Adavisomanal and 30 Villages

Jal NIrmal Project

Design of Slow sand filter

Adavisomanal & 30 Villages
As per CPHEEO manual clause the economical cost design of slow sand filter to be adopted
Total quantity of water per day to be treated

3600

Cum / day

Since slow sand filters work for 24 hrs a day the quantity to be filter per hour
=

3600
24

150

Cum / per hour

The rate of filtration for slow sand varies between

0.1
M to
0.2
sedimentation process followed by Raw water storage tank (3 hrs - storage) has been provided,
the rate of filtration in this can be adopted
0.150
M / hr.
=

Therefore, The area of slow sand filter

bed requirement

150
0.150

1000

per hour. Since

Sqm

As per CPHEEO manual

6 Nos of filter beds are to be provided.
As per economical cost design (page - 241)
l2 =
n
b

2A
+

(n

1)

Where
l
=
b
=
A
=
n
=

2n
A

As surface works out Less than 1200 Sqm.

As per CPHEEO manual, number filter beds required is

Therefore,
l

2
8

x
+

l =
Say =
Therefore, A =
1000
b =
b =
Say b

Detalied Scheme Report

Length of wall
breadth of wall
Total surface area of filter bed
Nos of filter beds

But provide

8 Nos.

b
1000

2000
=
9
14.90711985
15.00
8
x
l
=

222.22222222

M
x

x
15.00
1000
15
x
8
8.3333333333
8.5
M

b
x

Niketan Consultants

Adavisomanal and 30 Villages

Jal NIrmal Project

Therefore,Area provided is
15.00
x
8.5
Therefore, Each bed will have Length
breadth
=
8.5

Surface area of each bed

m
=

No of Beds
M

Total Surface area of

8
15

127.5

bed

Sqm
127.5

1020

>

1000 Sqm

Hence Ok
Cheak for Over loading
Let us assume
1 Filter bed is Washed at a time
Filteration capacity of each filter

=
15

150
8.5

= 0.2 Cum /hr

= .2 Cum /hr

Hence Ok
The schematic lay out of slow sand filter bed be as under
Design of Filter Bed

Let filter bed be as under with over all depth of filter bed =

2.70 mt

0.20mt Free board

1.0mt supernatant water

2.7

1.0mt Initial loading of filter Sand

0.40 mt Gravel

0.10 mt Under drain

Sand Spcification
Size of sand

= 0.2- 0.3 mm

Uniformity co-eff =

Graval Spcificat = 5.0 layers (0.4 m)

Size of garval

= 2.0 mm 40 mm

Size of garval i

= 2.0

5 10

depth in mm

= 80

80

Detalied Scheme Report

20

40

80 80

80

Niketan Consultants

Adavisomanal and 30 Villages

Jal NIrmal Project

Design of under Drain

Area of each filter

15.00 x

8.5

ratio of area of perforation to area of filter

Provide area of perforation

127.5

Sq Mts

0.15% to 0.3 %

= 0.15 / 100 x 127.5

=

0.19125

Sqm

1912.5 Sqcm

Ratio of total perforation to total C/S area of latral

for perforation of 12 mm

= 2 to 1 % cross sectional area

Total Cross sectional area of latrals

=
=

Area of central manifold

1.5

1.5

1913

2868.8 Sqcmt

2868.75

4303.125 Sqcmt

Cross section of center manifold with depth of 100 cmt

therefore width of central manifold

4303 Cm

Provide central manifold of 60 cmt depth ,75 cmt wide

Design of Lateral:Assuming 63 mm dia of PVC cmt latral
Now internal Dia of 63 mm dia PVC Pipe =
No. of Laterals =

