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Ten Rules of Categorical Syllogism

The document outlines 10 rules for categorical syllogisms: 1) A syllogism must have exactly 3 terms that are each used twice but not in the same proposition. 2) The middle term cannot appear in the conclusion. 3) The major term in the conclusion cannot be universal if it is only particular in the premise. 4) The minor term in the conclusion cannot be universal if it is only particular in the premise. 5) The middle term must be distributed or universal in at least one premise. 6) If both premises are affirmative, the conclusion must be affirmative. 7) No valid conclusion can be drawn from two negative premises. 8) If a premise is negative, the conclusion must be negative. 9)

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10K views1 page

Ten Rules of Categorical Syllogism

The document outlines 10 rules for categorical syllogisms: 1) A syllogism must have exactly 3 terms that are each used twice but not in the same proposition. 2) The middle term cannot appear in the conclusion. 3) The major term in the conclusion cannot be universal if it is only particular in the premise. 4) The minor term in the conclusion cannot be universal if it is only particular in the premise. 5) The middle term must be distributed or universal in at least one premise. 6) If both premises are affirmative, the conclusion must be affirmative. 7) No valid conclusion can be drawn from two negative premises. 8) If a premise is negative, the conclusion must be negative. 9)

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jenheix08
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Ten Rules of Categorical Syllogism

1. Three Terms (TT): There must be three and only three terms in a
categorical syllogism, each of which is used in exactly the same sense in the
entire argument. Each of these terms is used twice but not in the same
proposition.
2. Out of Place Middle Term (OPM): The middle term (M) must not appear in
the conclusion. The Acronym OP stands for "Out of Place". If the middle term
is found in the conclusion where it is not supposed to be, then it is out of
place.
3. Overextended Major Term (OP): The major term (P) may not be universal
in the conclusion if it is only particular in the premise. When that conclusion
asserts more than what is indicated in the premises, and then we have a case
of overextending. In other words, the quantity of the major term is wider in
the conclusion than in the premise.
4. The Overextended Minor term (OS): The minor term (S) may not be
universal in the conclusion if it is only particular in the premise. If the
quantity of the minor term is wider in the conclusion than in the premise,
then it is overextended or bloated.
5. Undistributed Middle Term (UM): The middle term (M) must be distributed
or universal at least once in the premises. If in both premises are the quantity
of the middle term is particular, it is unable to function as a medium of
comparison. It is paralytic so to speak.
6. Affirmative Premises Affirmative Conclusion (APAC): If both premises
are affirmative, the conclusion must also be affirmative. If the premises
asserts that there is something, there is no way can be conclusion assert the
there is nothing. Otherwise, it is Judas Kiss, a betrayal of the premises.
7. Double Negative (DN): No valid conclusion can be drawn from two
negative premises; at least either premise must be affirmative.
8. Negative Premise Negative Conclusion (NPNC): If either premise is
negative, the conclusion must be negative.
9. Particular Premise Particular Conclusion (PPPC): If either premise is
particular, the conclusion must be particular.
10.Double Particular (DP): No valid conclusion can be drawn from two
particular premises.

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