Meteorology Indigo Que Bank Part 3 (299-311)

50.3.2.1 (3560)
Supercooled droplets can occur in
a) clouds, fog and precipitation
b) clouds but not in precipitation
c) precipitation but not in clouds
d) clouds but not in fog
50.3.2.1 (3561)
Supercooled droplets are always
a) at a temperature below freezing
b) small and at a temperature below freezing
c) large and at a temperature below freezing
d) at a temperature below -60C
50.3.2.1 (3562)
Supercooled droplets can be encountered
a) at any time of the year
b) in winter only in high clouds
c) only in winter above 10000 FT
d) only in winter at high altitude
50.3.2.1 (3563)
A super-cooled droplet is
a) a droplet still in liquid state at a temperature below freezing
b) a water droplet that is mainly frozen
c) a small particle of water at a temperature below -50C
d) a water droplet that has been frozen during its descent
50.3.2.1 (3564)
The process by which water vapour is transformed directly into ice is known as

a) sublimation
b) supercooling
c) supersaturation
d) radiation cooling
50.3.2.1 (3565)
When water evaporates into unsaturated air
a) heat is absorbed
b) heat is released
c) relative humidity is not changed
d) relative humidity is decreased
50.3.2.1 (3566)
A super-cooled droplet is one that
a) remains liquid at a below freezing temperature
b) has frozen to become an ice pellet
c) has a shell of ice with water inside it

d) is at an above freezing temperature in below freezing air

50.3.3.1 (3567)
What is the dry adiabatic lapse rate per 1000 FT ?

a) 3.0C.
b) 2.0C
c) 1.5C
d) 3.5C
50.3.3.1 (3568)
A parcel of unsaturated air is lifted to just below the condensation level and then returned to its original
level. What is the final temperature of the parcel of air?
a) The same as the starting temperature.
b) Higher than the starting temperature.
c) Lower than the starting temperature.
d) It depends upon the QFE.
50.3.3.1 (3569)
A parcel of moist but not saturated air rises due to adiabatic effects. Which of the following changes ?
a) Relative humidity
b) Absolute humidity
c) Mixing ratio
d) Specific humidity
50.3.3.1 (3570)
If a saturated air mass descends down a slope its temperature increases at
a) a lower rate than in dry air, as evaporation absorbs heat.
b) the same rate as if the air mass were dry.
c) a lower rate than in dry air, as condensation gives out heat.
d) a higher rate than in dry air, as it gives up latent evaporation heat.
50.3.3.1 (3571)
During an adiabatic process heat is
a) neither added nor lost
b) added
c) lost
d) added but the result is an overall loss
50.3.3.1 (3572)
The decrease in temperature, per 100 metres, in an unsaturated rising parcel of air is
a) 1C
b) 2C
c) 0.65C
d) 0.5C
50.3.3.1 (3573)

The decrease in temperature, per 100 metres, in a saturated rising parcel of air at lower level of the
atmosphere is approximately
a) 0.6C
b) 1C
c) 1.5C
d) 0.35C
50.3.3.1 (3574)
The rate of cooling of ascending saturated air is less than the rate of cooling of ascending unsaturated air
because:
a) heat is released during the condensation process
b) moist air is heavier than dry air
c) water vapour doesn't cool as rapidly as dry air
d) water vapour absorbs the incoming heat from the sun
50.3.3.1 (3575)
A layer is absolutely unstable if the temperature decrease with height is
a) more than 1C per 100m
b) between 1C per 100m and 0.65C per 100m
c) 0.65C per 100m
d) less than 0.65C per 100m
50.3.3.1 (3576)
A layer in which the temperature remains constant with height is
a) absolutely stable
b) unstable
c) neutral
d) conditionally unstable
50.3.3.1 (3577)
A layer in which the temperature increases with height is
a) absolutely stable
b) absolutely unstable
c) conditionally unstable
d) neutral
50.3.3.1 (3578)
A layer in which the temperature decreases with 1C per 100m is
a) neutral for dry air
b) absolutely stable
c) absolutely unstable
d) conditionally unstable
50.3.3.1 (3579)
If in a 100 m thick layer the temperature at the bottom of the layer is 10C and at the top of the layer is 8C
then this layer is
a) absolutely unstable
b) absolutely stable

c) conditionally unstable
d) neutral
50.3.3.1 (3580) An inversion is
a) an absolutely stable layer
b) a conditionally unstable layer
c) an unstable layer
d) a layer that can be either stable or unstable
50.3.3.1 (3581)
In a layer of air the decrease in temperature per 100 metres increase in height is more than 1C. This layer
can be described as being
a) absolutely unstable
b) absolutely stable
c) conditionally unstable
d) conditionally stable
50.3.3.1 (3582)
Which statement is true for a conditionally unstable layer?
a) The environmental lapse rate is less than 1C/100m
b) The environmental lapse rate is less than 0.65C/100m
c) The layer is unstable for unsaturated air
d) The wet adiabatic lapse rate is 0.65C/100m
50.3.3.1 (3583)
The stability in a layer is increasing if
a) warm air is advected in the upper part and cold air in the lower part
b) warm air is advected in the lower part and cold air in the upper part
c) warm and moist air is advected in the lower part
d) cold and dry air is advected in the upper part
50.3.3.1 (3584)
Which of the following statements concerning the lifting of a parcel of air is correct
?
a) Unsaturated parcels cool more rapidly than saturated parcels
b) Unsaturated parcels cool less rapidly than saturated parcels
c) Unsaturated parcels cool at a rate of 0.65C per 100m
d) Saturated parcels always cool at a rate of 0.65C per 100m
50.3.3.1 (3585)
The height of the lifting condensation level is determined by
a) temperature and dewpoint at the surface
b) temperature at surface and air pressure
c) wind and dewpoint at the surface
d) wet adiabatic lapse rate and dewpoint at the surface
50.3.3.1 (3586)
A moist but unsaturated parcel of air becomes saturated by
a) lifting the parcel to a higher level

