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    Basics of Trips Interlocks Permissives & Sequences

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    sandystays
    Trips, interlocks, permissives, and sequences are commonly used functions in instrumentation control systems. Trips force devices to a predetermined state until manually reset, while interlocks similarly force devices but automatically reset. Permissives prevent actions until criteria are met and then become inactive. Sequences are pre-arranged actions or series of actions initiated by events or operators. These functions are often combined, like a pump protection system using a permissive to start, interlock to stop on low suction, and sequence to stop on high level and require reset to restart.

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    Basics of Trips Interlocks Permissives & Sequences

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    sandystays
    369 views3 pages
    Trips, interlocks, permissives, and sequences are commonly used functions in instrumentation control systems. Trips force devices to a predetermined state until manually reset, while interlocks similarly force devices but automatically reset. Permissives prevent actions until criteria are met and then become inactive. Sequences are pre-arranged actions or series of actions initiated by events or operators. These functions are often combined, like a pump protection system using a permissive to start, interlock to stop on low suction, and sequence to stop on high level and require reset to restart.

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    Basics of Trips Interlocks Permissives & Sequences

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    Trips, interlocks, permissives, and sequences are commonly used functions in instrumentation control systems. Trips force devices to a predetermined state until manually reset, while interlocks similarly force devices but automatically reset. Permissives prevent actions until criteria are met and then become inactive. Sequences are pre-arranged actions or series of actions initiated by events or operators. These functions are often combined, like a pump protection system using a permissive to start, interlock to stop on low suction, and sequence to stop on high level and require reset to restart.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    369 views3 pages

    Basics of Trips Interlocks Permissives & Sequences

    Uploaded by

    sandystays
    Trips, interlocks, permissives, and sequences are commonly used functions in instrumentation control systems. Trips force devices to a predetermined state until manually reset, while interlocks similarly force devices but automatically reset. Permissives prevent actions until criteria are met and then become inactive. Sequences are pre-arranged actions or series of actions initiated by events or operators. These functions are often combined, like a pump protection system using a permissive to start, interlock to stop on low suction, and sequence to stop on high level and require reset to restart.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

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    BASICS OF TRIPS, INTERLOCKS, PERMISSIVES &


    SEQUENCES
    ControlSystems,Basics March18,2015

    This post provides information about basics of Trip, Interlock, Permissive and Sequences which
    areregularlyusedininstrumentationcontrolsystemslikeESD,DCS,PLCetc.

    Trip:
    Theterm Trip referstoanactionthatisinitiatedbythecontrol
    system and which forces a device or devices to a pre
    determinedstate.
    ExampleofTripSignals:CloseValve,OpenValve,Stopmotor,
    etc.
    The Safety Instrument System (SIS) or a Hardwired systems
    normally initiate trips, however the PLCs or DCS may also
    initiate trips provided the necessary independence and SIL
    ratingsaremet.Onceadeviceordeviceshavebeenforcedto
    apredeterminedstatebytheactionofaTriptheywillremain
    inthatstateuntiltheTripismanuallyresetbyaconsciousoperatoraction.
    Forexample:
    High level in a vessel initiates a trip system which stops the pump feeding that vessel, the pump will
    remainstoppedevenifthelevelinthevesselfallstoasafelevel.
    TheTripmustberesetbytheoperatorbeforethepumpcanberestarted.
    TheTripcanonlyberesetifthelevelinthetankhasfallentoasafelevel.
    ResettingtheTripwillnotcausethepumptoautomaticallyrestart,howeveritmayberestartedbyan
    operatoractionoracontrolsystemcommande.g.partofasequence.
    TheresettingofTripsisacontrolledprocedurewhichwillonlybepossibleiftheoperatorisloggedinand
    has the necessary access rights.Under normal circumstances it shall not be possible to override or
    `defeatTrips.

    Interlock:
    AnInterlockisinessenceaselfresettingTrip.Interlocksarenotdeemedsafetyrelatedandcanbeused

    foron/offcontrol.InterlocksarenormallyinitiatedbytheDCSorPLCs,howeverifanInterlockisdeemedto
    besafetyrelateditmay,dependinguponSILrating,beimplementedintheSISoraHardwiredsystem.
    Aninterlockwillforceadeviceordevicestoapredeterminedstatee.g.Closevalve,stopmotor,etc.Once
    a device or devices have been forced to a predetermined state by the action of an Interlock they will
    remain in that state until the initiating cause returns to a healthy condition, the Interlock will then be
    automaticallyremoved.
    UndernormalcircumstancesitshallbepossibletooverrideInterlocksforoperationalreasonsordefeat
    themformaintenanceorotherreasons.

    Permissive:
    APermissiveisapatriculartypeofInterlockusedtopreventactionstakingplaceuntilpredefinedcriteria
    havebeensatisfied,forexamplepreventsapumpstartinguntilthesuctionvalveisopen.
    Permissives are normally initiated by the DCS or PLCs, however if a Permissive is deemed to be safety
    relateditmay,dependinguponSILrating,beimplementedintheSISoraHardwiredsystem.
    Once a Permissive has been satisfied and the resulting action implemented it becomes inactive, for
    exampleoncethesuctionvalvehasbeenopenedandthepumpstartedthePermissivetakesnofurther
    action,evenifthesuctionvalveisclosedwhilethepumpisrunning.
    Under normal circumstances it shall be possible to override Permissives for operational reasons or
    defeatthemformaintenanceorotherreasons.

    Sequence:
    ASequenceisdefinedasaprearrangedactionornumberofactionswhicharecarriedoutbythecontrol
    system.Sequencesmaybeinitiatedbyaneventoroperatoractions.
    Sequencesmaybesinglepassorcyclic.
    Thefollowingisanexampleofasinglepasssequence:
    Anagitatedvesselreachesapredeterminedlevel.Theoperatorinitiatesasequencethatcarriesoutthe
    followingactions:
    Stopthefeedpump
    Closethefillingvalve
    Stoptheagitator.
    Wait30seconds.
    Openthedischargevalve.
    Thefollowingisanexampleofacyclicsequence:
    Lowlevelinavesselopensthefillingvalve.
    Thevalveremainsopenuntilhighlevelisdetected.
    Onhighlevelthevalvecloses.
    Thevalveremainscloseduntillowlevelisdetected.
    Onlowlevelthevalveopensandthesequenceitrepeated.

    CombinedFunctions:
    It is common for Trip, Interlock, Permissive and Sequences to fulfill combined functions, for example the
    followingpumpprotectionsystemillustrateshowthesamesystemcanperformvariousfunctions.

    Permissive
    Preventpumpstartinguntilsuctionvalveisopen.
    Interlock
    Pumprunningsuctionvalveclosedpumpstops.
    Sequence
    HighlevelinvesselPumpstops
    LowlevelinvesselPumpstarts.
    Pumprunningsuctionvalveclosedpumpstops,
    Suctionvalvereopenedpumpremainsstopped.
    Operatorresetstrip.
    Pumpavailableforrestart.
    Tags:BasicsofTrips,CombinedFunctions,Controlsystembasics,DCSSystem,ESDsystem,Exampleof
    InterlockSignals,ExampleofPermissiveSignals,ExampleofSequenceSignals,ExampleofTrip
    Signals,InstrumentationBasics,Interlocks,Permissives&Sequences,SIS

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    POSTED BY S BHARADWAJ REDDY

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