Getting Started with

Aspen HYSYS Dynamics

Solving safety and operability challenges

Dr. Glenn Dissinger,
Product Director, Aspen Technology

Hosted by:
Ron Beck,
Product Marketing, AspenTech

Optimizing Operations Webinar

Sept 5, 2012

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Ongoing Series of Technical Webinars

Engineering Webinars for education and best practices

UPCOMING WEBINARS OF INTEREST:
Sept 5, 2012: Getting Started with Aspen HYSYS Dynamics
Sept 13, 2012 (Asia/Pacific time): Improved Heat Exchanger Design with
aspenONE EDR Integrated with Process Modeling (Tom Ralston)
Sept 20, 2012: Improving Olefins Plant Feedstock Flexibility and
Window of Operation Using Aspen Plus (Phil Edwards, SABIC UK)
Oct 24, 2012: Modeling Conversion of Carbon to Biomass in Algal
Systems (Dr. Eric Dunlop, Pan Pacific)
Dec 12, 2012: Solid Phase Modeling in Specialty Chemicals (Ajay
Lakshmanan)

OTHER TOPICS TO BE ANNOUNCED

A library of additional recent webinars on many engineering topics is
available on the AspenTech public website

2012 Aspen Technology, Inc. All rights reserved

aspenONE engineering

Best-in-class engineering solutions in an integrated work flow

Common Models & Data
Support
Manufacturing
& Supply
Chain

Aspen Simulation
Workbook & Aspen Online
Deployment

Conceptual
Engineering

Aspen Plus
Dynamics, ACM &
Flare System &
Energy Analyzer

Basic
Engineering

Aspen Equipment
Design & Rating

Detailed
Engineering

Aspen Petroleum
Downstream & HYSYS
Upstream

Aspen Process
Economic
Analyzer (APEA)

Aspen Plus
Aspen HYSYS

Aspen Basic
Engineering

Aspen Capital
Cost Estimator
(ACCE)

Detailed
Engineering

aspenONE Integration
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Agenda
Introduction to Dynamic Simulation
What Is It?
Applications

Overview of HYSYS Dynamics

Demo Transitioning a Steady-State Model to Dynamics

Q&A

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Process Dynamics
Dynamic simulation predicts how a process and its associated control
system will respond to various disturbances as a function of time
Usage has been increasing
Better tools
Safety and quality demands have increased

Today, steady-state design by itself is not enough!

Consider the simple bath tub example
Steady-state:
Dynamic:

Fi = Fo

dV/dt = Fi Fo
where V=Vinit @ t=0
V=H*A
Fo = k * H
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Applications of Dynamic Modeling & Simulation

Design / Analysis of Control Schemes
Design the process and control system simultaneously
Analyze and improve basic control strategies (e.g., fractionators,
compressor surge, location of sensors, etc.)
Pre-tune control loops
Evaluate, develop and test APC scenarios (DMCplus)

Operability Engineering Studies

Understand dynamic plant behavior, including upset propagation (e.g.,
slugging)
Operability studies of highly-integrated processes
Design / analysis of start-up, shutdown and process transition strategies

Hazard and Safety Studies

Design / analysis of pressure relief and flare systems
Safety studies
Design / analysis of emergency shutdown systems

Operator Training
DCS checkout
Graphics functionality/operability of the operator consoles
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Agenda
Introduction to Dynamic Simulation
What Is It?
Applications and Success Stories

Overview of HYSYS Dynamics

Demo Transitioning a Steady-State Model to Dynamics

Q&A

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What Does HYSYS Dynamics Offer?

Seamless transition from Steady
State to Dynamic
Interactive environment
Rich choice between simple and
detailed modeling
A comprehensive library of
control and logical operations
Dynamics Assistant

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Completely Integrated with HYSYS

Same program

Dynamic mode

Same GUI

Steady State

Same thermodynamic models

All input data are shared

Steady state results can be used as initialization for
dynamic simulation

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Rich choice between simple and detailed

modeling options - Vessels

Simple Design Dynamics

A vessel with only the
volume specified

or

Detailed Plant Dynamics

A vessel with
Vessel elevation defined
Nozzle positions defined
Heat losses defined
Entrainment modeling
Level taps
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Rich choice between simple and detailed

modeling options - Valves

Detailed Plant Dynamics

Simple Design Dynamics

A linear valve with instant action

or

An equal percentage valve with

an actuator with linear rate
an actuator with a defined fail
mode
a holdup
an offset to simulate leaking

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Comprehensive Library of Controller and

Logical Operations

Logical Operations
Boolean
Operations

Controllers

Used to replicate control logic and strategies

used in the actual plant DCS system
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Dynamics Assistant

Can be VERY useful as a guide

to see what changes it
recommends
However, use the Make
Changes button with
caution as its advice may
NOT be what you want to do

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Agenda
Introduction to Dynamic Simulation
What Is It?
Applications and Success Stories

Overview of HYSYS Dynamics

Demo Transitioning a Steady-State Model to Dynamics

Q&A

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Additional Data Required for a Dynamic Model

Steady-State Model
Initial Model Input:
Thermodynamics
Components
Unit Operations
Flowsheet Construction

Dynamic Model
Dynamic
Model

Additional Input:
Pressure-Flow Specs
Equipment Sizing
Controllers
Strip Charts

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Transitioning from Steady State to Dynamics

4 Steps are Needed
1. Pressure Flow Setup and Specifications
2. Equipment Sizing
3. Set up your Control Strategy

4. Set up your Strip Charts and Run the Model

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Transitioning from Steady State to Dynamics

Step 1: Pressure Flow Setup and Specifications
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Solver Basics
Aspen HYSYS Dynamics Solver is different from the Steady
State Solver

Steady State Pressures and Flows are not related, but can
be set independently
Flow = 55 m3/s
Pres = 120 kPa

Flow = 495 m3/s

Pres = 130 kPa

Flow = 440 m3/s

Pres = 375 kPa

Flow = 440 m3/s

Pres = 120 kPa

Flow = 440 m3/s

Pres = 365 kPa

Flow = 440 m3/s

Pres = 375 kPa

No pressure drop across heat exchanger!