b) lowering the parcel to a lower level

c) moving the parcel to an area with lower pressure and equal temperature
d) moving the parcel to an area with higher pressure and equal temperature
50.3.3.1 (3587)
A sample of moist but unsaturated air may become saturated by

a) expanding it adiabatically
b) raising the temperature
c) lowering the pressure, keeping temperature constant
d) compressing it adiabatically
50.3.3.1 (3588)
If the surface temperature is 15C , then the temperature at 10000 FT in a current of ascending unsaturated
air is:
a) -15C
b) 0C
c) 5C
d) -5C
50.4.1.1 (3589)
Which of the following is a cause of stratus forming over flat land?
a) Radiation during the night from the earth surface in moderate wind.
b) Unstable air.
c) Convection during the day.
d) The release of latent heat.
50.4.1.1 (3590)
Which of the following processes within a layer of air may lead to the building of CU and CB clouds?
a) Convection.
b) Radiation.
c) Subsidence.
d) Frontal lifting within stable layers.
50.4.1.1 (3591)
What process in an air mass leads to the creation of wide spread NS, AS and ST cloud coverage?
a) Lifting
b) Sinking
c) Convection process
d) Radiation
50.4.1.1 (3592)
Rising air cools because
a) it expands
b) surrounding air is cooler at higher levels
c) it becomes more moist
d) it contracts
50.4.1.1 (3593)

Convective clouds are formed

a) in unstable atmosphere
b) in stable atmosphere
c) in summer during the day only
d) in mid-latitudes only

50.4.1.1 (3594)
In an unstable layer there are cumuliform clouds. The vertical extent of these clouds depends on the
a) thickness of the unstable layer
b) wind direction
c) air pressure at the surface
d) pressure at different levels
50.4.1.2 (3595)
Which of the following clouds may extend into more than one layer?
a) Nimbostratus.
b) Stratus.
c) Altocumulus.
d) Cirrus.
50.4.1.2 (3596)
Which of the following types of clouds are evidence of unstable air conditions?
a) CU, CB.
b) ST, CS.
c) SC, NS.
d) CI, SC.
50.4.1.2 (3597)
Which of the following clouds are classified as medium level clouds in temperate regions ?
a) AS, AC.
b) SC, NS
c) CI, CC.
d) CS, ST.
50.4.1.2 (3598)
(For this question use annex 050-1914A)Which one of the displayed cloud forms is representative of
altocumulus castellanus?
a) 3.
b) 1.
c) 2.
d) 4.
50.4.1.2 (3599)
What is the main composition of clouds classified as ""high level clouds""?
a) Ice crystals.
b) Supercooled water droplets.

c) Water droplets.
d) Water vapour.
50.4.1.2 (3600)
A plain in Western Europe with an average elevation of 500 m (1600 FT) above sea level is covered with a
uniform AC layer of cloud during the summer months. At what height above the ground is the base of this
cloud to be expected?
a) 7000 - 15000 FT above the terrain.
b) 100 - 1500 FT above the terrain.

c) 1500 - 7000 FT above the terrain.

d) 15000 - 25000 FT above the terrain.
50.4.1.2 (3601)
Which of the following cloud is classified as low level cloud ?
a) ST
b) CS
c) AS
d) CC
50.4.1.2 (3602)
Which types of clouds are typical evidence of stable air conditions?
a) ST, AS
b) CU, CB
c) NS, CU
d) CB, CC
50.4.1.2 (3603)
(For this question use annex 050-4273A) Which one of the displayed cloud forms is representative of
altocumulus lenticularis?
a) 2
b) 3
c) 4
d) 1
50.4.1.2 (3604)
(For this question use annex 050-4274A) Which one of the displayed cloud forms is representative of a
cumulonimbus capillatus?
a) 4
b) 3
c) 2
d) 1
50.4.1.2 (3605)
Which of the following types of cloud can extend over the low, medium and high cloud levels ?
a) CB
b) AC
c) ST
d) CI

50.4.1.2 (3606)
A plain in Western Europe with an average height of 500 m (1600 FT) above sea level is covered with a
uniform SC layer of cloud during the summer months. At what height above the ground is the base of this
cloud to be expected?
a) 1500 - 7000 FT above ground
b) 100 - 1500 FT above ground
c) 7000 - 15000 FT above ground
d) 15000 - 25000 FT above ground

