This document discusses a case study of Ronald, a 15-year-old boy who is experiencing abuse from his mother. It provides definitions of different types of child abuse including physical abuse, emotional abuse, emotional neglect, and physical neglect. It analyzes how Ronald's situation aligns with these definitions. It also discusses Maslow's hierarchy of needs and how Ronald's experiences are negatively impacting his needs. The document provides guidance on counseling Ronald and differentiating between parental involvement and parental counseling. It examines the phenomenon of child trauma and its effects on Ronald's development and schoolwork.
This document discusses a case study of Ronald, a 15-year-old boy who is experiencing abuse from his mother. It provides definitions of different types of child abuse including physical abuse, emotional abuse, emotional neglect, and physical neglect. It analyzes how Ronald's situation aligns with these definitions. It also discusses Maslow's hierarchy of needs and how Ronald's experiences are negatively impacting his needs. The document provides guidance on counseling Ronald and differentiating between parental involvement and parental counseling. It examines the phenomenon of child trauma and its effects on Ronald's development and schoolwork.
This document discusses a case study of Ronald, a 15-year-old boy who is experiencing abuse from his mother. It provides definitions of different types of child abuse including physical abuse, emotional abuse, emotional neglect, and physical neglect. It analyzes how Ronald's situation aligns with these definitions. It also discusses Maslow's hierarchy of needs and how Ronald's experiences are negatively impacting his needs. The document provides guidance on counseling Ronald and differentiating between parental involvement and parental counseling. It examines the phenomenon of child trauma and its effects on Ronald's development and schoolwork.
This document discusses a case study of Ronald, a 15-year-old boy who is experiencing abuse from his mother. It provides definitions of different types of child abuse including physical abuse, emotional abuse, emotional neglect, and physical neglect. It analyzes how Ronald's situation aligns with these definitions. It also discusses Maslow's hierarchy of needs and how Ronald's experiences are negatively impacting his needs. The document provides guidance on counseling Ronald and differentiating between parental involvement and parental counseling. It examines the phenomenon of child trauma and its effects on Ronald's development and schoolwork.
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According to Ericksons eight stages of psychological development Ronalds stage of psychological is identity vs. role confusion also known as the adolescence stage since she is 15 years old. Description teenager must achieve a sense of identity in occupation, sex roles, politics and religion.
1.2DEFINATIONS 1.2.1 Child Abuse The National Education Department Circular 12of 1987 stipulates that child abuse can be defined as physical, emotional or sexual abuse by parents or any adult responsible for care and wellbeing of a child. Depriving the child of a proper diet, medical attention and education can also constitute child abuse. In this case Ronald is a victim of child abuse; he is being abused by his mother physically as the doctor saw bruises in his body that shows that he is being beaten by his mother physically she fails responsibility of protecting him. Ronald mother was supposed to protect and give him right to play not to beat him and choose for him what hobby to do. Ronalds mother didnt give him a chance to explain exactly what happened to doctor she just answered first instead of giving Ronalds a chance to do so she seems like theres something shes hiding.
Lourie and Stefano (in Hobb et al 1993: 108) defines emotional abuse as an injury the Intellectual or psychological capacity of the child, as evidenced by an observable and substantial impairment in his or her ability to function within his normal range of performance and behavior with due regards to his or her culture. Ronald psychological capacity is merely affected about the whole abuse situation that hes going through, he cant even function as a normal child he doesnt act normal like any other learners in class and his school work is being affected too. Ronald is being abused by his own mother with reference to some of the components of emotional abuse first is rejection, Ronalds mother dont give him the right to play as it is stated in CHILDREN RIGHTS that the child have a right to play. Secondly is isolation he is being ordered to leave his favorite sport (SOCCER) that makes him feel alone in the backbone. Thirdly terrorizing Ronalds mother told him that he mustnt be sissy when hes felling pain and said he told him several times that he must stop this soccer thing but couldnt listen, she didnt even give chance to explain of what happened and when did this happen she just answered first like theres more to tell and preventing Ronald to tell the doctor. Ronalds mother was shouting at him when he was feeling pain in doctors room instead of comforting.
1.2.3 Emotional Neglect
Whiting (1976:2) states that emotional neglect is a result of subtle or blatant omission or commission experienced by the child, which causes the child to experience handicapping stress. Neglect also entails meaningful adults inability to provide the child with the necessary nurturance, stimulation, encouragement and protection at various stages of his or her development, which inhibits his or her optimal functioning. The inability to provide a child with necessary nurturance, stimulation and encouragement hence the child experience stress and the unable to cope. Ronald is being blamed by his mother for his injury of sprinkle spray he tells the doctor that he is a clumsy kid in this case she is trying to cover herself to the doctor and trying to stop him to explain what happened to him. This affects his psychological mentality. Ronalds mother is neglecting him by not getting him help as soon as she find out that hes being injured, she was supposed to get him an emergency help because she didnt know how bad he 2
was injured. Ronalds mother was supposed to give Ronald a chance to explain everything to the doctor but she just answered first as if theres something shes hiding.
