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Water Quantity & Quality

This document discusses water quantity and quality. It explains that most fresh water comes from rivers, lakes, reservoirs and aquifers. It also discusses how water is used in homes, industry, transportation, agriculture and recreation. The document then covers water shortages caused by drought and growing populations. It discusses conservation efforts and how industry conserves water through reuse and recycling. The document also outlines water treatment processes like filtration, coagulation, chlorination and aeration to purify drinking water. Finally, it summarizes wastewater and septic system treatment methods.

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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
20 views

Water Quantity & Quality

This document discusses water quantity and quality. It explains that most fresh water comes from rivers, lakes, reservoirs and aquifers. It also discusses how water is used in homes, industry, transportation, agriculture and recreation. The document then covers water shortages caused by drought and growing populations. It discusses conservation efforts and how industry conserves water through reuse and recycling. The document also outlines water treatment processes like filtration, coagulation, chlorination and aeration to purify drinking water. Finally, it summarizes wastewater and septic system treatment methods.

Uploaded by

api-26334461
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Water Quantity & Quality

1
2

Water Quantity
• Where does most of our fresh water come from?
▫ Rivers
▫ Lakes
▫ Reservoirs
▫ Aquifers
3

Water Quantity
• Ways people use water
▫ In the home
 Wash face, drinking, making food, cleaning, toilet
▫ Industry and Transportation
 Shipping, manufacturing
▫ Agriculture
 Irrigation, gardens, animals
▫ Recreation
 Boating, fishing, walking on the beach, swimming
4

Water Quantity
• Water shortages occur when:
▫ Drought= area that experiences a few years of
scarce precipitation
▫ Growing populations=too great of a demand
for water
5

Water Quantity
• Conservation
▫ Using a resource wisely so that it will not be used
up
6

Irrigation Water
• Irrigation water has a high evaporation rate
when not contained. You lose about 2% – 5%
compared to the volume
• By running water through pipes, it reduces the
amount of evaporation.
7

How Does Industry Conserve Water?


• Industries conserve water by reusing water
that is used to cool machinery and recycling this
water
8

Ways To Obtain Fresh Water


1. Desalination = Process of obtaining fresh
water from salt water
▫ This process is not practical. Too expensive and
uses too much energy and equipment.
9

Ways To Obtain Fresh Water


2. Ice Bergs = Tow ice bergs to bay areas
▫ May affect local weather and ocean habitats
10

Water Quality
• A measurement of substances in water besides
water molecules
▫ Appearance
▫ Taste
▫ Odor
▫ pH
▫ Hardness (calcium & magnesium)
▫ Presence of disease causing organisms
11

Water Quality
• EPA Standards = water quality standards for
drinking water
12

Water Treatment
1. Filtration = filters out large solid particles
2. Coagulation = addition of chemicals that causes sticky
globs called flocs.
3. Settling Basins=the water and flocs then sink into
settling basins
4. 2nd filtration
5. Chlorination = addition of chlorine to kill disease
causing organisms
6. Aeration = process of moving water to add air molecules.
7. Additional treatments = minerals are added to soften
the water
13

Water Treatment
14

Wastewater (sewage) Treatment


1. Sludge (fine solids) settle out from the
wastewater
2. Water is filtered through a bed of gravel that
has bacteria on it to help break down the waste
3. Addition of chemicals (kill disease causing
bacteria)
15

Septic System
• Sewage flows into a septic tank, where bacteria
break down the waste material into simpler
chemicals. Cleaner water leaves the tank and
flows into a leach field.

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