50.4.1.2 (3607)
A plain in Western Europe with an average height of 500 m (1600 FT) above sea level is covered with a
uniform CC layer of cloud during the summer months. At what height above the ground is the base of this
cloud to be expected?
a) 15000 - 35000 FT above the terrain
b) 7000 - 15000 FT above the terrain
c) 1500 - 7000 FT above the terrain
d) 100 - 1500 FT above the terrain
50.4.1.2 (3608)
Which of the following cloud types is found at high levels?
a) CI
b) SC
c) AS
d) CU
50.4.1.2 (3609)
Which of the following cloud types is a medium level cloud ?
a) AS
b) CS
c) ST
d) SC
50.4.1.2 (3610) Fallstreaks or virga are
a) water or ice particles falling out of a cloud that evaporate before reaching the ground
b) strong downdraughts in the polar jet stream, associated with jet streaks
c) gusts associated with a well developed Bora
d) strong katabatic winds in mountainous areas and accompanied by heavy precipitation
50.4.1.2 (3611)
Altostratus clouds are classified as
a) medium level clouds
b) low level clouds
c) high level clouds
d) convective clouds
50.4.1.2 (3612)
A cumulonimbus cloud at moderate latitudes in summer contains
a) a combination of ice crystals, water droplets and supercooled water droplets

b) only water droplets

c) only ice crystals
d) a combination of ice crystals and water droplets
50.4.1.2 (3613)
Strongly developed cumulus clouds are an indication of
a) instability in the atmosphere
b) the presence of a low level inversion
c) the presence of warm air aloft
d) poor surface visibility
50.4.1.2 (3614)
Clouds, classified as being low level are considered to have bases from
a) the surface to 6500 FT
b) 1000 to 2000 FT
c) 500 to 1000 FT
d) 100 to 200 FT
50.4.1.2 (3615)
Which of the following are medium level clouds ?
a) Altostratus and altocumulus
b) Cirrocumulus and cirrostratus
c) Cumulonimbus
d) All convective clouds
50.4.1.2 (3616)
What type of cloud is being described ?A generally grey cloud layer with fairly uniform base and uniform
appearance, which may give drizzle or snow grains. When the sun is visible through the cloud, the outline
is clearly discernible.

Sometimes it appears in the form of ragged patches.

a) Stratus
b) Altostratus
c) Nimbostratus
d) Cirrostratus
50.4.1.2 (3617)
The presence of altocumulus castellanus indicates
a) instability in the middle troposphere
b) strong convection at low height
c) stability in the higher troposphere
d) subsidence in a large part of the troposphere
50.4.1.2 (3618)
The presence of altocumulus lenticularis is an indication of the
a) presence of mountain waves
b) risk of orographic thunderstorms
c) development of thermal lows
d) presence of valley winds
50.4.1.4 (3619)
What are the characteristics of cumuliform clouds?

a) Large water droplets, instability, turbulence, showers and mainly clear ice.
b) Small water droplets, stability, no turbulence and extensive areas of rain.
c) Large water droplets, stability, no turbulence, showers and mainly rime ice.
d) Small water droplets, instability, turbulence, extensive areas of rain and rime ice.
50.4.1.4 (3620)
In which of the following conditions is moderate to severe airframe icing most likely to be
encountered?
a) In Nimbostratus cloud
b) Below the freezing level in clear air

c) In clear air above the freezing level

d) Within cloud of any type
50.4.1.4 (3621)
What flying conditions may be encountered when flying in cirrus clouds?
a) Average horizontal visibility more than 1000 m, nil icing.
b) Average horizontal visibility less than 500 m, nil icing.
c) Average horizontal visibility less than 500 m, light to moderate icing.
d) Average horizontal visibility more than 1000 m, light to moderate rime ice.
50.4.1.4 (3622)
Cumulus clouds are an indication for
a) up and downdrafts
b) stability
c) the approach of a cold front
d) the approach of a warm front
50.4.2.1 (3623)
At what time of day, or night, is radiation fog most likely to occur?
a) Shortly after sunrise.
b) At sunset.
c) Late evening.
d) Shortly after midnight.
50.4.2.1 (3624)
What is the average vertical extent of radiation fog?
a) 500 FT.
b) 2 000 FT.
c) 5 000 FT.
d) 10 000 FT.
50.4.2.1 (3625)
What wind conditions, occuring just before dawn, favour the formation of fog at an airport where
the temperature is 15C and the dew point is 14C?
a) Calm.

b) Northerly, 10 kt.
c) Westerly, 10 kt variable.
d) Easterly, 10 kt.
50.4.2.1 (3626)
Which of the following weather conditions favour the formation of radiation fog?
a) Light wind, little or no cloud, moist air.
b) Light wind, extensive cloud, dry air.
c) Light wind, extensive cloud, moist air.
d) Strong wind, little or no cloud, moist air.
50.4.2.1 (3627)
Which of the following is most likely to lead to the dissipation of radiation fog ?
a) A marked increase in wind velocity near the ground
b) A marked decrease in wind velocity close to the ground
c) Ground cooling caused by radiation during the night
d) A build up of a high pressure area resulting in adiabatic warming associated with a sinking air mass
50.4.2.1 (3628)
The most likely reason for radiation fog to dissipate or become low stratus is :
a) increasing surface wind speed.
b) an increasingly stable atmosphere.
c) surface cooling.
d) a low level temperature inversion.
50.4.2.1 (3629)
What are the differences between radiation fog and advection fog ?
a) Radiation fog forms due to surface cooling at night in a light wind. Advection fog forms when
warm humid air flows over a cold surface.
b) Radiation fog forms only on the ground, advection fog only on the sea.
c) Radiation fog forms due to night cooling and advection fog due to daytime cooling.
d) Radiation fog is formed by surface cooling in a calm wind. Advection fog is formed by evaporation over the
sea.
50.4.2.1 (3630)
What type of fog is most likely to form over flat land during a clear night, with calm or light wind
conditions ?
a) Radiation.
b) Advection.
c) Steam.
d) Orographic.
50.4.2.1 (3631)
Under which of these conditions is radiation fog most likely to form?
a) Little or no cloud
b) Very dry air
c) Strong surface winds
d) Very low temperatures

