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    TB Disease

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    Anusha Verghese
    Tuberculosis is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which is transmitted through airborne droplets when people with active TB cough, sneeze or spit. Common symptoms include coughing, weight loss, fever and night sweats. Diagnosis involves sputum tests to identify the bacteria and chest x-rays to determine the extent of lung involvement. Treatment requires a multi-drug regimen over a period of 6-9 months to cure the infection and prevent drug resistance.

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    TB Disease

    Uploaded by

    Anusha Verghese
    167 views3 pages
    Tuberculosis is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which is transmitted through airborne droplets when people with active TB cough, sneeze or spit. Common symptoms include coughing, weight loss, fever and night sweats. Diagnosis involves sputum tests to identify the bacteria and chest x-rays to determine the extent of lung involvement. Treatment requires a multi-drug regimen over a period of 6-9 months to cure the infection and prevent drug resistance.

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    Original Title

    Tb Disease

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    Tuberculosis is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which is transmitted through airborne droplets when people with active TB cough, sneeze or spit. Common symptoms include coughing, weight loss, fever and night sweats. Diagnosis involves sputum tests to identify the bacteria and chest x-rays to determine the extent of lung involvement. Treatment requires a multi-drug regimen over a period of 6-9 months to cure the infection and prevent drug resistance.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    167 views3 pages

    TB Disease

    Uploaded by

    Anusha Verghese
    Tuberculosis is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which is transmitted through airborne droplets when people with active TB cough, sneeze or spit. Common symptoms include coughing, weight loss, fever and night sweats. Diagnosis involves sputum tests to identify the bacteria and chest x-rays to determine the extent of lung involvement. Treatment requires a multi-drug regimen over a period of 6-9 months to cure the infection and prevent drug resistance.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    DISEASE

    Tuberculo
    sis

    OTHER
    NAME/S
    Kochs
    Disease

    CAUSATIVE
    AGENT
    Mycobacterium
    tuberculosis
    TB bacillus
    Kochs bacillus
    Mycobacterium
    bovis
    (rod-shaped)

    MODE OF
    TRANSMISSION
    Airborne-droplet
    Direct invasion
    through mucous
    membranes and
    breaks in the skin
    (very rare)
    Incubation period :
    4 6 weeks

    PATHOGNOMONIC
    SIGN/MANIFESTATION
    S
    1. Usually asymptomatic
    2. Low-grade afternoon
    fever
    3. Night sweating
    4. Loss of appetite
    5. Weight loss
    6. Easy fatigability due
    to increased oxygen
    demand
    8. Productive dry cough
    9. Hemoptysis

    MANAGEMENT/TREATM
    ENT
    Diagnostic test:
    Sputum examination
    or the Acid-fast bacilli
    (AFB) / sputum
    microscopy
    1. Confirmatory test
    2. Early morning sputum
    about 3-5 cc
    3. Maintain NPO before
    collecting sputum
    4. Give oral care after the
    procedure
    5. Label and immediately
    send to laboratory
    6. If the time of the
    collection of the sputum is
    unknown, discard
    Chest X-ray is used to:
    1. Determine the clinical
    activity of TB, whether
    it is inactive (in control) or
    active (ongoing)
    2. To determine the size of
    the lesion:
    a. Minimal very small
    b. Moderately advance
    lesion is < 4 cm
    c. Far advance lesion is

    > 4 cm
    Tuberculin Test
    purpose is to determine
    the
    history of exposure to
    tuberculosis
    Other names:
    Mantoux Test used for
    single screening, result
    interpreted after 72 hours
    Tine test used for mass
    screening read after 48
    hours
    Interpretation:
    0 - 4 mm induration not
    significant
    5 mm or more
    significant in individuals
    who
    are considered at risk;
    positive for patients who
    are HIV-positive or have
    HIV risk factors and are
    of unknown HIV status,
    those who are close
    contacts with an active
    case, and those who have
    chest x-ray results
    consistent with
    tuberculosis.
    10 mm or greater

    significant in individuals
    who have normal or
    mildly impaired immunity

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