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Intermediate Maths 1B

The document provides solutions to problems involving finding the foot of a perpendicular from a point to a line, finding the image of a point under a line, and finding the circumcenter of a triangle. It solves for the foot of the perpendicular from (4,1) with respect to the line 3x-4y+12=0. It also finds the image of (1,2) under the line 3x+4y-1=0 and the circumcenter of the triangle with vertices (1,3), (-3,5), and (5,-1).

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Syed Salman
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© © All Rights Reserved
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10K views7 pages

Intermediate Maths 1B

The document provides solutions to problems involving finding the foot of a perpendicular from a point to a line, finding the image of a point under a line, and finding the circumcenter of a triangle. It solves for the foot of the perpendicular from (4,1) with respect to the line 3x-4y+12=0. It also finds the image of (1,2) under the line 3x+4y-1=0 and the circumcenter of the triangle with vertices (1,3), (-3,5), and (5,-1).

Uploaded by

Syed Salman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 7

First year Mathematics - IB

1.

AIMS TUTORIAL

If Q (h, k) is the foot of perpendicular from


P ( , ) on the straight line + + =

. Then P.T

2.

( + +)
+

.find

If Q (h, k) is image of P ( , ) on the straight


line + + = .
Then P.T

the foot of perpendicular of (4, 1) w.r.t the


line + = .
Sol: Q (h, k) is the foot of perpendicular from
P (1 , 1 ) on the straight line
+ + = 0 ..(1)

1 1 =

( + +)

.find the

image of (1, 2) w.r.t the line + = .


Sol: Q (h, k) is image of P (1 , 1 ) on the
straight line + + = 0 ..(1)

1 1 =

2 =

2 =

2 1 1

(1) 1 . 2 = 1

=
=
=
=

) = 1

( & )

( 1) +(1 )

.+.
( 1 + 1 )

2 + 2

2 + 2

3
4
3

=
=

4
3

1
4
1
4

=
=

=
=

12
5

1
4
12

.+.
( 1 + 1 )

2 + 2
( 1 1 + + )

2 + 2

8
5

8 21

(2)

+ +
,
2
2

1 +
2

+ =0

( 1 1 1 1 2)

, k=

16
5

2 + 2

( + +)

, (1, 2) w.r.t the line


3 + 4 1 = 0.

5
16
5

3
4
3

=
=

2
4
1
4

=
=

1 =

+1

16+5

21

12
5

3 2 +(4)2
2(10)
1

25

& 2=

+1 & =

12+5
5

2 3 1 +4 2 1

12

, k=

, = ,

Aims tutorial

& 1=

, = ( , )
5

( 1) +(1 )

1 + + 1 + + 2 = 0
+ = 1 1 2
(2)

25

1 +

3 2 +(4)2
(20)

+4 & =

12+20

(3 4 4 1 +12)

4 =

+ +

,
(4, 1) w.r.t the line 3 4 + 12 = 0.
4

( & )

+ +
,
2
2

( + +)
+

2 + 2

) = 1

(2)

( 1 1 )

( 1 1 + + )

, 1
+ + = 0 + =
(2)

(1) 1 . 2 = 1

2 1 1

( ). (
( ). (

2 1 1
2 1 1

16
5

4
5

16
5

+2

16+10
5

6
5

Page 1

First year Mathematics - IB


3.

AIMS TUTORIAL

Find the circumcentre of the triangle whose


vertices are (1, 3), (-3, 5) and (5, -1).

4.

Sol: Let the given vertices are


A(1, 3), B(-3, 5) and C(5, -1).
Let S(x, y) be the circumcentre of
= =
2 =(2 1 )2 + (2 1 )2

1 & (2)

() =
. . .
2 = 2

, =

2 + 2
,
1 5

1 1 2 1
5 -1 -2 5
10 + 2
= (0, 2)
1 5

2 & (3)

S(x, y)
A (1, 3)

Find the circumcentre of the triangle whose


sides are + + = , =
+ = .
: Let
+ + 2 = 0 .. 1
5 2 = 0 . 2
2 + 5 = 0 . (3)

B (-3, 5)

, =

1 2+ 3 2 = +3
2 + 1 2 + 2 + 9 6
= 2 + 9 + 6 + 2 + 25 10

+ 5

5 4
,
10 + 1

5 -1 -2 5
1 -2 5 1
2 25
= (1, 3)
10 + 1

1 & (3)