50.4.2.1 (3632)
Which of the following is most likely to lead to the formation of radiation fog?
a) Heat loss from the ground on clear nights
b) Dry, warm air passing over warm ground
c) The passage of fronts
d) Cold air passing over warm ground
50.4.2.1 (3633)
When the temperature and dew point are less than one degree apart the weather conditions are
most likely to be
a) fog or low cloud
b) clear and cool
c) high scattered clouds
d) unlimited visibility

50.4.2.1 (3634)
The morning following a clear, calm night when the temperature has dropped to the dewpoint, is
likely to produce
a) radiation fog
b) a cold front
c) advection fog
d) good clear weather
50.4.2.1 (3635)
Which of the following circumstances most favour the development of radiation fog?
a) Moist air over land during clear night with little wind
b) Warm moist air at the windward side of a mountain
c) Maritime tropical air flowing over cold sea
d) Advection of very cold air over much warmer sea
50.4.2.1 (3636) Freezing fog consists of
a) supercooled water droplets
b) frozen water droplets
c) frozen minute snow flakes
d) ice crystals
50.4.2.1 (3637)
The range of wind speed in which radiation fog is most likely to form is :
a) below 5 kt
b) between 10 and 15 kt
c) between 5 and 10 kt
d) above 15 kt
50.4.2.2 (3638)
Which of the following conditions is most likely to lead to the formation of advection fog ?
a) Moist warm air moving over a cold surface

b) Moist cold air moving over a warm surface

c) Dry warm air moving over a cold surface
d) Dry cold air moving over a warm surface
50.4.2.2 (3639)
Which type of fog is likely to form when air having temperature of 15C and dew point of 12C blows at 10
knots over a sea surface having temperatures of 5C ?

a) Advection fog
b) Radiation fog
c) Steam fog
d) Frontal fog
50.4.2.2 (3640)
Advection fog can be formed when
a) warm moist air flows over a colder surface
b) cold moist air flows over a warmer surface
c) warm moist air flows over a warmer surface
d) cold moist air flows over warmer water
50.4.2.2 (3641)
Which of the following statements is true concerning advection fog?
a) It can be formed suddenly by day or night
b) It forms at night or the early morning
c) It forms when unstable air is cooled adiabatically
d) It forms slowly and disappears rapidly
50.4.2.3 (3642)
Which of the following conditions is most likely to lead to the formation of steam fog (arctic
smoke)?
a) Cold air moving over warm water
b) Warm air moving over cold water
c) The sea is warmed by strong radiation from the sun
d) The coastal region of the sea cools at night
50.4.2.3 (3643)
Steaming fog (arctic sea smoke) occurs in air
a) with cold mass properties
b) with warm mass properties
c) that is absolutely stable
d) that is stable
50.4.2.4 (3644)
When does frontal fog, also known as mixing fog, occur?
a) When very humid warm air meets with very humid cold air.
b) When very humid warm air meets with dry cold air.
c) When very humid cold air meets with dry warm air.
d) When very dry cold air meets with very dry warm air.
50.4.2.4 (3645)
Frontal fog is most likely to occur

a) in advance of a warm front

b) in rear of a warm front
c) in summer in the early morning
d) in winter in the early morning
50.4.2.5 (3646)
What conditions are most likely to lead to the formation of hill fog?
a) Humid stable air mass, wind blowing towards the hills.
b) High relative humidity and an unstable air mass
c) Clear skies, calm or light winds, with relatively low humidity
d) Precipitation which is lifted by the action of moderate winds striking the range
50.5.1.1 (3647)
Which form of precipitation from clouds containing only water is most likely to fall in mid-latitudes?
a) Drizzle.
b) Moderate rain with large drops.
c) Heavy rain with large drops.
d) Hail.
50.5.1.1 (3648)
How does freezing rain develop?
a) Rain falls through a layer where temperatures are below 0C
b) Rain falls on cold ground and then freezes
c) Through melting of sleet grains
d) Through melting of ice crystals
50.5.2.1 (3649)
With what type of clouds are showers most likely associated?
a) Cumulonimbus.
b) Stratocumulus.
c) Nimbostratus.
d) Stratus.
50.5.2.1 (3650)
Which one of the following types of cloud is most likely to produce heavy precipitation ?
a) NS.
b) CS.
c) SC.
d) ST.
50.5.2.1 (3651)
Which of the following are favourable conditions for the formation of freezing rain?

a) Warm air aloft from which rain is falling into air with a temperature below 0C.
b) Water droplets falling from cold air aloft with a temperature below 0C.
c) Cold air aloft from which hail is falling into air that is warm.
d) An isothermal layer aloft with a temperature just above 0C through which rain is falling.
50.5.2.1 (3652)
What type of cloud can produce hail showers?

