FILE FORMAT

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

LOSSY

A compression technique that does not decompress digital data back

to 100% of the original. Lossy methods can provide high degrees of
compression and result in smaller compressed files, but some number
of the original pixels, sound waves or video frames are removed
forever. (Pcmagcom, 2016)

LOSSLESS AND LOSSLESS

COMPRESSION
A compression technique that does not decompress
digital data back to 100% of the original. Lossy methods
can provide high degrees of compression and result in
smaller compressed files, but some number of the
original pixels, sound waves or video frames are removed
forever. (Pcmagcom, 2016)
Lossless compression reduces a file's size with no loss of
quality.

FILE TYPES

BMP - Windows Bitmap

EPS - Encapsulated PostScript

GIF - Graphics Interchange Format
JPG - Joint Photographic Experts Group
PCT - Macintosh Picture
PCX - PC Paintbrush
PDF - Potable Document Format
PNG - Portable Network Graphics
PSD - Photoshop Document
TGA - Truevision Targa
TIF - Tagged Image File Format
WMF - Windows Metafile

BMP

The BMP format is both lossless and uncompressed. Adding to this,

BMP files are lossless even when it is compressed.

Bitmap files are ideal for the storing of scanning and the storing of real
world and complex images. The files will be large if the image contain
many colors.BMP files require a lot of memory since it is not
compressed.

BMP keeps color data for each pixel in the image and doesn't compress
images to decrease a file size. However, if compressing images in this
file format it can shrink the size of the pixel data which will result to a
slower upload time and possible distortion of image. BMP can be used
by various programs such as Adobe Photoshop, MS Paint and Microsoft
Photo Editor.

EPS
Encapsulated Post-Script files are lossless.
EPS files are stored in the PostScript language. Since PostScript is
intricate, a small amount of programs can display it on screen and it can
result in printing a document in order to few since you will be unable to
see a preview on the screen. However, there are EPS file viewers that are
standalone software for viewing EPS images.

EPS use a standard graphic format for interchanging drawings, logs on a

map and images( vector and bitmap images).
They are ideal for working with and saving original logo artwork.

ESP file format is generally converted to PNG, JPG or GIF for use on the
web.

GIF
GIF file formats are lossless form of compression. They support
transparency as well as animation.

Suitable areas that GIF file formats can be used are; drawing, icons,
thumbnails, sketches and diagrams.

Additionally, GIF is ideal for images with solid colors and text. Some
restricted areas for uses of the GIF file formats are; data with a huge
number of colors, files which demand a strong compression of the data
volume, as well as, photos with homogenous color changes.

High definition pictures are not suited for this format.

Image saved as GIF

Image by If.ufrgs.br

JPG
Joint Photographic Experts Group
JPG files are of lossy compression. There are different levels of JPG
compression; a higher quality which has little or no loss in image
quality and continuous tone originals, moderate quality and poor
quality which will is as a result of loss of detail and great compression.
JPEGs do not support transparency. Colossal compression ratios mean
faster download speeds.
JPEGs support 24-bits of color depth or 16.7 million colors. Image
contents with an easy structure (little amount of colors,
monochromatic areas and regular patterns) usher smaller files.

JPG file formats can be used for photographs and scanned photographs
but not suitable for cartoons that are simple, line drawings and flat
color lettering.

PCT
PCT format is lossless and is ideal for compressing images with big
amounts of solid colors. Due to compression, some of the quality may be
lost .If the image is scaled after it is saved as a PCT file, the quality of
the image will be affected. PCT files can be used in programs such as;
PowerPoint to film recorder, Canvas and FreeHand.
Two versions of the PICT format are available: PCT 1 and PCT 2. The
latter can store can store thousands of colors (24 and 32-bit images).

PCX
PCX files are lossless and compressed. The compression algorithm
takes little memory but it is not efficient when compressing real
world images.
PCX files are mainly used for an storage and exchange and storing
graphics with up to 256 colors. This format is not suited for the
stowing of deep-pixel images. PCX is sometimes referred to as the
PC Paintbrush format.
Compression and reduction depends on how many colors are used. If
images are complex, the PCX compression scheme will cause the
data to increase in size after compression. PCX files are organized
into three major sections which are: the header, the image data, and
the color palette

PDF
PDF file format is lossless in compression and no information is loss
during the process. This file format has the ability to compress large
files.
This file format is documents that include text, images, annotations,
forms multimedia elements and web page links.PDF takes little storage
space since it supports a variety of image compression algorithms.PDF
can be opened on any device with any operating system in the same form
in which it was birthed.