58.1 mm

Total Area of laterls

C/S Area of one Lateral
=

28.6875

110 Nos.

0.785x0.05812
Spacing of Laterals=

15

55
Length of Laterals on each side =

0.273 m
Say

250mm C/C

Width of filter bed - Width of Manifold

2
=

8.5 -

0.75

3.875m

2
Which is Less Than 3.78(60x.063=3.78m)

Hence Ok

Design of Orifice:Area of Orifice =

0.2

15

8.5

100
=

0.19125

Sqm

Adopting Spacing Of 18 cm C/C

Total Area of Orifice on each Laterals =

3.875

=
No. of Orifice = 0.1913
110
Diameter of Orifice d=

0.19125

100

387.5 Cm

100 x
x

100

9 Nos.

2
x

0.49 Cm

3.142

Detalied Scheme Report

Niketan Consultants

Adavisomanal and 30 Villages

Jal NIrmal Project

Thus provide 9mm Orifice at 180 mm C/C

Detalied Scheme Report

Niketan Consultants

Adavisomanal And 30 Villages

Jal Nirmal Project

Design Of Sedimentation tank

Total demand
With 20 hrs pumping

=
=
=

Detention provide =

3600 Cum/Day
180 Cum/Day
3

Hrs

Capacity Sedimentation Tank =

3X

180

= 540 Cum

If two units provided

capacity of each unit

540
2

= 270

Cum

with average water depth in tank as 3.0 mts, Surface area of tank

270
3

= 90

Sqm

Length to Width ratio is 1 : 3 =

3B2
= 90 Sqm
B
=
5.48
Say
5.5 M
L = 3 x 5.50 = 16.5Mts
So, Provide 16.5 Mts X 5.5 Mts of each unit
Total Area Provided = 90.75 Sqm > 90 Sqm Ok
Total area provided = 2 (16.5 x 5.5 x 3.0) = 544.5cum > 540 Cum
Hence, OK
16.5 Mts

Unit 1
5.5 Mts

Unit 2

5.5 Mts

16.5 Mts

Check for Surface loading =

3600
90.75 x 2.0

19.840

Cum/Sqm/Day

<

36 Cum/Sqm/Day

Hence Ok
Overall Depth of each Unit with 3.0 mts standing water depth (SWD)

=
=

3 + 0.3 0 (FB) + 0.3 (Sluddge) +

3.6 Mts

Inlet And out let Weir

Inlet weir (Influent channel with bottom openings )
keeping velocity of water in channel

0.3 m/sec

and keeping width of channel as

For discharge of 180 Cum/hr i.e.

Depth of channel in each unit

1/2 x

With FB of 20 cmt , total depth of weir be =

Detailed Scheme Report

0.3 m
0.05 Cum/sec
0.05
0.3 x 0.3
50 cmt

=
0.28 Mts
Say 30 cmt

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Adavisomanal And 30 Villages

Jal Nirmal Project

The cross section of Influent channel =

0.3x
0.3 m
Check for weir loading Length of wier in eah unit =
5.5 Mts
Flow per unit per day = 3600 /2 =
180 Cum /hr
Therefore weir loading = 1800/ 5.5 = 327.27 cum / mt /day
Between 100 -300 cum /mt / day
As it ismore 300Cum/m/ day Let us incrseth length of weir to
6.5 m
Now The Modified dimension for the Sedimentation Tank is
Length of Sedimentation Tank =
Area of C/s
90
13.846
=
=
Breadth
6.5
Say
14 M
Check for weir loading Length of wier in eah unit =
6.5m
Flow per unit per day = 3600 /2 =
180 Cum/hr
Therefore weir loading = 1800/ 6.5 = 276.93 cum / mt /day
Between 100 -300 cum /mt / day
Hence Ok
3600
Check for Surface loading =
=
19.780
Cum/Sqm/Day
<
36 Cum/Sqm/Day
91 x 2.0
Hence Ok
Thus the Final Dimension Are =
2 Sets
14 m
x 6.5m
14.0 Mts
6.5 Mts

6.5 Mts
14.0 Mts

Bottom floor slope 1 : 12

For Sludge removal, let is divide the Box Slab in each tank into 2 halves longitudinally and slope be provided
in word to make into to two hopper of 30 x 30 m in the center and sludge removed by by sludge pipe. To economies
construction cost, let the tanks be constructed back to back longitudinally to ensure equal flow into sedimentation tank a
distribution box with rectangular weir and flush type inlet valve to each tank.

For uniform dispersal of flow of water provide perforated baffle wall in front of inlet pipe at 1.2 M away
from the wall.

Hydraulic Design of baffle wall

Flow in each Tank = 180 Cum/hr = 0.05 Cum/Sec
Velocity of Flow of flow of water for dispersal = 0.15 /Sec
Area of opening required in baffle wall =

0.15

= 0.333 Sqm

3
0.15
Opening below baffle wall for movement of sludge and water, provided 45
cm considering sludge deposit of 25 cm before flushed one.
Therefore opening available below for flow of water (45-25)_ 20 Cm
The baffle wall is supported over 20 x 20 Cm columns 3 Nos.
Hence length of opening available
Area of opening available

= 6.25 - (0.2x3)
=
5.65 M
5.65 x 0.2 = 1.13 Sqm.

Hence bottom opening adequate.

But to make proper dispersal at higher level

Detailed Scheme Report

Niketan Consultants

Adavisomanal And 30 Villages

Jal Nirmal Project

Let us provide 15 x 15 Cm Square opening in the wall as under.