a) CB
b) NS
c) CS
d) AC
50.5.2.1 (3653)
The presence of ice pellets at the surface is evidence that
a) freezing rain occurs at a higher altitude
b) a cold front has passed
c) there are thunderstorms in the area
d) a warm front has passed
50.5.2.1 (3654)
With which of the following types of cloud is ""+RA"" precipitation most commonly associated?
a) NS
b) AC
c) SC
d) ST
50.5.2.1 (3655)
With what type of cloud is ""GR"" precipitation most commonly associated?
a) CB
b) AS
c) ST
d) CC
50.5.2.1 (3656)
With what type of cloud is ""DZ"" precipitation most commonly associated?
a) ST
b) CB
c) CC
d) CU
50.5.2.1 (3657)
Which of the following cloud types is least likely to produce precipitation ?
a) CI
b) AS
c) CB
d) NS
50.5.2.1 (3658)
With what type of cloud is heavy precipitation unlikely during the summer months ?
a) SC, AS
b) CB, ST
c) NS, CC
d) AS, NS
50.5.2.1 (3659)
With what type of cloud is ""+TSRA"" precipitation most commonly associated?

a) CB
b) AS
c) SC
d) NS
50.5.2.1 (3660)
Freezing precipitation occurs
a) mainly in the form of freezing rain or freezing drizzle
b) only in the precipitation of a cold front
c) only in the precipitation of a warm front
d) mainly in the form of freezing hail or freezing snow
50.5.2.1 (3661)
Freezing rain occurs when
a) rain falls into a layer of air with temperatures below 0C
b) ice pellets melt
c) water vapour first turns into water droplets
d) snow falls into an above-freezing layer of air
50.5.2.1 (3662)
Precipitation in the form of showers occurs mainly from
a) convective clouds
b) stratified clouds
c) cirro-type clouds
d) clouds containing only ice crystals
50.5.2.1 (3663)
Steady precipitation, in contrast to showery precipitation falls from
a) stratiform clouds with little or no turbulence
b) convective clouds with little or no turbulence
c) stratiform clouds with severe turbulence
d) convective clouds with moderate turbulence
50.5.2.1 (3664) Large hail stones
a) are typically associated with severe thunderstorms
b) only occur in thunderstorms of mid-latitudes
c) are entirely composed of clear ice
d) only occur in frontal thunderstorms
50.5.2.1 (3665)
The following statements deal with precipitation, turbulence and icing. Select the list containing
the most likely alternatives for NS cloud:
a) Precipitation may be snow, sleet or rain. Icing is probable and may range between light and
severe. Turbulence is rarely more than moderate.
b) Precipitation may be snow, sleet or rain. Icing and turbulence are frequently severe.
c) Precipitation is frequently in the form of hail. Icing and turbulence are frequently severe.
d) Precipitation and icing are usually nil. Turbulence is rarely more than moderate.

50.5.2.1 (3666)
From what type of cloud does drizzle fall ?
a) Stratus.
b) Altostratus
c) Cumulus
d) Cirrostratus.
50.5.2.1 (3667)
What type of clouds are associated with rain showers ?
a) Towering cumulus and cumulonimbus.
b) Towering cumulus and altostratus.
c) Altostratus and stratus.
d) Nimbostratus.
50.5.2.1 (3668)
What type of clouds are associated with snow showers ?
a) Cumulus and cumulonimbus
b) Cumulus and altostratus
c) Altostratus and stratus
d) Nimbostratus
50.6.1.1 (3669)
An airmass is unstable when
a) an ascending parcel of air continues to rise to a considerable height.
b) temperature and humidity are not constant
c) pressure shows a marked variation over a given horizontal area
d) temperature increases with height
50.6.1.1 (3670)
An airmass is stable when
a) the vertical motion of a rising parcel of air tends to become weaker and disappears.
b) temperature in a given area drops off very rapidly with height
c) pressure is constant
d) the lapse rate is 1C per 100 m
50.6.1.2 (3671)
What are the typical differences between the temperature and humidity between an air mass with
its origin in the Azores and an air mass with its origin over northern Russia ?
a) The air of the Azores is warmer and more humid than the North-Russian air.
b) The North-Russian air is colder and more humid than the air of the Azores.
c) The air of the Azores is warmer and dryer than the North-Russian air.
d) The North-Russian air is warmer and dryer than the air of the Azores.
50.6.1.2 (3672)
Where is the source of tropical continental air that affects Europe in summer?
a) The southern Balkan region and the Near East.
b) Southern Italy.
c) Southern France.

d) The Azores region.

50.6.1.2 (3673)
Where does polar continental air originate?
a) Siberian landmass.
b) Areas of arctic water.
c) The region of the Baltic sea.
d) The region of Greenland.
50.6.1.2 (3674)
In which air mass are extremely low temperatures encountered?
a) Polar continental air.
b) Polar maritime air.
c) Tropical continental air.
d) Arctic maritime air.