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Pressure Flow Solver in HYSYS Dynamics

Pressures and Flows are related, and can NOT be set

independently
Flow = 55 m3/s
Pres = 120 kPa

Flow = 495 m3/s

Pres = 130 kPa

Flow = 440 m3/s

Pres = 360 kPa

Flow = 440 m3/s

Pres = 120 kPa

Flow = 440 m3/s

Pres = 348 kPa

Flow = 440 m3/s

Pres = 375 kPa

There must be a pressure drop to get a flowrate!!

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Pressure-Flow Relationship Concepts

All unit operation models are categorized in one of the
following categories
Pressure Node Operations contain significant volume and
calculate a pressure based on the holdup of vapor in the unit
operation
Resistance Equation Operations calculate a pressure drop
based on a resistance equation

P/F specifications MUST be set on all boundary streams

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Guidelines for Transitioning to Dynamics

1. Add a resistance unit operation (e.g., valve, pump,
compressor) between all pressure nodes in the flowsheet
Internal flow rates will be calculated by the pressure gradients
throughout the flowsheet

2. One P/F specification should be made on each boundary

stream (feeds and products)
Make pressure specifications on boundary streams attached to
process equipment that use a resistance equation to calculate
flow rates (e.g., valves, pumps, compressor, heat exchangers
Recommendation Add valves to all boundary streams

(You will use them for flow controllers anyway once you add the control
strategy to the dynamic model!)

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Ensuring Pressure Gradient in Model

Guideline #1 Add valves between pressure nodes

Valve added between

two vessels

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Ensuring Pressure Gradient in Model

Guideline #2 Add valves on boundary streams

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Ensuring Pressure Gradient in Model

Guideline #2 Set pressure specification on boundary streams

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Best Practice - PFD Display of Dynamic P/F Specifications

Available from dropdown menu on PFD

Color Code
Green Pressure specified
Yellow Flow specified
Red Pressure and Flow specified
Blue None specified
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Transitioning from Steady State to Dynamics

Step 2: Equipment Sizing
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Size Matters in Dynamics!!

Consider the level control of a tank..

Noisy feed flow

What impacts the

stability of the
outlet flow?
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Size Matters in Dynamics!!

Large tanks can mitigate disturbances

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Equipment sizing data can be entered on the

Rating or Dynamics tab

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Transitioning from Steady State to Dynamics

Step 3: Setting Up Your Control Strategy
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Basics of Control Theory

A control system is designed to maintain stable process

operations by compensating for disturbances
Key terms used by control engineers
Process Variable (PV): Process variable that you want to
maintain at a given operating point or set point
Manipulated Variable (MV): Process variable that is changed by
the controller
Disturbance Variable (DV): A process variable which upsets a
process and causes the control variables to move from the
desired set-points

Controls do what the process engineers can not

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Controller Library

PID Controller

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Basics of the PID Controller

The PID controller is the most used controller in the process
industries

The basic PID equation is:

OP(t) = Kc E(t)

P - Proportional

Kc /i (E(t)dt

Kcd dE(t)/dt

I - Integral

D - Derivative

where:
OP(t) = controller output value
E(t) = error between controller setpoint and process variable

and the tuning parameters are:

Kc = controller gain

i
d

= controller integral reset

= controller derivative constant
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Key Input for the PID Controller Model

Controller Action

Controller Tuning
Parameters

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Controller Tuning - Recommendations

The values below are recommended starting points for
tuning control loops

i (minutes)

(minutes)

System

Kc

Flow

0.1

0.2

Level

10

Pressure

Temperature

20

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Transitioning from Steady State to Dynamics

Step 4: Running Your Model
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Three Things To Consider Before Running

Your Model

1.

Set up strip charts

2. Integration step sizes and speed

3. Event Scheduler
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Transitioning from Steady State to Dynamics

4 Steps are Needed
1. Pressure Flow Setup and Specifications
2. Equipment Sizing
3. Set up your Control Strategy

4. Set up your Strip Charts and Run the Model

2012 Aspen Technology, Inc. All rights reserved

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For more Aspen HYSYS Dynamics information

Aspen HYSYS Dynamics web page

http://www.aspentech.com/products/aspen-hysys-dynamics.aspx
White papers, case studies, tutorials, resources

Library of webinars-on-demand
www.aspentech.com

> events > webinar-on-demand

Coming soon (will be sent to all webinar participants):

HYSYS Dynamics written getting-started-guide
HYSYS Dynamics computer-based-training (CBT) module

AspenTech Support site

Rich knowledge base of information, tips, technical support
Training videos, viewlets and CBTs
Technical bulletins

Aspen HYSYS LinkedIn group

2900 members; many discussions
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OPTIMIZE 2013
Global Conference
Join us in Boston for the
industrys must-attend event!

OPTIMIZE 2013

6 8 May 2013
The Westin Waterfront Hotel
Boston, MA USA

For more information, visit

www.aspentech.com/agc

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Questions?

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What Next?

Get more information now

Call your AspenTech account manager or
Call Aspen Telesales Direct:
USA: +1-855-882-7736
EUROPE & MIDDLE EAST: +44-1189-226400
ASIA/PACIFIC and INDIA: +65-6395-3900

Or email us at [email protected]

Contact info for todays presenter

[email protected]

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