Solutions

 umber and
N
language

2.

a)Irrational b)Irrational c)Rational

d)Rational e)Rational f)Rational

3.

a)Rational
d)Rational

b)Irrational c)Rational

Exercise 1.1 page 5

Exercise 1.7 page 9

Prime numbers are:

1. 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43,
47, 53, 59, 61, 67, 71, 73, 79, 83, 89, 97

1.

a)5
f)13

2.

Students check their answers

3.

a) Qe
b) Qr
f) We g) q E p

Exercise 1.2 page 6

1. a) 1, 2, 3, 6
b)
1, 3, 9
c) 1, 7
d) 1, 3, 5, 15
e) 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24
f ) 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 18, 36
g) 1, 5, 7, 35
h) 1, 5, 25
i) 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 14, 21, 42
j) 1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 20, 25, 50, 100

b) 2, 3
f )13
j) 2, 7

d)2
h) 5, 7

c)22332
f)2337
i)337311

a)4
f )22

b)5
g)8

2.

a)42 b)60
f )105 g)20

c)6
h)13

d)3
i)17

e)9
j)12

c)70
d)90 e)120
h)231 i)240 j)200

Exercise 1.6 page 8

1.

a)Rational b)Rational
d)Rational e)Rational
g)Irrational h)Rational

d) Qu
i) Te

e) q Q p
j) Tw

The following answers are correct to 1 d.p.:

a)5.9 b)6.7 c)7.4 d)7.7 e)1.4

2.

Students check their answers

a)2
b)5
f)6
g)10
k)10 l)1

c)3
d)0.1
h)100 i)2

e)0.3
j)3

Exercise 1.10 page 10

1.

146C

2.

a) 2$35
d) 2$160

3.

165m

4.

695m

b) 2$318
e)$90

c) 2$88

Student assessment 1 page 11

Exercise 1.5 page 7

1.

e)11
j)0.5

1.

1.

c) 2, 3
g) 3, 11

b)25
e)22311
h)3313

c) Qt
h) Uo

d)10
i)0.3

Exercise 1.9 page 10

Exercise 1.4 page 7

1. a)2233

d)2335

g)3235

j)3237

c)7
h)0.2

Exercise 1.8 page 9

Exercise 1.3 page 6

1. a) 3, 5

e) 2, 5
i) 2, 5, 7

b)3
g)0.1

1.

a)Rational
d)Rational

b)Irrational c)Rational
e)Rational f)Irrational

2.

a) Ti

b)3

c) w Q t Q

3.

a)81
d)0.49

b)225

c)0.04

4.

a)12.25

b)16.81

c)0.0225

c)Irrational
f)Rational
i)Rational

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

Solutions
5. a)15

d) 35

b)0.1
e) 73

c)0.9
f) 117

4.

a) 130
d) 4

6. a)64

b) 0.001

c) 278

5.

c), e) and f) are incorrect.

7. a) 3

b)100

c) 45

8. a) 2$84
d)$74

b)$91
e) 2$43

c)$45
f) 2$15

Answers to Q.6 and 7 may vary slightly from those

given below:

Accuracy

1.

a) 69000
d) 4000

b) 74000
e) 100000

c) 89000
f) 1000000

2.

a) 78500
d) 8100

b) 6900
e) 1000

c) 14100
f) 3000

3.

a) 490
d) 80

b) 690
e) 0

c) 8850
f) 1000

Exercise 2.2 page 13

1.

a) 5.6
d) 157.4
g) 3.0

b) 0.7
e) 4.0
h) 1.0

c) 11.9
f) 15.0
i) 12.0

2.

a) 6.47
d) 0.09
g) 100.00

b) 9.59
e) 0.01
h) 0.00

c) 16.48
f) 9.30
i) 3.00

Exercise 2.3 page 13

1.

a) 50000
d) 7500
g) 1000

b) 48600
e) 500
h) 2000

c) 7000
f) 2.57
i) 15.0

2.

a) 0.09
d) 1
g) 0.0031

b) 0.6
e) 0.95
h) 0.0097

c) 0.94
f) 0.003
i) 0.01

Exercise 2.4 page 14

a) 419.6
d) 23.8
g) 1.9

b) 5.0
e) 57.8
h) 4.1

c) 166.3
f) 4427.1
i) 0.6

Answers to Q.24 may vary slightly from those

given below:
2.

a) 1200
d) 150000

b) 3000
e) 0.8

c) 3000
f) 100

3.

a) 200
d) 550

b) 200
e) 500

c) 30
f) 3000

c) 9
f) 250

6.

a) 120m2

b) 40m2

c) 400cm2

7.

a) 200cm3

b) 4000cm3

c) 2000cm3

Exercise 2.5 page 17

Exercise 2.1 page 12

1.

b) 80
e) 200

1. a) i) Lower bound 55.5

Upper bound 56.5
ii) 5.5x,6.5

b) i) Lower bound 582.5
Upper bound 583.5
ii) 82.5x,83.5

c) i) Lower bound 5151.5
Upper bound 5152.5
ii) 151.5x,152.5

d) i) Lower bound 5999.5
Upper bound 51000.5
ii) 999.5x,1000.5

e) i) Lower bound 599.5
Upper bound 5100.5
ii) 99.5x,100.5
2. a) i) Lower bound 53.75
Upper bound 53.85
ii) 3.75x,3.85

b) i) Lower bound 515.55
Upper bound515.65
ii) 15.55x,15.65

c) i) Lower bound50.95
Upper bound51.05
ii) 0.95x,1.05

d) i) Lower bound59.95
Upper bound510.05
ii) 9.95x,10.05

e) i) Lower bound50.25
Upper bound50.35
ii) 0.25x,0.35
3. a) i) Lower bound54.15
Upper bound54.25
ii) 4.15x,4.25

b) i) Lower bound50.835
Upper bound50.845
ii) 0.835x,0.845

c ) i) Lower bound5415
Upper bound5425
ii) 415x,425

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

Solutions

d) i) Lower bound54950
Upper bound55050
ii) 4950x,5050

e) i) Lower bound50.0445
Upper bound50.0455
ii) 0.0445x,0.0455

f ) i) Lower bound524500
Upper bound525500
ii) 24500x,25500
4. a)

5.3

5.4

5.45

11.75

11.8

11.85

b)11.75 T,11.85

7. a)
Lower bound5625m
Upper bound5635m

b)395W,405

Exercise 2.6 page 18

6. a)Lower bound 5615m3

Upper bound5625m3

b)615x,625

1.

5.5

b)5.35 M,5.45

5. a)11.7

5.35

2.

a) Lower bound 5263.25

Upper bound5297.25
b) Lower bound 53295.25
Upper bound53455.25
c) Lower bound 54925.25
Upper bound55075.25
d) Lower bound 53.76 (2d.p.)
Upper bound54.26 (2d.p.)
e) Lower bound 52.83 (2d.p.)
Upper bound53.19 (2d.p.)
f ) Lower bound 58.03 (2d.p.)
Upper bound58.66 (2d.p.)
g) Lower bound 544.95 (2d.p.)
Upper bound552.82 (2d.p.)
h) Lower bound 539.77 (2d.p.)
Upper bound542.23 (2d.p.)
i) Lower bound 516.14 (2d.p.)
Upper bound518.88 (2d.p.)
j) Lower bound 53.55 (2d.p.)
Upper bound57.12
k) Lower bound 51.47 (2d.p.)
Upper bound51.63 (2d.p.)
l) Lower bound 518.51 (2d.p.)
Upper bound528.59 (2d.p.)

11.9

3.

a) Lower bound 56.7

Upper bound56.9
b) Lower bound 529.69 (2d.p.)
Upper bound530.80 (2d.p.)
c) Lower bound 5147.76 (2d.p.)
Upper bound5150.25 (2d.p.)
d) Lower bound 513.3
Upper bound513.5
e) Lower bound 51.75 (2d.p.)
Upper bound51.81 (2d.p.)
f) Lower bound 50.39 (2d.p.)
Upper bound50.46 (2d.p.)
g) Lower bound 534.10 (2d.p.)
Upper bound540.03 (2d.p.)
h) Lower bound 50.98 (2d.p.)
Upper bound51.02 (2d.p.)
i) Lower bound 50
Upper bound50.04
a) Lower bound 520002.5
Upper bound520962.5
b) Lower bound 51.06 (2d.p.)
Upper bound51.15 (2d.p.)
c) Lower bound 51116250
Upper bound51188250
d) Lower bound 588.43 (2d.p.)
Upper bound591.60 (2d.p.)
e) Lower bound 5131.75 (2d.p.)
Upper bound5139.34 (2d.p.)
f) Lower bound 518.10 (2d.p.)
Upper bound520.39 (2d.p.)
g) Lower bound 52.24 (2d.p.)
Upper bound52.53 (2d.p.)
h) Lower bound 53.45 (2d.p.)
Upper bound53.97 (2d.p.)
i) Lower bound 560.34 (2d.p.)
Upper bound568.52 (2d.p.)

Exercise 2.7 page 19

1. Lower bound53.5kg
Upper bound54.5kg
2. Lower bound521.8cm
Upper bound522.2cm
3. Lower bound513.7m
Upper bound513.74m
4. Lower bound574.13cm2 (2d.p.)
Upper bound575.88cm2 (2d.p.)
5. Lower bound568425m2
Upper bound575625m2
6. Lower bound513.1 (1d.p.)
Upper bound513.5 (1d.p.)

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

Solutions
7. Lower bound59.0cm (1d.p.)
Upper bound511.1cm (1d.p.)

5. 0.0035
x,0.0045

8. a)Lower bound 553.1cm (1d.p.)

Upper bound553.7cm (1d.p.)

b)Lower bound 5224.3cm2 (1d.p.)
Upper bound5229.7cm2 (1d.p.)

6.

a) 4.825x,4.835
b) 5.045y,5.055
c) 9.95z,10.05
d) 99.995p,100.005

Student assessment 3 page 22

9. a)Lower bound 511.2cm (1d.p.)

Upper bound511.4cm (1d.p.)

b)Lower bound 570.5cm (1d.p.)
Upper bound571.3cm (1d.p.)

1.

10. Lower bound=11.5g/cm3 (1d.p.)

Upper bound513.6g/cm3 (1d.p.)

11. Least593.3h (1 d.p.)

Greatest5138.5h (1d.p.)

Student assessment 1 page 21

1.

a) 2800
d) 1000

b) 7290

c) 49000

2.

a) 3.8
d) 1.58

b) 6.8
e) 10.0

c) 0.85
f) 0.008

2.

Lower bound5118.7cm2 (1d.p.)

Upper bound5121.1cm2 (1d.p.)

3.

a) 4
d) 10

b) 6.8
e) 830

c) 0.8
f) 0.005

3.

Lower bound510.5cm
Upper bound513.5cm

Answers to Q.46 may vary from those given

below:
4.

18000yards

5.

40m2

6. a) 25

b) 4

Student assessment 2 page 22

a) 

b) 

c) 

6.5

7.5

39.5

40

40.5

299.5

300

300.5

d) 
1999.5

2000

2000.5

2. a)205x,215
c)2.95x,3.05

4. 0.8
x,1
5.

Lower bound50.46kg (2d.p.)

Upper bound50.48kg (2d.p.)

Student assessment 4 page 23

c) 4

7. 92.3cm3 (1d.p.)

1.

a)Lower bound 5965.25

Upper bound51035.25
b)Lower bound 56218.75
Upper bound56381.75
c)Lower bound 56.2 (1d.p.)
Upper bound56.3 (1d.p.)
d)Lower bound 547.7 (1d.p.)
Upper bound554.7 (1d.p.)
e)Lower bound 50.8 (1d.p.)
Upper bound51.2 (1d.p.)
f)Lower bound 50.5 (1d.p.)
Upper bound50.9 (1d.p.)

b) 63.5x,64.5
d) 0.875x,0.885

1. 255kg
2. 31575cm3 (5s.f.)
3. a)124.5V,125.5cm3
b)4.99L,5.01cm (2d.p.)
4. a)25.10C,25.16 (2d.p.)
b)50.14A,50.39cm2 (2d.p.)
5. 22 cups
6. a)Lower bound 54.5cm
Upper bound55.5cm

b)Upper and lower bounds of
100 matches 100
Lower bound55.43cm
Upper bound55.44cm

3. Length: 349.5L,350.5
Width: 199.5W,200.5
4.

58.85

58.9

58.95

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

Solutions

 alculations and
C
order

0
1
2
3
0
1
2
3
0
1 page 225
3
0
1
2
3
31
42
53
20
a) ,b)
5c)
.d)
,e)
5f) .
31
42
53
20
0
1
2
3
3
4
5
2
a)
02
13
24
35
6
5
4
3
3
4
5
2
3
4
5
2
5
4
3
b) 6
2
3
4
5
6
5
4
3
3
4
5
2
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
6
5
4
3
c) 3
6
5
4
3
3
2
1
0
6
5
4
3
3
2
1
0
d) 6
5
4
3
3
2
1
0
1
2
3
40
5
6
3
2
1
1
2
3
40
5
6
3
2
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
2
1
0
e) 3
1
2
3
5
6
3
2
1
04
3
2
1
05
16
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
3
2
1
05
16
f) 4
1
2
3
4
5
6
4
3
2
1
0
1
3
2
1
4
1
2
3
4
50
61
1
0
1
2
3
2
3
2
1
0
1
g) 4
3
2
1
4
2
1
0
1
20
31
3
2
1
0
1
4
1
0
1
2
3
2
h) 4
1
0
1
2
3
2
1
02
13
2
1
00
11
22
33
1
2
2
1
0
1
2
3
1 b) x3
0
1 c) 0x4
2
3
2
a) x.0
2
1
1
00
11
22
33
2
d) 24,x21
2
1
0
1
2
3
2
1
0
1
2
3
a) x20000
b) 135x180
2
1
0
1
2
3
c) 5x13,20
2
1
0d) x25
1
2
3

e) 933411513
f)(312)3(421)515

2.

a) 124221657
b) 12(422)16512
c) 1242(216)525
d) 12(42216)51.5
e)4153621533
f)4153(621)529
g)(415)3621553
h)(415)3(621)545

Exercise 3.1
1.
2.







3.

4.

f) 11
x28

e) 350x400

Exercise 3.5 page 28

1.

a)2 b)3

c)7

d)4

e)23 f)0

2.

a)1 b)5
f) 21.5

c)2

d)50 e)7

Student assessment 1 page 28

1.

a) x21
b) x,2
c) 22x,2 d) 21x1

2.

a) 

b) 

c) 

d) 

3

2

1

3. q E rWtQwRuq O p

Exercise 3.2 page 26

Student assessment 2 page 29

1. 0.060.60.6060.666.06.66.606

1.

a)44
e)49

2.

a)(724)3256
b)12133(314)533
c)(515)3(624)520
d)(515)3624556

3.

a)3.5

2. RtQwYq eUq iQeWq o

3. 60cm0.75m 800mm180cm2m
4. 4kg3500g1kgErkg 700g
5. 150cm3430ml800cm31litre120cl

Exercise 3.3 page 27

1.

a)26 b)10 c)42 d)16 e)8

f) 26

2.

a)20 b)34 c)32 d)31 e)20 f)23

3.

a)27 b)64 c)30 d)3

b)13
f)3

c)25

d)19

b)10

Student assessment 3 page 29

1.

a)20 b)15 c)11 d)13 e)1

Exercise 3.4 page 27

2.

1.

a)(725)3356
b)16143(214)540
c)(415)3(621)545
d)(115)3626530

3.

a) 5.5 b)9

a)63(211)518
b)11335516
c)(816)257
d)(912)34544

e)144 f)1.6

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

f)4

Solutions

I ntegers, fractions,
decimals and
percentages

Exercise 4.1 page 30

1.

a)9
f )72

b)16
g)30

c)20
h)48

d)40
i)210

e)18
j)52

2.

a) AeF
f ) HuK
k) Rq Ep

b) AtK
g) GoK
l) AqFeH

c) FiJ
h) ArJ

d) AyJ
i) qT q O

e) AwJ
j) GuG

a)7 Qr
f )1 q w

b)6 Et
g)9 Eu

c)6 Ty
h) 3 q E p

d)6 T
i)9 Qw

e)5 Ro
j) 6 q Q w

Exercise 4.3 page 31

1.

2.

1.

a)9

b)3

2. a)63(416)3520
b)(923)3(712)554
3.

a) 29830

b) 41492

4.

a)2

b)7

5.

a)224

b)28

6.

a)1127.4

b)526.1

Exercise 4.6 page 35

Exercise 4.2 page 31

1.

Exercise 4.5 page 34

a)4.5
e)9.27
i)4.356

b)6.3
f )11.36
j)9.204

c)17.8
g)4.006

d)3.07
h)5.027

a)19.14
e)35.81
i)1.4

b)83.812 c)6.6
f )5.32
g)67.14
j)0.175

d)11.16
h)6.06

Exercise 4.4 page 32

1.

a) Qw

b) Qe

c) We

d) Ro

e) Er

f) q O p

Exercise 4.7 page 35

1.

a)1 Wt

b) Qq Pq

c) Qq Qw

d)1 r W t e)1 y Q t f)1 qQ Qw

2.

a)1 Qi

b)1 Tu

c)1 q Q w d) Ry Up

e)1 Wr Op f) Tt Qw

3.

a) Qu

b) q Q p

c) To

d) qAw

e) rLp

f)1 w Q p

4.

a) Qy Up

b) Ri Ti

c) Qw Up

d) q R o R t

e) w O p

f) q Q i

5.

a)5 Er b) 5 q E p c) 3 q Q p d)6 w U r e)1 Qi

f) We Ty

6.

a)5 Qi b) 7 r O p c) 2 Ei d) w U p

e) 22 q E r O p f)1 Qr

Exercise 4.8 page 37

1.

a)8 b) AuS

c) Te

d) We

e) q R t

f) Qy

1.

a) 5 q T p I p 558%

b) Qw Ut 5 Yq p I p 568%

2.

a) Qy

b) Et

c) w R q

d) We

e) Qr

f) w U p

c) Qw Qp 5 Tq p T p 555%

d) q E p 5 Eq p P p 530%

3.

a) Ty

b)2 Qw

c)1 Qu

d)4 Qy

e) Qt

f) We

e) Ww Et 5 Oq p W p 592%

f) Qt Op 5 Eq p I p 538%

4.

a) Et

b) q U w

c) u O p

d) Ww Qt

e) Ei

f)1 Wt Ty

g) Er 5 Uq p T p 575%

h) Wt 5 Rq p P p 540%

5.

a) Et

b)3 Qq Pw Up c) q I t

2.

d)12 Qr

Exercise 4.9 page 37

Fraction

Decimal

Percentage

1
10

0.1

10

1
5

0.2

20

3
10

0.3

30

4 = 25
10

0.4

40

12

0.5

50

53

0.6

60

7
10

0.7

70

Exercise 4.10 page 38

4
5

0.8

80

1.

0.9

90

a) Qw
f) w Q p

b) q U p
g) w Q p

c) Et
h) t W p P p Q

d) Er
i) t p Q p p

e) rE pE

9
10
41

0.25

25

2.

a)2 Wt

b)6 Qw

c)8 Qt

d)3 Er

e)10 Qw Qp

43

0.75

75

f) 9 w T t Q p

g)15 w O p Q p h) 30 q p Q p p i) 1 w !Rp Qp p

1.

a)0.75
e)0.3
i)0.63

b)0.8
f)0.375

c)0.45
d)0.34
g)0.4375 h)0.2

2.

a)2.75
b)3.6
e)5.6
f)6.875
i)5.4 28571

c)4.35
d)6.22
g)5.5625 h)4.2

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

Solutions

Exercise 4.11 page 40

1.

a)
1
3

b)

c)

7
9

55
2. a) 990
= 181
92

c) 90 = 1 451

3.

1
5

4.

1
6

5
42
99

=
14
33

d)

65
99

62
31
b) 990
= 495
39 638
19
d) 9900 = 4 4950

Student assessment 1 page 41

1. a)12

b)33

c)6

d)90

2. a)30%
e)80%
i)31%

b)29%
f )219%
j)7%

c)50%
d)70%
g)6%
h)75%
k)340% l)200%

3. a)23

b)18

5. 360.2
6. a)2 q Q y

b)9

7. a)0.4

b)1.75

c)0.81

d)1.6

8. a)4 Qt

b) t E p

c)1 Qw Up

d)2 w Qp p

9. a)

b)

c)1

10.

650
900

Exercise 5.1 page 44

1.

a)60%

b)40%

2.

a)87.5%
c) 29.16%

b)73.3%
d) 14.29% (2 d.p.)

3.

a)0.39
e)0.02

b)0.47
f)0.2

c)0.83

d)0.07

4.

a)31%
e)20%

b)67%
f)75%

c)9%

d)5%

Exercise 5.2 page 44

4. 22977

37
99

8
99

19
90

= 13
18

Student assessment 2 page 42

1. a)21

b)27

c)22

2. a)60%
e)150%
i)77%
3. a)0

b)49%
f )327%
j)3%
b)19

c)25%
d)90%
g)5%
h)35%
k)290% l)400%

d)39

1.

a)25%
d)180%

b) 66.6%
e) 490%

c) 62.5%
f) 387.5%

2.

a)0.75
d)0.07

b)0.8
e)1.875

c)0.2
f)0.16

3.

a)20
d)36

b)100
e)4.5

c)50
f)7.5

4.

a)8.5
d)52

b)8.5
e)17.5

c)52
f)17.5

5.

a) Black 6

b) Blonde 3

c) Brown 21

6.

Lamb 66 Chicken 24 Turkey 12 Duck 18

7.

Australian 143 Pakistani 44 Greek 11 Other 22

8. Newspapers 69 Pens 36 Books 18 Other 27

Exercise 5.3 page 45

1.

a)48%
d)50%
g)33 Qe %

2.

Win 50% Lose 33 Qe %Draw 16 We %

4. 18032
5. 340.7
6. a)1 q U p

b)2

7. a)0.875

b)1.4

c)0.8

8. a)6 Qw

b) w Q t

c)3 Qw Ep

9. a) 997

1
b) 1000

c)3 992

10.

11
50

Further
percentages

b)36.8%
c)35%
e)45%
f)40%
h) 57% (2s.f.)

d)3.285714

3. A
534.5% (1d.p.) B525.6% (1d.p.)
C523.0% (1d.p.) D516.9% (1d.p.)

d) 3 q Qw t

4.

Red 35.5% Blue 31.0% White 17.7%

Silver 6.6%Green 6.0%Black 3.2%

Exercise 5.4 page 47

1.

a)187.5
d)245

b)322
e)90

c)7140
f)121.5

2.

a)90
d)900

b)38
e)50

c)9
f)43.5

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

Solutions
3. a)20%
d)5%

b)80%
e)85%

c)110%
f)225%

4. a)50%
d)100%

b)30%
e)36%

c)5%
f)5%

Student assessment 3 page 50

1.

$3500

$12000

$1

$56

2.

$500

$250

$20000

$137500

5. 7475 tonnes

3. 15

6. $6825

4.

$15000
40000 tonnes

7. a)$75

b)$93.75

5.

8. a)43

b)17.2%

Student assessment 4 page 51

9. 1100

1. $200$25$524$10

Exercise 5.5 page 48

2. $462$4000$4500$5500

1.

a)600
d)250

b)350
e)125

c)900
f)1.5

3.

15 marks

4.

35000

2.

a)56
d)20

b)65
e)0.25

c)90
f) 238

5.

25000 units

3.

280 pages

6.

46500 units

4.

12500 families

5. 22
6.

12200000m3

Student assessment 1 page 49

2. $345.60
3. $10125
b) 41.7% (3s.f.)
d) 85.7% (3s.f.)
f) 30%

5. 16% profit
6. a) $36

b) 25%

Student assessment 2 page 49

1. 750m
2. $525

16h 40min

3.

11 units

4.

a) 7500 bricks b) 53h

5.

a) 6250 litres b) 128km

6.

1110km (3s.f.)

7.

a)450

b) 75

8.

a) 480 km

b) 96 km/h

c) 120

Exercise 6.2 page 54

1.

a) 450kg

b) 1250kg

2.

a)Butter 600g Flour 2kg Sugar 200g

Currants 400g
b)120 cakes

b) 21.7% (3s.f.)
d) 8.33% (3s.f.)
f)10%

3.

a) 16.8 litres
b) Red 1.2 litres White 14.3 litres

4.

a)125
b) Red 216 Yellow 135
c) 20

b) 61.8% (3s.f.)