PNG
Portable Network Graphic files are lossless in that the compression does
not affect the quality of the image. All PNG images are compressed
using the DEFLATE scheme.PNG is one of the graphic formats that have
been designed for use on web pages.

PNG images are able to hold a brief text description of the image's
content. This will permit search engines to search for images based on
the embedded text descriptions. PNG support for a broad variety of pixel
depths, (1 bit to 16 bits per sample) PNG files are large and can be
difficult to share on the web.
PNG supports 24 bit images and can produce background transparency
and they work best with sharp edged art and flat colors.

PSD
PSD files are of lossless compression and permits to the saving images of
a high quality. PSD is file format used to create and edit images in Adobe
Photoshop. PSD supports Grayscale, Indexed Color and Bitmap.
PSD has the ability to save images in layers such as shapes and text so
that it can be edited and manipulation of an image at a later date.
PSD files are generally large due to the layers. The size of the files can be
reduced by cropping individual layers of an image but cropping limits the
ability to edit the image.

TGA
TGA (Truevision Graphics Adapter file format is of lossless compression and
there is no loss in the quality of the image. It can support color maps,
alpha channels, thumbnails and textual information.
TGA can be used to store deep pixel images, paint, and image manipulation
programs and deep pixel images. TGA supports color depths of up to 32
bits and are often used for animations, still-video editing and video games.
TGAs color depths are not suited for printing.

TIF
Tagged Image File Formats
TIFF is recognized as one of the oldest graphics formats. This format is
flexible in that it can support both lossy and lossless compression. On
the web, the TIF format can be used to create images in high resolution.

One of the features of this file format is its ability to support a wide
range of various compression and data types however, TIFF files do not
allow for more than 4 gigabyte of raster data.TIFF images use tags as
well as keywords when defining the characteristics of the image that is
included in the file. The files are large and take long to load.

TIFF can be used for the transmission of artwork but the file format falls
short on standardized support for advanced image features that were
developed over recent years.

A screenshot image of TIF image

(1stwebdesignercom, 2011)

WMF
WMF stands for Windows Metafile Format. This file format contains
information that describes another file.
The WMF file is basically a 16 bit format that stores vector and
bitmap-format image data with a list of instructions.

WMF files are used to store vector and bitmap-format image data in
memory or in disk files for later playback. The maximum size of a
Windows metafile is four gigabytes. If the metafile data is huge to be
stored in memory and needs to be saved before an application
terminates.

Comparison of files

Comparison of files

Comparison of files
JPG

PNG

JGP COMPRESSION VARIES

The photo below illustrates the different levels jpg
compression. (Highest to lowest)

REFERENCES
Awaresystemsbe. (2016). Aware Systems online. Retrieved 6 March, 2016, from
http://www.awaresystems.be/imaging/tiff/faq.html
Bricklincom.(2016).Bricklincom.Retrieved11 March, 2016,from http://
www.bricklin.com/webphotojournals/gifvsjpeg.htm
Gmuedu.(2016).Gmuedu.Retrieved9 March, 2016,from http://mason.gmu.edu/~acarrott/Graphic file
Format/giffiles1.html
Myformatfactorycom.(2016).Myformatfactorycom.Retrieved9 March, 2016,from
http://www.myformatfactory.com/PSD
Pcmagcom.(2016).Pcmagcom.Retrieved11 March, 2016,from http://
www.pcmag.com/encyclopedia/term/46335/lossy-compression
Saxoprintcouk.(2013).SAXOPRINT Blog UK.Retrieved13 March, 2016,from http://www.saxoprint.co.uk/blog/thejpeg-file-format/
Seeck. R,(2016).GIF Data Compression.Retrieved11 March, 2016,from http://
www.binaryessence.com/dct/en000201.htm
1stwebdesignercom.(2011).WordPress Web Design Tips And Tricks - 1stWebDesigner.Retrieved12 March,
2016,from http://1stwebdesigner.com/image-file-types/

MY CHOICE
I chose to save my data files for this presentation as GIF,
JPG and PNG file formats because these formats are
easily accessible and they are an appropriate choice for a
Powerpoint presentation.

REFERENCES

Wwwouedu.(2016).Wwwouedu.Retrieved2 February, 2016,from

https://
www.ou.edu/class/digitalmedia/articles/CompressionMethods_Gif_J
peg_PNG.html

Awaresystemsbe.(2016).Aware Systems online.Retrieved6

March, 2016,from
http://www.awaresystems.be/imaging/tiff/faq.html