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LAB 2 - Torsion Testing: AE351 - Experiments in Aerospace Engineering

The document summarizes a lab experiment to measure the shear modulus of an aluminum shaft using two methods - angle of twist and strain gage rosette. Measurements of torque, angle of twist, and strain were recorded at increasing loads. Shear stress and shear strain were calculated and plotted, yielding a shear modulus of 29.7 GPa from the strain gage data and 29.17 GPa from the angle of twist data, close to the published value of 28 GPa for aluminum. Sources of error are residual strain, instrument accuracy, and approximations in the analysis formulas. The experiment validated the equations used to determine shear modulus from torsion testing.

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Pranab Prusty
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93 views5 pages

LAB 2 - Torsion Testing: AE351 - Experiments in Aerospace Engineering

The document summarizes a lab experiment to measure the shear modulus of an aluminum shaft using two methods - angle of twist and strain gage rosette. Measurements of torque, angle of twist, and strain were recorded at increasing loads. Shear stress and shear strain were calculated and plotted, yielding a shear modulus of 29.7 GPa from the strain gage data and 29.17 GPa from the angle of twist data, close to the published value of 28 GPa for aluminum. Sources of error are residual strain, instrument accuracy, and approximations in the analysis formulas. The experiment validated the equations used to determine shear modulus from torsion testing.

Uploaded by

Pranab Prusty
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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AE351 Experiments in Aerospace Engineering

LAB 2 Torsion Testing


Name: Ujagar Negi
15/1/16

Date:

Roll No.: 13751


OBJECTIVE:
The objective of this experiment is to perform a torsion (shear) test on a
shaft with a circular cross section and measure the shear modulus of a
material using two different methods- using angle of twist and strain gage
rosette.

INTRODUCTION AND THEORY:


The relation between angle of twist torque and shear stress torque is
given by the following formulas-

EQUIPMENTS:
Aluminum circular shaft, torsion test fixtures, 0-45-90 strain gage rosette,
weights, dial gage, Vernier caliper

PROCEDURE AND MESUREMENTS:


Load is applied to the torque arm. The load range and load increment
is shown in the table.
At each load strain gage reading and the vertical deflection of torque
arm is recorded.
The measured data is used to generate plots of shear stress vs strain
and torque vs angle of twist.
Measurements:
D (diameter of circular shaft) = 19.92mm
L (length of shaft) = 70cm
d (length of torque arm) = 34.4cm
s (distance between center of shaft and the dial gage) = 16.3 cm

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION:

S.
No.
1

Load(
N)
5

0()

45()

90()

20

h(m
m)

(rad)

0.45

T
(N.m
)

2.76*10

1.72

xy
()
38

-3

10

41

0.88

xy
(N/m2)
1.108*10
6

5.4*10

-3

8.1*10

-3

3.44

78

2.216*10
6

15

59

1.32

5.16

112

3.324*10
6

20

79

1.74

25

99

-2

2.18

30

11

119

-2

2.59

0.0106
7
0.0133
7
0.0158
9

6.88

145

4.432*10
6

8.60

191

5.54*106

10.32

229

6.648*10
6

Shear Stress vs Shear Strain


8
7
6
5

xy *106 (N/m2)

4
3
2
1
0

50

100

x y ()

150

200

250

From the slope of best fit line in the above graph, value of shear modulus G
= 29.7 GPa.

Torque vs Angle of twist


12
10
8

T (N.m)

6
4
2
0

0.01

0.01

0.01

(rad)

0.01

0.01

0.02

0.02

From the slope of best fit line in the above graph, value of shear modulus G
= 29.17 GPa.

DISCUSSION AND ERROR ANALYSIS:


The experimental values of shear modulus obtained from two different
methods are quite close. The published value for shear modulus of aluminum
is around 28 GPa. This value is also close to the value found from
experiments. However some error is bound to exist whose source might be
error in human observation, least count of instruments used. One of the
source of error might be residual strain which is present because of
continuous torsion of shaft. We have used theoretical formulas for calculating
shear modulus and the formulas used have some approximation for ease of
calculation which also contribute to error.

CONCLUSION:
In conclusion experimental value are quite close to expected values. This
validates the laws and equations used to find shear modulus.

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