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ch05 Sec3 Revised

This section discusses ecological succession, which is the gradual process of change and replacement of species in a community over time. There are two main types of succession - primary succession, which occurs on new surfaces without an ecosystem, and secondary succession, which happens when an ecosystem is disturbed. Primary succession begins with pioneer species like bacteria and lichens that break down rock to form soil and make the environment habitable for other organisms. Over long periods, the community develops into a stable climax community in equilibrium with its environment.

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225 views

ch05 Sec3 Revised

This section discusses ecological succession, which is the gradual process of change and replacement of species in a community over time. There are two main types of succession - primary succession, which occurs on new surfaces without an ecosystem, and secondary succession, which happens when an ecosystem is disturbed. Primary succession begins with pioneer species like bacteria and lichens that break down rock to form soil and make the environment habitable for other organisms. Over long periods, the community develops into a stable climax community in equilibrium with its environment.

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How Ecosystems Work

Section 3

Chapter 5
How Ecosystems Work
Section 3: How Ecosystems Change

DAY ONE

How Ecosystems Work

Section 3

Ecological Succession
Ecosystems are constantly changing.
Ecological succession is a gradual process of change
and replacement of the types of species in a community.
Each new community that arises often makes it harder
for the previous community to survive.

How Ecosystems Work

Section 3

Ecological Succession
Primary succession is a type of succession that occurs
on a surface where no ecosystem existed before.
It begins in an area that previously did not support life.
Primary succession can occur on rocks, cliffs, or sand
dunes.

How Ecosystems Work

Section 3

Ecological Succession
Secondary succession occurs on a surface where an
ecosystem has previously existed.
It is the process by which one community replaces
another community that has been partially or totally
destroyed.
Secondary succession can occur in ecosystems that
have been disturbed or disrupted by humans, animals,
or by natural process such as storms, floods,
earthquakes, or volcanic eruptions.

How Ecosystems Work

Section 3

CFU
What is Ecological succession
How many different types of Ecological succession are
there?
What are their names?
What is different about them?

How Ecosystems Work

Section 3

Ecological Succession
A pioneer species is a species that colonizes an
uninhabited area and that starts an ecological cycle in
which many other species become established.
Over time, a pioneer species will make the new area
habitable for other species.
A climax community is the final, stable community in
equilibrium with the environment.
Even though a climax community may change in small
ways, this type of community may remain the same
through time if it is not disturbed.

How Ecosystems Work

Climax Community
Climax Community

Section 3

How Ecosystems Work

Section 3

Ecological Succession
Natural fires caused by lightning are a necessary part of
secondary succession in some communities.
Minor forest fires remove accumulations of brush and
deadwood that would otherwise contribute to major fires
that burn out of control.
Some animal species also depend on occasional fires
because they feed on the vegetation that sprouts after a
fire has cleared the land.

How Ecosystems Work

Section 3

Ecological Succession
Old-field succession is a type of secondary
succession that occurs when farmland is abandoned.
When a farmer stops cultivating a field, grasses and
weeds quickly grow and cover the abandoned land.
Over time, taller plants, such as perennial grasses,
shrubs, and trees take over the area.

How Ecosystems Work

Section 3

CFU
How do natural fires occur?
Are these fires a good thing or a bad thing and why?

How Ecosystems Work

Ecological Succession

Section 3

How Ecosystems Work

Section 3

Ecological Succession
Primary succession can occur on new islands created
by volcanic eruptions.
Primary succession is much slower than secondary
succession. This is because it begins where there is no
soil.

How Ecosystems Work

Section 3

Ecological Succession
The first pioneer species to colonize bare rock will
probably be bacteria and lichens, which can live
without soil.
The growth of lichens breaks down the rock, which with
the action of water, begins to form soil.

How Ecosystems Work

Section 3

CFU
What type of surface does primary succession happen
on?
What is the pioneer species on this surface and what
does it do to change the environment for other things to
live there?

How Ecosystems Work

Section 3

Summary
Write an 5 sentence summary explaining the main points
of this section

How Ecosystems Work

Ecological Succession
Ecological Succession Video

Section 3

How Ecosystems Work

Graphic Organizer

Section 3

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