Science Investigatory Project

CHAPTER I
Abstract
The investigatory project entitled Pepper and Madre Cacao Spray was taken with the main
purpose of producing insecticide / pesticide from chili pepper, onion, madre cacao leaves and alagaw
leaves
After thorough study and conducting several trials, the researchers with the guidance of their
coach found out that Pepper and Madre Cacao Spray can be used in producing safer insecticide /
pesticide.
Chapter II
Background of the Study
I. Introduction
Over the years, insects greatly contribute much with ecological balance in nature yet it also
dramatically causes economic problems like the loss of production of the crops due to the damage
that they made and cost of the attempt to prevent or control the problem. Through it, the insect
killing agents is created commonly known as insecticide. However, the widespread and long term
use of the product resulted in too many problems. Many are toxic to humans and others are
concentrated in the air contamination. Thus, the researchers came up with an eco friendly and safer
insecticide extracted from chili pepper, onion, madre cacao leaves, and alagaw leaves.
There are two aspects of economic problems caused by insects such as termites. One concern
is to the health of humans. The other one concerns the cost of the attempt to prevent or control such
production losses. Termites are constant threat to houses. Insect - killing agents is created which is
called insecticide. Hence, the purpose of this research is to produce an eco friendly and safer
pesticide.
Bio insecticides are usually less toxic than conventional insecticides. It generally affects
only the target insects. It is often effective in very small quantities and decomposes quickly, thereby
resulting in lower exposure and largely avoiding the pollution problems caused by conventional
insecticide and derived from such natural materials like plants.
II. Objective
The objective of this study is to make a low cost pesticide out of chili pepper, onion, madre
cacao leaves and alagaw leaves.
III. Statement of the Problem

This study was conducted to produce insecticide / pesticide with the use of chili pepper,
onion, madre cacao leaves and alagaw leaves.
IV. Significance of the Study
The use of this insecticide / pesticide will be of help to control our economic problems such
as the loss of the production of crops due to the damage made by the killer insects. This product can
also be taught to everyone for their home use. They can rid of those killing insects with the use of
this insecticide / pesticide. It is easily to prepare and eco friendly.
V. Scope and Delimitation
This study is concentrated in making insecticide / pesticide with chili pepper, onion, madre
cacao leaves and alagaw leaves as the main ingredients.
VI. Review of Related Literature
The chili pepper is the fruit of plants from the genus Capsicum, members of the nightshade
family, Solanaceae. In Britain, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, India, and other Asian
countries, the word "pepper" is usually omitted.
The five domesticated species of chili peppers are as follows:
Capsicum annuum, which includes many common varieties such as bell

peppers, wax, cayenne, jalapeos, and the chiltepin
Capsicum frutescens, which includes malagueta, tabasco and Thai peppers, piri piri,
and Malawian Kambuzi.
Capsicum chinense, which includes the hottest peppers such as