Detailed Scheme Report

Niketan Consultants

Adavisomanal and 30 Villages

Jal Nirmal Project

Design of Pipe from Raw Water Sump To Distribution Box

No. of Filter Beds=
8 Nos
Qty of water to be Treated= 150 Cum/Hr
Qty of water to be Treated by pipe=
150 Cum/Hr
0.04167 Cum/Sec
=
Assuming the Velocity of flow In the pipe as=
0.5 M/sec
Dia of pipe=
0.04167
x
4
0.5
x 3.142
0.3257
=
Provide
250 mm Dia CI Pipe
Now, Velocity in pipe
V=Q/A
V=
0.04167
0.785
X
0.25 X
0.25
0.85
M/sec
=
Hence Ok
Calculation Of Head Losses in pipe:
Length of pipe=
30 m
Hazen Willam Constant=
100
Area of Cross Section in pipe A=
3.142 X
250 X
250 =
4
Wetted perimeter =
3.142
x
250
785.5
mm
=
Hydraulic Mean Radius r =
62.5
mm
0.0625
m
=
Now, Accroding to Hazen Willams Formula
V= Q/A=0.854XCX r.63xS0.54
0.85
0.854
x
100
x
=
S
0.00498
m/m
=
Frictional Losses=
0.164 m
Out let RL at Raw water Sump=
595.2 M
inlet RL at Distribution Chamber=
595.036 M

49094 mm2

0.63

0.0625

0.54

Design Of interconnecting From Distribution tank(Inlet Equidistrbution Retangular Weir) For Slow sand Filters
Since Separate pipes Are Tobe Give From Distribution Tank to SSF
Dischage In each Filter=
0.00521
Cum/Sec
Assuming the Velocity of flow In the pipe as=
0.5 M/sec
Dia of pipe=
0.00521
x
4
0.5
x 3.142
0.1152
=
Provide
100
mm Dia CI Pipe
Now, Velocity in pipe
V=Q/A
V=
0.00521
0.785
X
0.1 X
0.1
0.66
=
Hence Ok
Calculation Of Head Losses in pipe:
For SSF 1,SSF 4 on either side
Length of pipe=
30 m
Hazen Willam Constant=
100
Area of Cross Section in pipe A=
3.142 X
100 X
100 =
7855 mm2
4
Wetted perimeter =
3.142
x
100
314.2
mm
=
Hydraulic Mean Radius r =
25
mm
0.025
m
=
V= Q/A=0.854XCX r.63xS0.54
Now, Accroding to Hazen Willams Formula
0.63
0.54
0.66
0.854
x
100
x
0.025
x
S
=
S
0.00498
m/m
=
Frictional Losses=
0.16434 m
Out let RL at Distribution Box=
595.03 M
inlet RL at Distribution Chamber=
594.86566 M

Detailed Scheme Report

Niketan Consultants

Adavisomanal and 30 Villages

Jal Nirmal Project

For SSF 2,SSF 3 on either side

Length of pipe=
15 m
Hazen Willam Constant=
Area of Cross Section in pipe A=

100
3.142 X

100 X

100

4
Wetted perimeter =
3.142
x
100
314.2
mm
=
Hydraulic Mean Radius r =
25
mm
0.025
m
=
Now, Accroding to Hazen Willams Formula
V= Q/A=0.854XCX r.63xS0.54
M
0.854
x
100
x
=
S
0.00498
m/m
=
Frictional Losses=
0.08217 m
Out let RL at Distribution Box=
595.03 M
inlet RL at Distribution Chamber=
594.948 M

7855 mm2

0.63

0.025

0.54

Design Of interconnecting From Slow sand Filters Out let to Rure Water Sump
One of Slow Sand Filter =
8 Nos.
Qty of water to be Treated=
143.75
Cum/Hr
Qty of water to be Treated by each pipe=
17.9688 Cum/Hr
0.00499 Cum/Sec
=
a. From SSF 1 to Junction SSF2
Since pipes Are inter connceted from SSF 1 to SSF2
Discharge in pipe =
0.0049913 Cum/Sec
Assuming the Velocity of flow In the pipe as=
0.5 M/sec
Dia of pipe=
0.00499
x
4
0.5
x 3.142
0.1127
=
Provide
100 mm Dia CI Pipe
Now, Velocity in pipe
V=Q/A
V=
0.00499
0.785
X
0.1 X
0.1
0.636
M/sec
=
Hence Ok
Calculation Of Head Losses in pipe:
Length of pipe=
15 m
Hazen Willam Constant=
Area of Cross Section in pipe A=

