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LED Signal

This document discusses LED signals used in Indian Railways. It begins by explaining what LEDs are and their internal structure. It then discusses the components of an LED signal system including the fuse, lamp checking relay, health monitoring unit, universal current regulator and LED signal unit. The document compares LED signals to traditional filament lamps and lists the advantages of LEDs such as long life and better visibility. It also discusses how to replace existing filament lamp signals with LED units. In summary, the document provides an overview of LED signal technology used in Indian Railways, its components, advantages over filament lamps, and the process for replacing existing signals with LED units.

Uploaded by

Jatin Parmar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
297 views

LED Signal

This document discusses LED signals used in Indian Railways. It begins by explaining what LEDs are and their internal structure. It then discusses the components of an LED signal system including the fuse, lamp checking relay, health monitoring unit, universal current regulator and LED signal unit. The document compares LED signals to traditional filament lamps and lists the advantages of LEDs such as long life and better visibility. It also discusses how to replace existing filament lamp signals with LED units. In summary, the document provides an overview of LED signal technology used in Indian Railways, its components, advantages over filament lamps, and the process for replacing existing signals with LED units.

Uploaded by

Jatin Parmar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LED SIGNALS

IN
INDIAN
RAILWAYS

WHAT IS LED?
IT IS A DIODE WHICH EMITS LIGHT
OF REQUIRE COLOUR WHEN
FORWARD BIASED.

INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF
LED

DOPING MATERIAL, WAVELENGTH AND


OPERATING VOLTAGE FOR COLOUR
EMITTED BY LED
Colour

RED

Yellow

Green

Wavelength

610 < < 760

570 < < 590

500 < < 570

Voltage

Semiconductor Material

1.63 < V <


2.03

Aluminium gallium arsenide (AlGaAs)


Gallium arsenide phosphide (GaAsP)
Aluminium gallium indium phosphate
(AlGaInP)
Gallium(III) phosphide (GaP)

2.10 < V <


2.18

Gallium arsenide phosphide (GaAsP)


Aluminium gallium indium phosphide
(AlGaInP)
Gallium(III) phosphide (GaP)

1.9[< V < 4.0

(AlGaP) Indium gallium nitride (InGaN) /


Gallium(III) nitride (GaN)
Gallium(III) phosphide (GaP)
Aluminium gallium indium phosphide
(AlGaInP)
Aluminium gallium phosphide

WHAT IS LED SIGNALS?


IT IS REPLACEMENT FOR
FILAMENT LAMP WITH LOT OF
ADVANTAGES OVER DRAWBACK
OF FILAMENT LAMP
Aspect control circuit with LED signal
arrangement
Relay room
MOTHER
UNDER
CLS
BOARD &
GROUND
Fuse 0.63
Unit
HMU CARD
CABLE
AC I/P

Amp

##

BX110 V AC

ECR

NX110 V
AC
OTHER
SELECTION

DC I/P

UNIVERSAL
CURRENT
REGULATOR

LED SIGNAL
UNIT

Comparison between filament lamp &


LED circuit
Aspect control circuit arrangement with filament lamp &
LED signal
RELAY
ROOM

Fuse 0.63 /2
Amp

BX110 V AC

UNDER
GROUND
CABLE

CLS
UNIT

ECR

NX110 V OTHER SELECTION


AC
MOTHER
BOARD &
HMU CARD

Fuse 0.63
Amp

##

BX110 V AC

AC I/P

ECR

NX110 V
AC
OTHER
SELECTION

DC I/P

UNIVERSAL
CURRENT
REGULATOR

LED SIGNAL
UNIT

ADVANTAGES OF LED SIGNALS

Long life 1,00,000 hours .


Pre-focused.
Better visibility .
Very good short view .
No focusing on curved track.
Same type of ECR for all aspect and signal.
No phantom effect .

DISADVANTAGES OF LED
SIGNALS
Colour of LED change according to
temperature and supply voltage.
Its intensity of light is high which
affect the sight of the driver.

NO PHANTOM
EFFECT

Signal with
LED lamp &
door open

Signal with
Filament lamp
& door open

WHETHER LED EMITS NOMINATED


COLOUR ONLY?

A good quality LED emits


nominated colour only.
There is very remote possibility
that it may emits wrong colour if
biased current changes.