5.

a) 42 litres
b)Orange juice 495 litres
Mango juice 110 litres

5. 8.3%
6. a)$650

2.

3. $97200
4. a) 29.2% (3s.f.)
c)125%
e)20%

Exercise 6.1 page 52

1. 48

1. 640m

4. a) 20%

c) 22.5%
e) 7%

 atio and
R
proportion

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

Solutions

Exercise 6.3 page 55

6. 32
7. 210

1. 60:90
2. 16:24:32

8. 90

3. 3.25:1.75

Exercise 6.6 page 58

4. 18:27

1. 22cm by 16.5cm

5. 10:50

2. 28cm by 21cm

6. 7:1

3. 5:2

7. Orange 556ml (3s.f.) Water 444ml (3s.f.)

4. Min.532:1 Max.535:1

8. a) 11:9
b) 440 boys 360 girls

5. a) i) 28cm2

ii) 112cm2

b) 4:1

9. Et

6. a) i) 9cm

ii) 81cm

b) 9:1

10. 32cm

7. a) i) 30cm3

ii) 240cm3

b) 8:1

11. 4km and 3km

8. a) i) 64cm3

ii) 1728cm3

b) 27:1

12. 40, 80, 120, 120

9. a) 16cm

b) 4cm

c) 1:4

13. 45, 75, 60

10. Students own answer.

14. 24 yr old $400000 28 yr old $466667

32 yr old $533333

Student assessment 1 page 59

15. Alex $2000Maria $3500Ahmet $2500

1. a) 15 km

Exercise 6.4 page 56

2. 16cm and 14cm

b) 6 km/h

4. 200g

Speed (km/h)

60

40

30

120

90

50

10

5. a) 2km

Time (h)

1 3

2 25

12

6. a) 26 litres of petrol and 4 litres of oil

b) 3250ml

3. a)
i) 12h

b)i)16

ii) 4h
ii)3

4. a) 30 rows

b) 42 chairs

iii) 48h
iii)48

7. a) 1:40
9. 24, 60, 96

6. 4

10. a) 15s

7. 18h

11. 6h

Exercise 6.5 page 57

12. 2

a)160
d)110

b)250
e)225

c)175
f)128

2.

a)93 Qe
d)157 Qw

b)116 We
e)154

3.

a)40
d)36

4.

a)22 Qw
d)5 Ti

5. 50

b) 48cm

b) 13.75cm

8. Girl $1040 Boy $960

5. 6h 40min

1.

3. 1200g

1. 4
2.

b) 8 copiers

Student assessment 2 page 60

1. a) 30 km

b) 30 km/h

c)80
f)85

2. a) q Up

b)45 cm

3. a) 375g

b) 625g

b)50
e)15

c)35
f)52

4. a) 450m

b) 80cm

5. a) 1:25

b) 1.75m

b) 6 We
e)18 Er

c)17 Qw
f)13 Qw

6. 300:750:1950
7. 60, 90, 90, 120

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

Solutions

Exercise 7.3 page 64

8. 150
9. a) 13.5h

b) 12 pumps

10.
53

1.

a)8
d)1

b)25
e)1

c)1
f) Q

2.

a)Qr
d)!w p Q p

b) Qo
e)1

c)Et p
f) q p Q p p

3.

a)1
d) Qw

b)2
e) Qy

c)4
f)10

4.

a)12
d)80

b)32
e)7

c)225
f)64

8 3 cm
53
37
2

6 3 cm

4 cm

11. a) 4min 48s

b) 1.6 litres/min

12. 21.6 cm by 9 cm

I ndices and
standard form

Exercise 7.1 page 62

1.

a)33
d)64

2. a)23332
d)2374

b)25
e)86

c)42
f)51

b)45352
e)62

c)32343352
f)33342365

3. a)434

b)5353535353535
c)333333333
d)43434363636
e)73732323232323232
f )33334343432323232
4. a)32
d)216
g)72

b)81
e) 1000000
h) 125000

c)64
f)256

1.

b)8
c)5
a)3
d)410
e)24
f)35366
g)48359362 h)243510368
7

1.

a)2
d)3

b)4
e)4

c)3
f)0

2.

a)4
d) 21

b)1
e)2

c) Ew
f)0

3.

a) 23
d) 2 We

b) 24
e) 22

c) 25
f) 2 Qw

4.

a) 23
d)2

b) 27
e)8

c) 23
f)5

Exercise 7.5 page 67

1.

d and e

b)4.83107
2. a)63105
5

d)5.34310 e)73106

c)7.8431011
f)8.53106

3.

b)7.23108
e)43109

c)83105
f)53107

4. a) 3800

d) 101000

b) 4250000

c) 90030000

5.

b)2.43107
e)1.231013

c)1.43108
f)1.83107

a)6.83106
d)7.53107

a)63105
d)33109

6. 1.44
31011m = 1.443108 km

Exercise 7.2 page 63

6

Exercise 7.4 page 65

7.

a)8.83108 b)2.0431011 c)3.3231011

d)4.231022 e)5.131022 f)2.531025

8.

a)23102
d)23104

a)4.263105 b)8.483109 c)6.3883107

d)3.1573109 e)4.53108 f)6.013107
g)8.1531010 h)3.563107

b)33105
e)2.53106

2. a)44
d)63
g)43

b)53
e)63
h)37

c)2
f)8

9.

3. a)54
d)315

b)412
e)68

c)1010
f)86

Exercise 7.6 page 68

4. a)23
d)45
g)43352

b)3
c)53
3
2
8
e)4 32 (= 2 ) f)64385
h)4367

10

c)43106
f)43104

1.

a) 631024
b) 5.331025
d) 8.831028 e) 731027

2.

a) 6.831024 b) 7.531027 c) 4.2310210

d) 831029
e) 5.7310211 f) 4310211

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

c) 8.6431024
f) 4.14531024

Solutions
3. a) 0.008

d) 0.0000101

b) 0.00042

c) 0.0903

4.

b) 23
e) 27

c) 28
f) 3

a) 24
d) 25

1.

5. 6.8
3105 6.2
3103 8.414
3102
24
24
6.741310 3.2
310 5.8
31027
29
5.57310

Exercise 7.7 page 70

1.

a)4 b)5

c)10 d)3

e)9

f)10

2.

a)2 b)3

c)2

e)6

f)4

3.

a)8 b)32 c)27 d)64 e)1

f)9

4.

a)25 b)8

c)32 d)100 e)32 f)27

5.

a) Qw

b) Qe

c) Qw

d) Qe

e) Qw

f) Qy

6.

a) Qe

b) Qw

c) Qr

d) Qe

e) Qy

f) Qe

e)81 f)6

d)2

Exercise 7.8 page 70

1.

a)1 b)7

c)2

d)1

2.

a)25 b)2

c)2

d)27 e)4

3.

a)4 b)2

c)64 d)9

e)3

f)2
f)27

Student assessment 1 page 71

1.

b)22335

a)23352

2. a)43434

b)6363636

3. a)800
4. a)3
d)6
7

5.

a)4

6. a)7

b)27
b)6 33
e)32342
5

b)9

c)5

d)1

b) 22

c) 21

d) Qe

2. a)636363636

1
b) }}}
232323232

3.

a) 27000

4.

a)2
d)33
7

7.41310 3.6
31025 5.5
31023
7
7
4.21310 6.2
310 4.9
3108

4.

a) 63106 8.2
3105 4.4
31023
21
4
8
310 5.2
310

29

b) 63106 8.2
3105

831021 4.4
31023

5.23104

5.

a) 2
d) 5

b) 8
e) 25

c) 24
f) 25

6.

a) 1.23108
d) 2.53105

b) 5.63108

c) 23105

7.

6 minutes

31015km correct to three significant

8. 4.73
figures (3s.f.)

Student assessment 4 page 73

1.

b) 4.531023 c) 3.83109
a) 63106
27
d) 3.61310 e) 4.63108 f) 3
3100

2. a) 8112000

b) 440000 c) 0.000305

3. 4.05
310 3.6
3102 9
3101
22
23
1.5310 7.2
310 2.1
31023
8

4.

a) 1.53107 4.3
3105 4.35
31024
0
23
4.8
310 8.5
310
b) 4.3531024 8.531023 4.8
3100
4.3
3105 1.5
3107

5.

a) 3
d) 6

b) 9
e) 21

c) 23
f) 8

6.

a) 1.23108
d) 3.883106

b) 1.4831011 c) 6.733107

7.

43.2 minutes (3s.f.)

8. 2.84
31015km (3s.f.)

b) 214

a)22335

b) 0.00145 c) 0.0523

3.

c)2
f)1

b) 7.231024 c) 7.531010
e) 4.753109 f) 6.4
31027

a) 83106
d) 431024

2. a) 20700

Student assessment 2 page 71

1.

Student assessment 3 page 72

Student assessment 5 page 74

b)125

b)7 3312
e)421
7

c)26
f)22

5. a)5

b)16

c)49

d)48

6. a)2.5

b) 20.5

c)0

d) Wo

1.

a)9
e)49

b)3
f)0.5

c)3
g)5

d)125
h)16

2.

a)1
e)2

b)9
f)8

c)4
g)1

d)25
h)45

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

11

Solutions
3. a)

y
10

Exercise 8.1 page 75

8
7

1. a)A$31.25
b) 3500 rupees
c)ZIM$9400 d) 3300 rand


e) L299
f) 4120 yen

g) 160 dinar
h)US$195

6
5
4

2.

3
2
1
O

3 2 1

a) $400
c) $2.13
e) $326.09
g) $125

1. $154.82

Student assessment 6 page 74

2. $182
3. $131

1.

a)2
e)3

b)81
f )2

c) Qe
g)6

d)64
h)32

4. $290.50

2.

a)15
e)4

b)4
f)1

c)3
g)27

d)3125
h)10

6. $137.50

3.

a)

y
20

5. a)$195.05
7.

b)$132.63

$525
b) 253.30 rand

298 rand
8. a)

18

Exercise 8.3 page 77

16

1.

$1.80 loss

2.

$2.88 profit

10

3.

$54.65 profit per seat

4.

$240 extra

5.

$250 loss

14
12

Exercise 8.4 page 78

2
3 2 1

b) $2.86
d) $45.45
f) $11.65
h) $115.38

Exercise 8.2 page 76

3 x

b)Approx. 2.9

Money and finance

b)Approx. 22.6

3 x

1.

a)11%

b)25%

2.

a)30%

b)20%

3.

TypeA530%
TypeB515.4%
TypeC533.3%
Type C makes most profit.

4. 80%

Exercise 8.5 page 80

12

1. a)$72

b)$420

2. a) t55

b) t57

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

Solutions
3. a) r57

b) r54

4. a) P5200 b) P5850

Time

5. r54

Exercise 9.1 page 85

6. t52

1.

0840

7. r54.5

2.

1845

8. r59.5

3.

0825

9. $315

4.

a) 2h 18 min
b) 1h 24 min

1. $11 033 750

5.

1st: 30 min
3rd: 34 min 17 s
5th: 36 min

2. $52 087.50

6. 2.10 a.m. on Wednesday

3. $10 368

7.

2145

4. 1331 students

8.

1115

5. 3 276 800 tonnes

Student assessment 1 page 86

6. 2 years

1.

09 03

7. 5 years

2.

5 h 54 min

8. 3 years

3.

49 km

Student assessment 1 page 83

4. 11 h 5 min

10. r56

Exercise 8.6 page 82

2nd: 32 min 44 s
4th: 35 min 7s

1. a) 2880 rupees b)HK$83.33

Student assessment 2 page 86

2. a) 625 b) 192.31

1.

08 18

3. $122.40

2.

2 h 15 min

4. $26.16
5.

3. 154 km

($12.96
1$13.20)

a)$72
d)7.5%

b)8%
e)$1250

c) 4years

6. $6000

4.

10

7. 30%

Student assessment 2 page 84

1. a) $82.50

b) $4800

c) $2187.50

2. 3.5%

5. a) i) $10 625

ii) $9031.25

b) 16 years

 et notation and
S
Venn diagrams

Exercise 10.1 page 88

1. a) i) Continents of the world
ii) Students own answers

3. 5 years
4. a) $24.36

a) 3 h 30 min or 3.5 h
b) 90 km/h

b) $2969.24

c) $9953.45

b) i) Even numbers
ii) Students own answers

c) i) Days of the week

ii) Students own answers

d) i) Months with 31 days

ii) Students own answers

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

13

Solutions

e) i) Triangle numbers
ii) Students own answers

f) i) Boys names beginning with the letter m
ii) Students own answers

g) i) Prime numbers greater than 7

ii) Students own answers

h) i) Vowels
ii) o, u

i)
i) Planets of the solar system
ii) Students own answers

j) i) Numbers between 3 and 12

ii) Students own answers

k) i) Numbers between 25 and 5

ii) Students own answers

2. a)7
c)7
d)7

f)Unquantifiably finite, though theoretically
infinite
h)5
i)9

4.

a) %5{a, b, p, q, r, s, t}
b) A'5{a, b}

5.

a) %5{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}
b) A'5{1, 4, 6, 8}
c) A>B5{2, 3}
d) A<B5{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8}
e)(A>B)'5{1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}
f) A>B'5{5, 7}

6. a) i) A5{even numbers from 2 to 14}

ii) B5{multiples of 3 from 3 to 15}
iii) C5{multiples of 4 from 4 to 20}

b) i) A>B5{6, 12}
ii) A>C5{4, 8, 12}
iii) B>C5{12}
iv)
A>B>C5{12}
v) A<B5{2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, 15}
vi) C<B5{3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 12, 15, 16, 20}
7.

Exercise 10.2 page 89

1.

a) Q5{2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24,

26, 28}
b) R5{1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23,
25, 27, 29}
c) S5{2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29}
d) T5{1, 4, 9, 16, 25}
e) U5{1, 3, 6, 10, 15, 21, 28}

2.

a) B5{55, 60, 65}

b) C5{51, 54, 57, 60, 63, 66, 69}
c) D5{64}

3.

a){p, q, r}, {p, q}, {p, r}, {q, r}, {p}, {q}, {r}, { }
b){p, q}, {p, r}, {q, r}, {p}, {q}, {r}

4.

a)True
e)False

b)True
f)True

c)True
g)True

d)False
h)False

Exercise 10.3 page 91

8.

a) i) W5{1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10}
ii) X5{2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9}
iii) Z'5{1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10}
iv)
W>Z5{2, 9}
W>X5{2, 6, 7, 9}
v)
vi) Y>Z5{ } or \

b) Z

Exercise 10.4 93
1.

a) 
A

B
Libya

Morocco

1.

a) True
d) False

2.

a) A>B5{4, 6}
b) A>B5{4, 9}
c) A>B5{yellow, green}

3.

a) A<B5{2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 13, 18}

b) A<B5{1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 16}
c) A<B5{red, orange, blue, indigo, violet,
yellow, green, purple, pink}

14

b) True
e) False

a) i) A5{1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7}
ii) B5{3, 4, 5, 8, 9}
iii) C'5{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9}
iv)
A>B5{4, 5}
v) A<B5{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}
vi) (A>B)'5{1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9}
b) C,A

c) False
f) True

Iran
Egypt

Chad

Iraq
Turkey

b)i) A>B5{Egypt}
ii) A<B5{Libya, Morocco, Chad,
Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Turkey}

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

Solutions
2. a)

4.

a) 
P

2
11

15

13

10

20

17

19




b)i) P>Q5{11, 13, 17}
ii) P<Q5{2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19}
3.

A
1

6
8

1.

Y
a

d
l

c
f

2.

a)7

3.

a) 

b) 2

c) 6

d) 366

b)  A

i
m

Q
11

5
15

10

4.

{a, b}, {a}, {b}, { }

5.

A'5{m, t, h}

Student assessment 2 page 95

1.

a) {odd numbers from 1 to 7}

b) {odd numbers}
c) {triangle numbers}
d) {countries in South America}

2.

a)12
b) 3
d) Students own answer

Exercise 10.5 page 94

a) 5

b) 14

2. 45
3.

a) {even numbers from 2 to 8}

b) {even numbers}
c) {square numbers}
d) {oceans}

1.

Student assessment 1 page 94

30

b) 100

5.

10

4.

25

a) 10

b) 50

c) 13

c) 7

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

15

Solutions
3. a) %

4.

a) %
M

N
2

b) %

9
B

10
8

4. {o, r, k}, {w, r, k}, {w, o, k}, {w, o, r}, {w, o, r, k}

b) X5{multiples of 10}

5. P'5{1, 3, 5, 7}

5.

a) G

Student assessment 3 page 95

1.

{2, 4}, {2, 6}, {2, 8}, {4, 6}, {4, 8}, {6, 8}, {2, 4, 6},
{2, 4, 8}, {2, 6, 8}, {4, 6, 8}

2.

a) J 
Paris
Ankara
Cairo

Washington

b){Ankara, Cairo}

3.

a)

15

10

Pretoria

9
16
18

14
20

2
7

13
19

22
13

c) {Nairobi, Pretoria}

12

b)6

Nairobi

Canberra

London

Rome

19

5
11
17

Student assessment 4 page 96

1.

a)32
b){a, e, i, o, u}, {a, e, i, o}, {a, e, i, u}, {a, e, o,
u}, {a, i, o, u}, {e, i, o, u}

2.

a)  X

23
29

cat
lion

tiger

elephant

cheetah

leopard

zebra

puma

b){2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19}

c){4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, 15, 16, 18, 20, 23, 29}

gazelle

jaguar
anaconda
tarantula
mosquito

16

b){lion, cheetah}

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

c)\

d)\

Solutions
3. a)Let the number liking only cricket be x.
% U
C

F
x

4. a)5
f )12

3x

2x + 6

Algebraic
representation
and manipulation

Exercise 11.1 page 104

b)15

11

c)5
b) 35
g) 10

c) 40
h)78

d)16
d) 50
i)78

1.

a) 4x212
c) 242x124y
e) 214m121n

b) 10p220
d) 6a29b212c
f) 216x16y

2.

a) 3x229xy
c) 8m224mn
e) 4x224xy

b) a21ab1ac
d) 215a2120ab
f) 24p228pq

e) 15

Topic 1 Mathematical
investigations and ICT
Primes and squares page 100
1. 22 + 32 = 13
42 + 52 = 41

3. a) 22x213y2
c) 7p22q
e) 3x2Ew y
4.

2. 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43,
47, 53, 59, 61, 67, 71, 73, 79, 83, 89, 97
3. 5, 13, 17, 29, 37, 41, 53, 61, 73, 89, 97
4. If a number generated by the rule 4n + 1 is
a prime, then it can be expressed as the sum
of two square numbers. (This was proved by
Fermat in the 17th century.) Alternatively,
add 1 to the prime number and divide the
result by 2. If the answer is even then the
prime number cannot be expressed as the sum
of two squares.
5. The rule works for the numbers shown, but
this does not prove that it always works.

Football leagues page 100

1. (17 + 16 + 15 + + 1) 2 = 306
2. n = t(t 1)

ICT activity 1 page 101

2. Students spreadsheet
3. e.g. in cell C4 enter =B4/B$3*100

ICT activity 2 page 101

Students graphs and responses will vary except:
6. The gradient of the tangent at a point
represents the speed of the runner at that
point.

a) 12r3215rs16rt
b) a31a2b1a2c
c) 6a329a2b
d) p2q1pq22p2q2
e) m32m2n1m3n f) a61a5b

Exercise 11.2 page 104

1.

a) 2a28
c) 3p216
e) 3

2.

a) 8m2128m12 b) x24
c) 2p122
d) m212
e) a216a12
f) 7ab216ac13c

3.

a) 4x14
c) Or x2 Tw y
e) 7x24y

b) 4x220
d) 21m26n
f) 2p23p2

b) 5x2 Ew y
d) Ow x1 Qw y
f) 0

Exercise 11.3 page 105

1.

a) x215x16
c) x217x110
e) x21x26

b) x217x112
d) x217x16
f) x215x224

2.

a) x212x224
c) x222x235
e) x222x23

b) x223x228
d) x222x215
f) x212x263

3.

a) x225x16
c) x2212x132
e) x226x19

b) x227x110
d) x216x19
f) x2212x135

4. Students spreadsheet
5. Students report

b) a2b
d) 3x24y12z
f) 2x223xy

4. a) x229

c) x2264

e) a22b2

b) x2249
d) x22y2
f) p22q2

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

17

Solutions

Exercise 11.4 page 106

3.

1.

a) 2(2x23)
c) 3(2y21)
e) 3(p2q)

2.

a) a(3b14c25d) b) 2p(4q13r22s)
c) a(a2b)
d) 2x(2x23y)
e) ab(c1d1f)
f) 3m(m13)

3.

a) 3pq(r23s)
c) 4xy(2x2y)
e) 12( p23)

b) 6(322p)
d) 2(2a23b)
f) 4(2m13n14r)

b) 5m(m22n)
b) b2(2a223c2)
f) 6(7x29)

4. a) 6(312y)
b) 7(2a23b)
c) 11x(11y)
d) 4(s24t15r)
e) 5q( p22r13s) f) 4y(x12y)
5. a) m(m1n)
c) qr( p1s)
e) p3(324p)

b) 3p( p22q)
d) ab(11a1b)
f) b2c(7b1c)

6. a) m(m22mn1n2)

b) 2r2(2r2314s)
c) 28xy(2x2y)

d) 18mn(4m12n2mn)

Exercise 11.5 page 106

1.

a) 0
d) 20

b) 30
e) 213

c) 14
f) 24

2.

a) 23
d) 216

b) 230
e) 240

c) 20
f) 42

3. a) 2160
d) 217

b) 223
e) 2189

c) 42
f) 113

4. a) 48
d) 16

b) 28
e) 25

c) 15
f) 9

5. a) 12
d) 7

b) 25
e) 7

c) 25
f ) 36

2a 2 5
a) b5
6
3x 2 7y
c) z5
4
3x 2 4z
e) y5
7

4.

a) p54r

d) n510p

6b 1 5
b) a5
2
4z 1 7y
d) x5
3
81q
f) p5
2r
4
n
b) p5}}
c) p5}}
3r
10
2t
2t
e) p5 f) q5}}2r
qr
p

3m 2 n
3m 2 n
b) t5
a) r5
t(p q)
r(p q)
rt (p q) 1 n
c) m5
3

d) n53m2rt( p1q)
3m 2 n
e) p5 2q
rt
3m 2 n

f) q5 2p
rt
ab
dec
6. a) d5}}
b) a5}}
ce
b

5.

ab
c) c5}}
de

d) a5cd2b

a
e) b5d2}}
c

a
f) c5
d2b

Exercise 11.7 page 108

b) 3y2125y128
d) 4y216y12
f) 18y2115y13

1.

a) 2y217y16
c) 2y2117y18
e) 6y2123y120

2.

a) 2p2113p224 b) 4p2123p235
c) 6p21p212
d) 12p2113p235
e) 18p222
f) 28p2144p224

Exercise 11.6 page 107

3. a) 4x224x11
c) 16x2216x14
e) 4x2124x136

b) 9x216x11
d) 25x2240x116
f) 4x229

1.

4.

b) 16x229
d) 225y2149
f) 25y2270y149

a) n5r2m
c) n53p22m

b) m5p2n
d) q53x22p

cd
e) a5}}
b

ab
f) d5}}
c

4m
2. a) x5}}
3y
c

c) x5}}
3
3r 1 9

e) y5
5

7pq
b) r5}}
5
y27
d) x5
3
5y 2 9
f) x5
3

18

a) 24x219
c) 216x219
e) 8y2218

Exercise 11.8 page 109

1.

a) (x1y)(a1b) b) (x2y)(a1b)
c) (31x)(m1n) d) (m1n)(41x)
e) (m2n)(31x) f) (x1z)(61y)

2.

a) (p1q)(r2s)
c) (q24)(p13)
e) (s1t)(r22t)

b) (p13)(q24)
d) (r12t)(s1t)
f) (b1c)(a24c)

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

Solutions
3. a) (y1x)(x14)
c) (a27)(b13)
e) (p24)(q24)
4.

b) (x22)(x2y)
d) (b21)(a21)
f) (m25)(n25)

a) (m23)(n22) b) (m23r)(n22r)
c) (p24q)(r24) d) (a2c)(b21)
e) (x22y)(x22z) f) (2a1b)(a1b)

Exercise 11.9 page 109

1.

a) (a2b)(a1b)
c) (x25)(x15)
e) (92x)(91x)

2.

a) (122y)(121y) b) (q213)(q113)
c) (m21)(m11) d) (12t)(11t)
e) (2x2y)(2x1y) f) (5p28q)(5p18q)

3.

a) (3x22y)(3x12y)
b) (4p26q)(4p16q)
c) (8x2y)(8x1y)
d) (x210y)(x110y)
e) (qr22p)(qr12p)
f ) (ab2cd)(ab1cd)

b) (m2n)(m1n)
d) (m27)(m17)
f) (102y)(101y)

Exercise 11.10 page 110

a)60
d)280

b)240
e)7600

c)2400
f)9200

a)2000
d)3200

b)9800
e) 998000

c)200
f)161

3.

a)68
d)70

b)86
e)55

c)1780
f)5

4.

a)72.4
d)15

b)0.8
e) 1222000

c)65
f)231

Exercise 11.11 page 111

1.

