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    Pneumatic Control Valves

    Uploaded by

    patil_raaj7234
    This document provides information about various types of valves used in industrial processes, including their components and functions. It discusses gate valves, globe valves, plug valves, butterfly valves, check valves, and safety valves. The key types are defined as starting and stopping flow (gate valves), regulating flow (globe valves), preventing backflow (check valves), and relieving pressure (safety valves). Components like the bonnet, stem, disc and seat are identified. Procedures for stroking and bench setting valves are referenced. Hazards of working on air operated valves are also listed.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Pneumatic Control Valves

    Uploaded by

    patil_raaj7234
    144 views59 pages
    This document provides information about various types of valves used in industrial processes, including their components and functions. It discusses gate valves, globe valves, plug valves, butterfly valves, check valves, and safety valves. The key types are defined as starting and stopping flow (gate valves), regulating flow (globe valves), preventing backflow (check valves), and relieving pressure (safety valves). Components like the bonnet, stem, disc and seat are identified. Procedures for stroking and bench setting valves are referenced. Hazards of working on air operated valves are also listed.

    Original Description:

    Pneumatic Valves

    Original Title

    219469581 Pneumatic Control Valves

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    This document provides information about various types of valves used in industrial processes, including their components and functions. It discusses gate valves, globe valves, plug valves, butterfly valves, check valves, and safety valves. The key types are defined as starting and stopping flow (gate valves), regulating flow (globe valves), preventing backflow (check valves), and relieving pressure (safety valves). Components like the bonnet, stem, disc and seat are identified. Procedures for stroking and bench setting valves are referenced. Hazards of working on air operated valves are also listed.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    144 views59 pages

    Pneumatic Control Valves

    Uploaded by

    patil_raaj7234
    This document provides information about various types of valves used in industrial processes, including their components and functions. It discusses gate valves, globe valves, plug valves, butterfly valves, check valves, and safety valves. The key types are defined as starting and stopping flow (gate valves), regulating flow (globe valves), preventing backflow (check valves), and relieving pressure (safety valves). Components like the bonnet, stem, disc and seat are identified. Procedures for stroking and bench setting valves are referenced. Hazards of working on air operated valves are also listed.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 59
    At a glance
    Powered by AI
    The document discusses different types of valves, their functions, components, and procedures for calibration and testing.

    The four main functions of valves are: starting and stopping flow, regulating or throttling flow, preventing backflow, and relieving pressure.

    The three major parts of an air operated valve are: the valve actuator, positioner, and pneumatic supply.

    ACADs (08-006) Covered

    1.3.1.7

    1.3.9.2

    2.1.6.1

    5.2.1.1
    0

    5.4.1.4

    5.4.3.5

    2.1.6.2

    2.1.6.4. 2.1.7.1

    2.1.7.2

    2.1.7.6

    Keywords
    Gate, ball, butterfly, diaphragm, globe, regulate, throttle, back flow, relief,
    check valve, actuator, positioner, limit switch, bench set, valve stroke,
    positive seat.
    Description
    Supporting Material

    Motor Operated Valves


    Air Operated Valves

    Gate Valves

    Instrumentation
    &
    Plug Valves Controls

    AOV Group
    Butterfly
    Valves

    Pneumatic Control Valves


    Motor Operated Valve Group

    Globe Valves

    Check Valves

    Mechanical

    Electrical
    Manual Valves

    Prevent Events / Hazard


    Awareness for Air Operated Valves
    Hazards include:

    Highly loaded springs, missile hazards


    Heavy parts, rigging issues
    Pinch points created by moving equipment
    Pneumatic loads
    Chemicals
    System pressure and heat
    Noisy, dirty and poorly lit work environments
    System interactions
    Configuration control
    Tagging issues

    Standards & Expectations


    Procedure Use & Adherence

    Four principles functions of valves.

    Starting & Stopping


    Gate Valves are the type best suited
    for this purpose. When open gate
    Valves permit fluid to move in a
    straight line through the Valve with a
    minimum restriction of flow and loss
    of pressure.

    Regulating or Throttling
    Flow
    MAXIMUM

    80

    Globe Valves. The Disc construction of


    a globe valve permits closer regulation.

    Preventing Back Flow

    Check Valves perform the single function of


    preventing flow in one direction. Positive flow
    keeps these valves open, and reverse flow
    closes the check automatically.

    Relieving Pressure

    Exit

    Safety or Relief Valves. They are usually


    spring loaded valves which open
    automatically when pressure exceeds a set
    limit.

    Types of valves

    Globe Valves
    Gate Valves
    Plug valves
    Check valves
    Needle Valves
    Ball Valves
    Butterfly Valve

    Open and Close


    Designed to regulate and throttle

    SEATING IS PARALLEL TO LINE OF FLOW. SEAT AND DISC

    Solid Wedge Disc

    Split Wedge Disc

    Allows flow in one direction only.


    Automatic in operation.

    Most Popular design


    Very little
    resistance to
    flow.

    Not
    recommended
    were reversal
    of flow is
    frequent.

    Used where pressure drop is prime importance .

    Valve Components
    Controls the movements
    of the disc.
    Support element
    connection
    between bonnet
    Compresses
    and handwheel.
    packing..
    The location for
    packing to be
    Upper part of valve.
    placed.
    Directs
    flow,
    and
    Support
    for,
    yoke
    attachment
    component
    actuator,
    handwheel,
    to system
    etc..
    Body
    to bonnet seal.

