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Example in Electrostatics

This document provides solutions to several example problems involving Coulomb's Law and electric fields. It includes: 1) Calculating the force and magnitude of force between two point charges using Coulomb's Law. 2) Finding the electric field vector and magnitude at a point due to a single point charge and due to multiple point charges. 3) Calculating the total charge within various volumes when given a volume charge density. 4) Finding the electric field vector at specified points due to a line charge and infinite sheets of charge.

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JoseMiguelDomingo
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6K views36 pages

Example in Electrostatics

This document provides solutions to several example problems involving Coulomb's Law and electric fields. It includes: 1) Calculating the force and magnitude of force between two point charges using Coulomb's Law. 2) Finding the electric field vector and magnitude at a point due to a single point charge and due to multiple point charges. 3) Calculating the total charge within various volumes when given a volume charge density. 4) Finding the electric field vector at specified points due to a line charge and infinite sheets of charge.

Uploaded by

JoseMiguelDomingo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Example in Coulombs Law

A 2 mC (millicoulomb) positive charge is


located in vacuum at P1(3,-2,-4) and a 5uC
(microcoulomb) negative charge is at
P2(1,-4,2). (a) Find the vector force on the
negative charge. (b) what is the magnitude
of the force on the charge at P1?

Solution
(a) RP1 p 2 rp 2 rp1 1 3a x 4 2a y 2 4a z
RP1 p 2 2a x 2a y 6a z
RP1 p 2 2 2 2 2 6 2 6.63
aP1 p 2

RP1 p 2
RP1 p 2

2a x 2a y 6a z
6.63

aP1 p 2 0.3a x 0.3a y 0.905a z

Solution
(a)

Q1Q2
F2
aP1 p 2
2
4 0 RP1 p 2

5 10 2 10
0.3a

4 8.854 10 6.63
6

F2

12

F2 0.616a x 0.616a y 1.85a z N

0.3a y 0.905a z

Solution
(b) F1 F2 0.616 2 0.616 2 1.85 2 2.045N

Example in Electric Field


Intensity
Calculate E at M(3,-4,2) in free space
caused by: (a) a charge Q1 = 2uC at P1
(0,0,0); (b) a charge Q2 = 3uC at P2(1,2,3); (c) a charge Q1 = 2uC at P1(0,0,0)
and a charge Q2 = 3uC at P2(-1,2,3).

Solution
(a) RP1M rM rp1 3 0a x 4 0a y 2 0az
RP1M 3a x 4a y 2a z
RP1M 32 4 2 2 2 5.385
aP1M

RP1M 3a x 4a y 2a z

RP1M
5.385

aP1M 0.557 a x 0.743a y 0.371a z

Solution
(a)

Q
E
aP1M
2
4 0 RP1M

2 10
0.557a
E
4 8.854 10 5.385
6

12

E 345a x 460a y 230a zV / m

0.743a y 0.371a z

Solution
(b) RP 2 M rM rp 2 3 1a x 4 2a y 2 3a z
RP 2 M 4a x 6a y a z
RP 2 M 4 2 6 2 12 7.28
aP 2 M

4a x 6a y a z
RP 2 M

RP 2 M
7.28

aP 2 M 0.549a x 0.824a y 0.137 a z

Solution
(b)E

Q
aP 2 M
2
4 0 RP 2 M

3 10
0.549a
E
4 8.854 10 7.28
6

12

E 280a x 420a y 69.9a zV / m

0.824a y 0.137a z

Solution
(c) E E1 E 2
E 345a x 460a y 230a z 280a x 420a y 69.9a z
E 625a x 880a y 160a zV / m

Example in Volume Charge


A uniform volume charge density of 0.2
uC/m3 is present throughout the spherical
shell extending from r = 3 cm to 5 cm. If v
= 0 elsewhere, find the total charge
present within the shell