2.

a) (x14)(x13) b) (x16)(x12)
c) (x112)(x11) d) (x23)(x24)
e) (x26)(x22) f) (x212)(x21)
a) (x15)(x11)
c) (x13)2
e) (x111)2

4.

a) (x15)(x23)
c) (x14)(x23)
e) (x16)(x22)

b) (x25)(x13)
d) (x24)(x13)
f) (x212)(x23)

5.

a) (x24)(x12)
c) (x16)(x25)
e) (x17)(x29)

b) (x25)(x14)
d) (x16)(x27)
f) (x19)(x26)

6.

a) (2x11)(x11)
c) (2x23)(x12)
e) (3x12)(x12)
g) (2x13)2
i) (3x11)(2x21)

b) (2x13)(x12)
d) (2x23)(x22)
f) (3x21)(x14)
h)(3x21)2

P
1. a) x5
2m

a) (mn23y)(mn13y)
b) ( Qw x2 Qe y)( Qw x1 Qe y)
c ) (2x29y2)(2x19y2)
d) (p22q2)(p21q2) 5 (p 2 q)(p 1 q)(p2 + q2)
e) 4(m223y2)(m213y2)
f) (4x229y2)(4x219y2)
5 (2x 2 3y)(2x 1 3y) (4x2 1 9y2)

2.

a) (x112)(x12) b) (x18)(x13)
c) (x26)(x24) d) (x112)(x13)
e) (x118)(x12) f) (x26)2

Exercise 11.12 page 112

4.

1.

3.

b) (x14)(x12)
d) (x15)2
f) (x26)(x27)

d) x5p
w2w2
wq
w2w2
wy
w2w

e) x5yw2w2
wn
w2w2
ww
m 2w

2.

y2
c) x5
m

T
b) x5
3

p q y

4
P
P
a) x5}} b) x5!

Qr
Qr
2

f) x5

Pr
c) x5
Q

n
wst
d) x5 e) x5
m
r

wr
f) x5
pq

3.

a) x5(rp)2

rg
d) x5 2
4
4m2r
f) x5
p2

mn 2
k
b) x5 }} c) x5 2
g
p
4m2r
e) x5

p2

1 2

Exercise 11.13 page 113

vu
1. a) t5
a

b) u5n
w2w2
w2
wawws

v2 u2
c) s5
2a

s2!sat2
d) u5}
t

2(s ut)

e) a5
t2

2(s ut)
f) t5
a

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

19

Solutions

!
1 rA 2 2r

A
2. a) r5


s2 t2

vf

c) u5
vf

fu
d) n5
uf

1 2

1 2

2
f) g5l
t

t 2
e) l5 g
2

b) h5

2
7(p + 2)
3. a ) x =
b) a = 4 + (b 3)
3t

Exercise 11.14 page 113

1.

a) 0.53m3 (2d.p.) b) r5

c) 5.05cm

2.

a) 66C (2s.f.)

9C
c) F5}}132
5

3.

b) 211C (2s.f.)

a) 15 hours
c) 5000m

b) H51200(T2k)

a) 524cm3 (3s.f.)

c) r58.42m (3s.f.)

3V
b) r53
4
x 2 1.5
b) n5
0.05

5. a) $251.50
c) n5470

Exercise 11.15 page 114

xp
1. a) }}
yq
d

d) }}
c

q
b) }}
y
bd
e) }2}
c

2.

a) m2

b) r5

c) x6

d) xy2

e) abc3

r3
f) }}
pq

b)4q2

c)5n

e)3p

2
f) }}
3mn

2x
3. a) }}
y
d)3x3y

2a
4. a) }}
3b
d)3xy

8y
5. a) }}
3
ef

d) }2}
c
20x
6. a)

3
20

p
c) }}
r
f) p

2y
b) }}
x

c)2

e)3

f)6xy

5p
b) }}
2

p3
c) }}
s

b)

9b
8

Exercise 11.16 page 115

4
1. a) }}
7
cd

d)
13
3
2. a) }}
11
2a 5b

d)
3
1
3. a) }}
2
7

d) }}
2x
4.

d) 320F

4.

!
h

5.

ab
b)
7
xyz
e)
3

11
c) }}
13
p2 q2
f)
5
4
c) }}
a

c2d
b)
11
2x 3y
e)
7
3
b) }}
2a
3
e) }}
2p

1
f) 2}}
2x
5
c) }}
3c
1
f) 2}}
2w

3p 2 q
a)
12
x 2 2y
d)
12

x 2 2y
b)
4
5r 1 m
e)
10

3m 2 n
c)
9
5s t
f)
15

7x
a) }}
12
m
d) }}
p

9x 2y
b)
15
x
e) }}
2y

m
c) }}
2
4r
f) }}
7s

Exercise 11.17 page 116

3a 1 2b
1. a)
6
6a 1 5b

d)
15
a
2. a) }}
6
11a

d) }}
15
m
3. a) }}
10

5a 1 3b
b)
15
9x 1 20y
e)
36
2a
b) }}
15
29x
e) }}
36
r
b) }}
10

7p 1 4q
c)
28
10x 1 14y
f)
35
11p
c) }}
28
24x
f) }}
35
x
c) 2}}
4

29x
d) }}
28
p
4. a) }}
2
m

d) }}
3
3m
5. a) }}
2
5m

d) }}
2

23x
e) }}
6
2c
b) }}
3
q
e) }}
5
7m
b) }}
3
p
e) }}
3

p
f) }}
6
4x
c) }}
5
w
f) }}
4
m
c) 2
2
36q
f) }}
7

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

Solutions

x 1 xy
b)
y
2xy 2 x
e)
y

7. a) 5a + 12
6

b) 11b 20
15

2. a) 8(2p2q)
c) 5pq(p22q)

b) p(p26q)
d) 3pq(322p14q)

d) 25d 54
14

3. a)0
d)7

c)29
f)35
4x 2 5z
b) y5
3
3w
d) y5}}2x
m

c) 3c 2
4

mn 1 m
c)
n
2pq 2 3p
f)
q

Student assessment 2 page 119

pr 2 p
6. a)
r
a 1 ab

d)
b

Exercise 11.18 page 118

m27
3x 1 4
1. a) b)
(x 2)(x 1)
(m 2)(m 2 1)
3p 2 7
w 1 11

c) d)
(p 2 3)(p 2 2)
(w 2 1)(w 1 3)
12
12 2 m

e) f)
(y 1 4)(y 1 1)
(m 2 2)(m 1 3)
x
y
m2
2. a)
b)
c)
x2
y3
m23
p
m
m1

d)
e)
f)
p25
m4
m12
x
x
y
3. a)
b)
c)
x3
x4
y23
x
x
x

d)
e)
f)
x3
x2
x1
x
x
x
4. a)
b)
c)
x1
x3
x23
x
x
x

d)
e)
f)
x2
x23
x7

Student assessment 1 page 119

1.

2.

a)10a230b115c b)15x2227x
c) 215xy225y3
d)15x3y19x2y223x5
e)122p
f)14m2214m
g)4x13
h) AwDm223m
a)4(3a2b)
c)4p2(2p2q)

3. a) 221
d)7
4. a) q5x23p

2mt
c) y5}}
3
xyt
e) p5}}
2rs

b) x(x24y)
d)8xy(322x1y)
b)26
e)12

c) 43
f)12

3m 2 8r
b) n5
5
2y
d) w5}}2y
x
f) x5w(m1n)2y

1.

a) 6x29y115z
c) 28m2n14mn2
e) 22x22
g) 2

b) 27
e)7

4. a) n5p24m

b) 8pm228p
d) 20p3q28p2q228p3
f) 22x2214x
h) Tw x22x

10px
c) y5}}
3
pqt
e) r5}}
4mn

f) q5r(m2n)2p

Student assessment 3 page 120

1.


2.

a) (m25n)(x25)
b) (2x29y)(2x19y)
c) 7600
d) (x22y2)(x21y2) 5 (x y)(x + y)(x2 + y2)
a) x218x115
c) x2110x125
e) 6x2113x28

b) x2214x149
d) x225x214
f) 25y2270y149

3.

a) (x216)(x22) b) (x14)(x26)
c) (x26)(x23) d) (x21)2
e) (2x21)(x13) f) (3x22)2
4.

v2 u2
a) a 5
2s

c) s 5

rn

!
m

e) x = 7 2y
3
5. a) b2

b) h5p
w2w2
ww
rw2
42l
d) g5
t2
f) x =
b) x4

2
p3q
d)
e) 5t
2
6
r

3m
12m 1 5n
6. a) b) }}
16
4y

6r
8x 2 9y
d)
e) }}
12
7
5m 1 13
7. a) }

(m 1 2)(m 1 3)
x

c)
x7

5w
3

4n2
c)
m

3
f) 2s
3r
5r
c) }}
12x

5x 2
3
y3
b)
y23
f)

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

21

Solutions

Student assessment 4 page 121

1.

a) (q1r)(p23r)
b) (12t2)(11t2) = (1 2 t)(1 1 t)(1 1 t2)
c) 750000
d) 50

2.

a) x222x28
c) x212xy1y2
e) 6x2213x16

b) x2216x164
d) x22121
f) 9x2230x125

3. a) (x211)(x17) b) (x23)2
c) (x212)(x112) d) 3(x22)(x13)
e) (2x23)(x14) f) (2x25)2
4. a) f5

p

!
m

!
5

a) c8
d) m3n6
uv3
g)
2

2. a) 12a5
d) 16m4n6
g) 24xy3

b) m2
e) 2a4b
x2y3 z2
h)
3

c) b9
f) 3x3y2

b) 8a5b3
e) 200p13
h) ab(d1e)

c) 8p6
f) 32m5n11

Exercise 12.2 page 124

e ) p = 4q

f) t = r(s 1)
2+ r

g
1. a)
c3 b)
1
2
c)
q d)
m1 or
m
r6
p6

2. a)
a2 b)
or 6
6
p
r
c)
t16 d)
m9

b) nq

c) y3

4
d) }}
q

3
e ) n
2

2
f) 21bc
4

2m
3p
b) 2
6. a) }}
16
11
6m 13n

d) e ) 14 y
3
30p
7x 2 23
a)
(x 5)(x 2)
1
c) }}
x13

3x
c) }}
4y
e ) 4y + 9
2

a2b
b) }}
a1b

a) 0.204m3 (3s.f.)
c) r55.40cm

2. a) 2410cm2

c) 10.9cm

Exercise 12.3 page 125

3

1. a) a5 b) a3 c) a d) a7
5

2. a)( b)2 b)( b)8 c)( b)2 d)( b)4

3

3. a) a4 b) a 20 c) a2 d) a
20

4. a)( b)19 b)( b)7 c)( b)14

5
2

x
5. a) b)
2y 3 c) 4p
12

V
b) r5
h
A
b) h5}}2r
2r

d)

3. a) a7 b) p5 q9 c) b3 d) e6
1
1
4. a) r4 b) 2 or b2 c)
or n3
b
n3
5. a) p9 b) h7

Student assessment 2 page 126

b) 3.68m (3s.f.)

1. a) a8 b) a

2
c) x5d
ww2
wy
w2w2
wz
w2w

d) 0.713m (3s.f.)
a) 4.44s (3s.f.)

c) 2.28m (3s.f.)

22

25

2. a)( b4) b)( b2)

11

Tg
b) l5 2
4

2. a) m m m b) r r r r

a) 5.39cm (3s.f.)

4.

9
2x 3

1. a) a3b2 b) d2e5

3.

16

d)( b)11

Student assessment 1 page 126

Student assessment 5 page 122

1.

1.

ty
d) x5
y2t

a) x4

Exercise 12.1 page 123

A 2
c) p5 2q
r

5.

7.

Algebraic indices

b) t5

1 2

12

19

3. a) a6 b) a6
15

4. a)( t )3 b)( t )19

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

Solutions

13

 quations and
E
inequalities

a) 20
e) 31

b) 25
f) 40

c) 14

d) 25

5. a) 50

b) 13

c) 40

d) 40

6.

b) 2
f) 15

c) 7

d) 1.1

4.

Exercise 13.1 page 127

1.

a) x524
d) p524

b) y55
e) y58

c) y525
f) x525.5

2.

a) x54 Qe
d) y528

b) x55
e) y54

c) x56
f) m510

3.

a) m51
d) x5221

b) p53
e) x52

c) k521
f) y53

4.

a) x56
d) m512

b) y514
e) x535

c) x54
f) p520

5.

a) x515
d) x58

b) x525
e) x52.5

c) x57.5
f) x510

6.

a) x55
d) x55

b) x514
e) x58

c) x522
f) x52

7.

a) y510
d) y525

b) x517
e) x54

c) x513
f) x56.5

Exercise 13.2 page 129

1. a) i) 3x1605180
iii) 40, 60, 80

b) i) 3x5180
iii) 20, 80, 80

c) i) 18x5180
iii) 20, 50, 110

d)i) 6x5180
iii) 30, 60, 90

e) i) 7x2305180
iii) 10, 40, 130

f ) i) 9x2455180
iii) 25, 55, 100

d)i) 9x1455360 ii) x535
iii) 35, 55, 120, 150

e)i) 6x1185180 ii) x527
iii) 50, 50, 130, 130

ii) x540

Exercise 13.3 page 133

1.

a) x54
c) x56
e) x55

y52 b) x56
y521 d) x55
y52 f) x54

y55
y52
y59

2.

a) x53
c) x51
e) x51

y52 b) x57
y51 d) x51
y510 f) x58

y54
y55
y52

3.

a) x55 y54
c) x510 y55
e) x54 y54

b) x54
d) x56
f) x510

4.

a) x55
c) x55
e) x51

b) x54
y52
d) x55
y522
f) x523 y523

5.

a) x525 y522 b) x523 y524

c) x54 y53 We d) x52
y57
e) x51 y51 f) x52
y59

6.

a) x52
c) x54
e) x55

y53
y56
y51

7.

a) x51
c) x54
e) x52

y521 b) x511 We y58

y50 d) x53
y54
y58 f) x51
y51

ii) x560
ii) x510
ii) x530
ii) x530
ii) x525

2. a) i) 12x5360
ii)
iii) 90, 120, 150

b)i) 11x1305360 ii)
iii) 90, 135, 135

c)i) 12x1605360 ii)
iii) 35, 80, 90, 155

d)i) 10x1305360 ii)
iii) 33, 94, 114, 119

a) 5
e) 25

y54
y53
y55

y53
y54
y522

b) x55
y510
d) x54
y54
f) x523 y523

Exercise 13.4 page 135

x530

1.

a) x52
c) x55
e) x54

y53
y52
y52

b) x51
d) x53
f) x56

y54
y53
y51

2.

a) x51
c) x53
e) x52

y54
y53
y53

b) x55
d) x56
f) x52

y52
y51
y53

3.

a) x50
c) x51
e) x52

y53
y57
y55

b) x55
d) x56
f) x53

y52
y54
y50

4.

a) x51
c) x5 Qt
e) x55

y50.5 b) x52.5 y54

y54 d) x5 Er
y5 Qw
y5Q f) x5 Qw y51

x530
x525
x533

3. a)i) 11x2805360 ii) x540

iii) 40, 80, 80, 160

b)i) 10x1605360 ii) x530
iii) 45, 90, 95, 130

c)i) 16x185360 ii) x522
iii) 44, 96, 100, 120

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

23

Solutions

Exercise 13.5 page 135

1.

10 and 7

2.

16 and 9

3.

x51 y54

4.

x55 y52

5.

60 and 20 years old

6.

60 and 6 years old

5.

a) 24 and 3
d) 21

b) 26 and 22 c) 29 and 4
e) 22
f) 29 and 28

6.

a) 0 and 8
d) 24 and 0

b) 0 and 7
e) 0 and 9

7.

a) 21.5 and 21
c) 21 and Qe
e) 1.5 and 5

8.

a) 212 and 0 b) 29 and 23 c) 28 and 4

d) 27 and 2 e) 26 and 6 f) 210 and 10

a) 7
d) 7

b) 3
e) 10

c) 6
f) 15

1.

24 and 3

2.

26 and 7

2.

a) 7
d) 10

b) 6
e) 3

c) 6

3. 2

3.

a) 8
d) 6

b) 5
e) 6

c) 8

4.

4. 4

a) 6, 18, 26
b) 160, 214, 246, 246
c) 50, 80, 100, 140, 170
d) 80, 80, 80, 160, 160, 160
e) 150, 150, 150, 150, 120, 120, 120, 120

Exercise 13.7 page 139

1.

a) 24 and 23
c) 21 and 212
e) 2 and 3

b) 22 and 26
d) 2 and 5
f) 2 and 4

2.

a) 25 and 2
d) 22 and 7

3.

a) 23 and 22 b) 23
d) 4 and 6
e) 24 and 3

c) 28 and 23
f) 22 and 6

4.

a) 22 and 4
d) 26 and 7

c) 26 and 5
f) 29 and 6

b) 22 and 5
e) 25 and 3

b) 24 and 5
e) 27 and 9

c) 27 and 2
f) 23 and 5

Exercise 13.8 page 139

1.

a) 23 and 3
c) 25 and 5
e) 212 and 12

b) 24 and 4
d) 211 and 11
f) 215 and 15

2.

a) 22.5 and 2.5

c) 21.6 and 1.6
e) 2 Qe and Qe

b) 22 and 2
d) 2 Qw and Qw
f) 2 w Q p and w Q p

3.

a) 24 and 21
c) 24 and 22
e) 2 and 5

b) 25 and 22
d) 2 and 4
f) 24 and 2

4.

24

a) 22 and 5
d) 26 and 3

b) 21 and 2.5
d) 25 and 2 Qw
f) 21 Qe and Qw

Exercise 13.9 page 140

Exercise 13.6 page 137

1.

c) 23 and 0
f) 0 and 4

b) 25 and 2
e) 24 and 6

c) 23 and 6
f) 26 and 8

5.

Height = 3 cm, base length = 12 cm

6.

Height = 20 cm, base length = 2 cm

7.

Base length = 6 cm, height = 5 cm

8.

a) 9x114550 b) x54

c) 11m36m

Exercise 13.10 page 142

1. a) 23.14 and 4.14
c) 26.14 and 1.14
e) 26.89 and 1.89

b) 25.87 and 1.87

d) 24.73 and 21.27
f) 3.38 and 5.62

2. a) 25.30 and 21.70

c) 23.79 and 0.79
e) 24.77 and 3.77

b) 25.92 and 5.92

d) 21.14 and 6.14
f) 22.83 and 2.83

3. a) 20.73 and 2.73

c) 21.79 and 2.79
e) 0.38 and 2.62

b) 21.87 and 5.87

d) 23.83 and 1.83
f) 0.39 and 7.61

4. a) 20.85 and 2.35

c) 0.14 and 1.46
e) 20.39 and 1.72

b) 21.40 and 0.90

d) 22 and 20.5
f) 21.54 and 1.39

Exercise 13.11 page 144

1. a) x,4
11

b) x.1

c) x3

11
00

22

33

44

22

33

44

11

22

33

88

99

10
10

22

33

d) x7
77

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013
00

11

10

e) x ,2
1

6
6

1
1

11
11

10
10

9
9

23
23

22
22

21
21

2
2

1
1

0
0

11
1

22
2

33
3

10
10
10

11
11
11

12
12
12

3. a) x ,2

c) x2
11
1

22
2
1
1
1

00
0

11
1

0.5
0.5
0.5

00
0

0.5
0.5
0.5

33
3

44
4

22
2

1.

4.2

3 44

4 55

100

0 11

1 22

1 22

2 33

3 44

d)No solution

1
1

1.

a) 9

b) 11

c) 24

d) 6

2.

a) 1.5

b) 7

c) 4

d) 3

3. a) 210

b) 12

c) 10

d) 11 Qr

4. a) 16

b) 28 We

c) 2

d) 3.5

a) x55 y52
c) x55 y54

b) x53 Qey54 Qe
d) x55 y51

1.

a) 26

b) 6

c) 4

d) 2.4

2.

a) 0.5

b) 4

c) 9.5

d) 5

3. a)6

b) 15

c) 22

d) 6

4. a)8.5

b) 4 Qe

c) 8.5

d) 12

1.

a) x57 y54
c) x57 y51

b) p51 q52
d) m53 n55

a) 4x1405180
c) 35, 70, 75

b) x535

2. 9

Exercise 13.12 page 144

1
2
a)2 ,x4

2 33

Student assessment 3 page 145

f ) x2
11
1

3
1 22

c)2 ,x,3

5.

e) x .20.5
1
1
1

44
4

d) x22
2
2
2

33
3

4.2

3.

30, 30, 30, 30, 30, 30, 45, 45, 45, 45

4.

25 and 21

5.

7.16 and 0.838 (3 s.f.)

6. 6
x,7

b)1 x,5
1

3.5

3.5

7. None

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013
4

4.5

5.5

4.5

5.5

5.5

5.5

Student assessment 2 page 145

b) x12
9
99

5.

00
0

Student assessment 1 page 145

f ) x23
3
3

1
2
1

0
0

e) x .224
24
24

2
2

4.5

b) 21x,1

2
2

d) x212
12
12

11

c) x .23
3
3

00

a)1 ,x5
2
0 11

Solutions

2.

1
0
0

4.5

d)2 x,4.2

8
8

4
4

1
1

b) x22
2
2

7
7

3.5

2. a) x ,7
5
5

f ) x.2

c)3.53x,53.5

25

Solutions

Student assessment 4 page 146

1.

a) 9x2905360
c) 50, 60, 100, 150

b) x550

4.
5.

b) 0.44 and 4.56 (2d.p.)

a)
B

3.

135, 85, 95, 95, 130

4.

24 and 5

5.

2.77 and 21.27 (3 s.f.)

6. 3
,x5
2

14

7. All values other than 0

Student assessment 5 page 147

1.

x4

2. 2

a)

x cm

(x  3) cm

x2

c)10cm, 8cm, 6cm

Linear
programming

Exercise 14.1 page 149

1.

a) x,2
d) y6

2.

a)2,y4
c) 5m,7

b) y2
e) t.0

c) x22
f) p23

b) 1p,5
d) 3,x,4

Exercise 14.2 page 150

1.

a)

Perimeter = 54 cm

b) 4x26554
c) Length515cm Width512cm

y
8
6
5

2.

a) x, x 2 8, x 2 23
b) 3x 2 31 5 134; 55, 47, 32

3.

b) 20.317 and 6.32 (3s.f.)

4.

a) x2y518 x1y1701405360
b) x5134 y5116

5.

a)

4
2

O
2 1
1

x8

2
3

x1

c)5cm, 12cm, 13cm

Student assessment 6 page 148

1.

a) x2y530 x1y1405180
b) x585 y555

2.

b) 5x1100
c) 92
e) 92
1821721621525360

3.

b) 120
24x2
2
c) 4x 26450 x54

26

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

5 x

Solutions

b)

y
8

e) 

1
O
2 1
1

1
1

O
2 1
1

5 x

2

2

3

3

c)

y
8

y
8

f) 

5 x

5 x

5 x

y
8
7

6
5

1
O
2 1
1

O
2 1
1

5 x

2

2

3

3

d)

2. a)

y
8
7

1
O
2 1
1

1
1

5 x

O
2 1
1

2

2

3

y
8

3

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

27

Solutions
b)

y
8

y
8

e)

1
O

2 1
1

1
1

2

2

3

3

y
8

c)

f)

5 x

5 x

1
O
2 1
1

1
1

O
2 1
1

5 x

2

2

3

Exercise 14.3 page 152

y
8

1.

y
8
7

1
O
2 1
1

3

d)

y
8

O
2 1
1

5 x

5 x

1
O
2 1
1

2
3

2

3

28

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

5 x

Solutions
2.