COMPONENT OF LED SIGNAL


FUSE
LAMP CHECKING RELAY (ECR)
HEALTH MONITORING UNIT (HMU)
UNIVERSAL CURRENT
REGULATOR
LED SIGNAL UNIT

COMPONENT OF LED SIGNAL

Fuse

Health monitoring
unit

Lamp checking

LED signal lighting


unit

Universal current

FUSE TO BE USED WITH LED SIGNALS


Fuse shall be 0.63 Amps capacity.
Whether fuse of 0.63 capacity is
available in ND type open fuse?

ND type open
fuse

G type closed
fuse

HEALTH MONITORING UNIT

Front View

Rear View

RELAY COMPATIBLE WITH LED


SIGNALS
Any type of relay recommended (metal to
carbon/ metal to metal )by Railway board can be
use
There is a recommended ECR for LED signal
The selection of jumper on the UCR shall be as
per ECR used.

RELAYS TO USED WITH LED SIGNALS


Suitability with LED
signal

Sr
No Type of ECR
b
ON-Metal to
Metal
OFF-Metal to
Metal

Make

LED AC
ECR-Metal to
carbon
LED DC
ECR-Metal to
carbon
Conventional
ECR

C- Rou Shu
ON te
nt

M/s ABB

YES YES

M/s Siemens

YES YES

M/s
CGL
ON-Metal to
Carbon

Mai
n

Compan
y code
QECX5
1
HRC-1
YES YES YES YES

M/s
HMCR-1
Hytronic
s

QECX6
1

P-up & DA current

Relay Contacts

180&110 ma

3F/3B

145&62ma

3F/3B front 2,12,13


& back 3,4 ,14

180&110 ma

4F/B, front A1/A2 to


D1/D2
Back A3/A4 toD3/D4

180&110 ma

108/110ma

YES YES YES YES

108 & 72 ma

YES YES YES YES

80 &55ma

QECR2
-

4F/B ,front A1/A2 to


D1/D2
Back A3/A4 toD3/D4
3F/3B ,Front
A1/A2,D1/D2 &
D3/D4
Back A3/A4, A5/A6
&D5/D6
4F/B , front A1/A2 to
D1/D2
Back A3/A4 toD3/D4
4F/B , front A1/A2 to
D1/D2
Back A3/A4 toD3/D4

Rest conventional ECR are not suitable for LED signal


Reference RDSO Latter Nob .STS/E EL-LED Dated 02.06.2006

COMPONENT OF LED SIGNAL LIGHTING


UNIT

Quality
LEDs

Sensor
s

Polycarbonet
Dom

Power
supply
socket

Feed back
socket

INPUT POWER SUPPLY, OUT PUT & FUNCTIONS

Input to all type of LED signal unit is 25% of


110 volts DC and AC.
Input to LED signal unit for main aspect is taken
from O/P of current regulator.
O/P is beam nominated colour (110 Lux for OFF
aspect & 120 Lux for ON aspect).
Also gives feed back about light O/P to current
regulator if sensors are provided.

INPUT POWER SUPPLY, OUT PUT & FUNCTIONS


AC Immunity

Sr No

LED signal unit

RED
1

Main
runni
ng
signal

YELLOW
GREEN

Directional route
indicator

Calling ON signal

Shunt signal

Function

gives out red


Optical
light beam
output
Feedback
gives out
to current
yellow light
regulator (
beam
if sensors
gives out
are
green light
provided
beam
gives out lunar white
light beam
gives out yellow light
beam
gives out lunar white
light beam

In put &
connectio
n

Out put

Minimu
m
Visibilit AC I/P DC
I/P
y

120 lux
DC &
appro.
125% of
Input of
current
regulator
& current
regulation
2% &
Direct

-15% +25%

600Mts

AC
noise
300
immuni volts
-15% +25%
ty 60
AC
50 lux -15%
400Mts Volts
+25%
50 lux -15%
+25%
200Mts
30 lux -15%
+25%
110 lux

LED SIGNAL UNIT FOR MAIN SIGNALS


ON ASPECT RED
GREEN

FRONT VIEW
OFF ASPECT YELLOW OFF ASPECT

REAR VIEW

WHETHER LED SIGNALS ARE AVAILABLE


FOR MAIN SIGNAL ONLY ?