1 1 2 1
1 -2 5 1
5+4
25
, =
,
= (3, 1)
2 1
2 1
A(0, -2), B(1, 3) and C(-3, 1).
Let S(x, y) be the circumcentre of
= =

8 8 16 + 4 = 0
8 + 4 24 = 0 ( 4)
2 + 6 = 0 . (1)

2 =(2 1 )2 + (2 1 )2

(ii) =
. . .
2 = 2

() =
. . .
2 = 2

S(x, y)
A (-3, 5)

S(x, y)

B (5, -1)

+3 2+ 5 2 = 5 2+ +1
2 + 9 + 6 + 2 + 25 10
= 2 + 25 10 + 2 + 1 + 2

16 + 16 + 24 12 = 0
16 12 + 8 = 0 ( 4)

Solving (1) and (2)

6+4

6+4

16 20

2 2


8, 10 .
[ 2,3 , 2, 1 , 4, 0 & (1,3), (0, 2), (3,1)]

+ +2

= 1

+ 3

+ 1

2 + 0 + 0 + 2 + 4 + 4
= 2 + 1 2 + 2 + 9 6

(ii) =
. . .
2 = 2
S(x, y)
A (1, 3)
1

Aims tutorial

1 + 5 3 = 0 . (4)

2 1 6 2
4 3 2 4
2+18 244

B (1, 3)

1 + 2 5 + 10 = 0
2 + 10 6 = 0 ( 2)

4 3 + 2 = 0 . (2)

, =

A (0, -2)

B (-3, 1)
2

+ 3

= +3

Page 2

First year Mathematics - IB


2 + 1 2 + 2 + 9 6
= 2 + 9 + 6 + 2 + 1 2

6.

8 8 + 8 4 = 0
8 4 = 0 ( 4)
2 + = 0 . (5)

5 3 1
1
0 2

, =

0+3

60

110 110

, =

9 9


1 2

3 3

5.

Find the Orthocenter of the triangle whose


vertices are (-5, -7), (13, 2) and (-5, 6).
Sol: Given vertices are (-5, -7), (13, 2) and (5, 6)
Slope of B (13, 2), C (-5, 6)

62
4
2
= 2 1 =
=
=
2 1

513

18

, =

9
2

1 = ( 1 )
9
5, 7 =
9

+ 7 = ( + 5)
2

2 + 14 = 9 + 45
9 2 + 31 = 0 . . (1)
Slope of A (-5, -7), C (-5, 6)

6+7
13
= 2 1 =
=
2 1

5+5

, = 0
1 = ( 1 )
13, 2 = 0
2 = 0( 13)
2 = 0
y=2.. (2)

= 2 (1)
9 2(2) + 31 = 0
9 = 27
=

27
9

If the eqns of the sides of the triangle are


+ = , + =
+ + = . .
sol:Let
7 + 10 = 0 .. 1
2 + 5 = 0 . 2
+ + 2 = 0 . (3)
1 & (2)

Solving (1) and (2)


1
2

AIMS TUTORIAL

7 1 -10 7
1 -2 5 1

5 20
,
14 1

10 35
= (1, 3)
14 1

2 & (3)
, =

4 5
,
1+2

1 & (3)
, =

1 -2 5 1
1 1 2 1
52
= (3, 1)
1+2

2 + 10
,
71

7 1 -10 7
1 1 2 1
10 14
= (2, 4)
71

A(1, 3), B(-3, 1) and C(2, -4).


Now
Slope of B (-3,1), C (2, -4)

41
5
= 2 1 =
= = 1
2 1

2+3

, = 1
1 = ( 1 )
1, 3 = 1
3 = 1( 1)
3 = 1
+ 2 = 0 . . (4)
Slope of A (1, 3), C (2, -4)

43
7
= 2 1 =
=
2 1

21

, =

1
7

1 = ( 1 )
1
3, 1 =
1

1 = ( + 3)
7

7 7 = + 3
7y+10=0.. (5)

= 3

(3, 2)

4 & (5)

, =

10+14
7+1

210
7+1

1 -1
1 -7
=

2
10

1
1

6 6

2 4

( , )
3 3

Aims tutorial

Page 3

First year Mathematics - IB

7.