Solution
Q v dv
v

Q 0.2 10 6 r 2 sin dddr


Q 0.2 10

0.05

0.03

r dr sin d d
2

r 3 0.05

2
6
cos 0 0
Q 0.2 10
3 0.03
3
3

0
.
05
0
.
03
6
Q 0.2 10

cos cos 02 0
3
3
Q 82.1 10 12 C 82.1 pC

Example in Volume Charge


Find the total charge inside each of the
volumes indicated: (a) v = 10z2e-0.1xsiny,
-1 x 2, 0 y 1, 3 z 3.6; (b) v = 2
2sin2z2, 0 2, 0 /2, 0 z 3

Solution
(a)
Q

1 3.6

1 0 3
2

Q 10 e
1

10 z 2 e 0.1x sin ydzdydx

0.1 x

3.6

dx sin ydy z 2 dz

3 3.6
e 0.1x 2

z
1
cos y 0

Q 10
0.1 1
3 3
e 0.1( 2 ) e 0.1( 1)
3.6 3 33
Q 10


cos (1) cos (0)
0.1
3
0.1
3
Q 119.5C

Solution
(b) Q 2 2 3 2 2 sin 2z 2 dddz
0 0 0
2

Q 2 d
0

sin 2d z 2 dz
0

2 3 3
4 2 1
z
cos 2

Q 2
4 0 2
0
3 0
3
3
24 04 1

1
3
0

Q 10 cos 2( 2) cos 2(0)


4 2
2
3
3
4
Q 72C

Example in Line Charge


An infinitely long, uniform line charge is
located at y = 3, z =5. If L = 30 nC/m, find
E at: (a) the origin; (b) PB(0,6,1); (c)
PC(5,6,1)

Solution

R 0 0 a x 0 3a y 0 5a z

(a)

R 3a y 5a z
R 0 2 32 52 5.831
R 3a y 5a z
a

R
5.831
a 0.5145a y 0.8575a z
E

L
a
2 0

30 10
0.5145a
E
2 8.854 10 5.831
9

12

E 47.6a y 79.3a zV / m

0.8575a z

Solution

R 0 0 a x 6 3a y 1 5a z

(b)

R 3a y 4a z
R 0 2 32 4 2 5
R 3a y 4a z
a

R
5
a 0.6a y 0.8a z

L
E
a
2 0
E

30 10
9

0.6a

2 8.854 10 5
E 64.7 a y 86.3a zV / m
12

0.8a z

Solution
(c)

R 5 0 a x 6 3a y 1 5a z
R 5a x 3a y 4a z
R 52 32 4 2 7.0711
R 5a x 3a y 4a z
a

R
7.0711
a 0.7071a x 0.4243a y 0.5657 a z

L
E
a
2 0

30 10
0.7071a
E
2 8.854 10 7.0711.
9

12

0.4243a y 0.5657 a z

E 53.918a x 32.358a y 43.142a zV / m

Example in Sheet of Charge


Four infinite uniform sheets of charge are
located as follows: 20 pC/m2 at y = 7, -8
pC/m2 at y = 3, 6 pC/m2 at y =-1, and -18
pC/m2 at y = -4. Find E at the point: (a)
PA(2,6,,-4); (b) PB(0,0,0); (c) PC(-1,-1.1,5)