LED SIGNAL UNIT


FOR ROUTE
INDICATOR

LED SIGNAL UNIT


FOR SHUNT
SIGNAL

LED SIGNAL UNIT


FOR CALLING ON
SIGNAL

WHETHER LED LIGHTING UNIT IS FOR MAIN SIGNAL


ONLY?
LED SIGNAL UNIT FOR SUBSIDIARY SIGNALS
FRONT VIEW
CALLING ON SIGNAL
ROUTE INDICATOR
SHUNT SIGNAL

REAR VIEW

I/P POWER SUPPLY, O/P OF CURRENT


UNIVERSAL REGULATOR

Placed inside CLS unit.


I/P 110 20 volts AC/DC.
O/P 125% of I/P & always DC.
O/P Current regulation 2 %.

I/P POWER SUPPLY, O/P & FUNCTIONS OF


CURRENT UNIVERSAL REGULATOR
Sr
No

Universal current
regulator for

In put per unit


current

volts

Out put

Function

Separate AC 125 ma
Main running
fixed in
5%
Supply
constant
signal
CLS unit DC 105 ma
regulate current to
5%
LED SIGNAL UNIT
DC
AC 25 ma
Scope for adjustment
approxim
Directional
5%
of circuit current to
ate
route indicator
DC 23 ma AC/DC
suite pick up current
125%
of
5%
110
of ECR
I/P &
AC 125 ma VOLTS current Scope for adjustment
20%
to suite cascaded and
Calling ON
5%
regulation
Inbuilt
non-cascaded aspect
signal
DC 105 ma
margin
control circuit.
5%
2%
Regulates current as
AC 125 ma
per feedback from
5%
Shunt signal
LED signal unit
DC 105 ma
5%

Note parameter as per specification RDSO/SPN/153/2002

I/P POWER SUPPLY, O/P & FUNCTIONS OF


CURRENT UNIVERSAL REGULATOR
Sr
No

Universal current
regulator for
Separat
e fixed
in CLS
unit

In put per unit


current

volts

AC 140 ma
+10,-20 (rms)
DC 125 ma
+10,-20 (rms)

AC/DC
110
VOLTS
25%

Main
running
signal

Directional
route
indicator

AC 25 ma 5%
DC 23 ma 5%

Calling ON
signal

AC 150 ma
+10,-20 (rms
AC 125 ma
+10,-20 (rms

Shunt signal

Inbuilt

AC 55 ma 5%
DC 50ma 5%

Out put

Function

Supply
constant
regulate current to
LED SIGNAL UNIT
DC
Scope for adjustment
approxim
of circuit current to
ate
suite pick up current
125% of
of ECR
I/P &
AC/DC
Scope for adjustment
current
110
to suite cascaded and
VOLTS regulation
non-cascaded aspect
margin
20%
control circuit.
2%
Regulates current as
per feedback from
LED signal unit

Note parameter as per specification RDSO/SPN/153/2004


effective from 1.1.2007

PARTS TO BE REMOVED IN SIDE THE CLS


LIGHTING UNIT
Transformer 110/12
Volts 40 VA
MECR (If provided )
Signal lighting unit
Inner colour lens
Outer Clear lens
Lamp holder
Lamp
Clamp

PROVISION OF LED SIGNAL IN EXISTING FILAMENT LAMP CLS

OUTDOOR ARRANGEMENT
Items to be removed from CLS unit:
CLS Transformer & Lamp
MECR (if provided)
Lamp holder & clamp assembly
inner & Outer lens

Items to be fitted:
Current Regulator
LED light unit

PROVISION OF LED SIGNAL IN EXISTING FILAMENT LAMP CLS

INDOOR ARRANGEMENT
Items to be removed/add from Relay
room:
Check 110 AC fuse, shall be 0.6 Amps
ECR, if it is not as per RB guide lines
If required Aspect monitoring card per
Aspect of HMU

PARTS TO BE REMOVED IN SIDE THE CLS


LIGHTING UNIT

Signal
lighting unit

PARTS TO BE REMOVED IN SIDE THE CLS


LIGHTING UNIT

Signal
transformer

MECR

Inner colour
& outer clear

Lamp,
holder &

FIXING OF LED SIGNAL UNIT &


UNIVERSAL CURRENT REGULATOR

CHECKS- DURING REPLACEMENT LED SIGNAL IN EXISTING FILAMENT LAMP CLS

Fuse of Aspect control circuit shall be 0.63 amps.


Existing ECR & shall be as RB guidelines.
Make the jumper settings on UCR & HMU to suite
ECR.
The availability/non-availability of cascading in
Aspect control ckt.
Make the jumper setting (blanking/non-blanking)
on UCR accordingly.
Check whether HMU is in circuit OR bypass mode.

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