Exercise 14.4 page 153

y
8
7

1.

a) x52,y,8 x1y12

b)

12

11

10

1
O

2 1
1

3.

9
1

5 x

2

3

5
4

y
8

3
2

6
5

4
3

O
2 1
1

5 x

9 10 11 12 x

2.

a) p5 q2 p1q10

b)

2

3

12
11
10

y
8

9
8

6
5

1
O
2 1
1
2
3

c)Any integer point in the unshaded region,

e.g. (5, 3) meaning 5 car trips and 3 minibus
trips

4.

2
1

5 x

9 10 11 12 p

c)Any integer point in the unshaded region,

e.g. (5, 2) meaning 5 loaves and 2 cakes

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

29

Solutions
3. a) m
 2 n2mm1n11
b)

12

Student assessment 1 page 153

1.

a) x5

b) y3

2.

a) 2,y4

b) 4,p8

3. a) r,103,s,9 s1r,12

b)

11

10

12

11

10

1
0

9 10 11 12 m

2
1

c)Any integer point in the unshaded region,

e.g. (2, 4) meaning 2 long curtains and 4
short ones

4. a)3L,9 S,6 L1S10

b)

9 10 11 12 r

4.

a)12,A1E,20 A,10 EA13

b) 
E
20
18

10

16

14

12

10

1
1

9 10 11 12 L

c)Any of the points in the unshaded region,

e.g. (3, 0) meaning 3 large oranges and no
small ones.

30

c)Students own answer

11

12

8 10 12 14 16 18 20 A

c)Students own answers

Student assessment 2 page 154

1.

a) x7

b) y9

2.

a) 1p,4

b) 4,x7

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

Solutions

3. a) x,4 y.2 x1y8

b) 
y

Position

10

75

Term

11

29

59

449

6n 1

Position

50

100

Term

47

97

n + 3

Position

10

100

Term

24

294

3n + 6

Position

10

50

Term

10

16

25

145

3n 5

2
1
1

c)Students own answers

8 x

4. a) c1e40 c16 e5 c.2e

b) 
e
40

36

24
20
16
12
8
4

15

8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 c

c)Students own answers

f)
2

20

50

5.5

11.5

34

79

1.5n 4

i) +4
b)
ii)4n + 1
iii)201
i) +3
d)
ii)3n 13
iii)137
i) +4
f)
ii)4n 62
iii)138

i) +1
ii) n 1
iii)49
i) +0.5
ii) 0.5n + 5.5
iii)30.5
i)3
ii) 3n + 75
iii)75

1. un = n2 + 1
2. un = n2 1

Exercise 15.1 page 157

i) 3n + 2
b)
ii) 32
i) n 0.5
d)
ii)9.5
i) 3n 10
f)
ii)20

3. a)



c)



e)

Exercise 15.2 page 161

Sequences

1. a)


c)


e)


2. a)

e)

Term

28

d)

Position

32

c)

5
3

b)

3. un = n2 + 5
i) 4n 4
ii) 36
i) 3n + 9
ii)21
i) 4n 5
ii)45

4. un = n2 + 8
5. un = n2 3
6. un = 2n2 + 2
7. un = 2n2 2
8. un = 3n2 + 2

Position

12

50

Term

17

45

197

4n 3

9. un = 4n2 4
10. un = 5n2 4

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

31

Solutions

Exercise 15.3 page 161

4. a) u5 = 27, u100 = 597

b) u5 = 32 , u100 = 46

1. un = n3 + 10

5. a)

2. un = n3 n
3. un = n3 5
4. un = n3 + n2

8. un = n3 + 5n + 7

1. a) Geometric
c) Not geometric

e) Not geometric

b)Geometric
d)Geometric
f) Not geometric

Term

17

14

11

10

55

3n + 20

b)

b)8
1

4

c) 65536

5. $38203.20
6. a) Because 0.85 0
b) $3276.80
c) Because 0.8n 0 where n is the number of
year

Student assessment 1 page 165

a) i) 45, 54
ii) Terms increasing by 9
b) i) 30, 24
ii) Terms decreasing by 6
c) i) 2.25, 1.125 ii) Terms halving
d) i) 212, 218 ii) Terms decreasing by 6
e) i) 27, 8
ii) Descending order of cube
numbers
f) i) 81, 243 ii) Terms multiplied by 3
b) 6n + 7
e) 10n 2 10

3. a) i) un = 4n 3
ii)
37
b) i)un = 3n + 4
ii)
26

80

35

n
1
2

n5

1. a) $515.46

b) 3 years

2. a) $253.50

b)$8.08

3. a)

b) 243

13

c)10

5. un = n3 + n2 + 3n + 5

ii) 25 , 125

iii) un = 2(3)n1
iii) un = 25( 5 )n1

d) i) 3
ii) 243, 729
iii) un = (3)n
3 a) 6, 12, 24

10

4. un = n + 3n + 4

b) i) 5

ii) 162, 486

32

25

a) i) 3

2. a) 4n 2

d) n2 3

10

Student assessment 2 page 166

Exercise 15.4 page 164

Term

7. un = n3 + n2 n

1.

Position

6. un = n3 + 3n2 + 5n 2

4 a) 4

b)

5. un = n3 + n2 + 5n

Position

c) 6n 2 3
f) n3 2 1

16

Variation

Exercise 16.1 page 170

1. a)3

b)21

c)27

d)3

e)10

2. a)0.5

b)8

c)24.5 d)8

e)16

3. a)24

3
1
b) 8 c) 9 d)1
1
b)25 c)4
d) 16

4. a)0.25

Exercise 16.2 page 170

1. a) i) y x3

1
ii)
y = k3
x3
x

b)i)y

c)i)t P
d)i)s

ii) y = kx3

ii) t = kP

1
s = kt
t ii)

e)i)A r2
f) i) T

1
g

ii) A = kr2

ii) T =

2. 10.5
1

3. a) 2 b)2
4. 32
1

5. a) 8 b)0.4
6. 75

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

k
g

Solutions

Exercise 16.3 page 171

17

1. a) h = kt
d) 6s

b) 5

c) 45m

2. a) v = k e

b)3

c) 49J

13

Exercise 17.1 page 175

3. a) l = km

b)3 c) l = 6cm

4. a) P = kI2

b) 5 amps

1.
100

1. a)1.5

b)15

c)3

d)12

2. a)10

b)2.5

c) 1

d)20

b)72

d)12

1
c) 3
1
c) 2

c)2

d)1

3. a)

4. a) 5

b)

5. a) 3

b)

5
4
4
3

Distance (km)

Student assessment 1 page 172

1

3

80
60
40
20

d)1

Student assessment 2 page 173

1. a)

 raphs in practical
G
situations

16

32

32

16

10

20

30

40

50

Distance (miles)

60

70

a) 50km531 miles
b) 40 miles564km,therefore
80 miles5128km
c) 100km/h562mph
d) 40mph564km/h

2.

b)1.6

140

2. a)
x

10

10

20

25

50

10

20

10

16

25

36

64

10

12

16

Temperature (F)

120

b)

c)

3. a) 0.8

b)0.8

4. a) 1.6 (1 d.p.)

b)2

100
80
60
40
20
0

10

20

30

40

Temperature (C)

50

a) 25C 5 80F
b) 100F 5 35C
c) 0C 5 30F
d) 100F 535C, therefore 200F5 70C

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

33

Solutions
3.

Approx.
True

120
Temperature (F)

100
80
60

Exercise 17.2 page 176

1.

a) 6m/s
d) 20km/h

b) 4m/s
e) 160km/h

c) 39km/h
f) 50km/h

2.

a) 400m
d) 255km

b) 182m
e) 10 km

c) 210km
f) 79.2km

3.

a) 5s
b) 50s
d) 1 min 11.4s
e) 5s
f) 4min

40
20

Exercise 17.3 page 176

10

20

30

40

Temperature (C)

50

1.

Distance (m)

ii)The rough conversion is most useful at lower

temperatures (i.e. between 0 and 20C).

4. a) 

10

Cost ($)

Off Peak

6
4

2.

b)8 min 5$6.80

c)8 min 5$9.60
d)Extra time 51min 20s
120

10

10

Time (s)

30
20
10
2

Time (s)

a) 5 s

80

3.

a)Speed A=40m/s Speed B513 Qe m/s

b)Distance apart 5453 Qe m

60

4.

a) We m/s
d) Qw m

100
Marks out of 120

40

5.

40

b) 17.5m

b) 6m/s, We m/s
e) 7 Qe m

c) 1m/s

Exercise 17.4 page 178

20
20

40

60

80

100

Percentage

a)80 567%

c)54 545%
34

20

50
Distance (m)

2
4
6
Time (min)

30

2
0

40

10

Peak

60
50

i) a) 25C 5 77F
b) 100F 5 38C

c) 0C 5 32F

d) 100F 538C, therefore 200F5 76C

c) 4min

1.

a) 45km/h b) 20km/h
c)Paul has arrived at the restaurant and is
waiting for Helena.

b)110 592%
d)72 560%

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

Solutions

Exercise 17.5 page 180

Distance (km)

150

1.

Acceleration is 0.375m/s2

100

2.

Acceleration is 0.2m/s2

3.

Acceleration is 7m/s2

4.

Acceleration is 1.75m/s2

5.

Deceleration is 0.25m/s2

6.

Deceleration is 1m/s2

50
0

2
Time (h)

7.
30
Speed (m/s)

Distance (km)

3.

20
10
0

Distance from Fyodors

house (km)

4. a)

8.

2
Fyodor

1
5

b) After 20 min

10
15
20
Time (min)

25

Distance from P (km)

10
2

6
8
Time (s)

10

12

6
8
Time (s)

10

12

35
25
20
15
10

c) Distance52 Qe km

Exercise 17.6 page 180

150
100
50
0
18 00 18 20 18 40 19 00 19 20 19 40 20 00
Time

b)Time18 57
c) Distance from Q79km
d) The 18 10 train from station Q arrives first.

6. a) a : 133 Qe km/h

b) d
 :100km/h

20

30

5. a)

30

30

Yin

50
40

2
Time (h)

Speed (m/s)

2.

1.

a) 1.5m/s2

b) 0m/s2

c) 0.5m/s2

2.

a) Cheetah
d) 15m/s2

b) 7.5m/s2

c) 5m/s2

3. a) 0.5m/s2

b) 0.25m/s2
c) 0.104m/s2 (3s.f.)
d) Travelling at a constant speed of 30m/s
e) Stationary

b:0km/h c:200km/h
e:200km/h

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

35

Solutions

Exercise 17.7 page 182

Student assessment 1 page 184

1.

1. a)


10

2000

8
6

Rupees

Speed (m/s)

a)

4
2
0

4
6
Time (s)

b) 0.5m/s2

2.

a)

1500
1000
500

10

c) 75m

Time (s)

0.5

1.5

2.5

Speed (m/s)

10

Speed (m/s)

30

40 50
Yuan

b) 50 yuan51250 rupees
c) 1600 rupees564 yuan

2.

a)

60

70

10

80

80

b) 

60
Rand

20

40
20

4
3

2
1
0

0.5

1.5
2.0
Time (s)

2.5

3.0

km

i) 5 km: 50 rand ii) 8.5 km: 71 rand

b)80 rand: 10 km
3.

a)

c)9 m

3. a) 1.5m/s2

b) 2400m

4.

a) 390m

b) 240m

5.

21.45km

6.

720m

7.

a) 0.37m/s2
d) 204m

b) 2.16m/s2
e) 4m

40

c) 40s
Cost ($)

30
20
10

c) 208m

36

B
A

50

100 150 200 250 300 350 400

Units

b)If the customer uses under 200 units/

quarter then he or she should use account
type B.

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

Solutions
2.

500

150

400

100
50
0

a)

200

Cost (DM)

Distance (km)

4. a)

300
200
100

Time (h)

b)180 km

b) $295

3.

a)

150

c) $408

d) 3 Qw h

100

Distance (km)

Distance from M (km)

200

50
1

Time (h)

Time (h)

5. a) 

b) Distance from M77km

c)Time1h 13min after start

Student assessment 2 page 185

1.

2
1
0

10

15

20

25

Time (min)

b)25 min

4.

a) B, C
b)B because it illustrates going back in time,
C because it illustrates infinite speed

K
250

Student assessment 3 page 186

200
150

1.

a) 2m/s2

b) 225m

c) 10.6s (3s.f.)

2.

a) 4m/s

b) 3m/s

c) 102m

d) 9.83s

100
50
250 200 150 100 50

50

a) 240C5233K
b) 100K52173C

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

37

Solutions

Speed (km/h)

3. a)

 raphs of
G
functions

18

120
100
80
60
40
20

Exercise 18.1 page 190

1.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Time (s)

24

23

22

21

10

22

22

10

y
14

b) 189m (3s.f.)

12

4. a) 1m/s2

b) 750m

c) 1237.5m

10
8
6

Student assessment 4 page 187

4
2

1.

a) 2.5m/s2
b) 180m
c) 3.5s (1d.p.)

2.

a) 0.278m/s2 (3s.f.)
b) 93.8m (3s.f.)
c) 97.2m (3s.f.)

3.

a) 

5 4 3 2 1 0
2

2.

160

23

22

21

212

25

25

212

6 x

Speed (km/h)

y
6

100

80

60

4 3 2 1 0
2

40

4

b) 162.5m

4. a) 3.33m/s2 (3s.f.)

b) 240m

c) 212.5m

4 5 6
Time (s)

6

8
10
12

3.

38

4 x

6

120

20

4

140

14

21

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

Solutions
6.

y
10

22

21

23

23

8
7

y
10

3 2 1 0
2

1
2 1 0

4.

6 x

4 x

4
6

24

23

22

21

29

24

21

21

24

29

7.

23

22

21

215

24

29

y
9

y
2
5 4 3 2 1 0
2

3 x

4

6

4 3 2 1 0
3

8

6

10

9

12

12

14

15

4 x

18

5.
8.
x 24 23 22 21

0 27 212 215 216 215 212 27 0

22

21

12

26

26

12

y
14

12

12

10

5 4 3 2 1 0
3
6

7 x

4
2

9

3 2 1 0
2

12

4

15

6

18

8

4 x

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

39

Solutions
9.

21

Exercise 18.3 page 192

24

27

22

11

1.

21.6 and 2.6

2.

No solution

3.

2 and 4

4.

23.5 and 2.5

5.

0.3 and 3.7

6.

0 and 3.5

7.

20.2 and 2.2

8.

2 Qe and 2

y
12
10
8

2 1
2

Exercise 18.4 page 193

4 x

1.

4

6

8

10.

22

21

225

29

21

21

29

225

1
O

4 x

O
4 3 2 1
1
1

4 x

4 3 2 1
y
2 1 0
2

1

3 x

4
6

2.

2
y

10
12

14

16

18

20
22

24

2

26

3

Exercise 18.2 page 191

1.

22 and 3

2.

21 and 1

4

3. 3
4.

24 and 3

5. 2
6.

0.5 and 3

7. 1
8.
40

2 Qe and 2
Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

Solutions
3.

2. i)

f(x)

23

22

21

2.5

3.5

4.5

5.5

ii)

4 3 2 1

6
1

4 x

1

3
2

2

O
3 2 1
1
1
2

Exercise 18.5 page 194

1. i)
x

f(x)

ii)

3 x

3

23

22

21

27

24

21

11

3. i)

24 23 22 21

y
12

f(x)

10

ii)

21 23 25 27
y
6
5

2
O
3 2 1
1
2

3 x

1
O
4 3 2 1
1
1

4
6

2 x

2

8

3

4
5
6
7

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

41

Solutions
4. i)
x

f(x)
ii)

23

22

21

17

21

17

6. i)

f(x)

22

21

17

ii)

y
18

18

16

16

14

14

12

12

10

10

2
O
3 2 1
1
2

3 x
3 2 1

25 24 23 22 21

f(x) 5.5

ii)

2 20.5 22 22.5 22 20.5 2 5.5

7. i) x

3 x

f(x) 216 22

16

ii)

y
6

16
12

1
O
5 4 3 2 1
1

22

20

O
2 1
1
4

3 x

8

2

12

3

42

21

5. i)
x

16

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

Solutions
8. i)

23

f(x) 24.5

22 21
3

4.5

1.5

10.5

f(x)

23

22

21

0.22

0.5

0.5

0.22

ii)

y
12

ii)

10. i)

10
8
6
4

2
O
3 2 1
1
2

3 x

4

9. i)

21

f(x) 21 21.5 23

1.5

23

ii)

22

3 2 1

23

22

3 x

11. i)

y
5

f(x) 28.88 25.75 22

ii)

10

3 2 1
1

6.25 9.11

2
O

21

3 x

4
2

2

O
3 2 1
1
2

3
4

3 x

4

6
8

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

43

Solutions

Exercise 18.6 page 195

1. i)

f(x)

3. i)

23

22

21

0.04

0.11

0.33

27

21

f(x) 3.125 3.25 3.5

11

f(x) 22.875 21.75 20.5 1

11

23

ii)

ii)

22

12
10

27

24

21

18

15

3 2 1 0
2

12
9

3 x

6
3

2. i)

23 22 21

f(x)
ii)

3 2 1 0

3 x

4. i)

ii)

23

22

21

y
12
10
8

6
4
2

4 3 2 1 0
2
4

3 2 1 0

3 x

44

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

4 x

Solutions
5. i)

f(x)

23

22

21

Exercise 18.7 page 197

3.125

2.25

1.5

1. i)

ii)

14

12

10
8

6
4

2
O
4 3 2 1
2

4 3 2 1 0

4 x

4 x

ii)
22

7
6

23

22

21

f(x) 28.96 23.89 20.67

ii)

y
8

2. i)

6. i)

ii)2

y
16

18

4
3
2

y
21

18

O
4 3 2 1
1

15

4 x

12
9

3. i)

3
4 3 2 1 0
3

y
30

ii)3

24

4 x

18

6

12

9

6
O
3 2 1
1
6

12

3 x

12
18
24
30

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

45

Solutions
y
20

4. i)

ii)24

10
O

4 3 2 1
10

Exercise 18.8 page 198

1.

a)

b) x5 2.8
y
9

4 x

20
30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100
110

120

2.

y
5

5. i)

O
4 3 2 1
1

a)

ii) 24

4 x

O
3 2 1
8

2

3 x

32

5

ii) 0.7

3.

a)

b) x51.5

y
20

16

12

O
3 2 1
4

3
2

8

46

24

4

16

3

3 2 1

b) x51.7

16

12
1

4 x

24

6. i)

32

4 3 2 1
1

40

3 x

16
20

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

3 x

Solutions

9. a) 101

b) 1120

c) P

4500

4. a)

b) x520.4, 0.5, 2.4

4000

3000

3500

2500

2000

1
O

4 3 2 1
1

1500

4 x

1000
500

2
3

4

b) x520.7, 3
y

10

1000 500 250 125 63 31 16

b)

1100
1000

27

900

24

800

21

700

18
15

600

400

500

12

300

200

3
2 1

10. a)

6

5. a)

d) Approx. 4.5 hours

5

100

5 x

6. a) 7cm
b) 0cm
e) Approx.5 Qw hours

c) 5hours

7. a) Approx.2.5

b) 2 Qw

8. a) Approx.4.3
c) Approx.2.3

b) Approx.3.3

9 10 t

c) Approx. 90 insects

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

47

Solutions

Student assessment 1 page 200

1.

a)

b)

y
10

b)

6
4
2
O
5 4 3 2 1
1
2

3 x

O
7 6 5 4 3 2 1
1
1

2 x

4
6

2. a)

8

27 26 25 24 23 22 21
8

21

b)

15

24

35

10

4.

a) 

y
8

y
36

32

28

24

20

12

16

8
4

3. a)

O
7 6 5 4 3 2 1
4
y
2
O
1
3 2 1
2

2 x

2

b) x527 and 22
5.

a)

y
1

3 x

4
6
8
10

4 3 2 1

12
14
16

1

18

48

b) x50.4 and 2.6

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

4 x

Solutions

Student assessment 2 page 201

y
1

b) 

1.

O
5 4 3 2 1
1

1 x

2
3
4
5
6
7

2. a)

8

27 26 25 24 23 22 21

212 26 22

22 26 212 220 230

4.

a) 

y
15

y
4

b) 


9

7 6 5 4 3 2 1
4

12

2 x

6
3

8

O
6 5 4 3 2 1
3

12
16
20

9

28

12

32

15

y
10

b)i) x523.7 and 2.7 ii) x521.8 and 2.8

5.

a) 

y
2

4
2

4

4 x

3 2 1
2

6

24

36

3. a) 

1
1

6 x
4 3 2 1

6

4 x

1

8
10

2

12

14

b) x522 and 1
Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

49

Solutions

Student assessment 3 page 201

1.

a)i)Linearii)Quadratic
b)Students own answer

2.

a)i)

f(x)

3.

10
0

10

10

22 22

8
6
4

y
12

ii)

b)i)5.5ii)22.5
y
12

25 24 23 22 21
4

a)

O
4 3 2 1
2

10
8

O
5 4 3 2 1
2

4

f(x) 29.3 26.5 24

ii)

12

4.

22 21

a)

21

18

6.5 9.3

15

y
10

12

O
2 1
3

2
O
3 2 1
2

10

23

8

4 x

6

b)i)

4

5 x

6

3 x

9

4
6
8
10

50

b) x520.8 and 3.3

c) x521.6 and 3.1

Student assessment 4 page 202

1.

a)i)Reciprocalii)Exponential
b)Students own answer

2.

a)i)

f(x) 22.9 21.8 20.5 1

11

23

22

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

21

Solutions
ii)

y
12

b)i)0ii)4

4.

a)

10

x 23

22 21 20.5 20.25 0 0.25 0.5 1

y 24.9 24.8 24 21

6
4

b) 

10
8

4

b) i)

6
4

f(x) 29.0 23.9 20.7 1

18

ii)

23

22

21

2
O
3 2 1
2

3 x

4

6

18

15

12

19

9
6
O

3 2 1
3

c) x5 0.4

d) x5 0.4 and 2.6

Functions

Exercise 19.1 page 204

3
1

3 x

6
9

3. a)

11 21 24 24.8 24.9

12

3 x

2
O
3 2 1
1
2

11

y
30

1.

a)6
e)2

b)10
f) 22

c)3
g) 210

d)5
h)1

2.

a)10
e) 25

b)22
f) 218

c)8
g) 223

d) 24
h) 26

3. a)2

e)1.5

b) 228
f)12

c) 220.5
g)34.5

d) 214
h)13.5

4.

b) 226.5
f)8

c) 27
g) 21

d) 28.2
h)3.5

25
20

a) 219
e)20

15

Exercise 19.2 page 204

10

1.

a)2
e)0.125

b)6.5
f) 24

c)2.375
g) 22.5

d)0.5
h) 20.7

2.

a)4
e) 23.5

b)9
f) 216

c) 21
g) 2 Re

d) 26
h) 2 Uy

3.

a)0.5
e)5

b)2
f)2.75

c) 24
g)35

d) 20.25
h)4.25

4.

a)4
e) 23.5

b)1.5
f)0.5

c)2.75
g)0.375

d)0.25
h)0.875

5
O
5 4 3 2 1
5
10

3 x

15
20

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

51

Solutions

Exercise 19.3 page 204

Exercise 19.6 page 206

1.

a)19
e)4

b)52
f)3.25

c)4
g)12

d)3
h)5

2.

a)70
e)7

b)187
f )4

c) 22
g) 24.25

d) 25
h) 24 We

3.

a) 214
e) 228

b)3.5
f)2

c)4
g) 26

d) 20.5
h) 268

4.

a) 25
d) 26.875
g) 26.25

b)32.5
e) 27.5
h)8.125

5.

a)0
d)10.5
g) 297.5

b) 24
c) 0
e) 213.5
f) 2SyG
h) 21.9 (3s.f.)

a)9
d)Infinite
g) 2AyA

b)0
e)0
h)9

6.

c)0
f)15

a) 2x13

d) x11

2. a) 12x224

b) 4x25
x
e) }}13
2
3x2
b) }}24
16

a)6

b)4

c) 21

2.

a)2

b) 20.5

c) 26

3.

a)3

b)1.5

c)2

4.

a)4

b) 22

c) 211

5.

a)4.5

b)6

c)0

6.

a)8

b) 22

c)0.5

Exercise 19.7 page 207

1.

a) x12

c) 2x211

5.

f) x11

Student assessment 1 page 208

c) 6x24

a) 50

c) 216

2.

a) 5

b) 21

c) 25.5

b) 0
2x 1 18
b)
3
b) 2

c) 15

a) 4x213x12
c) 4x2119x

4.

a) 2x14

5.

a) 5

6.

