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Single and Three Phase Wattmeter and Energy Meters

This document discusses various types of electrical and electronics instruments. It describes the principles and types of analog and digital voltmeters as well as multimeters. It also covers single and three phase wattmeters and energy meters. Additionally, it discusses instruments for magnetic measurements like determination of the B-H curve and measurement of iron loss. It briefly introduces instrument transformers and instruments for measurement of frequency and phase. The document provides details on different analog instruments, their classification, principles of operation including magnetic, thermal, electrostatic and induction effects. It describes various types of analog instruments like permanent magnet moving coil, moving iron, electrodynamometer, hot wire, thermocouple, induction and electrostatic types.

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408 views29 pages

Single and Three Phase Wattmeter and Energy Meters

This document discusses various types of electrical and electronics instruments. It describes the principles and types of analog and digital voltmeters as well as multimeters. It also covers single and three phase wattmeters and energy meters. Additionally, it discusses instruments for magnetic measurements like determination of the B-H curve and measurement of iron loss. It briefly introduces instrument transformers and instruments for measurement of frequency and phase. The document provides details on different analog instruments, their classification, principles of operation including magnetic, thermal, electrostatic and induction effects. It describes various types of analog instruments like permanent magnet moving coil, moving iron, electrodynamometer, hot wire, thermocouple, induction and electrostatic types.

Uploaded by

jitenkg
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Electrical And Electronics

Instruments
N Krishna Prakash

UNIT - 2
ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS INSTRUMENTS
Principle and types of analog voltmeters
Principle and types of digital voltmeters
Principle and types of Multimeter
Single and three phase wattmeter
Single and three phase energy meters.
Magnetic measurements
Determination of B-H curve
Measurements of iron loss
Instrument transformers
Instruments for measurement of frequency and
phase

Analog Instruments

An analog device is one in which the


output or display is a continuous
function of time and bears a
constant relation to its input.

Classification

Classified based upon the quantity they


measure (ammeter, voltmeter)
Classified according to the current that
can be measured by them.(DC,AC)
Classified according to the effects used
for working.
Classified as Indicating, Recording,
Integrating.
Classified on the basis of method used
for comparing the unknown quantity.
(Direct / Comparison measurement )

Principle of operation

Magnetic Effect.
Thermal Effect.
Electrostatic Effect
Induction Effect.
Hall Effect.

Magnetic Effect

Force Between Current


carrying Magnet

Force Between Two Current


Carrying Coils

Hall Effects

Operating Forces

Deflecting Force.
Controlling Force.
Damping Force.

Supporting the moving


element

Suspension
Taut Suspension
Pivot and jewel bearings.

Control Systems

Gravity Control.
Spring Control.

Analog Ammeters

Ammeters are connected in series


in the circuit whose current is to be
measured. The power loss in an
ammeter is I2Ra.Therefore ammeters
should have a low electrical
resistance so that they cause a
small voltage drop and
consequently absorb small power.

Analog Voltmeters

Voltmeters are connected in parallel


in the circuit whose voltage is to be
measured. The power loss in an
ammeter is V2/RV.Therefore
voltmeters should have a high
electrical resistance so that they
cause a small voltage drop and
consequently absorb small power.

Types of Instruments

Permanent magnet moving coil


(PMMC).
Moving Iron
Electro-dynamometer type.
Hot wire type.
Thermocouple type.
Induction type.
Electrostatic type.
Rectifier type.

PMMC

Moving Iron Instruments


Attraction Type

Repulsion Type Moving Iron


Instruments

Electrodynamometer Type

Wattmeter

Power Measurement in 3
phase 3 wire system

Two wattmeter method

Energy meters

Single Phase Energy Meter

Poly Phase Energy Meter

THANK YOU

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