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Gen Programming Languages

There are five generations of programming languages. Low-level languages like machine code and assembly are directly understood by computers but not humans, while high-level languages are more like English and must be translated. The generations progressed from machine code and assembly (1st and 2nd generation) to procedural languages like Fortran and COBOL (3rd generation) to object-oriented languages like C++ and Java (4th generation) to modern languages focused on artificial intelligence (5th generation). Each generation built upon the prior ones to develop languages that are more powerful, portable, and easier for humans to read and write.

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49 views

Gen Programming Languages

There are five generations of programming languages. Low-level languages like machine code and assembly are directly understood by computers but not humans, while high-level languages are more like English and must be translated. The generations progressed from machine code and assembly (1st and 2nd generation) to procedural languages like Fortran and COBOL (3rd generation) to object-oriented languages like C++ and Java (4th generation) to modern languages focused on artificial intelligence (5th generation). Each generation built upon the prior ones to develop languages that are more powerful, portable, and easier for humans to read and write.

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monee143
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Generations of Programming Languages

Software is written as programs


Programs are a complete set of instructions written in a programming language, which tell
a computer how to carry out a task
Programming languages are a set of codes for the step-by-step instructions that direct the
computer to perform the tasks.
Different languages have been developed to solve the tasks. Development is usually tied to
the development of hardware and/or the development of the users needs.
Programming languages have been divided into two kinds Low-level languages and Highlevel languages.
There are 5 generations of programming languages.

Low-level Languages

Are those understood directly by the computer


Run more quickly than other types of programming languages
Were the first types of language to be developed
They are still in use today, especially where speed is required. For example for BIOS on the
ROM chip
There are two generations of low-level languages

High-level Languages

Are more portable between different types of computers


Are understood by humans but not be computers. They are a language more like English
Must be translated into a code that can be understood by computers
There are three generations of low-level languages

Activity1
Go to http://www.99-bottles-of-beer.net// On this site there are many examples of programming
languages that all do the same thing, display the words for the song 99 bottle of beer. Your task is
to find and paste an example of code for each of the language generations.
NOTE: I havent yet found the Machine Code version so start at 2nd generation programming
languages.
Once you have copied it describe the main areas of the code.
3

Activity2
What am I? (from Carole textbook)
1. I am a generation of programming language written almost in English
2. I am a generation of programming language understood directly by the
computer
3. I use inference engines to make decisions
4. I am the term for meaningful shortened instructions used in second
generations languages
5. My language generation uses three basic control structures
6. I need an assembler to translate my code
7. At this level, I translate one instruction into many lines of machine
code
8. I am the code in which first generation language are written
9. I am the term for a language which will only run on a single type of
processor
10. My language generation is mainly used for database structures
11. I was the first generation of languages to use symbolic storage address
locations
12. I need a parallel processor as I am a highly complex language
generation
13. I am the only language a computer can understand
14. I am the group of languages mainly used for artificial intelligence

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