24x114

2x 1 3x 2 4
e) f) 36x2157x120
2
2

Exercise 19.5 page 206

a) x23

d) x

x
2. a) }}
4

d) 2x24

3.

a) 2(x23)

x 2 18
d)
6

52

b) x26
x
e) }}
2
x25
b)
2
4x 1 2
e)
3

c) x15
f) 3x
x16
c)
3
5x 2 7
f)
8

d) 21.6

b) 21

3.

b) 16x216x
d) 4x225x

c) 10

a) 9
a) 26

b) 22.9

1.
3.

1.

d) x

c) 25
f)11.2

d) 27x
e) 3x 26x21
f ) 12x2124x18

c) 2x

2.

b) x13

a) 2x18 b) 6x11 c) 8x12

d) 2x12
2x 2 1
3x 2 5
x17
3. a) b) c)
2
2
3
8x 2 13

d)
20
4. a) 1
b) 8
c) 39
d) 22

Exercise 19.4 page 205

1.

1.

Student assessment 2 page 208

1.

a)13

b) 22

c)1

2.

a) 22

b)1

c) 21

b)0

c)18

3.

a) 22
x29
4. a)
23
5. a)1

b)4x12
b)2

6. 32x26

x 1 24
b) 4(x12) c)
12
x14
3x 1 10
e)
f)
6
8

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

Solutions

Topic 2 Mathematical
investigations and ICT
House of cards page 209

Modelling: Stretching
a spring page 210
1.

40

1. 155
Extension (cm)

2. 8475
3. The formula can be proved using the method
of differences (see Chapter 15) as follows:
Height of house

Number of cards

15

26

40

2nd difference

11

Term

a+b+c

4a + 2b + c

9a + 3b + c

16a + 4b + c

25a + 5b + c

2a

3a + b

9a + b

7a + b

5a + b

2a

2a

It can be deduced that:

2a = 3

therefore a =

3a + b = 5 therefore b =
a+b+c=2

100

200
300
Mass (g)

400

500

100

200
300
Mass (g)

400

500

2. Linear

Position

2nd difference

10

Comparing with the algebraic table below:

1st difference

20

14

3.

40

Extension (cm)

1st difference

30

30
20
10

3
2
1
2

4. y 0.06x

therefore c = 0.

This produces the rule c = 23 n2 + 12 n which factorises

to c = 12 n(3n + 1).

5. 16.5cm
6. The spring is likely to snap (or exceed its
elastic limit).

Chequered boards page 209

1. Students own diagrams and results, presented
in a logical table.
2. Where either m or n is even, the number of
mn
.
2

black and white squares is given by

Where both m and n are odd, the number of

black and white squares differ by one. The

number of black squares is

mn 1
and the
2
mn + 1
number of white squares is
, assuming
2

that the bottom right-hand corner is white.

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

53

Solutions

ICT activity 1 page 211

1.

20

y
4

Geometrical
vocabulary

Exercise 20.1 page 216

1.

2
1

a) and f) hypotenuse right-angle

b) and c) ASA
d) and e) SAS
g) and h) SSS

Exercise 20.2 page 218

1.

Rectangle

Square

Parallelogram

Kite

Rhombus

Equilateral
triangle

Opposite sides
equal in length

Yes

Yes

Yes

No

Yes

n/a

All sides equal in

length

No

Yes

No

No

Yes

Yes

All angles right

angles

Yes

Yes

No

No

No

No

Both pairs of
opposite sides
parallel

Yes

Yes

Yes

No

Yes

n/a

Diagonals equal in
length

Yes

Yes

No

No

No

n/a

Diagonals intersect
at right angles

No

Yes

No

Yes

Yes

n/a

All angles equal

Yes

Yes

No

No

No

Yes

2.

2

3.
4
3
2
1
4

2

ICT activity 2 page 211

1. x 2.7
2. x 2.6

Exercise 20.3 page 219

Students own diagrams

3. x 2.1
4. x 0.6

54

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

Solutions

Student assessment 1 page 220

1.

a)Acute b)Obtuse
d) Rightangle

2.

Students own diagram

3.

a) Obtuse scalene triangle

b) Right-angled scalene

4.

Students own diagram

5.

All sides equal in length

Both pairs of opposite sides are parallel
Diagonals intersect at right angles

6.

Students own diagram

21

c)Reflex

3.

Exercise 21.1 page 222

1.

Students own construction

2.

Students own construction

3.

Students own construction

4.

a) Students own construction attempt

b) It is not possible as AC1BC<AB

Exercise 21.2 page 223

20 m

Students own construction

c) Approx.23m

4.

a) Students own construction

b) Approx.24m2

5.

a) Students own construction

b) Approx.12km

6.

a) Students own construction

b)

Students own construction

2.

Students own construction

Exercise 21.4 page 228

1.

a) 300m
d) 416m

b) 250m

c) 300m

2.

a) 10cm

b) 8cm c) 6cm d) 6.8cm

50 m

Exercise 21.3 page 226

1.

40

2.

20

Students own construction

36 m

Geometrical
constructions and
scale drawings

1.

a) Students own construction

b)

30 m

c) Approx.16m

Student assessment 1 page 229

1.

Students own construction

2.

Students own construction

3.

a) Students own construction

b) Approx.53m2

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

55

Solutions

Student assessment 2 page 230

Exercise 22.3 page 235

1.

Students own construction

1.

b)22wm

2.

a) 22cm

a) i)8mii) 4.8m
c)252
wcm2

3.

a) Students own construction

b) Approx.23cm2

2.

a) 220cm2
d) 3125cm3

b) 1375cm2

c) 200cm3

3.

a) 54cm2

b)3

c) 729cm3

4.

a) 1:n2

b) 1:n3

5.

112cm3

6.

0.64 litres

22

b) 24.4cm

Similarity

Exercise 22.1 page 231

1. a) Interior angles are the same, i.e.60, 30
and 90.

b) Ti

c) x56.25cm y53.75cm
2. A, C and F are similar. B and D are similar.
3. a) 6cm

b) 9cm

4. p54.8cm q54.5cm r57.5cm

5. e510cm f52 We cm

Exercise 22.4 page 236

1.

20cm

2.

a) 1:8

3.

16cm

4.

a) Not similar. Students own reasons

b) 1:3

5.

a) 16cm2

b) 64cm2
b) 6cm2

b) 1:7

6. a) 10cm2

b)1.6

c) 25.6cm2

6.

a) 30km2

7. a) 10cm

b)2.5

c) 150cm2

7.

a) 10cm320cm330cm

8. a)33 Qe cm
2

b)6 We cm

9. 9.6cm
10. No, as the corresponding angles may not be
the same.
11. No, as, despite the corresponding angles being
the same, the slanting side lengths may not be
in the same ratio as the horizontal sides.

Exercise 22.2 page 234

1.

50cm2

b) 100g

Student assessment 1 page 237

1.

A and C

2.

H
1: }}
h

1 2

3.

a) Yes. Students own explanation

b) 5cm
c) 8cm
d) 6cm

4.

15m

5.

a)
3.6 cm

2. 10cm2

6 cm

3. a)
i) 456cm2 (3s.f.) ii) 90cm2iii)40cm2

b)Triangle I

4. 43.56cm2

b) 233.28cm3 c) 250.56cm2

5. 56.25cm2

6.

a) 12.8cm3

6. 18.1cm2 (3s.f.)

7.

1250cm2

8.

27000cm3

56

c) 144cm2

10.8 cm

b) 880cm2

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

c) 35.2cm2

Solutions

Student assessment 2 page 239

Student assessment 1 page 243

1.

a) 5

b) x54.5 y57.5

1. a)b)c)
Students own diagrams

2.

H
a) 1: }}
h

H
b) 1: }}
h

2. a)b) Students own diagrams

1 2

1 2

3. Proof

34
w1w
3. x54
w1wcm y5}cm z56.4cm
5
4.

156cm2 (3s.f.)

5.

a) 1000cm3

2. a)b)c) Students own diagrams

b) 12m2

3. Proof

8. 3200cm3

4. a)24

Symmetry

5.

24

Exercise 23.1 page 241

Students planes
Students planes
Students planes
Students planes
Students planes
Students planes
Students planes
Students planes

2. a)2
d)4
g)Infinite

11.8 mm (3 s.f.)

1. a)b)c) Students own diagrams

7. a) 4m by 3m

1. a) i)
b) i)
c) i)
d) i)
e) i)
f) i)

g) i)
h) i)

5.

Student assessment 2 page 244

b) 600cm2

6. 18.75cm3

23

4. 50

ii)
ii)
ii)
ii)
ii)
ii)
ii)
ii)

88.0 cm (3 s.f.)

Angle properties

Exercise 24.1 page 247

3
2
4
4
Infinite
Infinite
Infinite
9

b)2
e)Infinite
h)4

b) 9.14 cm (3 s.f.)

c)3
f)Infinite

Exercise 23.2 page 242

1.

p554

q563

2.

a555

b580

c5100

3.

v5120
z560

w560

x5120

4.

a550

b5130 c545

d5135

5.

p545
t5135

q5135 r545

s545

6.

d570

e530

7.

a537

8.

a536

1. a) Isosceles
b) Perpendicular bisector
c) 50
d) 50

e) 3.58 cm (3 s.f.) f) 9.33 cm (3 s.f.)

Exercise 24.2 page 248

2. a)True

b) True

1.

3. a)False

b) True

c) False

Exercise 23.3 page 243

1. a)70

b) 72

2. a) 10.9 cm (3 s.f.)

b) 9.33 cm (3 s.f.)
c) 3.48 cm (3 s.f.)

c) 21

d) True

a)70
e)45

b)55
f)110

2. a) a530

b) x550

c) p5130

d) d535

e) a527.5
d527.5

f) p545
s5112.5

c)60

b545
y580
q515
e555
b527.5
e597.5
q545

y560

d)73

z570
r560
f555
c555
r567.5

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

57

Solutions

Exercise 24.3 page 250

Exercise 24.8 page 257

1.

a5115

1. 55

2.

x540

y5140

3.

m575

n575

4.

s565

t5115

u5115

5.

h5120

i560

j5120

k560

6.

a580
e5140

b520

c520

d520

7.

p540

q5130

r550

8.

p575
t570

q530
u570

r550
v540

2. 80

z5140

3. 90
4. 100

s580

Exercise 24.4 page 253

1.

a)720 b)1260 c)900

2.

a)135 b)90

c)144

3.

a)72

b)30

c) 51.4 (1d.p.)

4.

a)18
e)20

b)10
f )120

c)36

d)8

5.

a)5
e)40

b)12
f )360

c)20

d)15

d)150

5. 80
6. 20
7.

x554, y518

8.

x550, y525

Exercise 24.9 page 258

1.

a572

2.

b533, c566

3.

d548, e532

4.

f530, g5120, h5120, i530, j530

5.

k555, l555, m555, n555

6.

p565, q540

Exercise 24.10 page 259

1. a580, b565
2. c5110, d598, e570

6. 12

Exercise 24.5 page 254

3. f5115, g575
4. i598, j590, k590

1. 60

2. 135

5. l595, m555, n585, p595, q555

3. 20

4. 32

6. r570, s5120, t560, u5110

5. 110

6. 22.5

Student assessment 1 page 259

Exercise 24.6 page 255

1. 35

2. 60

3. 40

4. 45

5. 24

6. 26

7.

13cm

8.

9.

17.7cm (1d.p.)

8cm

1.

a) p5135 q5135 r545

b) a5120 b560 c560 d560

2.

a) m550 n590 p540 q5140

b) w555 x570 y555 z555
c)a570 b5110 c5110 d570
e530

3. 162
4. 1260

Exercise 24.7 page 256

5. 360

1.

a) x554

6. 72

2.

125, 145

b) 54, 108, 162, 54, 162

3. 64
4.
58

a5135, b5125, c5130, d5110, e585

7. a) 90

b) 6.5cm
8. 58

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

Solutions
9. 30

10. 25
11. 152

Student assessment 2 page 261

1.

a) p5130 q5130 r550

b) a550 b550 c550 d550

2.

a) m550
b) w585
c) a5130
d)a540
e570

n570 p570
x550 y550
b525 c525
b5100 c540

q550
z545
d550
d570

3. 165

2. 36
3. /ABC550 /OAB525 /CAO540
4. /BCD5405/BAD
/ABC5655/ADC
5. 28 and 56 respectively
6. 67.5

25

4. 1800
5. 30

c)iii) /TPS5/TQS5/TRS
/PTR5/PSR/PTQ5/PSQ
/QTR5/QSR
d)ii) /OAX,/OCY
iii) /DCB5/BAD/CDA5/CBA

Loci

Exercise 25.1 page 266

6. a) 90
b) 13cm

1.

8m

1m

7. 28
8. 125
10. 42

1m

1m

9. 45
11. 38

Student assessment 3 page 262

1.

2. a)42

1m

8m

2.

a)ii) /OBA/OBC
b)i) /DAB1/DCB/ADC1/CBA
c)iii) /DAC5/DBC/ADB5/ACB
d)ii) /CABiii) /ACB5/ABC

6m

2m
6m

b) 21

3. /DAB5117 /ABC592
4. /BDC525 /DAB5115
5. /OQR515 /ORQ5/OPQ590
/RPQ5/PRQ575
/OPR5/ORP515 /ROP5150

8m

3.

6. 35, 54, 91 respectively

3m

7. 95, 85, 85, 92 respectively

6m

Student assessment 4 page 264

1.

a)i) /DAB1/DCB/CDA1/CBA
b)i) /AOC1/CBA/OCB1/OAB
ii) /OAB,/OCB
iii)/ABO5/CBO/AOB5/COB

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

59

Solutions
8m

4.

8. C is on the
circumference of
a circle with AB
as its diameter.
6m

3m

5. a)b)c)d)

9. Students own construction

10.

L1

L2

6.

L3

Y
SHIP IN
THIS AREA

Sea

Exercise 25.2 page 267

1.

a)

Ayshe

Ayshe

X
Land

7. a)Students own diagrams. L, M and N will
all lie on the circumference of a circle,
the centre of the circle being the point
equidistant from L, M and N.

b)There would be no point equidistant from
all three (except in the infinite!).

60

b)
Ayshe

Ayshe

Q
Belinda

Q
Belinda

Belinda

Belinda

c)

d) 

Ayshe

Ayshe

Ayshe

Ayshe

Q
Belinda

Q
Belinda

Belinda

Belinda

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

Solutions
2.

4.
Compound

5.

Building

45

3.

Student assessment 1 page 269

1.

Building

Exercise 25.3 page 268

S

1.
O

2.

a) b) 
1m

2.

1m

1m
2m

1m

3.

3.

8m
5m

2m

4.

Ships path is perpendicular bisector of AB.

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

61

Solutions
5.

20 m

2.
Scale 1 cm = 2 m

12 m

7m

5m

3.

6.

4.
O

Student assessment 2 page 270

1.

5.

Topic 3 Mathematical
investigations and ICT
Fountain borders page 271

1. Students results

None of the friends can see each other, as

shown above.

62

2. T = 2(m + n + 2)
3. There are many ways to prove the algebraic
rule, for example:

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

Solutions

ICT activity 1 page 272

The original pool considered:

2. The ratios are the same.

3. a)The ratios remain the same.

b)Ratios are still equal to each other (but
probably of a different value from Q.1
(d)).
4. The ratios change as ED no longer parallel to
AB.

ICT activity 2 page 273

has the same number of tiles as a rectangular
pool of dimensions 11 6 units:

Students own demonstrations

26

Measures

Exercise 26.1 page 276

In the diagram below it can be seen that the

number of tiles along the length and width of
the pool is twice the length and width. This
leaves the four tiles needed for the corners.

6 units

1.

a)100
b)1000 c)Qq p p p
e)Millilitre

2.

a) m,cm
e) cm,m
i)tonne

Hence T = 2m + 2n + 4 which factorises

to T = 2(m + n + 2).

Tiled walls page 272

1. Students diagrams
2. Students ordered table of results
3. c = (l 1)(w 1)
4. t = 2(l 1) + 2(w 1)

b)cm c)g
d)ml
f)tonne g)litres h)km
j)litres

Exercise 26.2 page 277

1.

a)mm

b)m

2.

a)85

b)230 c)830 d)50 e)4

3.

a)5.6
e)0.012

b)6400 c)0.96 d)4

4.

a)1.15
e)0.008

b)250 c )0.5 d)0.07

c)mm d)m

e)m

Exercise 26.3 page 278

1.

11 units

d)Qq p p p

a)3800
e)500

b)28.5 c)4280 d)0.32

Exercise 26.4 page 278

1.

a) 4500ml
d) 1000ml

b) 1530ml

2.

a) 1.2litres b) 1.34litres
d) 1.4litres

c) 7050ml
c) 1.4litres

Exercise 26.5 page 279

1. a) 100000cm2

c) 5000000m2

e) 830mm2

b) 2000000mm2
d) 3200000m2

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

63

Solutions
2. a) 0.05m2

c) 0.001km2

e) 0.00025km2

Exercise 27.3 page 285

b) 150cm2
d) 0.04m2

1. 4

3. a) 2500000cm

c) 2000000000 m3

e) 30000000mm3

b) 3400mm
d) 200000cm3

4. a) 0.15m

c) 0.00085km3
e) 0.000015m3

b) 24cm
d) 0.3cm3

2. 3
3.

23.5m2

4.

a) 16m2, 24m2

b) 100m2

c) 15

Exercise 27.4 page 287

1.

a) 25.1cm
d) 1.57m

b) 22.0cm

c) 28.9cm

2.

a) 50.3cm2
d) 0.196m2

b) 38.5cm2

c) 66.5cm2

3.

a) 2.39cm (3s.f.)
c) 0.637m (3s.f.)

b) 0.5cm
d) 1.27mm (3s.f.)

4. a) 5600mm2
b) 2050000cm3

4.

a) 4.51cm (3s.f.)
c) 3.23m (3s.f.)

b) 6cm
d) 4.31mm (3s.f.)

5. a) 0.00867m3
b) 0.444km3

Exercise 27.5 page 287

Student assessment 1 page 280

1.

a)26

b)88

c)6.8 d)875

2.

a)4200

b)3.94 c)4100 d)720

3.

a)1.8

b)3200 c)83

d)250

1. a) 1.57m (2d.p.)

Student assessment 2 page 280

2.

188m (3s.f.)

1.

a)310

264mm2 (3s.f.)

2.
3.

a) 144cm2
c) 30.9cm2 (3s.f.)

c)4

d)46

3.

a)0.0036 b)0.55

c)6.5

d)1.51

4.

a)3.4

c)730

b)6400
b)6700

d)300

4. a) 30000mm

b) 5000m

5. a) 0.1004m3

b) 0.000005005km3

5. a) 57.1m (3s.f.)

1.

a) 460cm2
d) 33.52cm2

2.

a) 2cm

3.

Exercise 27.1 page 282

a) 101cm (3s.f.)
c) 279cm2 (3s.f.)

4.

a) 1.2cm
d) 7.0cm

b) 32.5cm2
e) 108cm2

2. a) 64cm2
b) 1168mm2
2
d) 937.5mm

Exercise 27.2 page 284

1.

58.5cm2

2. 84cm2

c) 20cm2
f) 55cm2
c) 300cm2

b) 178.3m2 (3s.f.)

b) 208cm2

Perimeter, area
and volume
a) 6cm2
d) 60cm2

b) 28.3cm2 (3s.f.)

Exercise 27.6 page 289

27

1.

b) 637 times (3s.f.)

b) 4cm
2

c) 6cm

d) 5cm

b) 276 cm (3s.f.)
d) 25.6cm2 (3s.f.)
2

b) 0.5cm

c) 1.7cm

Exercise 27.7 page 289

b) 2cm

1.

a) 24cm2

2.

a) 216cm

3.

a) 94.2cm (3s.f.) b) 14cm

b) 15.2cm (3s.f.)

4. 4.4cm

3. 118.7cm2

Exercise 27.8 page 290

4. 157.5cm2

1.

64

c) 147.78cm2

a) 24cm3
d) 8.82cm3

b) 18cm3

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

c) 27.6cm3

Solutions
2. a) 452cm3 (3s.f.)
c) 196cm3 (3s.f.)
3.

a) 108cm3
d) 6.2cm3

4. a) 70cm3
d) 137.5cm3

b) 277cm3 (3s.f.)
d) 0.481cm3 (3s.f.)

b) 140cm3

c) 42cm3

b) 96cm3

c) 380cm3

Exercise 27.9 page 291

1.

a) 16cm
b) 4096cm3
d) 21.5% (3s.f.)

2.

a) 42cm

c) 3217cm3

4. 2.90m (3s.f.)
3

b) 2.09cm

1.

a) 6.28cm
d) 23.6cm

2.

a) 32.7 (1d.p.)
c) 57.3 (1d.p.)

b) 229.2 (1d.p.)
d) 114.6 (1d.p.)

a) 12.2cm (3s.f.)
c) 18.6cm (3s.f.)

b) 4.58cm (3s.f.)
d) 4.01cm (3s.f.)

c) 11.5cm

a) 48.8cm (3s.f.)

b) 105cm (3s.f.)

2.

a) 3.67cm (3s.f.)
c) 68.8 (1d.p.)

b) 49.7cm (3s.f.)
c) 47.7 (1d.p.)

Exercise 27.12 page 294

1.

a) 33.5cm2 (3s.f.) b) 205cm2 (3s.f.)

c) 5.65cm2 (3s.f.) d) 44.7cm2 (3s.f.)

2.

a) 18.5cm (3s.f.)
c) 1.75cm (3s.f.)

3.

a) 48
c) 20

b)
d)

1. 6.3cm
2. 86.7cm3 (3s.f.)
3.

11.9cm (1d.p.)

4.

a) 4190cm3 (3s.f.) b) 8000cm3 c) 48%

5.

10.0cm

7.

1.

b) 54cm

b) 5.6cm
d) 0.6cm

54.1cm, B53.6cm, C53.1cm

6. A

Exercise 27.11 page 293

a) 12cm

a) 3.1cm
c) 36.3cm

b) 3590cm3 (3s.f.)
d) 1.44cm3 (3s.f.)

Exercise 27.15 page 297

Exercise 27.10 page 293

3.

Exercise 27.14 page 296

2.

3. 6.3cm

3.

5. a) 20
b) 0.64cm (2s.f.)
c) Length513.7cm (3 s.f.)
Width
511.3cm (3s.f.)
d) 5.43cm2 (3s.f.)

1. a) 905cm3 (3s.f.)
c) 2310cm3 (3s.f.)

b) 840cm

c) 34.9cm2 (3s.f.)
d) Length517.1cm (3 s.f.)
Width
510.6cm (3s.f.)
e) 41.7cm2 (3s.f.)

b) 20.0cm (3s.f.)
d) 12.4cm (3s.f.)
34
127

3:2

Exercise 27.16 page 297

1. a) 452cm2 (3s.f.)
c) 1890cm2 (3s.f.)

b) 254cm2 (3s.f.)
d) 4cm2

2.

a) 1.99cm (3s.f.)
c) 3.09mm (3s.f.)

b) 1.15cm (3s.f.)
d) 0.5cm

3.

1:4

4.

a) 157cm2 (3s.f.)
c) 707cm2 (3s.f.)

5. a) 804.2cm2

b) 15cm
b) 5.9cm (1d.p.)

Exercise 27.17 page 299

Exercise 27.13 page 295

1. 40cm3

1.

79.2m2 (3s.f.)

2.

2.

a) 118cm2 (3s.f.)
c) 8.66cm (3s.f.)

b) 39.3cm2 (3s.f.)

3.

a) 4.19cm (3s.f.)
c) 62.8cm3 (3s.f.)

b) 114cm2 (3s.f.)

4.

a) 9.40cm (3s.f.)

b) 0.60cm (2s.f.)

133cm3 (3s.f.)

3. 64cm3
4.

