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Basic Tool Help IncrementalSpatialAutocorrelation

This tool measures spatial autocorrelation at incremental distances and creates a graph of the z-scores at each distance. Peaks in the graph indicate distances where clustering is most pronounced. The tool can help choose an appropriate scale or distance band for further spatial analysis, such as a hot spot analysis.

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jojoj
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15 views2 pages

Basic Tool Help IncrementalSpatialAutocorrelation

This tool measures spatial autocorrelation at incremental distances and creates a graph of the z-scores at each distance. Peaks in the graph indicate distances where clustering is most pronounced. The tool can help choose an appropriate scale or distance band for further spatial analysis, such as a hot spot analysis.

Uploaded by

jojoj
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Summary

Measures spatial autocorrelation at incremental distances and creates a graph of those distances
and their corresponding z-scores. The graph can be used to choose an appropriate scale of
analysis (distance band) to use for further analysis, for instance in a Hot Spot Analysis (GetisOrd Gi*). Peaks in the output graph indicate distances at where clustering is most pronounced.
When more than one peak is present, clustering is pronounced at each of those distances. Select
the distance that best corresponds to the scale of analysis you are interested in; often this is the
first peak encountered.
Learn more about how Incremental Spatial Autocorrelation works
Learn more about how Spatial Autocorrelation (Global Morans I) works

Illustration

Usage

The Input Field should contain a variety of values. The math for this statistic requires
some variation in the variable being analyzed; it cannot solve if all input values are 1, for
example. If you want to use this tool to analyze the spatial pattern of incident data,
consider aggregating your incident data.

Calculations based on either Euclidean or Manhattan distance require projected data to


accurately measure distances.

For line and polygon features, feature centroids are used in distance computations. For
multipoints, polylines, or polygons with multiple parts, the centroid is computed using
the weighted mean center of all feature parts. The weighting for point features is 1, for
line features is length, and for polygon features is area.

Map layers can be used to define the Input Feature Class. When using a layer with a
selection, only the selected features are included in the analysis.

For polygon features, you will almost always want to choose Row for the Standardization
parameter. Row Standardization mitigates bias when the number of neighbors each
feature has is a function of the aggregation scheme or sampling process, rather than
reflecting the actual spatial distribution of the variable you are analyzing.

If no Beginning Distance is set, the default distance is the distance at which each feature
in the dataset has at least one neighbor.

If no Increment Distance is set, the default distance is of the extent of the data divided
by the number of increments. For example, if the data has an extent of 10,000 meters and
the number of increments is 10, the increment distance would be (10,000 * 0.25) / 10 =
250 meters.

The output graph will only be created if there is an Output Table location specified.

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