QNT 561 Final Exam

1. A random sample of size 15 is selected from a normal population. The

population standard deviation is unknown. Assume the null hypothesis indicates
a two-tailed test and the researcher decided to use the 0.10 significance level. For
what values of t will the null hypothesis not be rejected?
a) To the left of -1.645 or to the right of 1.645
b) To the left of -1.345 or to the right of 1.345
c) Between -1.761 and 1.761
d) To the left of -1.282 or to the right of 1.282

2. Which of the following is a characteristic of the F distribution?

a) Normally distributed
b) Negatively skewed
c) Equal to the t-distribution
d) Positively skewed

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3. For a chi-square test involving a contingency table, suppose the null

hypothesis is rejected. We conclude that the two variables are __________.
a) related
b) curvilinear
c) linear
d) not related

4. A sales manager for an advertising agency believes that there is a relationship

between the number of contacts that a salesperson makes and the amount of
sales dollars earned. What is the dependent variable?
a) sales managers
b) amount of sales dollars
c) salesperson
d) number of contacts

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5. Which of the following is most appropriately displayed with a frequency table?

a) What percentage of people prefer Hunt's brand ketchup
b) The home location of the most valuable customers
c) How much explanatory value comes from the study's variables
d) The relationship between gender and job performance

6. The manager of Paul's fruit and vegetable store is considering the purchase of
a new seedless watermelon from a wholesale distributor. Since this seedless
watermelon costs $4, will sell for $7, and is highly perishable, he only expects to
sell between six and nine of them. What is the opportunity loss for purchasing
nine watermelons when the demand is for seven watermelons?

a) 8
b) 4
c) 12
d) 0

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7. A firm offers routine physical examinations as part of a health service program

for its employees. The exams showed that 8% of the employees needed
corrective shoes, 15% needed major dental work, and 3% needed both corrective
shoes and major dental work. What is the probability that an employee selected at
random will need either corrective shoes or major dental work?
a) .25
b) 1.00
c) .50
d) .20

8. When data is collected using a qualitative, nominal variable, what is true about
a frequency distribution that summarizes the data?
a) The upper and lower class limits must be calculated.
b) The number of classes is equal to the number of variables plus 2.
c) The 5 to the k rule can be applied.
d) A pie chart can be used to summarize the data.

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9. If an ANOVA test is conducted and the null hypothesis is rejected, what does
this indicate?
a) The p-value is less than a.
b) All population means are different.

c) At least one pair of population means is different.

d) The population means are equal.

10. A random sample of 20 items is selected from a population. When computing

a confidence interval for the population mean, what number of degrees of
freedom should be used to determine the appropriate t-value?
a) 25
b) 21
c) 19
d) 20

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11. The question, "Should products be withdrawn if even one death is associated
with its prescribed use, even if no fault for the tampered product accrues to the
manufacturer?" is an example of a(n) _____.
a) strip data mining issue
b) unresearchable question
c) ill-defined problem
d) favored-technique problem

12. A large department store examined a sample of the 18 credit card sales and
recorded the amounts charged for each of three types of credit cards:
MasterCard, Visa, and Discover. Six MasterCard sales, seven Visa, and five
Discover sales were recorded. The store used an ANOVA to test if the mean sales
for each credit card were equal. What are the degrees of freedom for the F
statistic?
a) 2 in the numerator, 15 in the denominator
b) 6 in the numerator, 15 in the denominator
c) 18 in the numerator, 3 in the denominator
d) 3 in the numerator, 18 in the denominator

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13. A linear trend equation is used to represent time series values when the data
are changing by equal what?
a) amounts
b) percents and proportions
c) proportions
d) percents

14. Which of the following goals should a good survey instrument accomplish?
a) Encourage each participant to provide accurate responses
b) Encourage participants to be succinct in their responses
c) Encourage participants to answer only those questions they are comfortable
answering
d) Encourage participants to end the survey when they feel they have contributed
enough information

