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Algorithms - String Processing - 01 - Trie

A trie is a tree data structure that is used to store strings. It allows for efficient string searches and insertions in O(L) time where L is the length of the string. Nodes in the trie represent letters of the string, with branches connecting parent nodes to child nodes. The document provides an example of how different strings like "abcd", "xyz", and "abf" would be inserted into an empty trie, sharing common prefixes to avoid duplication. The trie can be used to quickly look up whether a string exists, count frequencies of strings and prefixes, and perform other string-related operations in linear time with respect to the string length.

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51 views11 pages

Algorithms - String Processing - 01 - Trie

A trie is a tree data structure that is used to store strings. It allows for efficient string searches and insertions in O(L) time where L is the length of the string. Nodes in the trie represent letters of the string, with branches connecting parent nodes to child nodes. The document provides an example of how different strings like "abcd", "xyz", and "abf" would be inserted into an empty trie, sharing common prefixes to avoid duplication. The trie can be used to quickly look up whether a string exists, count frequencies of strings and prefixes, and perform other string-related operations in linear time with respect to the string length.

Uploaded by

রবিউল আউয়াল
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Trie (Letter Tree)

Mostafa Saad

Trie
A simple but powerful data structure.
It adds/searches for string in O(L)
It is a tree with branches as letters

Initially, root exist

Add abcd
a

Add xyz
a

Add abf

Add xn

Add ab

Add bcd
b

So
Simple tree
Common prefixes are created once
Easy to know the nodes (red ones)
Could answer Questions such as:
Does word exist? Frequency?
Does prefix exist? Frequency?
Any question is answered by a trace from root to

maximum a leaf
So O(L) where L is word length
Could also print all strings on O(S), where S # of
words

Implementation
Node is similar to binary search tree, but we

have many children


Caring with memory?
Either have linked list for the set of nodes
Or more efficient. Use maps
Memory not issue

Has an array of nodes, its size the # of characters

Node could contain whatever needed


E.g. boolean to know full words
E.g. integer for frequency

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