100
3.142 X

100 X

100

4
Wetted perimeter =
3.142
x
100
314.2
mm
=
Hydraulic Mean Radius r =
25
mm
0.025
m
=
.63
0.54
Now, Accroding to Hazen Willams Formula
V= Q/A=0.854XCX r xS
0.64
0.854
x
100
x
=
S
0.00498
m/m
=
Frictional Losses=
0.08217 m
Out let RL at Slow Sand Filter =
593.88 M
RL at Outlet of SSF 2 =
593.798 M

b. From SSF 2 to Junction SSF3

Since pipes Are inter connceted from SSF 2to SSF3
Discharge in pipe =
0.0099826 Cum/Sec
Assuming the Velocity of flow In the pipe as=
Dia of pipe=
=

Detailed Scheme Report

0.5 M/sec
0.00998
0.5
0.1594

x
x

7855 mm2

0.63

0.025

0.54

4
3.142

Niketan Consultants

Adavisomanal and 30 Villages

Jal Nirmal Project

Provide
150 mm Dia CI Pipe
Now, Velocity in pipe
V=Q/A
V=
=

0.00998
0.785
X
0.15
0.565
M/sec
Hence Ok

0.15

Calculation Of Head Losses in pipe:

Length of pipe=
15 m
Hazen Willam Constant=
Area of Cross Section in pipe A=

100
3.142 X

150 X

150

4
Wetted perimeter =
3.142
x
150
471.3
mm
=
Hydraulic Mean Radius r =
37.5
mm
0.0375
m
=
.63
0.54
Now, Accroding to Hazen Willams Formula
V= Q/A=0.854XCX r xS
0.57
0.854
x
100
x
=
S
0.00498
m/m
=
Frictional Losses=
0.08217 m
RL at Outlet of SSF 2 =
593.798 M
RL at Outlet of SSF 3=
593.716 M
c. From SSF 3 to Junction SSF4
Since pipes Are inter connceted from SSF3 to SSF4
Discharge in pipe =
0.014974 Cum/Sec
Assuming the Velocity of flow In the pipe as=
Dia of pipe=
=

0.5 M/sec
0.01497
0.5
0.1953

x
x

4
3.142

0.15

17674 mm2

0.63

0.0375

0.54

Provide
150 mm Dia CI Pipe
Now, Velocity in pipe
V=Q/A
V=
=

0.01497
0.785
X
0.15
0.848
M/sec
Hence Ok

Calculation Of Head Losses in pipe:

Length of pipe=
30 m
Hazen Willam Constant=
Area of Cross Section in pipe A=

100
3.142 X

150 X

150

4
Wetted perimeter =
3.142
x
150
471.3
mm
=
Hydraulic Mean Radius r =
37.5
mm
0.0375
m
=
.63
0.54
Now, Accroding to Hazen Willams Formula
V= Q/A=0.854XCX r xS
0.85
0.854
x
100
x
=
S
0.00498
m/m
=
Frictional Losses=
0.16434 m
Out let RL at Raw water Sump=
593.716 M
inlet RL at Distribution Chamber=
593.551 M

Detailed Scheme Report

17674 mm2

0.63

0.0375

0.54

Niketan Consultants

Adavisomanal and 30 Villages

Jal Nirmal Project

d. From SSF 4 to pure Water Sump

Since pipes Are inter connceted from SSF3 to SSF4
Discharge in pipe =
0.0199653 Cum/Sec
Assuming the Velocity of flow In the pipe as=
Dia of pipe=
=

0.5 M/sec
0.01997
0.5
0.2255

x
x

4
3.142

0.2

Provide
200 mm Dia CI Pipe
Now, Velocity in pipe
V=Q/A
V=
=

0.01997
0.785
X
0.2
0.636
M/sec
Hence Ok

Calculation Of Head Losses in pipe:

Length of pipe=
30 m
Hazen Willam Constant=
Area of Cross Section in pipe A=

100
3.142 X

200 X

200

4
Wetted perimeter =
3.142
x
200
628.4
mm
=
Hydraulic Mean Radius r =
50
mm
0.05
m
=
.63
0.54
V= Q/A=0.854XCX r xS
Now, Accroding to Hazen Willams Formula
0.64
0.854
x
100
x
=
S
0.00498
m/m
=
Frictional Losses=
0.16434 m
RL at Outlet of SSF 3 =
593.551 M
RL at inlet Level of Sump =
593.387 M

Detailed Scheme Report

31420 mm2

0.63

0.05

0.54

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