70cm3

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

65

Solutions

Exercise 27.18 page 299

Exercise 27.23 page 305

1.

7cm

1. a) 415cm2 (3s.f.)

2.

5cm

2.

3.

a) 8cm

c) 378cm3

b) 384cm3

b) 1650cm2 (3s.f.)

1130cm2 (3s.f.)

Student assessment 1 page 306

4. a) 3.6cm b) 21.7cm (3s.f.)

c) 88.7cm3 (3s.f.)

1.

90cm2

Exercise 27.19 page 300

2.

1.

a)Circumference534.6cm
Area
595.0cm2
b)Circumference550.3mm
Area
5201mm2

6.93cm2 (3s.f.)

2. 189cm2 (3s.f.)
73.3cm2 (3s.f.)

3.

9.86cm2

4. 1120cm2 (3s.f.)

4.

a) 39.3cm2

b) 34cm2

5.

a) 10.2cm2

b) 283cm2

6.

a) 339mm

b) 9.82cm

3.
5.

a) 693cm2 (3s.f.)
c) 23.6cm (3s.f.)

b) 137cm2 (3s.f.)

Exercise 27.20 page 303

a) 56.5cm3 (3s.f.) b) 264cm3 (3s.f.)
c) 1.34cm3 (3s.f.) d) 166cm3 (3s.f.)

2.

a) 6.91cm (3s.f.) b) 10.9cm (3s.f.)

c) 0.818cm (3s.f.) d) 51.3cm (3s.f.)
ii) 12.7cm
ii) 8.41cm
ii) 3.97cm
ii) 4.63cm

c) 633cm2

Student assessment 2 page 307

1.

3. a) i) 7.96cm

b) i) 15.9cm

c) i) 6.37cm

d) i) 3.82cm

c) 101.3cm2

iii) 843cm3
iii) 2230cm3
iii) 168cm3
iii) 70.7cm3

1. 104cm2
2. a) Circumference527.0cm

Area558.1cm2

b) Circumference547.1mm

Area5177mm2
3.

326cm2

4.

a) 56.5cm2

5.

418cm

Exercise 27.21 page 303

6.

a) 1012cm2

1.

3.88cm (3s.f.)

Student assessment 3 page 308

2.

a) 33.0cm (3s.f.)
c) 7.31cm (3s.f.)

3.

a) 2304cm3
b) 603cm3 (3s.f.)
3
c) 1700cm (3s.f.)

4.

a) 81.6cm (3s.f.) b) 275cm (3s.f.)

c) 8:27

b) 5.25cm (3s.f.)
d) 211cm3 (3s.f.)

Exercise 27.22 page 304

1.

2. 771cm3 (3s.f.)
3170cm3 (3s.f.)

4.

a) 654cm3

66

b) 12.5cm

c) 254.5cm2

b) 523cm2

1.

a) 11.8cm (3s.f.)

b) 35.3cm (3s.f.)

2.

a) 272.2 (1d.p.)

b) 5.7 (1d.p.)

3. 232cm (3s.f.)
2

4. a) 531cm2
5.

b) 1150cm3

a) 1210cm2 (3s.f.) b) 2592cm3

Student assessment 4 page 309

81.8cm3 (3s.f.)

3.

b) 108cm2

1.

a) 178cm (3s.f.)

b) 68.3mm (3s.f.)

2.

a) 143.2 (1d.p.)

b) 2.9 (1d.p.)

3. 95.5cm (3s.f.)
2

c) 2950cm3

4.

a) 603.2cm2

b) 1072.3cm3

5.

a) 22.5cm

b) 126cm3

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

c) 3270cm3

Solutions

Student assessment 5 page 309

1.

a) 22.9cm (3s.f.)
c) 985cm2 (3s.f.)

b) 229cm (3s.f.)
d) 1830cm3 (3s.f.)

2.

a) 905cm3 (3s.f.)
c) 13.4cm (3s.f.)

b) 12cm
d) 958.2cm2
b) 82.1cm3 (3s.f.)
d) 30.8cm3 (3s.f.)

3. a) 10cm
c) 71.8cm3 (3s.f.)
e) 41.1cm3 (3s.f.)

Student assessment 6 page 310

Square
length (cm)

Tray dimensions (cm)

Volume

Length

Width

Height

38

28

1064

36

26

1872

34

24

2448

32

22

2816

30

20

3000

28

18

3024

1.

a) 3620cm3 (3s.f.)
c) 905cm2 (3s.f.)

b) 3620cm3 (3s.f.)
d) 1920cm2 (3s.f.)

26

16

2912

24

14

2688

2.

a) 43.3cm (3s.f.)

b) 173cm (3s.f.)

22

12

2376

3.

a) 314cm (3s.f.)

b) 26.9cm

10

20

10

10

2000

11

18

11

1584

12

16

12

1152

13

14

13

728

14

12

14

336

15

10

15

Topic 4 Mathematical
investigations and ICT
Metal trays page 311
1. a) length = 38cm

width = 28cm

height = 1cm
b)
1064cm3

4. x = 5.7cm
5. Maximum volume = 3032cm3

Tennis balls page 312

2. a) length = 36cm
width = 26cm
height = 2cm
b)
1872cm3
3. Students investigation and ordered table of
results similar to this one.

1. Cuboids of the following dimensions should

be considered. Note each unit represents the
diameter of one tennis ball and only different
combinations are considered.

1 1 12 1 2 6 1 3 4 2 2 3

Width
|(cm)

Height
(cm)

Surface
area (cm2)

2. Total surface area of a cuboid is given by the

formula: A = 2(lw + lh + wh)

Total surface area of the four options are as
shown (to nearest whole number):
Length
(cm)

Dimensions
(units)

1 1 12

6.6

6.6

79.2

2178

126

6.6

13.2

39.6

1742

134

6.6

19.8

26.4

1655

223

13.2

13.2

19.8

1394

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

67

Solutions

The optimum dimensions of the box are

13.2cm 13.2cm 19.8cm.

3. Cross-sections of possible designs are shown

below:

Exercise 28.3 page 322

1.

a) y5x11 b) y5x13c) y5x22

d) y52x12 e) y5 Qw x15 f) y5 Qw x21

2.

a) y52x14
c) y522x22
e) y52 Ew x12

b) y52x22
d) y52Qw x13
f) y524x11

3.

4. Students investigations
5. Students conclusion based on their
calculations

a) 1) a)1
b) 1
c) 1
d)2
e) Qw
f) Qw
2) a) 21
b) 21
c) 22
d) 2 Qw
e) 2 Ew
f) 24

b)The gradient is equal to the coefficient of x.

c)The constant being added/subtracted
indicates where the line intersects the
y-axis.

ICT activity page 312

4.

Only the intercept c is different.

1. Possible formulae are given:

In cell B2: =A2/360*2*PI()*10

C2: =B2

D2: =C2/(2*PI())

E2: =SQRT((100-D2^2))

F2: =1/3*PI()*D2^2*E2

5.

The lines are parallel.

28

Straight-line
graphs

Exercise 28.4 page 325

1.

a) m52 c51
c) m51 c522
e) m523c56
g) m521c50
i) m522c52

b)
d)
f)
h)

m53 c55
m5 Qwc54
m52 Wec51
m521c522

2.

a) m53 c51
c) m522c523
e) m5 Qrc56
g) m51 c522
i) m53 c51

b)
d)
f)
h)

m52 Qwc52
m522c524
m53 c52
m528c56

3.

a) m52 c523
c) m52 c524
e) m52 c50
g) m52 c51
i) m52 c52 Qw

b)
d)
f)
h)

m5 Qwc54
m528c512
m523c53
m52 Qwc52

4.

a) m52 c524
c) m523c521
e) m510 c522
g) m529c52
i) m52 c52 Ew

b)
d)
f)
h)

m51 c56
m521c54
m523c5Ew
m56 c5214

5.

a) m52 c522
c) m51 c50
e) m521c5We
g) m53 c5212
i) m523c50

b)
d)
f)
h)

m52 c53
m5Ewc56
m524c52
m50 c50

6.

a) m51 c50
c) m523c50
e) m522c52 We

b) m52 Qwc522
d) m51 c50
f) m5Wec524

7.

a) m52 Wtc50
c) m53 c50

b) m5 Qec52 Ty
d) m521c524

Exercise 28.1 page 319

1. a)1
d) 14

b) 23

e)0

c)2
f)infinite

2. A horizontal line has a zero gradient.

3. A vertical line has an infinite gradient.
4. Gradient of A = 2

Gradient of B = 0

Gradient of C = 3
Gradient of D = 12

Gradient of E =

1
2

Gradient of F is infinite.

Exercise 28.2 page 321

1.

68

a) y57
d) x53
g) y52x

b) y52
e) y5x
h) y522x

c) x57
f) y5 Qw x

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

Solutions

Exercise 28.5 page 327

1.

Any line with a gradient of 1

2.

a, b and d are parallel

3.

y = 4x

4. a)
y = 3x + 4 b)
y = 3x 2
c)
y = 3x 27
5. a)
y = 12 x + 3 b)
y = 12 x 14

Exercise 28.6 page 328

1.

a)

c) y

y
8

4 3 2 1 0
1

d)

b)

y
8

4 3 2 1 0
1

3 x

3 x

3 x

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematical 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton 2013

69

3 x

4 3 2 1 0
1

2

2

2

3

3

3

4

4

4

5

5

5

e)

y
8

f)

y
8

y
8

4 3 2 1 0
1

4 3 2 1 0
1

3 x

3 x

4 3 2 1 0
1

2

2

2

3

3

3

4

4

5

5

4

5

Solutions
g)

y
8

h)

y
8

i)

4 3 2 1 0
1

3 x

4 3 2 1 0
1

3 x

4 3 2 1 0
1

2

2

2

3

3

3

4

4

4

5

5

5

y
8

y
y
2. a) b)
c)

4 3 2 1 0
1

3 x

4 3 2 1 0
1

3 x

4 3 2 1 0
1

2

2

2

3

3

3

4

4

4

5

5

5

d)

y
8

e)

y
8

f)

3 x

4 3 2 1 0
1

3 x

4 3 2 1 0
1

2

2

2

3

3

3

4

4

4

5

5

5

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

3 x

3 x

3 x

y
8

4 3 2 1 0
1

70

y
8

Solutions
y
8

g)

y
8

h)

i)

y
8

4 3 2 1 0
1

3 x

3 x

3 x

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

71

3 x

4 3 2 1 0
1

3 x

4 3 2 1 0
1

2

2

2

3

3

3

4
4
4
5

3.

5

5

y
y
a) b)
8
8

c)

4 3 2 1 0
1

3 x

4 3 2 1 0
1

3 x

4 3 2 1 0
1

2

2

2

3

3

3

4

4

4

5
5

d)

y
8

e)

y
8

f)

y
8

5
y
8

4 3 2 1 0
1

3 x

4 3 2 1 0
1

3 x

4 3 2 1 0
1

2

2

2

3

3

3

4

4

4

5

5

5

Solutions
g)

y
8

h)

3 x

4 3 2 1 0
1

4 3 2 1 0
1

3 x

2

2

2

3

3

3

4

4

4

5

5

5

Exercise 28.7 page 330

a) (3, 2)
d) (2, 1)

2.

a) (3, 22)
b) (21, 21) c) (22, 3)
d) (23, 23) e) Infinite solutions
f ) No solution

b) (5, 2)
e) (24, 1)

c) (2, 1)
f) (4, 22)

Exercise 28.8 page 331

1. a) ii) 5.66 units (3 s.f.) iii) (3, 4)

b) ii) 4.24 units (3 s.f.) iii) (4.5, 2.5)

c) ii) 5.66 units (3 s.f.) iii) (3, 6)

d) ii) 8.94 units (3 s.f.) iii) (2, 4)

e) ii) 6.32 units (3 s.f.) iii) (3, 4)

f) ii) 6.71 units (3 s.f.) iii) (1.5, 4)

g) ii) 8.25 units (3 s.f.) iii) (2, 1)
h) ii) 8.94 units (3 s.f.) iii) (0, 0)

i) ii) 7 units
iii) (0.5, 5)

j) ii) 6 units
iii) (2, 3)

k) ii) 8.25 units (3 s.f.) iii) (0, 4)

l) ii) 10.8 units (3 s.f.) iii) (0, 1.5)
a) i) 4.24 units (3 s.f.)
b) i) 5.66 units (3 s.f.)
c) i) 8.94 units (3 s.f.)
d) i) 8.94 units (3 s.f.)
e) i) 4.24 units (3 s.f.)
f) i) 4.47 units (3 s.f.)
g) i) 7.21 units (3 s.f.)
h) i) 7.21 units (3 s.f.)
i) i) 12.4 units (3 s.f.)
j) i) 8.49 units (3 s.f.)
k) i) 11 units
l) i) 8.25 units (3 s.f.)

3 x

Exercise 28.9 page 333

1.

72

y
8

i)

4 3 2 1 0
1

2.

y
8

ii) (2.5, 2.5)

ii) (5, 4)
ii) (4, 2)
ii) (5, 0)
ii) (1.5, 4.5)
ii) (4, 3)
ii) (0, 3)
ii) (5, 1)
ii) (0, 2.5)
ii) (1, 1)
ii) (0.5, 3)
ii) (4, 2)

1.

a) y52x21
c) y52x13
e) y54x12
g) y522x12
i) y5Qw x

b)
d)
f)
h)

y53x11
y5x24
y52x14
y523x21

2.

a) y5 Qu x1SuH
c) y5 Ew x1AwG
e) y52 Qw x1Tw
g) y52
i) x56

b)
d)
f)
h)

y5 Yu x1Ru
y59x213
y52 q E e x1U q P e
y523x

Exercise 28.10 page 335

1. a)i)1

ii)1

iii) y = x 3

b)i)1

ii)1

iii)y = x 5

c)i)2

y = 2x 5
ii) 2 iii)

d)i) 2

ii)2

iii)y = 2x 20

e)i)1

ii)1

iii)y = x + 9

1
1
3
y = 2x + 2

f)i)2
ii) 2 iii)
3
2
2
4
iii)
y = 3x 3
g)
i) 2 ii)
3
2
3
3
ii) 2 iii)
y = 2 x + 13

h)i) 3
1
ii)4
iii)y = 4x + 28

i)i) 4

j)i)1

ii)1

k)i)0

ii)Infinite iii)x = 6

l) i) 4

y = 4x
ii) 4 iii)

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

iii)y = x 8
1

13
4

Solutions

c)3

d) y = 3x + 15

2. a) 3 b) y = 3 x + 3

6.

a)

8
7

e) y = 3x + 35 f) (8, 11)
1

g) (2, 9) h) y = 3 x +
i) 6.3 units
3. a) y =

2
x
5

25
3

j) (6, 7)

4
3

8
5

b) y = 2 x

9
2

c) 15.2 units

5 4 3 2 1 0
1

d) Midpoint AB = (4, 0)
Midpoint AC = (3, 3)
Midpoint BC = (2, 5)

b)3

2 a) y = 2x + 4

b) y = 25 x + 4

3. a) m = 3 c = 4

b) m = 3 c = 6

4. y =
5.

23 x

4 x

4 x

9
8
7

3
2

6
5
4
y
9

3
2

y 2x

7
6

5 4 3 2 1 0
1

2

3

3
x
y 2

4


Solution is (2, 2)

b) 
y

+ 6

a) b) c) d)

3

1 a)1

c) m = 12 c =

2

Student assessment 1 page 337

y
9

4

y3

5 4 3 2 1 0
1

Solution is (1, 1)

4 x

2
x 2

3
4

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

73

Solutions
c) 

y
9

Student assessment 2 page 339

8
7

1 a)2

b) 1

2 a) y 5 2x 3

5
4

b) y 5 23 x 25

3. a) m 5

b) m 5 4

1
5 4 3 2 1 0
1

c) m 5
1

4 x

1
2

23

c50
c56
c5

4. y 5 5x
5. a) b) c) d)

2

y
8

3

5
2

4

3x

Solution is (2, 4)

d) 

6
5

y
9

8
7

y x
4

3
2

6
5
4
3

1
5 4 3 2 1 0
1

4 x

O
4 3 2 1
1

1
3
y
8
7
6

b) i) 10 units

8. a) y53x4

5
4

ii)(0, 1.5)

ii) (4, 6)

b) y52x7
31
b)
7

y 5 27 x 12

10. a) i) (5, 6)

2

ii)
y 5 3x 9

3

iii)
y 5 13 x 6

Solution is (3, 3)

b) The diagonals are perpendicular as the

product of their gradients is 1.

74

2

7. a)i)13 units

9. a)y 5 27 x

a)

3
4


Solution is (2, 0)

6.

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

3 x

Solutions

b) 

y
8

7. a)i)5 units

b) i) 26 units

ii)(0, 4.5)
ii) (5, 2)

8. a) y52x25

b) y524x13

9. a)y =

2
1

3 x

3

Solution is (2, 3)

c)

y = 27 x 19
7

21

4

c)Substitute y = 10 12 into the equation

d) 7.5 units

21
4

and rearrange to find x = 7.

Topic 5 Mathematical
investigations and ICT
Plane trails page 341

2

b) y = 43 x +

y = 43 x +

1
4 3 2 1
1

55
b)
7

10. a) (1, 6)

27 x

1. Students investigation

y
8

2. Students ordered table similar to the one

shown

7
6

Number of planes
(p)

Maximum number of
crossing points (n)

5
4
3

O
4 3 2 1
1

3 x

2

10

3

3. The sequence of the number of crossing points

is the sequence of triangular numbers.

Solution is (3, 1)


d) 
y

n = 12 p(p 1)

7
6
5
4
3
2
1
O
4 3 2 1
1

3 x

2
3

Solution is (1, 1)
Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

75

Solutions

Hidden treasure page 342

29

12. The results for up to 20 contestants are given

in the table below:

Exercise 29.1 page 347

1.

Students own diagrams

2.

Students own diagrams leading to:

a)343

3.

Students own diagrams leading to:

a)120

Number of
contestants (n)

Winning chest (x)

1
2

b)034
b)102

Student assessment 1 page 348

1.

Students own diagram

2.

Students own diagram

3.

Students own diagram

10

11

12

13

10

14

12

15

14

16

16

17

Exercise 30.2 page 352

18

1.

19

a) 2.44cm
d) 2.44cm

b) 18.5cm
e) 43.8cm

c) 6.19cm
f) 31.8cm

20

2.

a) 38.7
d) 49.8

b) 48.6
e) 32.6

c) 38.1
f) 14.5

3. Students observed pattern: key pattern is that

x = n when n is a power of 2.
4. 31 contestants, winning chest is 30.

32 contestants, winning chest is 32.

33 contestants, winning chest is 2.
5. x = 2(n T), where x = the winning chest,
n = number of contestants and T = the nearest
power of 2 below n.

ICT activity page 343

30

Trigonometry

Exercise 30.1 page 350

1.

a) 1.82cm
d) 4.87cm

b) 4.04cm
e) 37.3cm

c) 19.2cm
f) 13.9cm

2.

a) 14.3cm
d) 4.10cm

b) 8.96cm
e) 13.9cm

c) 9.33cm
f) 6.21cm

3.

a) 49.4
d) 63.4

b) 51.1
e) 50.4

c) 51.3
f) 71.6

Exercise 30.3 page 353

1.

a) 36.0cm
d) 81.1
g) 70.5

b) 15.1cm
e) 6.7cm
h) 2.1cm

c) 48.2
f) 16.8 cm

Exercise 30.4 page 354

1.

a) 5cm
c) 12cm

2.

a) 11.0cm (3s.f.)
c) 7.86cm (3s.f.)
e) 3 cm

3.

71.6km

Students own investigation

76

Bearings

b) 11.4mm (3s.f.)
d) 13.2cm (3s.f.)
b) 14.8cm (3s.f.)
d) 7.35cm (3s.f.)
f) 13.9cm (3s.f.)

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

Solutions
4. 66.9km

4.

5. a) 2252135590

b) 73.8km

a) 70, 110
d) 34, 146

b) 9, 171
e) 16, 164

c) 53, 127
f) 19, 161

Exercise 30.8 page 361

6. 57009m
7. a) 8.5km

b) 15.5km (3s.f.)

8. a) 13.3m (3s.f.)

b) 15.0m (3s.f.)

1. a) cos 160
d) cos 85

b) cos 95
e) cos 33

c) cos 148
f) cos 74

Exercise 30.5 page 356

2. a) cos 82

d) cos 37

b) cos 36
e) cos 9

c) cos 20
f) cos 57

1.

a) 43.6
c) 16.7cm

3.

a) cos 80
d) cos 135

b) cos 90
e) cos 58

c) cos 70
f) cos 155

2.

a) 20.8km (3s.f.)

b) 215.2 (1d.p.)

4.

3.

a) 228km (3s.f.)
c) 103km (3s.f.)
e) 415 km (3s.f.)

b) 102km (3s.f.)
d) 147km (3s.f.)
f) 217 (3 s.f.)

a) 2cos 55
d) cos 82

b) 2cos 73
e) cos 88

c) cos 60
f) cos 70

Student assessment 1 page 362

4.

a) 6.71m (3s.f.)
c) 15.3m (3s.f.)

b) 19.6m (3s.f.)

5.

a) 48.2 (3s.f.)
c) 8cm
e) 76.0cm2 (3s.f.)

b) 41.8 (3s.f.)
d) 8.94cm (3s.f.)

b) 19.5cm
d) 42.5

Exercise 30.6 page 357

1. a) 12.2km (3s.f.)

b) 9.5 (1d.p.)

2. a) 10.1km (3s.f.)

b) 1.23km (3s.f.)

3. a) 22.6 (1d.p.)

b) 130m

4. a) 0.342km (3s.f.)

b) 0.940km (3s.f.)

5. a) 64.0m (3s.f.)

b) 30.2m (3s.f.)

6. 6.93km (3s.f.)

1.

a) 4cm
d) 3.91cm

b) 43.9cm

c) 20.8cm

2.

a) 36.9
d) 33.8

b) 56.3

c) 31.0

3.

a) 5cm
d) 28.5cm

b) 6.63cm

c) 9.29cm

Student assessment 2 page 363

1.
2.

a) 160.8km

b) 177.5km

5
a) tan u5}}
x
5
7.5
c) }}5
x (x 16)

7.5
b) tan u5
(x 16)

e) 8.9 (1d.p.)

3.

a) 285m (3s.f.)
c) 297 (3s.f.)

d) 32m

b) 117 (3s.f.)

7. a) 7.46km (3s.f.)

b) 3.18km (3s.f.)

8. a) 2.9km (1d.p.)
c) 11.4 (1d.p.)

b) 6.9km (1d.p.)
d) 20.4km (1d.p.)

9. a) 2.68km (3s.f.)
b) 3.5 (1d.p.)

b) 1.02km (3s.f.)
d) 16.83km (2d.p.)

Student assessment 3 page 364

10. a) 225m

b) 48.4 (1d.p.)

1.

a) 4003m

2.

Students graph

3.

a) sin 130
d) cos 60

4.

a) 38

b) 106

5.

a) 24.6 (1d.p.)
c) 5.94km (3s.f.)

b) 32.6 (1d.p.)
d) 1641

Exercise 30.7 page 360

1.

a) sin 120
d) sin 40

b) sin 100
e) sin 52

c) sin 65
f) sin 13

2.

a) sin 145
d) sin 132

b) sin 130
e) sin 76

c) sin 150
f) sin 53

3.

a) 19, 161
d) 72, 108

b) 82, 98
e) 13, 167

c) 5, 175
f) 28, 152

4. a) 1.96km (3s.f.)
c) 3.57km (3s.f.)

b) 3.42km (3s.f.)

b) 2.35 (3s.f.)
b) sin 30

c) cos 135

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

77

Solutions

Student assessment 4 page 364

Exercise 31.2 page 368

1.

Students graph

1.

a) 2cos 52

b) 12.1cm
e) 10.7cm

c) 9.15cm

2.

a) 4.71m
d) 3.06cm

2.

a)125.1
d)37.0

b)108.2
e)122.9

c)33.6

b) cos 100

3. a) 678m (3s.f.)
c) 718m (3s.f.)
4. a) 21.8 (1d.p.)
c) 2.2km
e) 15.3 (1d.p.)
5.

b) 11.6 (1d.p.)

Exercise 31.3 page 369

b) 8.5 (1d.p.)
d) 10.5 (1d.p.)
f) 1.76km (3s.f.)

a) 42.9m (3s.f.)
c) 24.6 (1d.p.)
e) 35.0m (3s.f.)