the naga, habanero, Datil and Scotch bonnet
Capsicum pubescens, which includes the South American rocoto peppers
Capsicum baccatum, which includes the South American aji peppers
The substances that give chili peppers their intensity when ingested or applied topically
are capsaicin (8-methyl-N-vanillyl-6-nonenamide) and several related chemicals, collectively
called capsaicinoids.
Pepper spray, also known as OC spray (from "oleoresin capsicum"), OC gas, and capsicum
spray, is a lachrymatory agent (a chemical compound that irritates the eyes to cause tears, pain, and
temporary
blindness)
used
in policing, riot
control, crowd
control,
and
personal self-
defense ,including defense against dogs and bears.[1][2] Its inflammatory effects cause the eyes to
close, taking away vision. This temporary blindness allows officers to more easily restrain subjects
and permits people using pepper spray for self-defense an opportunity to escape. Although
considered a less-than-lethal agent, concerns about whether that is true had been raised when a
number of deaths involving pepper spray had been reported after a shipment of contaminated pepper
spray was sold and distributed around the U.S. in the early 1960's. [3] The actual compound, however,
is not lethal.
Gliricidia sepium, often simply referred to as Gliricidia (common names: Mata Ratn; Cacao
de nance, Cachanance, it is commonly known as "Madreado" in Honduras; Kakawate in
the Philippines; Madre Cacao or Madre de Cacao in the Philippines and Guatemala is a medium size
leguminous tree belonging to the family Fabaceae. It is considered as the second most important
multi-purpose legume tree, surpassed only by Leucaena leucocephala.
The tree is used in many tropical and sub-tropical countries for various purposes such as live
fencing, fodder, coffee shade, firewood, green manure and rat poison. Live fences can be grown from
1.5 m to 2.0 m stakes of Gliricidia sepium in just a month. Gliricidia can be intercropped with maize.
Its effect is that of a potent fertilizer.
The active substance in Kakawate is not a rapidly acting substance and needs repeated doses
for it to be effective. But unlike commercially prepared rat killers, it is less lethal in case of
accidents. Farmers who used Kakawate observed that when rats eat it, their hands stiffen and they get
bloated and die of hemorrhagic poison. After the bait was consumed it would take one to two days
before the farmers could find them dead on the fields.
Aside from its ability to kill rats, Kakawate is also a good insect repellant. It has same active
substance that could wipe out the insects alighting on farm animals. To do this, farmers would collect
the silky, young leaves of Kakawate, ground them and mixed them with water. The farm animal is
then applied with the resulting pasty cream.
Although kakawate proved to be an effective insect repellant and rat killer as many farmers
proved it, further research has not ensued to develop it. One huge reason is the immediate availability
of commercially manufactured insecticide and rodenticide in the market which would be likely more
preferred particularly in first world countries. But in third world country like the Philippines, such
knowledge is important and valuable. Imagine, farmers could now obtain rat poison and insect
repellant at no cost.
CHAPTER III
Methodology
Ingredients
250 g chili pepper
100 g alagaw leaves
100 g madre cacao leaves
6 onion bulbs
250 ml water
Materials
Electric Blender
Knife
Chopping Board
Piece of Cloth
Measuring Cup
Funnel
Sprayer
Procedure
1. Prepare all the materials and ingredients needed.
2. Wash and clean all the ingredients.

3. Cut chili pepper, alagaw leaves, madre cacao leaves and onion into small pieces.
4. Pour small amount of water in the blender. Add onion then blend.
5. Put chili pepper on the mixture and add small amount of water. Blend it for one minute.
6. Repeat procedure 5 but using alagaw leaves and madre cacao leaves.
7. With the use of clean cloth, extract the juice of the mixture.
8. Put the extracted juice in the sprayer.
9. The finished product is ready to use.
Duration:
It was proven and attested that this pesticide could last for 2-3 weeks, and since it undergo
fermentation the longer it lasts the more effective it become because of its obnoxious odor.
CHAPTER IV
Results, Conclusion and Recommendation
I. Results
Chili pepper, onion, madre cacao leaves and alagaw leaves extract can be used to produce an
eco friendly insecticide / pesticide. The ingredients are all natural because they are all derived from
plants.
II. Conclusion
The researchers concluded that the extracted chili pepper, onion, madre cacao leaves with
alagaw leaves can be used as an insecticide / pesticide.
III. Recommendation
The researchers recommend the use of this insecticide / pesticide because of its natural
ingredients. It is safe to use and easy to prepare.
CHAPTER V
References
http://www.bar.gov.ph/chronicle-home/archives-list/405-june-2003-issue/3072-kakawate-
and-its-many-uses
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gliricidia_sepium
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chili_pepper
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pepper_spray
www.google.com
Department of Education
Region III
Division of Pampanga
Lubao West District
SAN PABLO 2ND ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
Lubao
S.Y. 2014-2015
SCIENCE INVESTIGATORY
PROJECT
PEPPER AND MADRE CACAO
SPRAY
ANDREY B. LASCANO
PATRICIA JOYCE L. TOLENTINO
Researchers
CHARMAINE B. ADUBE
Teacher Coach
MA. RITA ALICIA S. ALIPIO
Principal III

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What is the objective of the study?

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CHAPTER I

III. Statement of the Problem

The five domesticated species of chili peppers are as follows:

Capsicum annuum, which includes many common varieties such as bell

Capsicum chinense, which includes the hottest peppers such as

Capsicum pubescens, which includes the South American rocoto peppers

Capsicum baccatum, which includes the South American aji peppers

2. Wash and clean all the ingredients.

MA. RITA ALICIA S. ALIPIO

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