50.6.1.2 (3675)
(For this question use annex 050-2065A)What is the classification of the airmass affecting position
""Q"" at 0600 UTC?
a) Tropical maritime.
b) Polar maritime.
c) Polar continental.
d) Tropical continental.
50.6.1.2 (3676)
In which of the following regions does polar maritime air originate ?
a) East of Greenland
b) Region of British Isles
c) Baltic Sea
d) Black Sea
50.6.2.1 (3677)
What type of low pressure area is associated with a surface front?
a) Polar front low.
b) A cold air pool.
c) A low on lee side of a mountain.
d) Heat low.
50.6.2.1 (3678)
At what time of the year, are the paths of north Atlantic lows moving from west to east generally at
their most southerly position?
a) Winter.
b) Summer.
c) Spring.
d) Autumn.
50.6.2.1 (3679)
The polar front is the boundary between:

a) polar air and tropical air.

b) arctic air and polar air.
c) arctic air and tropical air.
d) maritime polar air and continental polar air.
50.6.2.1 (3680)
(For this question use annex 050-4297A)Examining the pictures, on which one of the tracks (dashed
lines) is this cross-section to be expected?
a) Track B-D
b) Track B-C
c) Track A-D
d) Track A-E
50.6.2.2 (3681)
What type of fronts are most likely to be present during the winter in Central Europe when
temperatures close to the ground are below 0C, and freezing rain starts to fall?
a) Warm fronts, warm occlusions.
b) Cold occlusions.
c) High level cold fronts.
d) Cold fronts.
50.6.2.2 (3682)
Which of the following conditions are you most likely to encounter when approaching an active
warm front at medium to low level ?
a) Low cloud base and poor visibility.
b) Severe thunderstorms at low altitude.
c) Extreme turbulence and severe lightning striking the ground.
d) High cloud base, good surface visibility, and isolated thunderstorms.
50.6.2.2 (3683)
During a cross-country flight at FL 50, you observe the following sequence of clouds:Nimbostratus,
Altostratus, Cirrostratus, Cirrus.Which of the following are you most likely to encounter ?
a) Decreasing temperatures.
b) Strong, gusty winds.
c) A strong downdraught.
d) Increasing temperatures.
50.6.2.2 (3684)
What cloud formation is most likely to occur at low levels when a warm air mass overrides a cold
air mass?
a) Nimbostratus.
b) Cumulus.
c) Altostratus.
d) Cumulonimbus.
50.6.2.2 (3685)
The approximate inclined plane of a warm front is:

a) 1/150
b) 1/50
c) 1/300
d) 1/500
50.6.2.2 (3686)
In which of the following situations can freezing rain be encountered ?
a) Ahead of a warm front in the winter
b) Ahead of a cold front in the winter
c) Behind a warm front in the summer
d) Ahead of a cold front in the summer
50.6.2.2 (3687)
How do air masses move at a warm front ?
a) Warm air overrides a cold air mass
b) Cold air overrides a warm air mass
c) Cold air undercuts a warm air mass
d) Warm air undercuts a cold air mass

50.6.2.2 (3688)
What types of cloud will you meet flying towards a warm front ?
a) At some 800 km CS, later AS, and at some 300 km NS until the front
b) Extensive areas of fog. At some 100 km from the front NS begin
c) At some 500 km AS, later CS and at some 80 km before the front CB
d) At some 500 km from the front, groups of CB, later at some 250 km thickening AS
50.6.2.2 (3689)
If you have to fly through a warm front when freezing level is at 10000 feet in the warm air and at
2000 feet in the cold air, at which altitude is the probability of freezing rain the lowest ?
a) 12000 feet
b) 9000 feet
c) 5000 feet
d) 3000 feet
50.6.2.2 (3690)
Read this description: ""After such a fine day, the ring around the moon was a bad sign yesterday
evening for the weather today. And, sure enough, it is pouring down outside. The clouds are
making an oppressively low ceiling of uniform grey, but at least it has become a little bit warmer.""
Which of these weather phenomena is being described?
a) A warm front
b) A blizzard
c) Weather at the back of a cold front
d) A cold front
50.6.2.2 (3691)
Thunderstorms in exceptional circumstances can occur in a warm front if
a) the warm air is convectively unstable.
b) the cold air is convectively unstable.
c) the cold air is convectively stable.
d) the warm air is convectively stable.

50.6.2.2 (3692)
On an aerodrome, when a warm front is approaching
a) QFE and QNH decrease.
b) QFE and QNH increase.
c) QFE increases and QNH decreases.
d) QFE decreases and QNH increases.
50.6.2.2 (3693)
The main factor which contributes to the formation of very low clouds ahead of a warm front is the
a) saturation of the cold air by rain falling into it and evaporating
b) saturation of the warm air by rain falling into it and evaporating
c) reduction of outgoing radiation due to clouds
d) warm air moving over a cold surface
50.6.2.3 (3694)
After passing at right angles through a very active cold front in the direction of the cold air, what
will you encounter, in the northern hemisphere immediately after a marked change in temperature?
a) A veering in the wind direction.
b) A backing in the wind direction.
c) An increase in tailwind.
d) A decrease in headwind.
50.6.2.3 (3695)
(For this question use annex 050-2388A)What change in pressure, will occur at point A, during the
next hour?
a) A rise in pressure
b) A drop in pressure
c) Irregular fluctuations
d) Approximately constant pressure
50.6.2.3 (3696)
What type of precipitation would you expect at an active unstable cold front?
a) Showers associated with thunderstorms
b) Freezing rain
c) Light to moderate continuous rain
d) Drizzle
50.6.2.3 (3697)
What is the relative movement of the two airmasses along a cold front ?
a) Cold air pushes under a warm air mass
b) Warm air pushes over a cold air mass
c) Cold air slides over a warm air mass
d) Warm air pushes under a cold air mass
50.6.2.3 (3698)
Which of the following is typical for the passage of a cold front in the summer ?
a) Mainly towering clouds
b) Mainly layered clouds
c) Rapid drop in pressure once the front has passed

d) Rapid increase in temperature once the front has passed

50.6.2.4 (3699)
Over Central Europe what type of cloud cover is typical of the warm sector of a depression during
winter?
a) ST with drizzle.
b) CI, CS.
c) Fair weather CU.
d) CU, CB.
50.6.2.4 (3700)
What is the surface visibility most likely to be, in a warm sector of tropical maritime air, during the
summer?
a) Moderate (several km).
b) Very poor (less than 1 km).
c) Good (greater than 10 km).
d) Very good (greater than 50 km).

