngi dng
c th nh
ngha

M t

Tn hiu v mc nc hin ti trong b,


khong 0.0 1.0 tng ng 0 100%

NO

Gi tr t v mc nc trong b, cng phi


nm trong khong 0.0 1.0

YES

Double word - real In/Out

Gi tr tn hiu ra, nm trong khong 0.0


1.0

NO

KC

Double word - real

In

H s khuch i P.

YES

16

TS

Double word - real

In

Thi gian trch mu

YES

20

Ti

Double word - real

In

Thi gian tch phn.

YES

Td

Double word - real

In

Thi gian vi phn

PV

Double word - real

vo

SP

Double word - real

IN

12

24
28

YES

Bias (MX) Double word - real In/Out Tng tch phn (bias MX or integral sum)

32

PVN-1

YES

Double word - real In/Out Gi tr mc nc o c ln ly mu trc

NO

Trong chng trnh dng a ch bt u ca bng l VD100


VD100
PV
, ly vo t AWI0
VD104
SP
VD108
M
VD112
Kc
VD116
Ts
VD120
Ti
VD124
Td
VD128
MX
VD132
VN-1
C th tham kho thm v PID trong cc ti liu c cung cp trong Hng dn s
dng h thng S7 200 v cc sch tham kho khc.
Lu thut ton

Trang 56 / 178

H Tt Thng

CHNG TRNH CHINH


// PID
SM0.1
0
1 ( CALL )

SM0.0
1
2 ( CALL )

3 ( MEND )

LD
CALL

SM0.1
0

LD
CALL

SM0.0
1

MEND

// ON ti vng qut u
// Gi hm khi to h thng
// Lun lun ON
// Gi hm kim tra li ca
// khi analog
// Kt thc

CHUONG TRINH CON


// SBR0: Khi to h thng v khi ng ngt thi gian

SBR: 0

SM0.0
MOV_B
5 EN

K100IN OUTSMB34

ATCH

EN

K0INT

K10EVT

( ENI )

6 ( RET )

SBR 0
LD SM0.0
MOVB 100, SMB34
// Thi gian ngt l 100 ms
ATCH 0, 10
// Gi chng trnh ngt thi gian (10) thc
hin thut ton PID
ENI

// Chp nhn hot ng

RET

// Tr v chn trnh chnh

// SBR1: Kim tra li khi analog v bo li bng Q0.7

SBR: 1

SMB8
KH19
Q0.7
8 == B NOT(
)

SMB9
KH0

== B NOT

9 ( RET )

SBR

LDB= SMB8, 16#19


// Nu khng c khi EM235 th bo li
NOT
LDB= SMB9, 16#0
// Nu c EM235 nhng c li th cng bo li
NOT
OLD
=
Q0.7
// Error reading analog module
RET

// INT 0: Thc hin thut ton PID

INT: 0

Q0.7
WXOR_DW
11 / EN

AC0IN1 OUTAC0

AC0IN2

MOV_W

EN

AIW0IN OUTAC0

H Tt Thng

INT

LDN

Q0.7
// Nu khi analog khng c li
XORD AC0, AC0
// Xa AC0
MOVW AIW0, AC0
// Ly gi tr o c v mc nc PV

DTR AC0, AC0


// Chuyn i sang s thc 32 bt

Trang 57 / 178

DI_REAL

EN

AC0IN OUTAC0

SUB_R

EN

KR+6400.00IN1 OUTAC0

AC0IN2

DIV_R

EN

AC0IN1 OUTAC0

KR+25600.0IN2

MOV_R

EN

AC0IN OUTVD100

I0.0
PID
12 EN

VB100TBL

0LOOP

SM0.0
MUL_R
13 EN

VD108IN1 OUTAC0

KR+32000.0IN2

TRUNC

EN

AC0IN OUTAC0

MOV_W

EN

AC0IN OUTAQW0

14 ( RETI )

-R 6400.0, AC0
// Chuyn i sang tn hiu 4 20 mA
/R 25600.0, AC0
// Chuyn PV v gi tr thng dng
MOVR AC0, VD100
// Lu vo vng nh
LD I0.0
PID VB100, 0
u l VB100

// Ch Auto
// Thc hin PID vi a ch bt

// Tn hiu u ra analog
LD SM0.0
MOVR VD108, AC0 // a ra AC0
*R 32000.00, AC0 // chuyn thang gi tr
TRUNC AC0, AC0
//Chuyn sang s nguyn 32 bt
MOVW AC0, AQW0
// Gi ra u ra
RETI

// Tr li chng trnh chnh

D liu DB1 (V Memory):


// Khi to
VD104
VD112
VD116
VD120
VD124

Trang 58 / 178

0.75
0.25
0.10
30.0
0.0

// SV = 0.75 = 75% full


// Kc = 0.25
// Ts = 0.1 seconds
// Ti = 30 minutes
// Td = 0

H Tt Thng

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