2.

370m

3.

73.9m (3s.f.)

a) 
1

90

180

b) u545

31

Further
trigonometry

1.

a) 70.0cm2
d) 17.0cm2

b) 70.9mm2

c) 122cm2

2.

a) 24.6
d) 63.2

b) 13.0cm

c) 23.1cm

3.

16800m2

4.

a) 3.90m2 (3s.f.)

b) 222m3 (3s.f.)

Exercise 31.5 page 372

Exercise 31.1 page 367

1.

a) 8.91cm
d) 8.64cm

b) 8.93cm

c) 5.96mm

2.

a)33.2
d) 44.0

b) 52.7

c) 77.0

3.

a) 25, 155 (nearest degree)

b) 
A
10 cm

8 cm

8 cm
20
B

b) 116.9 (1d.p.)
d) 33.4 (1d.p.)

Exercise 31.4 page 370

1

4.

1.

a)75, 105 (nearest degree)

b)
P

1.

a) 5.66cm (3s.f.)
c) 54.7 (1d.p.)

b) 6.93cm (3s.f.)

2.

a) 5.83cm (3s.f.)
c) 18.9 (1d.p.)

b) 6.16cm (3s.f.)

3.

a) 6.40cm (3s.f.)
c) 61.9 (1d.p.)

b) 13.6cm (3s.f.)

4.

a) 75.3 (1d.p.)

b) 56.3 (1d.p.)

5.

a) i) 7.21cm (3s.f.) ii) 21.1 (1d.p.)

b) i) 33.7 (1d.p.)

6.

a) i) 8.54cm (3s.f.) ii) 28.3 (1d.p.)

b) i) 20.6 (1d.p.)

ii) 61.7 (1d.p.)

7.

a) 6.5cm
c) 70.7cm (1d.p.)

b) 11.3cm (3s.f.)

8. a) 11.7cm

ii) 68.9 (1d.p.)

b) 7.55cm (3s.f.)

9. a) TU5TQ510cm
QU
58.49(3 s.f.)
b) 90, 36.9, 53.1 c) 24cm2

6 cm
4 cm

4 cm

40

78

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

Solutions

Exercise 31.6 page 375

Topic 6 Mathematical
investigations and ICT
Numbered balls page 378

1.

a)RW
d)WU

b)TQ
e)QV

c)SQ
f)SV

2.

a)JM
d)HO

b) KN
e)JO

c)HM
f)MO

3.

a) /TPS
d) /RTV

b) /UPQ
e) /SUR

c) /VSW
f) /VPW

4.

a) 5.83cm (3s.f.)

b) 31.0 (1d.p.)

5.

a) 10.2cm (3s.f.)
c) 51.3 (1d.p.)

b) 29.2 (1d.p.)

6.

a) 6.71cm (3s.f.)

b) 61.4 (1d.p.)

7.

a) 7.81cm (3s.f.)
c) 12.4 (1d.p.)

b) 11.3cm (3s.f.)

8.

a) 14.1cm (3s.f.)
c) 7.48cm (3s.f.)

b) 8.49cm (3s.f.)
d) 69.3 (1d.p.)

2. 15

9.

a) 17.0cm (3s.f.)
c) 7cm

b) 5.66cm (3s.f.)
d) 51.1 (1d.p.)

4. The results up to 8 discs are given below:

2. 65, 66, 33, 34, 17, 18, 9, 10, 5, 6, 3, 4, 2, 1

3. The first ball must be odd. Start at 1 and work
backwards.
4. 513, 514, 257, 258, 129, 130, 65, 66, 33, 34, 17,
18, 9, 10, 5, 6, 3, 4, 2, 1

Towers of Hanoi page 378

1. 3

Student assessment 1 page 377

1.

134 (3s.f.)

2.

a) 11.7cm (3s.f.)
b) 12.3cm (3s.f.)
c) 29.1 (1d.p.)
a) 18.0m (3s.f.)
b) 26.5 (1d.p.)
d) 278m2 (3s.f.)
c) 28.8m (3s.f.)

3.

1. If a ball is odd (n), the next ball is n + 1.

n

If the ball is even (n), the next ball is 2 .

3. Students investigation

Number of discs

Smallest number of
moves

15

31

63

127

255

4. a) 12.7cm (3s.f.) b) 66.6 (1d.p.)

c) 93.5cm2 (3s.f.) d) 14.7cm (1d.p.)

Student assessment 2 page 377

1.

a) 10.8cm (3s.f.)
c) 30.2 (1d.p.)

b) 11.9cm (3s.f.)
d) 41.0 (1d.p.)

2.

a) 9.81cm (3s.f.)
c) 19.6cm (3s.f.)

b) 30

3.

a) 5.83cm (3s.f.) b) 6.71cm (3s.f.)

c) 7.81cm (3s.f.) d) 46.6 (1d.p.)
e) 19.0cm2 (3s.f.) f) 36.7 (1d.p.)

5. The number of moves are 1 less than the

powers of 2.
6. 1023
7. Number of moves = 2n 1, where n = number
of discs.
8. Time taken to move 64 discs is 264 1 seconds

This equates to 5.85 1011 years, i.e.
585 billion years.

Therefore according to the legend we neednt
be too worried!

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

79

Solutions

ICT activity page 379

32

1. b) i) 0.940 (3 d.p.)
ii) 0.819 (3 d.p.)
3
iii) 0.866 (3 d.p.) or

Exercise 32.1 page 383

c)

1.

The graph of y = sin x intersects the line
y = 0.7 in two places as shown.

d) 30 and 150
2. a)

2.

1 242

b) 3

d)

1 2232

e)

g)

1 23
212
12

b) 0

1 2262

e)

12

h)

a)

g) 3

1 22
242

f)

1 2162

h) 25

25

1 2

i)

1 2132

12

c)

1 24
222

1 2622

a) 4

4
d)

b) Two solutions
c) 225

Vectors

12

c)

1 2612

12302

f)

1 2402

i)

1 24
242

3.

3. a)

a
c
b

Solutions are 0, 180 and 360

b)

Exercise 32.2 page 384

Solutions are 38.2 and 141.8 (1 d.p.)

1.

a) b) c) d) e) f )
b

ab

a
a

ad

b
c

da
d

80

ba

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

b
bc

cb
b

Solutions
2. a1b5b1a, a1d5d1a, b1c5c1b

Exercise 32.6 page 388

3. a) b) c) d) e) f) 

1.

a)a
d) 2b
g)a1b

b)a
e) 2b
h)b2a

c)b
f) 22a
i)b22a

2.

a) 2a
d)b2a

b)b
e) 2a

c)b2a
f)a22b

3.

a) 22a
d)b2a
g) 22b

b) 2a
e) 2(b2a)
h)b22a

c)b
f) 2b2a
i) 2a2b

4.

a) 5a
c) Qe (8b215a)
e)b22a
g) It b
i) Qt (8b5a)

12
1 2

4. a) 2


4
d) 1

0

b)

1 2
12

0

26
e) 9


0

a
c

d
c

b
a

c)
f)

Exercise 32.3 page 385

1 2
12
1
21
5
2

d52ce52af52ag5 Qw ch5 Qw b
i52Qw bj5Ew bk52 Ew a

2.

a) 4


6
d) 22


2
g) 210


25

12
1 2
1 2

3. a)2a

d)a2b

1 2
1 2
12

b) 2b
e) 2c

c)
f)
i)

1 2
1 2
1 2
2
24
28
9
10
26

c)b1c
f) 2c2a

1. |a|55.0 units |b|54.1 units |c|54.5 units

|d|57.0 units |e|57.3 units |f|56.4 units

3.

a) |AB|54.0 units
c) |CD|57.2 units
e) |2AB|58.0 units

a) 4.1 units b) 18.4 units

d) 17.7 units e) 31.8 units

12
1 2
1 2

3. a)i)4aii)2aiii)2(a+b)iv)Ew a

12
1 2
1 2

b)Proof

1 2
1 2

b) Proof

4. a) i) Qw (2qp)ii) Wu (pq)

Student assessment 1 page 390

1.
2.

1 2
2
a 51 2
4
24
d51
222

12
4
b 51 2
0
22
e51 2
1

a) 22

3

1 2262
0
c51 2
25

b) 7

2

c)

3.
b
a

d
b

c) 15.5 units
f) 19.6 units

23
3
1
B
5 C
5
2
3
2
23
4
2
E5
F
5
D
5
0
22
24
21
0
G
5
H
5
21
23
A
5

i)2aii)2abiii) Qr (2a+3b)
1. a)

b)Proof

b) |BC|55.4 units
d) |DE|513.0 units
f) |2CD|57.2 units

Exercise 32.5 page 387

1.

Exercise 32.7 page 389

Exercise 32.4 page 386

2.

2. a)b)Proofs

1.

b) 212

23
e) 22

25
h) 3


2

b) Ie b
d) q Q t (8b215a)
f) 5a22b
h) Qt (10a18b)

4.

a)

1 2152

2e

2e

12

b) 1

5

c)

11112

d)

11402

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

81

Solutions

Student assessment 2 page 390

1.

a)

1 2272

12
d) 3
132

2. a) 0

3

3.

b) 25

24

1 2

c) 21
23

1 2
e)
4
1 2
21

c) 21
25

1 2

3. a) i) b a ii) aiii) a + b

b) i) 4 : 25 ii) 20 : 25

Student assessment 6 page 393

e
c

c
d

b
c

2a

2a

1 21172b) 1 2392c) 1 2662d) 1 218282

Student assessment 3 page 391

1. a)|AB |=7.21 units

b)|a|=9.22 units |b|=8.06 units
|c|=13 units
b) 2.69 units

2. a) 17.5 units

1242
D = 12302

3.

2. a) Proof b) Proof

4. a)

1. a) i) Qr b ii) Qr (4a b)iii) Wt (b a)

b) Proof

1 2

b) 26

0

e
a

Student assessment 5 page 392

A=

1 122
1
E=1 2
24
B=

C=

1 312

Student assessment 4 page 392

1. a)| FG |=5 units

b)|a|=6.1 units |b|=12.4 units
|c|=14.1 units
b) 11.4 units

3. a)2a

b)b

b) b

c) (1 + w2)b

2. a)
5b

b) 5b a

c) Qw (a + 3b)

3. a) i) Qw aii) b a

Matrices

33

Exercise 33.1 page 394

1. a) P = 2 3
d) S = 4 5

b) Q = 2 4
e)T = 5 1

2. Students own matrices

1
1

6500 900
3. 7200 1100
7300 1040
3 4 2 1
4. 0 6 2 0
1 3 0 2

5. (8693)
37 49
6. 74 58
76 62
89 56

c) b a

1 2

20 35 15
45 25 40
7. 30 30 10
0 0 25
5 10 10

8000 3000 5000

8. 8000 6000 10 000
5000 11 000 9000
9000 13 000 6000
9.

6 12 43 18 6 9 6
9 15 28 18 12 12 6
12 19 30 12 9 9 9

10. Students own matrix

82

b) 2 : 3

1 2

4. a) Students own vector

b) DF = Qw BC

c) CF = DE

2. a) 29.7 units

1. a) a

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

c)R = 4 2
f)F = 1 5

Solutions

Exercise 33.2 page 398

Exercise 33.4 page 402

14 8
9 3 24
1. a)
b)
7 16
19 35 5

12

1
2
1 2

24
10 13 17
3 d)
2 13 18
c)
18
5 10 11
14 9
15 5
e)
(311) f)
5 10

1 2

12

1
1
2
2
2

5 4
2 2 2
2. a)
b)
1 0
2 2 2

5
4 14 1
0 d)
2 0 4
c)
4
9 1 5
3 4
3 18
e)
f) 21 13
1 12
3 2
9 11
9 11
1 5
15 5
3. a)15 5 b)
c) 6 6
9 8
9 8
7 5

1 2 1
1 2 1
1 2 1
1 2 1 2
1 2

2
1 2
1 2
1 2

10 3
10 6
11 2
3 14 e)9 1 f)
9 8
d)
3 4
2 13
4 9

5 9
3 1
13 7
6 0 h)
12 12 i)6 10
g)
5 0
9 0
5 13
2 3 3
4. a)3 1 4
1 4 3

5 1 1
1 4 2 b) 15 races
1 3 3

7 4 4
4 5 6
c)
2 7 6

5. a)
444
265 312
b)
140 132

2 1

189 204

121 68

2 1

76 108
=
19 64

c)
267

Exercise 33.3 page 400

1 2
1 2
d)
e)
110 5
128 20
0 202
16 322
8 12
21 6
1. a)
b)
14 6
3 0

1 2
21 42
f) 1
14 72
c)

9 3
0 6

1 2
1 2 c) 13 0.75 61.5 2
12 3
d)
e)
f) 1
16 4
12.5 7.5
0.8 2 2
7.5 10 2
3 6 2
4 1
4 3
2. a)
b)
0 2
2 1

18 78
12 72
1. a)
b)
14 54
0 24
18 18
52 12 18
8 8
2. a)
b)
44 22 12
6 6
28 4 8
3. a)
b)
(27 17)
31 19 40
6 4 2
30 22 38
3
20 13 2
2
1
b)
4. a)
12 8 4
9 7 17
18 12 6
24 19 50

1
1

1 2

Exercise 33.5 page 402

1. VW =

0 7
124 8
2WV = 112 4
18 20 2

2. VW =

110 9
20 18 2

11 14 1
WV = 25 30 5
39 46 9

3. VW = (11)
4 10 18 4
WV = 0 0 0 0
6 15 27 6
12 30 54 12

4. VW =

7 7 9
WV is not possible
16
4 14 2

5. VW =

WV is not possible
133 41 10
17 11 8 2

Exercise 33.6 page 403

2 1
IA = 1
12 1
3 2 2
3 2 2
2 4
2 4
2. AI = 1
IA = 1
3 6 2
3 62
1. AI =

3. AI =

4 8
4 8
12 4
2IA = 12 4
2

4. AI =

1 2

3 2
1 6 IA is not possible
2 5

5. AI = (56)IA is not possible

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

83

Solutions

6.

1 2

4 3
5 6 IA is not possible
3 2
1 4

8. For a 2 2 matrix AI = IA = A.

Exercise 33.7 page 404

1. a)
3 b)
3 c)
4 d)
2
4 b)
10 c)
10 d)
1
2. a)
3. a)
18 b)
14 c)
54 d)
4
Students own matrices

5.

Students own matrices

6.

Students own matrices

1
1

Exercise 33.8 page 406

1 1
1 2
1 2 c) 10.8
12
1A 3 e)1.8 0.8
d)
11
1 2 1 2
22
4 5
5 7
1. a)
b)
7 9
7 10

f)
Not possible
2. See answers for Q.1.
3. It has no inverse as the determinant = 0.

c)

c)

10 7
4 1

c)

6 16 8
e)
2 12 14

f)

1 2
0 1.5

b) 66

d) 18

Jw 3
9 8
4. a)
b)
Lw 4
10 9

1 2
67.5 59
c) Not possible d)
175.5 66
2

Transformations

Exercise 34.1 page 409

11 2
0 4 2

c) 66

1. a)

6
4
2
2

2
4

6

b)
y=2

84

f)

3. a)
1

5 4
d) 1 5
1 5

3 15
2. a)42 10 b)
(1932)
36 26

1 2
1 2

9 6
1 1

3 1
d) 4 1
6 3

3 12 3
e)
6 12 15

6 11
4 1
1 12
1. a)
b)
7 8
10 5

1 2
1 2

11 7
3 1
6 12
b)
1. a)
8 2
8 5

Student assessment 1 page 406

2
2

Student assessment 2 page 407

34

d) 4

1
1

AAr
16
11 5 2

Lw Gw
Aw 0
Er
Aw
d)
e)
f)
Eq Aw AUq w
Aw Aq q
2 1

c) 6

1 2
8 7
4. a)
b)
Ew
Jw
9 8
Aw
Qr
To AAq i
c)
d)

We
Aw Aq w
Ty

16 b)
131 c)
18 d)
936
7. a)
e) 104 f)
576 g)
254 h)
576
i) 147

4. A, B, D have no inverse.
Tr Er
9 4
5. a)
b)
7 3
2 1

b) 6

1
3. a)

7. When AI exists, it is equal to A.

4.

18 17
2. a)45 0 b)
(83 14)
30 15

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

10
x

Solutions
2. a)

5. a)

6
4

2
2

6 4 2

6x

6 4 2

2

2

4

4

6

b)
x = 1

6x

6

b)
y = x 2

3. a)

2

6. a)

2

10
x

8 6 4 2

2
4

4

6

6

b) y = 0, x = 3

b)
y = 1
4. a)

7. a)

0
2

10
x

8 6 4 2

b)
y=x2

0
2
4

6

b)
y = 1, x = 3, y = x + 4, y = x 2

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

85

Solutions
8. a)

d)

8 6 4 2

2
2

6 4 2

2

0
2

4

4

6

Exercise 34.2 page 410

2. a)

6 4 2
2

6x

6

b)

2
6 4 2
2

6x

6x

2
4

4

6

c)

6
y

6 4 2
2

6x

0
2

2

86

6

6x

4

6

4

4

2

6 4 2

0
2

c)

6x

2

6 4 2

b)

6x

6 4 2

6

b)
y = 1, x = 3, y = x + 4, y = x 2

1. a)

4

6

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

Solutions
y

d)

2.

6
4
2

6 4 2

6x

2

4

6

3.

3.

y
8
6
4
2
10 8 6 4 2

0
2

4.

4

4
3

6
8

10

1
0

12

y
5

14

5.

Exercise 34.3 page 411

1

6 x

y
4
3
2

1.

1
4 3 2 1 0
1

4 x

2
3
4

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

87

Solutions
y
4

6.

y
4

4. a)

1
2 1 0
1

4 3 2 1 0
1

5 x

Exercise 34.4 page 411

4 x

3
4

b) 90 anti-clockwise about (0, 0)

5. a)

1. a)

y
4
3
2
1
1 0
1

2. a)

6 x

2
3

b) 180 clockwise/anti-clockwise

b) 90 anti-clockwise about (2.5, 0)

6. a)

y
4
3
2
1
4 3 2 1 0
1

b) 90 anti-clockwise

2
3

3. a)

b) 90 clockwise about (0, 1)

Exercise 34.5 page 413

Students own diagrams.

b) 180 clockwise/anti-clockwise

88

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

4 x

Solutions

Exercise 34.6 page 414

1.

AB=

4.

1062A C = 1362
1 2

Object

1 2

0
6
2. A B =
A C =
7
1
3. A B =

1062A C = 1362

4. A B =

12

1 2

5
3
A C =
0
6

Image

5.

Exercise 34.7 page 415

1.
Image

Image

Object

Object

6.
Object

2.
Object

Image
Image

Exercise 34.8 page 418

1.

A'

3.
A

Image

C
B

Object

C'

B'
Scale factor is 2

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

89

Solutions

Exercise 34.9 page 419

2.
A

1.

A'

D'

C
C'

B'

Scale factor is 1.5

3.

'

'

2.

'

'

4.
C'

A'

3.

Scale factor is 3

B'

5.

90

1
Scale factor is
4

D'

A'

C'

B'

4.

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

Solutions

Exercise 34.10 page 420

4.

1.

C'
D'

C'

A
D

B'

B'

Scale factor is

5.

B'

C'

A'

C
Scale factor is

A'

2.

C'
A

B'

A'

Scale factor is

A'

D'

2.5

6.

3.
A

C'

D'

O
D

B'

C'

D'

Scale factor is

B'

A'
0.5

A'

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

91

Solutions

Exercise 34.11 page 422

3.

y
4

1.

10
8

D'

C'

A'

B'

8 6 4 2 0
2

A"
B"

D"

2 C"

4.

2
D

6
C

C 4

6

S'

S'

2
Q' P'

C'

D'

10x

P
2

10 x

S
6

4

B"

4
6
A"

6

5.

A'

B'

8 6 4 2 0
D"
2

Q'

P
2

8 6 4 2 0

Exercise 34.12 page 424

R'
R

P'
4

S'

S
6

10 x

2
4

1.

y S'
4
2 P'
8 6 4 2 0
2

R'

6

Q
P
2

R
Q'
4

S
6

6.

y
4

10 x

2
10 8 6 4 2 0
S'
P'
2

4
6

2.

4

y
4
2
8 6 4 2 0
Q' P'
2

Q
P
2

S
6

R'

Q'

6

10 x

4
R'

92

2

S
6

R'

8 6 4 2 0

P
2
4
P' Q'

10
B 6

R'

4

8 6 4 2 0

2.

S'
6

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

Q
P
2

S
6

10 x

Solutions
7. Q.1 represents a reflection in the line y = x.

Q.2 represents a reflection in the line y = x.

Q.3 represents a clockwise rotation of 90
about the origin.

Q.4 represents an anti-clockwise rotation of
90 about the origin.

Q.5 represents an enlargement of scale factor
2 with its centre at the origin.

Q.6 represents an enlargement of scale factor
2 with its centre at the origin.
8. a)
X

2
2

Z'

10

Y'
12

14 x

4

X'

10

b) 4.5 units2c) 40.5 units2d)9e)9

y

9. a)
Q

2
R

R'

4 3 2 1 0
1
P
P'
2

2.

3.

4.

8

5.

5x

S'

6.

3

6

Q'

1. a)
Students own diagram

b) Students diagram should show a reflection
in y x followed by enlargement from
the origin 2
0 0.5

c)
0.5 0

y
4

Z
Y
4 2 0
2

Exercise 34.13 page 426

b) 6 units2c) 13.5 units2d) 2.25e) 2.25

10. a)
A

C'

y
3

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
1
A'

B'

a) Students own diagram

b) Students diagram should show a rotation
180 about the origin
1 0
c) 0 1

a) Students own diagram

b) Students diagram should show a rotation
90 clockwise about the origin followed by
enlargement from the origin 1.5
0 Se
c)
Se 0

a) Students own diagram

b) Students diagram should show an
enlargment from the origin 0.5 followed
by reflection in the y-axis
c)

12 0
0 22

a) Students own diagram

b) Students diagram should show an
enlargment from the origin 2.5 followed
by reflection in the x-axis
c)

1S0 0S 2

a) Students own diagram

b) Students diagram should show a rotation
about the origin 60 anti-clockwise
followed by an enlargement from origin
(2)

c)

1
4

3
4

3
4

1
4

2x

2
3

b) 2 units c) 12.5 units d) 6.25e) 6.25

2

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

93

Solutions

Exercise 34.14 page 429

Student assessment 1 page 431

1. a)c)

1. a)

y
4
Y' Y
2

X'
Y''

4
2

4x

4
6

2. a)c)

2
2
2
2

2
2
f)

y
2 K

6 4 2 0
2
K''
L''

4

2
2
2
2

L
2

J'
J''

d)Reflection in the line y x

0 2
0 Aw
e) 2 0
f)
Aw 0

0
3. a)
0

1 0
4. a) 0 1

10x

2 is also a mirror line

b) y = x + 4

2. a) (3, 2)
6
3. a)
0

12

b)

90 clockwise
3
5

1 2

b)

4.

0 Se
b)
Se 0

0 1
b) 1 0

Student assessment 2 page 432

e)Reflection in the line y x

f)Reflection in the line y x

1.

6
4

2
2

2

d)
Rotation 180 about the origin

94

6
M''

0 1
c) 1 0

b)Enlargement scale factor 2, with centre at

the origin

M'

L'

K'

d)Rotation 45 anti-clockwise about the

origin
2
2
e)

O
2

b)
Reflection in the y-axis

X''
Z'
4 2 0 Z 2
Z''
2

4

6

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

10
x

Solutions
2. a) Students own construction

b) 180 clockwise/anti-clockwise

1 2

0
3. a)
3

5. a)b)

y
4

1 2
8
2

b)

P'

4.

S'

1
S
Q''
4 3 2 1 0
1
R''

R'

Q'
1Q 2

S''

2
3

P''

Student assessment 3 page 433

4

Se 0
1.5 0
c) 0 1.5 d)
0 Se

Student assessment 4 page 435

1. a)
C

1. a)
Z'
W

B'

A'

A
B

D'

Y'

C'

b)The scale factor of enlargement is 0.5.

2. a) An enlargement of scale factor 2. Centre
of enlargement (3, 3)

b) A reflection about the line y = x 1
3. a) A reflection in the line x = 0

b)An enlargement by scale factor 0.5.
Centre of enlargement (0, 1)
4. a) b)

J"

L"

J'

6 4 2
L'
2

W'

b) The scale factor of enlargement is 2.