50.6.2.4 (3701)
What cloud cover is typical for a wide warm sector of a polar front depression over Central Europe
in the summer ?
a) Fair weather CU
b) BKN CU and CB
c) Sky clear
d) ST with drizzle
50.6.2.4 (3702)
What will be the effect on the reading of an altimeter of an aircraft parked on the ground during
the period following the passage of an active cold front ?
a) It will have decreased.
b) It will remain unchanged.
c) It will have increased.
d) It will show a small increase or decrease.
50.6.2.4 (3703)
What will be the effect on the reading of an altimeter of an aircraft parked on the ground shortly
before an active cold front passes?
a) It will be increasing.
b) It will remain unchanged.
c) It will be decreasing.
d) It will fluctuate up and down by about +/- 50 feet.
50.6.2.4 (3704)
What will be the effect on the reading of an altimeter of an aircraft parked on the ground as an
active cold front is passing?
a) It will first increase then decrease.
b) It will remain unchanged.

c) It will first decrease then increase.

d) It will fluctuate up and down by about +/- 50 feet.
50.6.2.5 (3705)
What weather conditions are prevalent during the summer, over the North Sea, approximately 300
km behind a quickly moving cold front?
a) Cloud cover mostly scattered, isolated showers.
b) Showers and thunderstorms.
c) Rain covering a large area, 8 octas NS.
d) 8 octas CS, AS without precipitation.
50.6.2.6 (3706)
Where is the coldest air to be found, in an occlusion with cold front characteristics?
a) Behind the front.
b) Ahead of the front.
c) At the surface position of the front.
d) At the junction of the occlusion.
50.6.2.6 (3707)
Which of the following describes a warm occlusion?
a) The coldest air mass is ahead of the original warm front
b) The air mass behind the front is more unstable than the air mass ahead of the front
c) The air mass ahead of the front is drier than the air mass behind the front
d) The warmer air mass is ahead of the original warm front
50.6.2.6 (3708)
When do cold occlusions occur most frequently in Europe?
a) Summer
b) Winter
c) Autumn and winter
d) Winter and spring
50.6.2.6 (3709)
(For this question use annex 050 -2060A)Which one of the tracks (dashed lines) is represented by
the cross-section shown on the left ?
a) Track D-A
b) Track C-A
c) Track B-A
d) Track B-C
50.6.2.6 (3710)
(For this question use annex 050-2061A)Which cross-section of air mass and cloud presentation is
applicable to the straight line A-B?
a) 3
b) 1
c) 2
d) 4
50.6.2.6 (3711)
How are the air masses distributed in a cold occlusion ?

a) The coldest air mass behind and the less cold air in front of the occlusion, the warm air mass is
above ground level.
b) The coldest air in front of and the less cold air is behind the occlusion, the warm air mass is above ground
level.
c) The coldest air in front of and the warm air behind the occlusion, the less cold air is above ground level.
d) The coldest air behind and the warm air in front of the occlusion, the less cold air mass is above ground level.
50.6.2.6 (3712)
In a polar front depression, an occlusion is called a warm occlusion when the cold air
a) behind is less cold than the cold air in front, with the warm air at a high altitude.
b) in front of the surface position of front is only at a high altitude.
c) behind is colder than the cold air in front.
d) behind is colder than the cold air in front, with the warm air being at a high altitude.
50.6.2.6 (3713)
In a warm front occlusion
a) the warm air is lifted
b) the warm front overtakes the cold front
c) the warm front becomes a front aloft
d) the cold air is lifted

50.6.2.7 (3714)
What characterizes a stationary front ?
a) The surface wind usually has its direction parallel to the front
b) The surface wind usually has its direction perpendicular to the front
c) The warm air moves at approximately half the speed of the cold air
d) The weather conditions that it originates is a combination between those of an intense cold front and those of
a warm and very active front
50.6.2.8 (3715)
In which approximate direction does the centre of a frontal depression move?
a) In the direction of the warm sector isobars.
b) In the direction of the isobars ahead of the warm front.
c) In the direction of the sharpest pressure increase.
d) In the direction of the isobars behind the cold front.
50.6.2.8 (3716)
What type of front / occlusion usually moves the fastest?
a) Cold front.
b) Warm front.
c) Cold occlusion.
d) Warm occlusion.
50.6.2.8 (3717)
In which main direction does a polar front depression move?
a) Along the front towards the east

b) Along the front towards the west

c) Across the front towards the north
d) Across the front towards the south
50.6.2.8 (3718)
(For this question use annex 050-2064A)Refer to the diagram. Assuming the usual direction of
movement, where will this polar frontal wave have moved ?
a) Position 3
b) Position 1
c) Position 2
d) Position 4
50.6.2.8 (3719)
Frontal depressions can be assumed to move in the direction of the 2000 feet wind
a) in the warm sector
b) in front of the warm front
c) behind the cold front
d) at the apex of the wave
50.6.2.8 (3720)
A frontal depression passes through the airport. What form of precipitation do you expect ?
a) Continuous rain or snow during 6 hours until the warm front arrives. The precipitation stops for
several hours within the warm sector. On the arrival of the cold front, showers within a couple of
hours.
b) Continous rain or snow while the frontal wave passes for a period of some 24 hours.

