Lecture 24 - Prestressed Concrete
Lecture 24 - Prestressed Concrete
Lecture 24 - Prestressed Concrete
Prestressed concrete refers to concrete that has applied stresses induced into
the member. Typically, wires or tendons are stretched and then blocked at the
ends creating compressive stresses throughout the members entire crosssection. Most Prestressed concrete is precast in a plant.
Advantages of Prestressed concrete vs. non-Prestressed concrete:
Lecture 24 Page 1 of 12
Dead end
Casting bed
Live end
Prestress
force Ps
Step 1
Step 2
Hardened concrete
Prestress
force Ps
Tendons released at Live end
and Dead end creating an
axial force along length of
precast member
Lecture 24 Page 2 of 12
Step 3
Tendons tensioned
between bulkheads
Prestress
force Ps
Dead end
Live end
Step 1
Tendons creating an
upward force along
length of member
Tendons anchored at
Live end
Dead end
Step 2
Lecture 24 Page 3 of 12
Ps Ps ey
Ag
Ig
Mu = 0.9Apsfps(dp -
a
)
2
p
f pu
fps = f pu 1 p
'
f
c
1
fpu = ultimate tensile strength of prestressing tendon
A ps
bd p
Lecture 24 Page 4 of 12
a=
A ps f ps
0.85 f ' c b
b
yt
h
dp
N.A.
e
yb
Aps
Rectangular Prestressed Beam
Lecture 24 Page 5 of 12
Example
GIVEN: The rectangular prestressed concrete beam as shown below. Use the
following:
REQUIRED:
1) Determine the location of the neutral axis and prestress eccentricity e.
2) Determine the moment of inertia about the neutral axis, Ig.
3) Determine the stresses during prestressing.
4) Determine the stresses during initial applied service beam weight.
5) Determine the stresses due to service applied dead load + live load.
6) Determine the final stresses due to all service loads and prestressing.
7) Determine the maximum actual factored moment on the beam Mmax.
8) Determine the factored usable moment capacity Mu of the beam.
22-0
10
yt
18
16
N.A.
e
yb
Lecture 24 Page 6 of 12
Datum
18/2 = 9
yt
dp =16
h = 18
e
Yb
n=
E steel
E conc
29,000,000 PSI
57,000 f ' c = 5000 PSI
= 7.2
nAps = 7.2(0.459 in2)
= 3.30 in2
yt =
A y
A
(10" x18" )9"+(3.30in 2 )16"
(10" x18" ) + (3.30in 2 )
yt = 9.13
yb = 18 9.13
yb = 8.87
e = dp yt
= 16 9.13
e = 6.87
Lecture 24 Page 7 of 12
Step 2 Determine the moment of inertia about the neutral axis, Ig:
2
bh 3
h
+ bh y t + nA ps (e) 2
Ig =
12
2
(10" )(18" ) 3
18"
2
2
+ (10" )(18" ) 9.13"
+ (3.30in )(6.87" )
12
2
Ps Ps ey
Ag
Ig
where: Ps = prestress force
= 70%(fpu)(Aps)
= 0.70(270 KSI)(0.459 in2)
= 86.8 KIPS
y = yt for tensile stresses at top of beam
= yb for compressive stresses at bottom of beam
Ps Ps ey t
+
Ag
Ig
Lecture 24 Page 8 of 12
Ps Ps eyb
Ag
Ig
(10" x18" )
5018.7in 4
f=
M beam ( y )
Ig
where: Mbeam = maximum unfactored moment due to beam wt.
=
wbeam ( L) 2
8
(188PLF )(22'0" ) 2
=
8
= 11,374 Lb-Ft
= 11.4 KIP-FT
y = yt for compression in top
= yb for tension in bottom
a) Check stresses at TOP:
ftop =
M beam ( y t )
Ig
(11.4 KIP FT (12" / ft ))(9.13" )
5018.7in 4
ftop = -0.25 KSI Compression
Lecture 24 Page 9 of 12
b)
= +
M beam ( y b )
Ig
Step 5 Determine the stresses due to service applied dead load + live load:
f=
M DL + LL ( y )
Ig
wDL + LL ( L) 2
8
= 114,950 Lb-Ft
= 115.0 KIP-FT
y = yt for compression in top
= yb for tension in bottom
a) Check stresses at TOP:
ftop =
M DL + LL ( y t )
Ig
(115.0 KIP FT (12" / ft ))(9.13" )
5018.7in 4
ftop = -2.51 KSI Compression
Lecture 24 Page 10 of 12
= +
M DL + LL ( y b )
Ig
18
+
-0.48C
Ps
Ag
-0.25C
+1.08T
+
-1.05C
+0.35T
=
+0.24T
Beam Wt.
+ Ps ey
Ig
-2.51C
-1.29C
Transfer
-2.16C
=
+2.44T
DL + LL
+1.15T
Final
Initial Prestress
Step 7 Determine the maximum actual factored moment on the beam Mmax:
Mmax =
wu L2
8
wu = 1.2D + 1.6L
= 1.2(400 PLF + 188 PLF) + 1.6(1500 PLF)
= 3106 PLF
= 3.1 KLF
Mmax =
3.1(22'0) 2
8
Lecture 24 Page 11 of 12
Mu = 0.9Apsfps(dp -
a
)
2
where:
p
f pu
fps = f pu 1 p
f ' c
1
fpu = ultimate tensile strength of prestressing tendon
= 270 KSI
A ps
bd p
0.453in 2
=
(10" )(16" )
= 0.00283
0.40
270 KSI
(0.00283)
A ps f ps
0.85 f ' c b
= 2.66
Mu = 0.9Apsfps(dp -
a
)
2
2.66"
)
2
= 1492 Kip-In
Mu = 124.3 KIP-FT < Mmax = 188 KIP-FT NOT ACCEPTABLE
Lecture 24 Page 12 of 12