1.2.4 Physical Neglect
Refers to the failure to protect a child from exposure to any kind of danger, including cold or starvation or extreme failure by educator (parent or child carers) to carryout important aspects of care, resulting in the impairment of the childs health development (Hobbs et al 1993:89) In this case Ronalds mother failed to protect her son as a carer who is responsible of his well-being. Ronalds mother was supposed to take him to the doctor as soon as she finds out that he is injured but she waited for 3 day until he took him to the doctor. The doctor finds bruises in Ronalds body that shows that hes being physical neglected Ronalds mother was supposed to tell the doctor about that bruises if shes not responsible about them in this case it shows that shes responsible for that bruises as the doctor was taking a good look in them and noticed that they are older, she told the doctor to not focus on that bruises he must focus on the one that they are coming for.
1.3 Maslows hierarchy of need
The possible effects on Ronalds behavior may result negatively on physiological needs he may feel about the clothes he wear and may try to cover his skin to hide his bruises in his body. On safety needs he may develop a sense if being unsafe when he is around his mother because his mother used to beat him he will be afraid even to be at home when shes around. Belonging and love Ronalds may feel that she doesnt belong anywhere because her mother neglected her now that may cause him to feel unloved. His self-esteem is low because he is ashamed of his situation and he was embarrassed to even tell his friend that his parent dont want him to go to soccer pitch, also his school work is affected due to this incident he may not be able to concentrate in class because visuals of her mother shouting at him in his mind.
To give advice or information aimed at resolving or difficulty, especially as given by
someone in authority www.wikipedia/guidance.com
2.1.2 Counseling Cancelling can be defined as a facilitative process during which the counselor, working within a framework of a special relationship, uses specific skills to help young people to help themselves more effectively (Gills 1997:2)
2.1.3 Support for learning problems
Support for learning problems refers to problems experienced by a particular group of children who give evidence of shortcomings in the development and use of listening, speaking, reading, writing, comprehension and mathematical abilities and show a discrepancy between the given potential and the actual level at which they function. As a pastoral carer/educator I can only give guidance to Ronald and advice her on important steps that she has to take for all necessary help from the social workers, SAPS, psychologists and examine his health for possible infections.
2.2 THE PHENOMENON OF CHILD TRAUMA AND ITS
EFFECT ON RONALD Ronald as a learner facing abuse at home his school work get affected due to stressful events happening at home which can be a barrier of learning because he is worry about going home having to deal with abuse. According to Lewis 1995:5 the way the child experience stress depends on only on the event itself, but ability to cope with the event. Ronald developed fear because this situation was overwhelming for him and he felt helpless especially because hes been abused by his own parents who were supposed to protect which eventually affected his psychological development. 4
According to Garland (1998:112) the devastation experienced by the trauma victims may be due to the following emerging stages of development in the victims response to trauma the first stage that is when a victim breaking down is distrupted of normal functioning as a result that has happened to Ronald he even avoiding going home because his parents will beat him when hes going to soccer pitch. The Second stage according to stanfeld (2001:31) the internal picture of the traumatized person is different she states that the long-term internal situation is the result of two powerful drivers from injury; the victim has attached his or her experience (e.g. sexual abuse during childhood). This stage is familiar to Ronald situation as he went through his physical abuse his childhood is being affected because he will be afraid of going to play with his friends or going to soccer pitch because his parents will beat him as its results for him to end up in going to doctor.
AND PARENTAL COUNSELING 2.3.1 Parent involvement Involvement in life-skills education programs and assisting teachers in addressing the diverse needs of learners. Involvement in the teaching of particular skills, topics, or area of information
Fundraising Involvement in sport, cultural and other extramural activities The maintenance of equipment and facilities
2.3.2 Parental counseling
The ability to listen is essential
Ask for their help Covey to parents that you are equal partnership with them in education Try to reassure them by giving them concrete examples of their childs success and
difficulties and explain to them who you are doing about it
Their cooperation and their willing participation is undertaking specific tasks.
2.4 LEARNING INTERVENTION FOR RONALD
2.4.1 Intervention strategies Intervention strategies are processes that involve helping individuals or groups of learners who experience barriers to learning (Donald el at2002:16) Important guidelines that are taken into account when intervening Ronalds situation will involve reporting the abuse to the right authorities such as social welfare, police and getting help psychological therapists and so on.
2.4.2 Reporting the abuse
As an educator it is my responsibility to report Ronalds story to social welfare and south African police service as soon as possible and also suggest professional assistance with the school if possible and get her parents involve as they are his guardian.
Ronald will have to undergo trauma session from psychologists and
therapists assisting her to recover from all the pain and letting him know its not his fault also get checked for his health for possible infection in his ankle and his bruises. There is a possibility that he might be taken from his parents because they are abusing him
2.4.4 Counseling parents of learners with learning disabilities
Arrange a meeting with Ronalds parents and tell them that he told me about abuse and I am going to report them to police and social welfer and I am willing to get mental help through psychologists and therapists.
2.5 REFERENCES 1.Schoeman, S.(ed), Jansen, C.A., Dreyer, J.M, Swanepoel, J.I. Van As, K.H., Vogel, H.M, Steyn. H.C, and Kruger, J.S 2011. THE EDUCATOR IN A PASORAL ROL. ONLY STUDY GUIDE FOR EDOH0D8. Pretoria: University of South Africa. 2. www.wikipedia/guidance.com