If P and q are the lengths of perpendiculars


from the origin to the st lines
+ =
= ,
. + = .
: + =

+
=

+ =
+ = 0
0, 0
is =
=

8.

Find the eqn of the st lines passing through


the point of intersection of the lines
+ + = , + = & whose
distance from (2, -1) is 2.
Sol: Given eqns
3 + 2 + 4 = 0 . (1)
2 + 5 1 = 0 (2)
1 & (2)
3 2 4 3
2 5 -1 2

2 + 2

, =

220
154

8+3
154

22 11
11

11

= (2, 1)

2 + 2

=
2 = 2
2 = 2
S.O.B.S
2
2
2
4 = 2 . . (1)

Let m be the slope of the line passing


through
P (-2, 1) is 1 = 1


0, 0
2 = 0
=

AIMS TUTORIAL

1 = ( + 2)

+ 2 + 1 = 0
+ 2 + 1 = 0 . (3)

2 + 2

= 2
S.O.B.S
2 = 2 2 2 . . (2)

Since distance from (2, -1) to (3) is 2


=

1 & (2)
42 + 2 = 2 2 2 + 2 2 2
2

= ( 2 + 2)
= 2 (1)
+ =

( + +)

2=
2=
2=

+
++
+
(4 +2)
2 +1
2(2 +1)

S.O.B.S

2 +1

+ 1 = (2 + 1)2
2 + 1 = 42 + 4 + 1
42 + 4 + 1 -2 1 = 0
32 + 4 = 0
(3 + 4) = 0
4
= 0 =

= 0

1 =0 +2 ;
4
( + 2)

4
3

1 =

1 = 0.
4 + 8

3 3 =
4 + 3 11 = 0.

Aims tutorial

Page 4

First year Mathematics - IB

9.

If is the angle between the pair of lines


+ + = , then P.T
+

AIMS TUTORIAL

10. Prove that product of perpendiculars from a


point (, ) to the pair of st lines
+ + = is

() +

() +

Sol: let
2 + 2 + 2 = 0
1 + 1 = 0 . . (1)
2 + 2 = 0 . . (2)
2 + 2 + 2
1 + 1 2 + 2
=0
1 2 + 2 + 1 2 + 2
=0
1 2 2 + 1 2 + 2 1 + 1 2 2
=0
1 2 2 + (1 2 + 2 1 ) + 1 2 2
=0
Comparing both sides
2 , 2 & ,
1 2 = , 1 2 = & 1 2 + 2 1
= 2

++

1 2 + 1 2
1 2 + 1 2 2 2 + 2 2

Sol: : let 2 + 2 + 2 =
0
1 + 1 = 0 . . (1)
2 + 2 = 0 . . (2)
2 + 2 + 2 1 + 1 2 +
2 = 0
1 2 + 2 + 1 2 + 2 =
0
1 2 2 + 1 2 + 2 1 +
1 2 2 = 0
1 2 2 + (1 2 + 2 1 ) +
1 2 2 = 0
Comparing both sides 2 , 2 & ,

1 2 = , 1 2 = & 1 2 + 2 1 = 2
. . (1 , 1 )
to the line + + = 0

, to the

1 2 + 1 2
(1 2 )2 +(1 2 )2 +(2 1 )2 +( 1 2 )2

( + +)

lines (1) and (2) is =

1 + 1
2

1 + 1 2

2 + 2
2 2 + 2 2

=
1 2 + 1 2
(1 2 )2 +( 1 2 )2 21 2 1 2 +(1 2 )2 +(2 1 )2 +21 2 1 2

=
=
=

1 2 + 1 2
(1 2 1 2 )2 +(1 2 +2 1 )2
+
2 + 2 2
+
()2 +4 2

1 2 2 +1 2 +2 1 + 1 2 2
2
(1 2 ) +( 1 2 )2 21 2 1 2 +(1 2 )2 +(2 1 )2 +21 2 1 2

=
=
=

Aims tutorial

1 2 + 2 + 1 2 + 2
(1 2 )2 +(1 2 )2 +(2 1 )2 +( 1 2 )2

1 2 2 +(1 2 +2 1 ) + 1 2 2
(1 2 1 2 )2 +(1 2 +2 1 )2
2 +2 + 2
2 + 2 2
2 +2 + 2
()2 +4 2