310

c) Showers during some 2 hours until the warm front arrives. Drizzle in the warm sector within 12 hours. Rain or
snow on the passage of the cold front.
d) Rain or snow during about 12 hours until the warm front arrives. Within the warm sector the rain increases.
Improvement on the passage of the cold front.
50.6.2.8 (3721)
(For this question use annex 050 -4298A)Refer to the diagram. Assuming the usual direction of
movement, to which position will the polar frontal wave have moved ?

a) Position C
b) Position D
c) Position A
d) Position B
50.6.2.8 (3722)
(For this question use annex 050-4389A)This chart shows the weather conditions on the ground at
0600 UTC on May 4. Which of the following reports reflects weather development at Geneva
Airport?
a) TAF LSGG 230716 23016KT 8000 -RA BKN030 OVC070 BECMG 0810 5000 RA BKN020 OVC050
TEMPO 3000 +RA BKN010 OVC030 BECMG 1215 25014KT 8000 SCT030 BKN090 =
b) TAF LSGG 230716 05014KT 5000 OVC015 BECMG 0810 8000 BKN018 BECMG 1013 05015G30KT 9999
SCT025 =
c) TAF LSGG 230716 26012KT 9999 SCT030 BKN080 TEMPO 1013 25020G35KT 3000 TSRA or +SHRA
BKN030CB BECMG 1316 VRB02KT 3000 BCFG SCT100 =
d) TAF LSGG 230716 VRB03KT 6000 BR SCT020 BECMG 0811 23005KT 9999 SCT025TCU PROB 40 TEMPO 1216
34012G30KT 3000 TSRA BKN020CB =
50.6.2.8 (3723)
In Zurich during a summer day the following weather observations were taken:160450Z 23015KT
3000 +RA SCT008 SCT020 OVC030 13/12 Q1010 NOSIG =160650Z 25008KT 6000 SCT040 BKN090
18/14 Q1010 RERA NOSIG =160850Z 25006KT 8000 SCT040 SCT100 19/15 Q1009 NOSIG =161050Z
24008KT 9999 SCT040 SCT100 21/15 Q1008 NOSIG =161250Z 23012KT CAVOK 23/16 Q1005 NOSIG
=161450Z 23016KT 9999 SCT040 BKN090 24/17 Q1003 BECMG 25020G40KT TS =161650Z
24018G35KT 3000 +TSRA SCT006 BKN015CB 18/16 Q1002 NOSIG =161850Z 28012KT 9999 SCT030
SCT100 13/11 Q1005 NOSIG =What do you conclude based on these observations?
a) A warm front passed the station early in the morning and a cold front during late afternoon
b) A cold front passed the station early in the morning and a warm front during late afternoon
c) A trough line passed the station early in the morning and a warm front during late afternoon
d) Storm clouds due to warm air came close to and grazed the station
50.6.2.8 (3724)
An observer on the northern hemisphere is under influence of the wind system of a depression,
which is moving from West to East. The centre of the depression passes to the South of the
observer. For this observer the wind direction is
a) continuously backing
b) continuously veering
c) initially backing, then veering
d) initially veering, then backing

50.7.1.1 (3725)
In which of the following areas do surface high pressure systems usually predominate over the
North Atlantic region between 30N and 65N and the adjoining land areas during the northern
summer?
a) Azores, SE USA, SW Europe
b) Greenland, Azores, NE Canada
c) Iceland, SW USA, Azores
d) Greenland, SW Europe, NE Canada
50.7.1.1 (3726)
Select the answer which you consider will complete correctly the following statement in relation to
the main pressure systems affecting the North Atlantic region between 30N and 65N. During
winter the predominant mean low pressure system at the surface is usually centred over
a) Iceland / Greenland
b) USA
c) Siberia
d) Azores
50.7.1.1 (3727)
Considering the North Atlantic region between 30N and 65N and the adjacent land areas during
mid-summer, the predominant pressure systems are
a) Azores high and weak low over NE Canada
b) Scandinavian high and Azores high
c) weak low over NE Canada and Scandinavian high
d) Azores low and Icelandic high
50.7.1.1 (3728)
Considering the North Atlantic region between 30N and 65N together with the adjacent land
areas during winter, the normal disposition of the main anticyclones at the surface is
a) Azores, Siberia
b) Siberia, Iceland, Canaries
c) NE Canada, Iceland
d) Greenland, Iberian peninsula
50.7.2.1 (3729)
What is the correct term for the descending air flow in a large high pressure area?
a) Subsidence.
b) Convergence.
c) Advection.
d) Convection.
50.7.2.1 (3730)
What surface weather is associated with a stationary high pressure region over land in the winter?
a) A tendency for fog and low ST.
b) Thunderstorms.
c) NS with continuous rain.
d) The possibility of snow showers.