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Procedure

The document outlines procedures to obtain head loss readings for different pipe fittings at varying flow rates. It involves taking differential pressure and flow rate readings for 45 and 90 degree bends, and using the data to determine loss coefficients for each fitting by plotting head loss against velocity head and finding the slope.

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sifu helmi
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16 views4 pages

Procedure

The document outlines procedures to obtain head loss readings for different pipe fittings at varying flow rates. It involves taking differential pressure and flow rate readings for 45 and 90 degree bends, and using the data to determine loss coefficients for each fitting by plotting head loss against velocity head and finding the slope.

Uploaded by

sifu helmi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Objectives

To obtain a series of readings of head loss due to pipe fitting at


different flow rates.
To determine the Loss Coefficient for 45 degrees of bend and 90
degrees of bend of pipe fitting.

Procedures
1.
2.
3.
4.

Open the inlet isolating valve.


Make sure that gate valve and globe valve are closed.
Open the isolating valve for the test pipe No. 2.
Insert the two manometer tubes (from digital pressure indicator) into the tapping
points for the 45 degrees of bend manifold.
5. Switch on the main switch for hydraulic bench and digital pressure indicator.
6. Open fully the flow control valve and outlet control valve.
7. Switch on the pump of hydraulic bench.
8. Let the water flow through the system for a while.
9. Note down the reading on the differential pressure indicator.
10. Close the drain and use a stopwatch to time a certain amount of water flowing into the
measuring tank (take 10 liters).
11. Once it is done, open the drain and let the water flow into the sump tank.
12. Change the flow rate of water by adjusting outlet control valve to get different
differential pressure reading.
13. Again, take the differential pressure reading and measure the flow rate of water.
14. Obtain at least six readings for various flow rates.
15. Switch off the pump.
16. Insert the two manometer tubes (from digital pressure indicator) into the tapping
points for the 90 degrees of bend manifold.
17. Repeat the experiment for 90 degrees of bend manifold (repeat procedure 6 to
procedure 14).
18. Switch off the pump and shut the isolating valve for test pipe No. 2.
19. Switch off the main switch and shut the inlet isolating valve.

Data sheet

Table 1: 45 degrees of bend


Volume, V
(L)

Time, T
(s)

Flow rate,
Q
( m 3/s)

Velocity, u
(m/s)

Velocity
head, h v
(m H2O)

Head loss,
H
(mm H2O)

Head loss,
h
(m H2O)

Velocity, u
(m/s)

Velocity
head, h v
(m H2O)

Head loss,
H
(mm H2O)

Head loss,
h
(m H2O)

10
10
10
10
10
10
Table 2: 90 degrees of bend
Volume, V
(L)

Time, T
(s)

Flow rate,
Q
( m 3/s)

10
10
10
10
10
10

Equations to calculate the flow rate (Q), velocity (u) and velocity
head (hv).

Q=
u=
hv

Calculate the head loss (h) in mH2O.


Plot the graph of h versus hv for 45 degrees of bend (Graph 1).
Plot the graph of h versus hv for 90 degrees of bend (graph 2).
Draw a best fit line (straight line) through Graph 1 and Graph 2 and state the
slope on the graphs.

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