Page 5

First year Mathematics - IB

11. If the eqn + + = represent


a pair of lines, P.T the combined eqn of the
pair of bisectors bisecting the angle b/w these
lines is = ( ).
Sol: let 2 + 2 + 2 =
0
1 + 1 = 0 . . (1)
2 + 2 = 0 . . (2)
2 + 2 + 2
1 + 1 2 + 2
=0
1 2 + 2 + 1 2 + 2
=0
1 2 2 + 1 2 + 2 1 + 1 2 2
=0
1 2 2 + (1 2 + 2 1 ) + 1 2 2
=0
Comparing both sides
2 , 2 & ,
1 2 = , 1 2 = & 1 2 + 2 1
= 2

AIMS TUTORIAL

1 2 + 2 1 2 2 = 2 1 2 1 2
2 2 2 = 2( )
2 2 = ( ).
12. S.T the area of the triangle formed by the lines
+ + = and + + =

1 2 + 1 2

. .

Sol: let
2 + 2 + 2 = 0
1 + 1 = 0 . . (1)
2 + 2 = 0 . . (2)
+ + = 0 . (3)
2 + 2 + 2 1 + 1 2 +
2 = 0
1 2 + 2 + 1 2 + 2 =
0
1 2 2 + 1 2 + 2 1 +
1 2 2 = 0
1 2 2 + (1 2 + 2 1 ) +
1 2 2 = 0
Comparing both sides 2 , 2 & ,

1 2 = , 1 2 = & 1 2 + 2 1 = 2
Solving (1) & (2) we get, (0, 0)
Solving (1) & (3)
1 1 0 1

Now eqns of bisectors of angle b/w 1 & 2


are
1 + 1

2 + 2
2 2 + 2 2

. . . ,
1 + 1 2 (2 2 + 2 2 )
=(2 + 2 )2 (1 2 + 1 2 )

1 0

A (1 , 1 ) =

1 1

B (2 , 2 ) =

2 2

Now area of =
1

(1 2 )2 2 + (1 2 )2 2 + (2 1 )2 2 +
(1 2 )2 2 +21 1 2 2 + 21 1 2 2
2 2

1 1

Similarly by solving (2) & (3) we get,

(1 2 2 + 1 2 2 + 21 1 )(2 2 + 2 2 )
= 2 2 2 + 2 2 2 + 22 2 (1 2 + 1 2 )

2 2

01

2
2 2
1

2 1 2

1 1
2 2
2
1

2 2

2 1

1 1

2 2

=(1 2 ) + (2 1 ) + (1 2 ) +
(1 2 )2 2 +22 2 1 2 + 22 2 1 2

2
1

2 (1 2 )2 (2 1 )2
2 (1 2 )2 (2 1 )2

2 1 2 2 1
2 2

1 1
2

1 2 +2 1 2 41 2 1 2
2
1 2 1 2 2 1 + 1 2 2
2

2 2 4

2 2 (1 2 +2 1 ) + 2

= 2 1 2 1 2 2 1
1 2 (1 2 2 1

2 4 2 4

2 2 2 + 2

1 2 + 2 1 1 2 2 1

2 2

= 2 1 2 2 1 1 2 1 2

Aims tutorial

2 2

2 2 2 + 2

2 2
2 2 + 2

Page 6

First year Mathematics - IB

AIMS TUTORIAL

13. If the eqn


+ + + + + =
represent a pair of lines, P.T
() + =
, , .
:let 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 +
=0

1 + 1 + 1 = 0 . . (1)
2 + 2 + 2 = 0 . . (2)
2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + = 0
1 + 1 + 1 2 + 2 + 2 = 0

1 2 2 + 1 2 + 1 2 + 2 1
+ 1 2 2
+1 2 + 2 1 + 2 1 + 1 2 = 0
1 2 2 + (1 2 + 2 1 ) + 1 2 2 +
(1 2 + 2 1 ) +(1 2 + 2 1 ) + 1 2 =
0
Comparing both sides
2 , , 2 , ,
,
1 2 = , 1 2 = , 1 2 + 2 1 = 2
1 2 + 2 1 = 2, 1 2 + 2 1 = 2 And
1 2 =
2 2 2
= (1 2 + 2 1 ) (1 2 + 2 1 )(1 2 + 2 1 )
= 1 2 2 2 1 2 + 2 1

Aims tutorial

Page 7

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