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    Stiffening Effect of Refractory Lined Piping - Carmagen Engineering

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    naeand
    The document discusses the stiffening effect of refractory lined piping. Refractory lining, while less stiff than steel, can be much thicker than the pipe wall. This composite structure is stiffer than plain pipe and can cause high stresses. The best way to account for this in analysis is to modify the pipe's elastic modulus to an effective value that considers the composite stiffness from both materials.

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    Stiffening Effect of Refractory Lined Piping - Carmagen Engineering

    Uploaded by

    naeand
    366 views1 page
    The document discusses the stiffening effect of refractory lined piping. Refractory lining, while less stiff than steel, can be much thicker than the pipe wall. This composite structure is stiffer than plain pipe and can cause high stresses. The best way to account for this in analysis is to modify the pipe's elastic modulus to an effective value that considers the composite stiffness from both materials.

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    Stiffening Effect of Refractory Lined Piping _ Carmagen Eng ineering

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    Stiffening Effect of Refractory Lined Piping _ Carmagen Engineering

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    The document discusses the stiffening effect of refractory lined piping. Refractory lining, while less stiff than steel, can be much thicker than the pipe wall. This composite structure is stiffer than plain pipe and can cause high stresses. The best way to account for this in analysis is to modify the pipe's elastic modulus to an effective value that considers the composite stiffness from both materials.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    366 views1 page

    Stiffening Effect of Refractory Lined Piping - Carmagen Engineering

    Uploaded by

    naeand
    The document discusses the stiffening effect of refractory lined piping. Refractory lining, while less stiff than steel, can be much thicker than the pipe wall. This composite structure is stiffer than plain pipe and can cause high stresses. The best way to account for this in analysis is to modify the pipe's elastic modulus to an effective value that considers the composite stiffness from both materials.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    Home>News>EngineeringArticles>StiffeningEffectOfRefractoryLinedPiping|CarmagenEngineering

    StiffeningEffectofRefractoryLinedPiping
    ByDougStelling
    Pipethatisinternallylinedwithrefractoryisusedinmanyapplications,suchasfortransferlinesinFluidizedCatalyticCrackingUnits
    (FCCU).Whiletheelasticmodulusofatypicalrefractoryisabout1/10thatofsteel,theliningthicknesscanbeuptoabout10timesthe
    pipewallthickness.Thereforesomestiffeningofthecompositepipecanbeexpected,andmaycauseexcessivepipestressesand
    equipmentnozzleloadswhenthepipeexpandsduetotemperature.Therearevariouswaystoaccountforthisstiffeningeffectinpiping
    flexibilityanalysisprograms.Thebestwayistomodifytheelasticmodulusofthepipetoaccountfortheincreasedstiffness.Thisis
    becausemostpipingCodesbasetheircalculationofflexibilityfactorsandstressintensificationfactorsforelbowsandteesonthepipewall
    thickness,andthepipestressesarecalculatedbasedonpipewallthickness.
    Thefirststepindeterminingthemodifiedelasticmodulusofthecompositepipeistodetermineaneffectiveelasticmodulusforthe
    refractorylining.Insomecasestherefractorymanufacturerscanprovidedata.Inlieuofthis,aneffectiveelasticmodulusforthe
    refractoryliningcanbebasedonusingtheempiricalAmericanConcreteInstituteequationfortheelasticmodulusofconcrete(E r=
    33*w1.5*fc0.5).

    Theequivalentstiffness(E cIc)ofthecompositepipeisequaltothesumofthestiffnessesofthesteelandtherefractory(E cIc=E sIs+


    E rIr).Assumingthattherefractoryisequallygoodincompressionasitisintension,themomentofinertiaoftherefractorycanbeeasily
    calculated.Whilethemodulusofruptureofsomemetalfiberreinforcedrefractoriesmayapproachtheircompressivestrength,the
    modulusofruptureofmostunreinforcedrefractoriesisonlyabout1/5to1/10ofthecompressivestrength.Therefore,assumingthat
    therefractoryisequallygoodintensionasitisincompressionmayoverestimatethestiffeningeffectiftherefractoryisnotreinforced.
    Ontheotherhand,assumingthattherefractoryhasnotensilestrengthmeansthatanyrefractoryonthetensionsideoftheneutral
    axisofthecompositesectionisnoteffective.Themomentofinertiaoftherefractoryinthiscasemustbecomputedbasedonthe
    assumptionthattheneutralaxisisshiftedtowardthecompressionsideofthepipe.Thiscalculationofthemomentofinertiaofthe
    refractoryisthennotexplicitandrequiresaniterativesolution.Howeverformostpracticalcases,theshiftintheneutralaxisofthe
    compositesectionisusuallynotthatlargeandthemomentofinertiaoftherefractorycanbeapproximatedbyassumingthatthe
    refractoryliningononlyonehalfofthepipeiseffective.Inthiscasethemomentofinertiaoftherefractoryandthecompositesection
    canbeexplicitlycalculated.
    ThemodifiedmodulusofelasticitycantheneasilybedeterminedfromtheequationE m=E cIc/Is.Thiseffectivemodulusvariesfrom1.5
    toabout2.5timesthatofthepipealone,dependinguponrefractoryliningthicknessandtype,andcanusuallybeinputintomostpiping
    flexibilityanalysisprograms.Thepipestressesandequipmentloadscanthenbecalculatedconsideringtheeffectoftherefractorylining
    onpipestiffness.

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