4
K"

X'

2. a) A translation of vector

1602

b)An enlargement of scale factor 2. Centre

of enlargement (6, 8)

K
2

6x

K' 4
6

c)

11 0
0 1 2
Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

95

Solutions
y

3. a)

5. Students investigation and ordered table

6 P

Number of
horizontal lines

4
2 Q'

R'
6 4 2

O
2 P'

Q
4
6x

4

4
0.16

b)
25

6

Number of triangles

12

18

24

6. n = 6(h + 1)
c)

4
or 0.16
25

ICT activity 1 page 438

Students help sheet

Topic 7 Mathematical
investigations and ICT
A painted cube page 436

ICT activity 2 page 439

3.

Reflection in y = x

5. When (l 2) 0, (w 2) 0 and (h 2) 0,

4. a) Reflection in y = x
b) Clockwise rotation about the origin of 90
c) 
Anti-clockwise rotation about the origin
of 90
d) Enlargement of scale factor 2, centred at
the origin.
e) Englargement of scale factor 2, centred
at the origin

35

1. a) 8

b) 12

c) 6

d)1

2. A: 8, B: 24, C: 24, D: 8
3. A: 8, B: 96, C: 384, D: 512
4. When (n 2) 0, A: 8, B: 12(n 2),
C: 6(n 2)2, D: (n 2)3
A: 8,
B: 4(l 2) + 4(w 2) + 4(h 2),
C: 2(l 2)(w 2) + 2(l 2)(h 2) + 2(w 2)
(h 2),
D: (l 2)(w 2)(h 2)

Triangle count page 437

1. 9
2. Students investigation and ordered table
Number of
horizontal lines

Number of triangles

12

3. n = 3(h + 1)
4. 12

96

Probability

Exercise 35.1 page 443

1.

Students own drawing

2.

Students own answers

Exercise 35.2 page 444

1. a) Qy

b) Ty

c) Qw

d) Ty

e)0

f)1

2. a)i)Qu ii)
Yu

b)Total51

3. a)w tQ p

b) Qw

c) w t p

d)1

4. a) Ti

b) Ei

5. a) q Q e

b) w T y

c) Ww Qy

d) w E y

7. a)i)Qq p

ii)Qr

b)i)Qq o

ii)Eq o

8. a) e Q u

e) We Qu

b) Ee Yu
f) Qe Wu

c) Qe Iu
g) Qe Uu

d) e Q u
h) Qe Qu

6. Qy

9. a)RCARACCRACARARCACR

b) Qy
c) Qe
d) Qw
e) w Q r
Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

Solutions
10. a) Qr
e) q E e

b) Er
f ) t Q w

c) q Q e
g) q T e

d) w Q y
h) q R e

2. a) 32 cards in pack

b) i) Qi ii)
Ei iii)
Qr iv)
Qi v)
Qe Qw
3.

a) q iQ p

b) w Q p

c) q Q w

4.

a) e O w

b) Ei

c) We Qw

5.

128 red, 80 blue, 112 green

2. a)32

6.

a) E

b)i)q y ii)
e w iii)
Ei
iv) Ti

7.

a) 50000
b)You have to assume that all entrants have
an equal chance of winning.

Exercise 35.3 page 445

1. a)140

b)i)Q ii)
p iii)
Yu

3. a)70
b)i)

ii) iii)
iv)

1. 2
2. 25
3.

a) q Q y

b) q U y

c) Qw

d) Qq Ty

e) Qq Qy

4.

a) Qr Rt

b) r U t

c) Qe Ep

d) q Q t

e) Qq Rt

5.

35 blue, 28 red, 21 yellow, 49 green, 7 white

1. a)
Dice 1

Dice 2

7. 14
8. 200

Student assessment 1 page 449

1.

a) Qy

b) Ty

c) We

d)0

2.

2.

a) Qr
e) q R e

b) q Q e

c) Qw

d) q E e

3.

a) w tQ p
e)1

b) t Q p

c) w W t

d) q E p

4.

a) Qr Qp

b) Qi

c) Qr

d) Rt

5.

160 red, 96 blue, 64 green

6.

a)

b)

c) w Q

e) AA
q

f)

g) p

d)q t

7. a)The girls results are likely to be more

reliable as she repeated the experiment
more times.

b)It is likely that the dice is biased towards
the number 3.

Student assessment 2 page 450

1.

a) Qi

b) Ui

c) Ti

d)0

c)

Exercise 36.1 page 452

6. 300

9. 2

e)1

Further
probability

36

Exercise 35.4 page 448

b)

d) Wo

1, 1

2, 1

3, 1

4, 1

1, 2

2, 2

3, 2

4, 2

1, 3

2, 3

3, 3

4, 3

1, 4

2, 4

3, 4

4, 4

b) Ar

c) Ar

d) q O y

1, 6

2, 6

3, 6

4, 6

5, 6

6, 6

1, 5

2, 5

3, 5

4, 5

5, 5

6, 5

1, 4

2, 4

3, 4

4, 4

5, 4

6, 4

1, 3

2, 3

3, 3

4, 3

5, 3

6, 3

1, 2

2, 2

3, 2

4, 2

5, 2

6, 2

1, 1

2, 1

3, 1

4, 1

5, 1

6, 1

Die 22
Dice

a) Ae y b) Ay
c) Aq i
g) q i h) Ay i) AA
q i

4
Dice
1
Die 1

d) Ay

e) Ar

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

f) Er

97

Solutions

Exercise 36.2 page 454

3. a)
W

1. a)

1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3

111
112
113
121
122
123
131
132
133
211
212
213
221
222
223
231
232
233
311
312
313
321
322
323
331
332
333

b)i)wAu ii)Aeiii) Ao iv)Aev) Go

2. a)

M
M
F
M
M
F
F
M
M
F
F
M
F
F

M
F
M
F
M
F
M
F
M
F
M
F
M
F
M
F

MMMM
MMMF
MMFM
MMFF
MFMM
MFMF
MFFM
MFFF
FMMM
FMMF
FMFM
FMFF
FFMM
FFMF
FFFM
FFFF

b)i)wAuii)Aw P u iii)Aw O uiv) w I u

4. a)
DB

LB

DB
W
LB
P
DB
W
LB
P
DB
W
LB
P
DB
W
LB
P

98

DB DB
DB W
DB LB
DB P
W DB
WW
W LB
WP
LB DB
LB W
LB LB
LB P
P DB
PW
P LB
PP

b) i) qAyii)Ariii)Ai

b) i) Aq y ii) Di iii) Aq Ty iv) qGy

W
L
D
W
L
D
W
L
D
W
L
D
W
L
D
W
L
D
W
L
D
W
L
D
W
L
D

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

WWW
WWL
WWD
WLW
WLL
WLD
WDW
WDL
WDD
LWW
LWL
LWD
LLW
LLL
LLD
LDW
LDL
LDD
DWW
DWL
DWD
DLW
DLL
DLD
DDW
DDL
DDD

Solutions

Exercise 36.3 page 456

Student assessment 1 page 457

1. a)
Roll 1

Roll 2



Six

Six, Six

     




Not six

Six, Not six

     

Six

Not six, Six

     

Not six

Not six, Not six

      

Not six


Probability


Six



Outcomes

b) i) Ayii)AAe yiii)Ge yiv)AWw q Gyv) w O qAy

c) Add up to 1

1. a)i)Et
b)Infinite

2. a)

ii)Aq o
1

1H

2H

3H

4H

5H

6H

1T

2T

3T

4T

5T

6T

b) i) qAw ii)
Ar iii)
Ar
3. a)

2. a) wFtb) GF
q w tc) q O w I t
3. a)
0.35

0.65

0.35

OT

0.65

OT

0.35

0.65

OT

0.35
0.65
0.35
0.65
0.35
0.65
0.35
0.65

L
OT
L
OT

L, L, L
L, L, OT
L, OT, L
L, OT, OT

L
OT
L
OT

OT, L, L
OT, L, OT
OT, OT, L
OT, OT, OT

b) i) 0.275 (3 s.f.)
iii) 0.444 (3 s.f.)

ii) 0.123 (3 s.f.)

iv) 0.718 (3 s.f.)

4. a) 0.0588 (3 s.f.)

c) 0.414 (3 s.f.)

b) 0.0129 (3 s.f.)
d) 0.586 (3 s.f.)

5. a)
K
B
M

B
M
L
K
M
L
K
B
M
L
K
B
M
L

KB
KM
KL
BK
BM
BL
MK
MB
MM
ML
LK
LB
LM
LL

B
P
W
B
P
W
B
P
W

BB
BP
BW
PB
PP
PW
WB
WP
WW

0.5

H
T
H
T
H
T
H
T

B
P
W

b)i)qAyii)Aiiii)Ar

4. a)
0.5

0.5

b)i)Ai

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5

THH
THT
TTH
TTT

ii) Ei iii)
Ai
iv) Ui

5. a) o

b) SHw u

c) Wo

6. a) q O y

b) Aq y

c) Ar

7.

HHH
HHT
HTH
HTT

0.00995 (3 s.f.)

b) i) Aq tii) Aq tiii)Dt

6. 0.027
7. a) 0.752 (0.563)

b) 0.753 (0.422)

c) 0.7510 (0.056)

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

99

Solutions

Student assessment 2 page 458

1. a)
Dice 1
1

10

10

11

10

11

12

Dice 2

b) i) eAy ii)
Ay
iii) qAw
c) 25

iv) qJw

Topic 8 Mathematical
investigations and ICT
Probability drop page 460
1.

3.

B
W
P
B
W
P

B
W

b)i)qAy ii)
Di iii)
qDy iv)
Ji

4. a) qAw

b) Ay c) Ay

5. a)0.72

b)0.729

6. a)
0.6

0.4

0.6

0.4

0.6

0.4

b)i)0.216 ii)0.064

0.4
0.6
0.4
0.6
0.4
0.6
0.4

H
T
H
T
H
T
H
T

HHH
HHT
HTH
HTT
THH
THT
TTH
TTT

Tray 3: 16 =

Tray 4: 16 =

Tray 5: 16

100

1
4
3
8
1
4

5. Students investigation
6.

210
1024

105
512

7. Each number in each row of Pascals triangle

corresponds to the number of routes to
landing in each tray of the game.
8. The binomial expansion generates the
numbers in Pascals triangle and therefore the
number of routes to landing in each tray of the
game.

Dice sum page 461

1.
Dice 1

iii)0.648
iii)0.3
iii)0.38

Dice 2

7. a)i)0.8 ii)0.7

b)i)0.06 ii)0.56

0.6

LLRL LRLL RLLL

LRLR LRRL RLLR
RLRL RRLL
RRLR RLRR LRRR

because there are 16 possible routes and

only one results in the marble landing in
Tray 1.

4. Tray 2: 16 =

BB
BW
BP
WB
WW
WP

RLL
RRL

1
16

3. a)

LRL
RLR

2. Tray 1: LLLL

Tray 2: LLLR

Tray 3: LLRR


Tray 4: RRRL

Tray 5: RRRR

2. a)i)Ar ii)
Di

b) i) yDr
ii)
iii) qJy iv)
Dy Or

Tray 1: LLL
Tray 2: LLR
Tray 3: LRR
Tray 4: RRR

10

10

11

10

11

12

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

Solutions
3.

2. 36
3. 7
4.

3
36

= 12

5.

3
36

Mean = 14 yrs 3 mths

Median = 14 yrs 3 mths
Mode = 14 yrs 3 mths
Range = 8 mths

4.

6. You are four times more likely to get a 5 than

a 2.

Mean = 26.4
Mode = 28

5.

7.

Mean = 13.9 s (3 s.f.)

Median = 13.9 s
Mode = 13.8 s
Range = 0.6 s

1
6

Dice 1

Dice 2

Exercise 37.2 page 468

1. Mean = 3.35
Mode = 1 and 4
2.

1
4

11. Students investigation

12. a) m2

b) m + 1

c)

13. a) m n

103 points

9. 5
4

91.1 kg

7.

8. 16
10. 16 =

6.

Median = 27
Range = 5

m
1
=
2
m
m

b)The total can take any integer value in the

range n + 1 m + 1.

Median = 3
Range = 5

Mean = 7.03

3. a) Mean = 6.33 (3 s.f.)

Median = 7

Mode = 8

Range = 5

b) The mode, as it gives the highest number
of flowers per bush

Exercise 37.3 page 469

1. a)

n
1
=
c)
nm
m

Height
(m)

Frequency

Mid-interval
value

Frequency
mid-interval
value

ICT activity: Buffons needle

experiment page 462

1.8

1.85

3.7

1.9

1.95

9.75

1.9. Students experiment and results entered in

a spreadsheet

2.0

10

2.05

20.5

2.1

22

2.15

47.3

10. The value of p should tend to .

37

 ean, median,
M
mode and range

Exercise 37.1 page 467

1.

Mean = 1.67 (3 s.f.)

Mode = 1

Median = 1
Range = 5

2.

Mean = 6.2
Mode = 7

Median = 6.5
Range = 9

2.2

2.25

15.75

2.32.4

2.35

9.4

b) Mean = 2.13 m (3 s.f.)

c) Modal class = 2.12.2 m

2. a) Mean = 33 h (2 s.f.)

b) Modal class = 3039 h
3. a) Mean = 6.2 cm

b) Modal class = 6.06.5 cm

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

101

Solutions

Student assessment 1 page 470

1. a) Mean = 16

b) Median = 16.5

c) Mode = 18

d) Range = 39
2. a)28

b) i) Mean 7.75
ii) Median = 8
iii) Mode = 8
iv) Range = 5

3.
Fraction

Degrees

Clothes

1
3

800

120

Transport

15

480

72

Ents.

14

600

90

Saved

13
60

520

78

3. a) Mean = 19

b) Modal class is 19 < M , 20

Student assessment 2 page 471

1.

Mean = 86.8 m
Mode = 93 m

Median = 90.5 m
Range = 18 m

2. a)
26

b) i) Mean = 7.73 (3 s.f.)
ii)Median = 7.5
iii)Mode = 10
iv)Range = 6

4.

Social
8% (29)

3. a)Mean 10.0 kg (3 s.f.)

b) Modal class is 10.0 < M , 10.1 kg

38

Male

 ollecting and
C
displaying data

Management
18% (65)

Non-skilled
12% (43)

Clerical
22% (79)

Skilled
24% (86)

Professional
16% (58)

Exercise 38.1 page 476

Female

1.
Sleep Meals Sport TV School
Ayse

8 h 20

2h

5h

2h

6 h 40

Ahmet

8 h 40

2h

5 h 20

2h

6h

2.

Non-skilled
24% (86)

Social
10% (36)

Clerical
38% (137)

Skilled
16% (58)

Music

Management
4% (14)

Professional
8% (29)

a) Students own two statements

b)Professional58million38%5640000
Management58million34%5320000

102

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

Solutions

Exercise 38.2 page 477

1.

Students own survey results and pie charts

2.

Students report

Exercise 38.3 page 481

1. Students answers may differ from those given below.
a) Possible positive correlation (strength depending on topics tested)

b) No correlation
c) Positive correlation (likely to be quite strong)
d) Negative correlation (likely to be strong). Assume that motorcycles are not rare/vintage.
e) Factors such as social class, religion and income are likely to affect results.
Therefore little correlation is likely.

f) Negative correlation (likely to be strong)
g) 016 years likely to be a positive correlation
h) Strong positive correlation
2. a)

Sunshine and rainfall correlation

160

Rainfall (mm)

140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0

6
8
10
Sunshine (hours)

12

14

b) G
 raph shows a very weak negative correlation.

3. a)
Infant mortality per 1000

Adult illiteracy and infant

mortality correlation
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0

20
40
60
Adult illiteracy (%)

80

b) Positive correlation
c) Students answer. However, although there is a correlation, it doesnt imply that one variable affects
the other
Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

103

Solutions
d)

Female and male life expectancy correlation

90
Male life expectancy

80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0

10

20

30

40
50
60
Female life expectancy

70

80

90

100

4. a) Moderate/strong positive correlation

b) Approx. 31 tomatoes
c) Approx. 60cm

Exercise 38.4 page 485

1.

Exercise 38.5 page 487

1. a)

9
8

Frequency

Time (min)

Freq.

13

0.6

0.6

2.6

1.4

Freq. density

6
5
3

3
4
5
Distance (km)

2.
8
7
Frequency

6
5

Frequency density

1
0

0.6 0.4

4
0.2

2.6
2.4
2.2
2.0
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
Time (min)

3
2
1
145 150 155 160 165 170 175 180 185
Height (cm)

104

b)

4
2

10 15 20 25 30 4060

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

Solutions
2. a)

4. a)
Frequency

Frequency density

0 < t , 30

0.3

30 < t , 45

0.3

45 < t , 60

0.5

60 < t , 75

0.6

75 < t , 90

10

0.7

90 < t , 120

12

0.4

6
5
4
3
2
1
0

b)

0.8

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80
Age (years)

b) Students own answers

Student assessment 1 page 489

0.7
0.6

1. 90

0.5
0.4

Area (10 000 km 2)

Frequency density

7
Frequency density

Time (min)

0.3
0.2
0.1
0

15

30

45 60 75
Time (min)

9
0 105 120

Age (years)

Freq.

35

48 140 180 260 280

Freq. density

35

12

3. a)
5
28

80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0

10 20 40 6090
18

13

Nigera

South
Sudan

Kenya

150

14

2. a)

Distance travelled and time

taken correlation

b)
36

50
Time (min)

32
Frequency density

Republic
of Congo

28
24
20
16
12

40
30
20
10
0

8
4
0

10

20

30

40 50 60
Age (years)

70

80

9
0

10 15 20 25 30

Distance (km)

b) (Strong) positive correlation

c) It depends on their mode of transport.

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

105

Solutions
d)

2. a)

Distance travelled and time

taken correlation

Number of pairs of gloves

Time (min)

50
40
30
20
10
0

10 15 20 25 30

Distance (km)


e) Approx. 9.5 km

32

Intermediates

16

80

16

Full members

21

273

6080

70

50
40
30
20
10

10 15 20 25 30

b)Negative correlation
c) Students own answer
d)
Gloves sold and outside
temperature correlation

3.5

b)
16
Frequency density

60

Mean outside temperature

(C)

Number of pairs of gloves

Number Frequency density

Juniors

Seniors

70

3. a)
Age

Gloves sold and outside

temperature correlation

14
12
10
8

70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0

10 15 20 25 30

Mean outside temperature

(C)

6
4
2

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Age (years)

Approx. 30 pairs

3. a)
Points

Student assessment 2 page 490

Number of
games

12

1.

Freq. density

0.4

0.6

1.6

0.9

1.2

0.2

America
(48.4)
920
Europe
(39.5)
750

Africa
(52.4)
995

Oceania
(1.8)
35

Asia
(218)
4140

106

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

10 15 25 3550

Solutions
b)

2. a)

2.0

Frequency density

1.8

Class A
Score

1.6

1.0

20 < x , 40

0.8

40 < x , 60

12

0.4

60 < x , 80

15

0.2

80 < x , 100

18

12

17

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

107

0.6

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

Class A

b)

18
16
Cumulative frequency

Cumulative
frequency

Exercise 39.1 page 492

1. a)
Finishing
time (h)

0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.03.5

Freq.

34

16

Cum. freq.

40

56

59

60

14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0

20

100

18

40

30
20

Cumulative frequency

16

50
Cumulative frequency

40 60 80
Test score
Class B

b)
60

14
12
10
8
6
4
2

10

0
0.5

Cum.
Cum.
Cum.
Freq.
Freq.
freq.
freq.
freq.

0 < x , 20

Points

Class C

1.2

39

Freq.

1.4

Class B

1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5

Finishing time (h)

3.0

3.5

20

40 60 80
Test score

100

c)Median 1.8 h
d)As many runners finished before as after
the median.

Solutions
b)

Class C

30

18

28

16

26

14

24

12

22

10

Cumulative frequency

Cumulative frequency

2007

8
6
4
2
0

20

40 60 80
Test score

100

20
18
16
14
12
10
8

c) Class A median 50
Class B median 70
Class C median 78

d)As many students were above as below the
median.

6
4
2
150 155 160 165 170 175 180 185

3. a)

Height (cm)
2007

Height (cm)

Freq.

2008

2008

2009

Cum.
Cum.
Cum.
Freq.
Freq.
freq.
freq.
freq.

30
28

26

155

14

11

24

160

11

25

10

21

17

22

165

29

25

25

170

30

28

27

175

30

30

29

180185

30

30

30

Cumulative frequency

150

20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
150 155 160 165 170 175 180 185
Height (cm)

108

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

Solutions

2009

b)

30
28
Cumulative frequency

26
24
Cumulative frequency

22
20
18
16
14

40
36
32
28
24
20
16
12
8
4

12
10

20

40

60

80

100

Distance thrown (m)

4
2
150 155 160 165 170 175 180 185

c) Qualifying distance 66 m
d) Inter-quartile range 28 m
e)Median 50 m

4. a)

Height (cm)

Type A
Mass (g)

c) Median (2007) 161 cm

Median (2008) 162 cm
Median (2009) 164 cm

d)As many students are taller than the
median as shorter than the median.

Frequency

Cum. freq.

75

100

11

125

15

26

Exercise 39.2 page 495

150

32

58

1. a) Class A 30 Class B 30 Class C 40

b) Students own responses
2. a)2007 7 cm 2008 8 cm 2009 8 cm

b) Students own responses
3. a)

175

14

72

200

78

225250

80

Type B

Distance
thrown (m)

20

40

60

80100

Freq.

15

10

75

Cum. freq.

13

28

38

40

100

16

16

125

43

59

150

10

69

175

76

200

80

225250

80

Mass (g)

Frequency

Cum. freq.

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

109

Solutions

Student assessment 1 page 497

b)
Type A

1. a)
Mark

70
60
50
40

30

Cum. freq.

10

17

23

27

29

30

b)
32

10

28

75

100 125 150 175 200 225 250

Mass (g)
Type B

80
Cumulative frequency

20

70

24
20
16
12
8
4

60

50
40

20

40
60
80
Exam mark (%)

100

c)i) Median 57%
ii) Lower quartile 45%

Upper quartile 69%
iii) Inter-quartile range 24%

30
20
10
0

75

100 125 150 175 200 225 250

Mass (g)

c) Median type A 157 g

Median type B 137 g

d) i) Lower quartile type A 140 g
Lower quartile type B 127 g
ii) Upper quartile type A 178 g

Upper quartile type B 150 g
iii) Inter-quartile type range type A 38 g
Inter-quartile type range type B 23 g

e) Students own report
5. a) Students own explanation

b) Students own explanation

110

20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90100

Freq.

Cumulative frequency

Cumulative frequency

80

2. a)
Mark (%)

Frequency

Cumulative frequency

3140

21

21

4150

55

76

5160

125

201

6170

74

275

7180

52

327

8190

45

372

91100

28

400

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

Solutions

c) A grade 75%

d) Lower boundary 66%
Upper boundary 72%

e) Inter-quartile range 25%

b)

Cumulative frequency

400
350
300

Topic 9 Mathematical
investigations and ICT
Heights and percentiles page 499

250
200
150
100
50

1. Approx. 167cm
0

20

40
60
Exam mark (%)

80

100

2. Approx. 168cm (Note: This corresponds to

the 25th percentile not the 75th.)

c) i)Median 60%
ii)Lower quartile 52%

Upper quartile 73%
iii)Inter-quartile range 21%

3. Approx. 151cm

3. a)

5. It is likely that different cultures have

different charts as some races are taller on
average than others.

Mark (%)

Frequency

4. Students calculations could include mean,

median, inter-quartile range and comparisons
with printed charts.

Cumulative frequency

110

10

10

1120

30

40

2130

40

80

3140

50

130

1. Possible answers include length of sentences,

number of words with 3 or more syllables, size
of type, etc.

4150

70

200

2. Students choices

5160

100

300

3. Students calculations

6170

240

540

7180

160

700

8190

70

770

ICT activity page 501

91100

30

800

1.6. Students data, graph and comparisons

Reading ages page 501

4. Students should choose articles on a similar

topic. Ignore proper nouns. Choose more than
one article from each paper.

b)

Cumulative frequency

800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0

20

40
60
Exam mark (%)

80

100

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 3rd edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2013

111