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15. Kroger, a grocery store chain, wants to identify the ideal store layout for
increasing store sales. Because it primarily uses two store designs, one a grid
layout with vertical aisles divided by a center aisle and another using a traditional
straight-aisle pattern, Kroger will match pairs of stores that have different
designs but similar shopper demographics and location. Sales from each pair will
then be compared to determine if store design is related to sales. Which type of
study is this an example of?
a) Exploratory study
b) Case study
c) Ex post facto study
d) Longitudinal study

16. Bones Brothers & Associates prepare individual tax returns. Over prior years,
Bones Brothers has maintained careful records regarding the time to prepare a
return. The mean time to prepare a return is 90 minutes and the standard
deviation of this distribution is 14 minutes. Suppose 100 returns from this year
are selected and analyzed regarding the preparation time. What assumption do
you need to make about the shape of the population distribution of all possible
tax preparation times to make inferences about the mean time to complete a tax
form?
a) The population distribution is skewed to the left.
b) The population distribution is skewed to the right.
c) The shape of the population distribution does not matter.
d) The population distribution is normal.

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17. Checklists with several items to be considered by respondents may be
subject to _____.
a) recency effects
b) leniency effects
c) halo effects
d) primacy effects

18. In a multiple rating list scale, ____.

a) participants rate multiple items on a 3-point scale
b) the participant is restricted to circling their rating
c) it is possible to visualize the results better than with other numerical scales
d) the data generated are always ordinal

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19. As the size of the sample increases, what happens to the shape of the
distribution of sample means?
a) It cannot be predicted in advance
b) It is positively skewed
c) It is negatively skewed
d) It approaches a normal distribution

20. For any chi-square goodness-of-fit test, the number of degrees of freedom is
found by ______.
a) n + k
b) k -1
c) n k - 1
d) n + 1

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21. BankChoice is concerned about stagnating profits and asks, "How can
profitability be improved?" This is an example of a(n) _____.
a) research question
b) measurement question
c) management question
d) investigative question

22. A machine is set to fill the small-size packages of M&M candies with 56
candies per bag. A sample revealed three bags of 56, two bags of 57, one bag of
55, and two bags of 58. To test the hypothesis that the mean candies per bag is
56, how many degrees of freedom are there?
a) 1
b) 7
c) 9

d) 8

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23. An experimental study is one that _____.

a) attempts to reveal why or how one variable produces changes in another
b) involves manipulation of one or more variables to determine the effect on another
variable
c) attempts to capture a population's characteristics by making inferences from a
sample's characteristics and testing resulting hypotheses
d) discovers answers to the questions who, what, when, where, or how much

24. The monthly salaries of a sample of 100 employees were rounded to the
nearest $10. They ranged from a low of $1,040 to a high of $1,720. If we want to
condense the data into seven classes, what is the most convenient class
interval?
a) $200
b) $50
c) $150
d) $100

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25. Consider a regression analysis, where the correlation coefficient is 0.18. Then,
the coefficient of determination is _______.
a) .0324
b) .36
c) 1.16
d) .424

26. In multiple regression analysis, when the independent variables are highly
correlated, this situation is called __________________.
a) homoscedasticity
b) curvilinearity
c) multicollinearity
d) autocorrelation

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27. Sam's Club installed self-checkout stations that can track not only member's
purchases but also packaging problems, as the system uses universal product
codes to match the item the shopper has in their cart with its price and inventory
level in the store, generating a spreadsheet style report for the researcher. If you
consider the scanner as the tool for collecting data for Sam's researchers, they
are doing data entry by ____.
a) spreadsheet
b) Optical Character Recognition
c) Field editing
d) Voice recognition

28. The weekly incomes of a large group of executives are normally distributed
with a mean of $2,000 and a standard deviation of $100. What is the z-score for an
income of $2,100?
a) 1.683
b) 0.90
c) 2.00
d) 1.00

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29. A ranking scale is a scale that _____.

a) scores an object without making a direct comparison to another object

b) groups participants
c) groups concepts according to specific criteria
d) scores an object by making a comparison and determining order among two or
more objects

30. What is the interpretation of a 96% confidence level?

a) The interval contains 96% of all sample means.
b) Approximately 96 out of 100 such intervals would include the true value of the
population parameter.
c) There's a 96% chance that the given interval includes the true value of the
population parameter.
d) There's a 4% chance that the given interval does not include the true value of the
population parameter.

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