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Lecture 16 PDF

This lecture covered various methods of file input/output (I/O) in C, including reading and writing characters, lines, and formatted data. It discussed opening and closing files, reading and writing one character at a time using fgetc and fputc, reading and writing entire lines using fgets and fputs, checking for end of file using feof, and formatted I/O using fprintf and fscanf. Additional topics included binary stream I/O using fread and fwrite, navigating within files using fseek and ftell, and low-level file I/O functions like open, close, read and write. Code examples were provided for many of these file I/O methods.

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82 views

Lecture 16 PDF

This lecture covered various methods of file input/output (I/O) in C, including reading and writing characters, lines, and formatted data. It discussed opening and closing files, reading and writing one character at a time using fgetc and fputc, reading and writing entire lines using fgets and fputs, checking for end of file using feof, and formatted I/O using fprintf and fscanf. Additional topics included binary stream I/O using fread and fwrite, navigating within files using fseek and ftell, and low-level file I/O functions like open, close, read and write. Code examples were provided for many of these file I/O methods.

Uploaded by

Benson Wang
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ECE 220

Lecture 16

March 15, 2016

File I/O in C
Lecture Topics

File I/O in C
o Stream and buffered I/O concepts
o Creating I/O streams: fopen, fclose
o I/O one char at a time: fgetc, fputc
o I/O one line at a time: fgets, fputs
o End of file: EOF & feof
o Formatted I/O: fprintf, fscanf

Lecture materials

Textbook Ch. 18

Additional topics

SP16

Binary stream I/O: fread, fwrite


Navigation inside a file: fseek, ftell
Low-level file I/O: open, close, read, write

V. Kindratenko

ECE 220

Lecture 16

March 15, 2016

I/O one char at a time: fgetc, fputc


#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int c;
FILE *f;
/* write to file */
f = fopen("out.txt", "w");
if (f == NULL)
{
printf("Unable to open file out.txt for writing\n");
return -1;
}
c = getchar();
while (c != '\n')
{
fputc(c, f);
c = getchar();
}
fclose(f);
/* read from file */
if ((f = fopen("out.txt", "r")) == NULL)
{
printf("Unable to open file out.txt for reading\n");
return -1;
}
c = fgetc(f);
while (c != EOF) /* EOF is a macro defined in stdio.h */
{
putchar(c);
c = fgetc(f);
}
putchar('\n');
fclose(f);
return 0;
}

SP16

V. Kindratenko

ECE 220

Lecture 16

March 15, 2016

I/O one line at a time: fgets, fputs


int main()
{
FILE *inf;
FILE *outf;
char buf[32];
if ((inf = fopen("inputfile.txt", "r")) == NULL)
{
printf("Unable to open file inputfile.txt for reading\n");
return -1;
}
if ((outf = fopen("outputfile.txt", "w")) == NULL)
{
printf("Unable to open file outoutfile.txt for writing\n");
return -1;
}
fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), inf);
while (!feof(inf)) /* feof tests the
{
fputs(buf, outf);
fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), inf);
}

end-of-file indicator */

fclose(inf);
fclose(outf);
return 0;
}

SP16

V. Kindratenko

ECE 220

Lecture 16

March 15, 2016

Formatted I/O: fscanf, fprintf


#include <stdio.h>
#define N 100
#define M 100
int main()
{
FILE *inf;
FILE *outf;
int n, m;
int i, j;
int array[N][M];
/* write to file */
if ((inf = fopen("array.txt", "r")) == NULL)
{
printf("Unable to open file array.txt for reading\n");
return -1;
}
fscanf(inf, "%i %i", &n, &m);
for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
for (j = 0; j < m; j++)
fscanf(inf, "%i", &array[i][j]);
fclose(inf);
if ((outf = fopen("outputfile.txt", "w")) == NULL)
{
printf("Unable to open file outputfile.txt for writing\n");
return -1;
}
fprintf(outf, "%i %i\n", m, n);
for (i = 0; i < m; i++)
{
for (j = 0; j < n; j++)
fprintf(outf, "%i ", array[j][i]);
fprintf(outf, "\n");
}
fclose(outf);
return 0;
}

SP16

V. Kindratenko

ECE 220

Lecture 16

March 15, 2016

Binary stream I/O: fread, fwrite


#include <stdio.h>
#define N 100
#define M 100
int main()
{
FILE *inf;
FILE *outf;
int n, m;
int i, j;
int array[N][M];
/* write to file */
if ((inf = fopen("array.txt", "r")) == NULL)
{
printf("Unable to open file array.txt for reading\n");
return -1;
}
fscanf(inf, "%i %i", &n, &m);
for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
for (j = 0; j < m; j++)
fscanf(inf, "%i", &array[i][j]);
fclose(inf);
if ((outf = fopen("outputfile.txt", "w")) == NULL)
{
printf("Unable to open file outputfile.txt for writing\n");
return -1;
}
/* mix ascii and binary mode */
fprintf(outf, "%i %i\n", n, m);
for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
fwrite(array[i], sizeof(int), n, outf);
fclose(outf);
return 0;
}

SP16

V. Kindratenko

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