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Assignment I

This document contains an assignment on crystal structures and X-ray crystallography for a materials science course. It includes 13 questions covering topics such as defining unit cells and lattice structures, calculating interplanar spacings and Miller indices, determining X-ray wavelengths using Bragg's law, and applying concepts like atomic packing factors to simple cubic, body centered cubic, and face centered cubic unit cells. The assignment requires calculations and explanations of diffraction phenomena, X-ray production, and applying crystal structure parameters.

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Shubham Kumar
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100 views

Assignment I

This document contains an assignment on crystal structures and X-ray crystallography for a materials science course. It includes 13 questions covering topics such as defining unit cells and lattice structures, calculating interplanar spacings and Miller indices, determining X-ray wavelengths using Bragg's law, and applying concepts like atomic packing factors to simple cubic, body centered cubic, and face centered cubic unit cells. The assignment requires calculations and explanations of diffraction phenomena, X-ray production, and applying crystal structure parameters.

Uploaded by

Shubham Kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BABU BANARASI DAS

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT


ASSIGNMENT I
1. Define the following :
a) Space lattice
b) Basis
c) Unit cell
2. Describe four different types of possible unit cells in three dimensions.
3. Show that in a simple cubic lattice the spacing between successive lattice planes i.e.
d100:d110:d111= 1: 0.71 : 0.58
4. What are miller indices? How are they calculated that describes plane in a crystal? What
is the importance of miller indices ?
5. Define atomic packing factor. Obtain its expression for simple cubic, body centered cubic
and face centered cubic.
6. Explain why we cannot use visible light for studying the crystal structure.
7. Describe Braggs spectrometer and explain how it can be used to determine the
wavelength of given X-ray beam.
8. An X-ray tube operates at 50kV. Calculate the shortest wavelength of X-rays produced.
9. Electrons are accelerated through 344 Volts and are reflected from a crystal. The first
reflection minimum occurs when glancing angle is 60. Determine the spacing of the
crystal.
10. Calculate the values of d200 and d111 in lead. Lead has a fcc structure and a= 4.9.
11. In a tetragonal lattice a=b=2.5, c=1.8. Deduce the lattice spacing between (111)
planes.
12. An X-ray beam of wavelength 0.97 is obtained in the third order after reflection at 60
from the crystal plane. Another beam is obtained in the first order after reflection at 30
from the same crystal plane. Find the wavelength of the second X-ray beam.
13. Calculate the glancing angle of (111) plane of a cubic crystal having axial length 0.19nm
corresponding to the second order diffraction maximum for the X-Ray of wavelength
0.058nm.
14. What do you mean by interplaner spacing? Show that in a cubic lattice the distance
between successive planes of indices (hkl) is given by

dhkl = a/(h2+k2+l2)

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