Solution
(a) N 6 7 a a
1
y
y

N 2 6 3a y 3a y

N1 12 1

N 2 32 3

N1 a y
a1

a y
N1
1

N 2 3a y
a2

ay
N2
3

N 3 6 1a y 7 a y

N 4 6 4 a y 10a y

N3 7 7

N 4 10 2 10

N 3 7a y
a3

ay
N3
7

N 4 10a y
a4

ay
N4
10

Solution
(a)
s1
s2
s3
s4
E
a1
a2
a3
a4
2 0
2 0
2 0
2 0

20 10
8 10
a
a
E
28.854 10
28.854 10

6 10
18 10
a
a

28.854 10
28.854 10
12

12

12

12

12

12

12

12

E 0.453a y 1.129a y 0.339a y 1.016a y 2.26a yV / m

Solution
(b)N1 0 7 a y 7a y

N 2 0 3a y 3a y

N1 7 7

N 2 32 3

N1 7 a y
a1

a y
N1
7

N 2 3a y
a2

a y
N2
3

N 3 0 1a y a y

N 4 0 4 a y 4a y

N3 1 1

N 4 42 4

N3 a y
a3

ay
N3
1

N 4 4a y
a4

ay
N4
4

Solution
(b)
s1
s2
s3
s4
E
a1
a2
a3
a4
2 0
2 0
2 0
2 0

20 10
8 10
a
a
E
28.854 10
28.854 10

6 10
18 10
a
a

28.854 10
28.854 10
12

12

12

12

12

12

12

12

E 1.129a y 0.453a y 0.339a y 1.016a y 1.353a yV / m

Solution
(c) N1 1.1 7 a y 1.8a y N 2 1.1 3a y 4.1a y
N1 1.8 1.8

N 2 4.12 4.1

N1 1.8a y
a1

a y
N1
1.8

N 2 4.1a y
a2

a y
N2
4.1

N 3 1.1 1a y 0.1a y

N 4 1.1 4a y 2.9a y

N 3 0.1 0.1

N 4 2.9 2 2.9

N 3 0.1a y
a3

a y
N3
0.1

N 4 2.9a y
a4

ay
N4
2.9

Solution
(c)
s1
s2
s3
s4
E
a1
a2
a3
a4
2 0
2 0
2 0
2 0

20 10
8 10
a
a
E
28.854 10
28.854 10

6 10
18 10
a
a

28.854 10
28.854 10
12

12

12

12

12

12

12

12

E 1.129a y 0.452a y 0.339a y 1.016a y 2.03a yV / m

Example in Streamlines and


Sketches
Obtain the equation of the streamline that
passes through the point P(-2,7,10) in the
field E =2(y-1)ax + 2xay

Solution
(a)

E 2 y 1a x 2 xa y
dy Ey y

dx Ex x
dy
2x

dx 2( y 1)
( y 1)dy xdx
( y 1)dy xdx 0

Solution
(a)

( y 1)dy xdx C / 2
( y 1)
x
C

2
2
2
2
2
( y 1) x C
at P (2,7,10)
2

(7 1) 2 (2) 2 C
C 36 4 32
( y 1) x 32
2

Solution
(b) E e a x ( x 1)e a y
y

dy Ey y

dx Ex x
y
dy ( x 1)e

dx
ey
dy ( x 1)dx
dy ( x 1)dx 0

Solution
(b)

dy ( x 1)dx C / 2
( x 1)
C
y

2
2
2 y ( x 1) 2 C

2
2
2
2 y ( x 1) C
2

at

P(2,7,10)

2(7) (2 1) C
C 14 1 13
2

2 y ( x 1) 13
2

Seatwork
1. Consider a charge of 0.3 mC at point
P(1,2,3) and a charge of -1 mC at point
Q(2,0,5) in free space. Determine the
force experienced by the -1mC charge.
Answer: -100ax + 200ay 300az N
2. A 2 uC point chare is located at A(4,3,5)
in free space. Find E, E, Ez at
P(8,12,2).
Answer: 159.7a + 27.4a + 49.4az

Seatwork
1. Calculate the total charge within each of
the indicated volumes: (a) 0.1 |x|,|y|,|z|
1
0.2:
; (b) 0 0.1,
v

x y z

0 , 2 z 4; v z sin 0.6
2

Answer: 27uC; 1.778mC

Seatwork
2. Infinite uniform line charges of 5 nC/m lie
along the (positive and negative) x and y
axes in free space. Find E at: (a) PA(0,0,4);
(b) PB(0,3,4).
Answer: 45az V/m; 10.8ay + 36.9az V/m

Seatwork
1. Three infinite uniform sheets of charge
are located in free space as follows: 3
nC/m2 at z = -4, 6 nC/m2 at z = 1, and -8
nC/m2 at z = 4. Find E at the point: (a)
PA(2,5,-5), (b) PB(4,2,-3), (c) PC(-1,-5,2),
(d) PD(-2,4,5)

Answer: -56.5 az V/m; 283az V/m; 961 az


V/m, 56.5az V/m

Seatwork
2. Find the equation of that streamline that
passes through the point P(1,4,-2) in the
field E = 2e5x[y(5x + 1)ax + xay]

Answer: y2 = 15.6 + 0.4x 0.08ln[(x +


0.2)/1.2]

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