    Gland
    Flange/
    Packing
    Follower
    Backseat
    Stem

    Gland Flange is a
    one piece unit used
    to compress
    The area where
    packing.
    disc/wedge closes
    Follower consists
    ontwo
    theseparate
    valve body
    of
    pieces.
    to stop or reduce
    Bolted
    flow. or threaded.

    Handwheel
    Yoke bushing
    Yoke
    or stem nut
    Gland
    Seal between the stuffing
    Stuffing
    Box
    box and
    stem.
    Transfer
    motion
    of Handwheel
    Bonnet
    Provides
    a seal
    between theto
    stem
    the disc.
    and bonnet. Keeps pressure off
    Attached
    to disc
    Split
    Joint
    Gasket
    packing
    whenby:
    valve
    is open.
    Body Threaded
    One piece
    Pins/cotter
    Wedge/Disc
    keys.
    Seat

    Component part of the valve that


    opens or closes against the seat to
    start or stop flow.

    Plug Disc

    Ball Disc

    Composition Disc

    3 Major Parts of an
    Air Operated Valve
    Actuator

    Positioner

    Valve

    Diaphragm Actuators
    The diaphragm type usually consists of
    a spring which opposes the air pressure
    applied against the diaphragm
    Spring-less types of diaphragm
    actuators, in which controlled air
    pressure is applied to either side of the
    diaphragm, are also quite common. The
    piston type actuators are usually
    without springs.

    In which
    direction does
    this actuator
    fail?
    What must you
    do before
    removing this?

    Which way do each of


    these actuators fail?

    Which way
    does this valve
    fail?

    Arrangement of a Typical Air Supply for Pneumatic Actuators

    Purpose of a Valve
    Positioner
    Convert low volume control air signal to a
    proportionally higher volume air pressure
    which is applied to an actuator to position the
    valve
    Improves valve response time
    Can be used to characterize valve response
    The volume of air output from pneumatic
    controllers or I/P converters may not be
    sufficient to position the valve
    More on positioners later

    Typical Piston Actuators: Piston actuators are usually smaller and slightly faster
    than diaphragm actuators but require higher pressure air. They can also handle
    hotter environments.

    Theory of Positioner
    Operation
    Inputs are:
    Valve position
    Supply air (usually 20PSI)
    A valve position signal
    Either 3-15PSI or
    4-20ma

    Output is a valve position


    Actually output is air pressure to the
    actuator

    Fisher 3582i Positioner

    Fisher 3582
    Most common valve positioner at Palo Verde
    Input: Either 3-15PSI or 4-20ma (if using a 3582i)
    Feedback: Mechanical linkage with valve stem
    Output: a valve position

    As with most valve operators, the 3582 can be set up for normally open valves,
    normally closed valves, and valves with a variety of flow characteristics
    depending on which cam is selected and how the positioner is calibrated.

    Valve Limit Switches

    Provide remote indication of valve position


    We use mostly Namco Snaplok Limit Switches
    Environmentally qualified
    Generally 2 switches per valve
    Open switch switch closed from the time
    the valve leaves open until about 95% open
    and powers the green light
    Closed Switch switch closed from the time
    the valve is about 5% open until full open
    and powers the red light

    Valve Position:
    Fully closed

    Valve Position:
    Intermediate

    Valve Position:
    Full Open

    Valve Position:
    Fully closed

    Valve Position:
    Intermediate

    Valve Position:
    Full Open

    Valve Limit Switches


    The convention at Palo
    Verde:
    Red light = Valve open
    Green light = valve shut
    Both lights lit = valve
    intermediate position

    Limit switches are usually


    set up at 90% or 95%
    open and 5% or 10%
    open.

    Be careful when working


    on limit switches as they
    work backward from what
    you may think.

    Valve Limit Switches


    The convention at Palo
    Verde:
    Red light = Valve open
    Green light = valve shut
    Both lights lit = valve
    intermediate position

    Limit switches are usually


    set up at 90% or 95%
    open and 5% or 10%
    open.

    Be careful when working


    on limit switches as they
    work backward from what
    you may think.

    Click to run a program to demonstrate valve limit switch configurations

    Z s c-102.exe

    How to Stroke & Bench Set a


    Valve
    Procedure: 30MT-9ZZ22 Calibration
    of Control Valves
    Procedure: 39DP-9ZZ02 Air Operated
    Valve Program
    Procedures: 39DP-9ZZ31 & ZZ33,
    AOV Diagnostic Testing & Analysis

    Bench Set
    Refers to the spring compression
    setting required to ensure the
    actuator matches the given valve
    service conditions; initial force,
    unbalance force, seat load, travel
    Bench Set is performed with the
    actuator stem disconnected from the
    valve stem

    Valve Stroke
    The distance the plug or stem moves
    in order to go from a full-closed to a
    full-open position
    A valve may be capable of traveling
    further than its nameplate stroke
    distance

    Positive Seat
    The process of ensuring the valve plug
    is securely positioned in the valve
    seat prior to setting stroke length
    This establishes one of the two
    positive stops in setting valve stroke.
    Bubble Tight is a term used in the
    industry to describe the ability of a
    control valve to completely shut off
    flow, but it is not a realistic standard
    Control valves are not isolation valves

    Bench Set Precautions


    Valve must be assembled with proper
    packing adjustment and no system
    pressure
    Do not rotate the valve plug against
    the valve seat
    Do not drop the valve plug on the
    valve seat
    Disengage the hand jack
    Personell Safety precautions

    Bench set a valve in class

    Industry Events
    SOER 85-02 Valve Mispositioning
    Events
    SOER85-03 Excessive Personnel
    Radiation Exposure

    Lab Exercises

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