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Institute of Languages: NAME: Cristian A. García Ojeda DATE: Monday, December 21 2015

The document provides exercises to help students practice using modals of deduction to make guesses about present and past situations. It includes examples of using modals like "must", "might", and "can't" to deduce information based on pictures, a letter, and videos explaining usage of these modals. Students are asked to write sentences using modals of deduction for different scenarios and a practice letter. The goal is to help students better understand and apply modals of deduction in present and past tenses.

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40 views

Institute of Languages: NAME: Cristian A. García Ojeda DATE: Monday, December 21 2015

The document provides exercises to help students practice using modals of deduction to make guesses about present and past situations. It includes examples of using modals like "must", "might", and "can't" to deduce information based on pictures, a letter, and videos explaining usage of these modals. Students are asked to write sentences using modals of deduction for different scenarios and a practice letter. The goal is to help students better understand and apply modals of deduction in present and past tenses.

Uploaded by

Cristian García
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INSTITUTE OF LANGUAGES

UPPER-INTERMEDIATE

NAME: Cristian A. Garca Ojeda


DATE: Monday, December 21st 2015

DEAR STUDENT:
The aim of the following exercises is to help you with the practice of modals of
deduction/speculation (MAKING GUESSES) in the present and in the past.
You can use as a reference pages 69 & 73 and Grammar Bank pg. 139 (Students book)
in the study of modals of deduction.
EXERCISE 1.
Watch the following video related to the use of MODALS OF DEDUCTION IN
PRESENT
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C74fuUpjO9U

MUST : you are very sure this is true


CANT: you are very sure this is untrue - it isnt possible
MIGHT/MAY/COULD: its just a possibility but you have no strong idea

EXERCISE 2:
WRITE TWO SENTENCES FOR THE FOLLOWING PICTURES USING
MODALS OF DEDUCTIONS IN PRESENT.
EXAMPLE:
HE CANT BE AT WORK
HE MUST BE IN THE GYM
HE MUST BE THIRSTY

She must be chatting.


She might be drinking coffee.

She must be vegetarian.


She may be in her house.

They must be helping.


They could be volunteers.

He might have problems.


He may be in a costume party.

They must be best friends.


They could be in a lake.

He cant like vegetables.


He might be angry.

She could be a baby sitter.


She must be tired.

She must be a ballet dancer.


She must be a flexible person.

EXERCISE 3:

Read the letter and write eight deductions in the present. (might, must, cant)
Example: The writer must be Jennifers mother

Dear Jennifer
It was so nice to get your letter yesterday. We all really enjoy reading your letters,
especially Grandma. Im glad to hear that everything is going well and you are
enjoying the course. I hope you are not feeling homesick - Im sure youll get used
to being away soon. How are you finding the food? Dad is worried that you are only
eating hot dogs and hamburgers but I told him that you can probably get all kinds of
different food there.
I suppose it must be very strange living in such a large city - very different from
home. I dont think I could bear all the noise but you are young and it must be
exciting for you. You didnt say anything about Mr and Mrs Greenbaum or the house.
Are you the only one staying there? Mrs Greenbaum sounded very nice on the
phone when I called you last week. Do tell us more about them when you write
again.
Have you made many new friends yet? You mentioned Peter in your letter. He
sounds very nice. Dad and I are both looking forward to meeting him and Grandma
is already thinking of knitting baby clothes! I told her you were a bit young for that!
Well, darling, thats about it for now. Remember, you can call us any time. Just
reverse the charges if you need to, but remember the time difference! Were all
looking forward to seeing you at Christmas. Dad and Grandma both send their love.
Lots of Love

Jennifer
Jennifer
Jennifer
Jennifer

must be in other city.


must be a very young woman.
might be not eat well.
must live in Mr and Mrs Greenbaums house.

Mr and Mrs Greenbaum must love Jennifer.


Peter might be Jennifers boyfriend.
Jennifer might be in a different continent.
Jennifer might go to her parents house at Christmas.

EXERCISE 4
Watch the following video related to the use of MODALS OF DEDUCTION IN
THE PAST
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0FOuxPICcQo

EXERCISE 5
WRITE TWO SENTENCES FOR EACH OF THE FOLLOWING PICTURES
USING MODALS OF DEDUCTIONS IN PAST.

EXAMPLE:
He must have won the game
He might have scored

She must have studied hard.


She may have had exam.

He must have run a lot.


He could have been unconscious.

He must have broken the law.


He could have been a corrupt politician.

They must have been waiting much time.


They cant have been comfortable.

He might have been fired.


He must have been worried.

They must have broken up.


They must have been sad.

She could have had a accident.


She might have been running fast.

They cant have been a rich family.


They must have been crossing a river.

EXERCISE 6

Complete the sentences using modals of deductions: might have, must have, can't
have

1. He must have arrived by now. It's only a 20 minute journey.


2. I had to wait 45 minutes for a bus yesterday. There might have been an accident
or maybe a strike.
3. Sarah must have been so happy when she found out she was being promoted.
4. He can't have known it was your birthday. Otherwise, I'm sure he would have
wished you a happy day.
5. She must have studied really hard. She passed all her exams with excellent
grades.
6. You can't have shouted at him. He'll never forgive you.
7. I left my bicycle in front of the library and it's disappeared. Someone must have
stolen it.
8. He can't have bought a new car. He doesn't have any money.
9. The boss is in a terrible mood. The meeting can't have been good.
10. I'm sorry but Samantha isn't here. She must have already left the office.
11. Andrew did not do any revision for the exam but he's passed. I think he might

have cheated.

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