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    Younger Dryas To Present Time Line Updated2

    Uploaded by

    John Hinderaker
    The document summarizes climate and human civilization over the last 18,000 years based on ice core data from Antarctica. It shows that temperatures and CO2 levels fluctuated in a 100,000 year cycle during the last ice age, with the last glacial maximum occurring from 26,500 to 19,000 years ago when temperatures were 3.5-5.8C cooler. As the world began warming after 19,000 years ago, human civilization advanced with the beginning of agriculture in various regions between 14,500-11,500 years ago, and the founding of some of the earliest cities between 11,500-8,000 years ago. The climate has continued to fluctuate with warm and cool periods since then while human

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Younger Dryas To Present Time Line Updated2

    Uploaded by

    John Hinderaker
    30K views1 page
    The document summarizes climate and human civilization over the last 18,000 years based on ice core data from Antarctica. It shows that temperatures and CO2 levels fluctuated in a 100,000 year cycle during the last ice age, with the last glacial maximum occurring from 26,500 to 19,000 years ago when temperatures were 3.5-5.8C cooler. As the world began warming after 19,000 years ago, human civilization advanced with the beginning of agriculture in various regions between 14,500-11,500 years ago, and the founding of some of the earliest cities between 11,500-8,000 years ago. The climate has continued to fluctuate with warm and cool periods since then while human

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    18,000 years of climate history

    Original Title

    Younger Dryas to Present Time Line Updated2

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    The document summarizes climate and human civilization over the last 18,000 years based on ice core data from Antarctica. It shows that temperatures and CO2 levels fluctuated in a 100,000 year cycle during the last ice age, with the last glacial maximum occurring from 26,500 to 19,000 years ago when temperatures were 3.5-5.8C cooler. As the world began warming after 19,000 years ago, human civilization advanced with the beginning of agriculture in various regions between 14,500-11,500 years ago, and the founding of some of the earliest cities between 11,500-8,000 years ago. The climate has continued to fluctuate with warm and cool periods since then while human

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    30K views1 page

    Younger Dryas To Present Time Line Updated2

    Uploaded by

    John Hinderaker
    The document summarizes climate and human civilization over the last 18,000 years based on ice core data from Antarctica. It shows that temperatures and CO2 levels fluctuated in a 100,000 year cycle during the last ice age, with the last glacial maximum occurring from 26,500 to 19,000 years ago when temperatures were 3.5-5.8C cooler. As the world began warming after 19,000 years ago, human civilization advanced with the beginning of agriculture in various regions between 14,500-11,500 years ago, and the founding of some of the earliest cities between 11,500-8,000 years ago. The climate has continued to fluctuate with warm and cool periods since then while human

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 1

    Climate and Human Civilization over the last 18,000 years

    Graph of reconstructed temperature (blue), CO2 (green), and dust (red)


    from the Vostok ice core for the past 420,000 years, notice the 100,000
    year cycle of temperatures

    Holocene Thermal Optimum

    Temperature: www.scotese.com/climate.htm
    CO2: R. A. Berner, 2001, Am J of Science, vol 301, p 182-204
    4

    Vostok, Antarctica Air Temperature, relative to present, Petit, et al, 1999, Nature

    Deg. C

    -2

    -4

    -6

    present
    Temp

    -8

    18000

    16000

    14000

    12000

    10000

    8000

    6000

    4000

    2000

    -10

    Years BP

    Air Temperature (C) from Alley, R. B., 2004


    -28
    -30
    -32

    Late Glacial
    Interstadial
    Minoan
    Warm
    Period

    Roman
    Warm
    Period

    -34
    Present
    Warm -36
    Period
    -38

    Medieval
    Warm
    Period

    Younger Dryas,

    Actual
    -40 Temp
    C
    -42
    -44
    -46

    18

    16

    Last Glacial Maximum or LGM: Peaked from 26,500


    yrs BP to 19,000 yrs BP. It was about 100,000 yrs.
    long. Characterized by a much lower sea level (120 m
    below current levels), cold temperatures (3.5C to
    5.8C cooler than today) and a very dry and dusty
    climate.
    19,000

    18,000

    14

    12

    15,000

    14,000

    12,000

    13,000

    14,500 yrs BP, the


    world begins to warm
    after the glaciation.

    10,000

    11,000

    8000

    9000

    7000

    11,500

    Beginning of the Neolithic


    B culture. Houses are
    rectangular, with plaster
    floors. More
    domesticated animals.

    Homo floresiensis
    goes extinct,
    Morwood, Soejono,
    2004

    Rice cultivation in
    China??
    Agriculture begins in the
    Levant region of SW Asia
    (Syria and Israel) by the
    Natufians. Possibly the
    earliest sedentary
    culture.

    Jericho, Israeli
    occupied Palestine,
    founded. The worlds
    oldest continuously
    occupied city.

    Earliest Indian
    agriculture, Indus
    Valley

    Earliest dates for Gobekli


    Tepe in Anatolia (Southern
    Turkey), this settlement is
    often considered the
    beginning of the Neolithic
    period.

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%B6bekli_Tepe
    http://www.lakepowell.net/sciencecenter/paleoclimate.htm

    Gobekli Tepe, oldest


    city/monument known

    Catalhoyuk a city of 8,000


    exists near present day
    Cumra Konya, Turkey.
    They were agricultural
    and domesticated animals

    Black Sea fills


    Mean Sea Level, mm, 1874 to 2014
    100

    mm sea level change

    50

    5000

    4000

    Uruk period begins, the


    beginning of large scale
    cities

    Black Sea fills and


    connects to
    Mediterranean
    according to Ryan
    et al, 2003

    8200 yrs BP
    Temp drops 3.3C in
    20 yrs in Greenland,
    cool temps last 150
    yrs. This marks the
    end of the Pre-Pottery
    Neolithic B period.

    4.2 Kyr
    Event

    3000

    Bronze Age

    Chalcolithic

    In China (Jiahu culture) the


    earliest farming (millet and
    rice) settlements in China,
    Jiahu culture, also earliest
    Chinese writing and the
    earliest wine.

    Gobekli Tepe
    deliberately buried

    Late Uruk period,


    cuneiform script begins.

    Greek
    Dark Age

    Ubaid period begins, large


    scale irrigation of crops
    begins and cotton is
    domesticated in India

    Akkadian empire
    collapses

    5.9 kiloyear event, Sahara


    becomes a desert. Causes
    a huge migration from
    central Africa to the Nile
    valley. This event ended
    the Ubaid empire.

    Stonehenge built
    Pyramid of Djoser
    constructed by Imhotep
    in Egypt

    2000

    European
    Dark Age

    1000

    Little Ice
    Age

    Years BP

    Iron Age
    Earliest known
    phonetic alphabet

    Earliest Mayan cities


    in Central America
    7400 BP, Tartaria
    tablets, simple
    writing

    Sahara is a desert
    6000

    Neolithic
    12,800

    Sahara is a savanna or prairie

    Paleolithic
    Pottery being
    made in
    China, Wu,
    Science, 2012

    Sahara is a desert

    Sahara is a savanna or prairie


    16,000

    Bond Events, Bond, G.; et al. (1997). "A Pervasive Millennial-Scale Cycle in North Atlantic Holocene and Glacial Climates". Science 278 (5341): 12571266.
    5
    4
    3
    2

    17,000

    Years BP x 1000

    10

    -48

    Severe drought and war


    strikes Middle East, ends
    Bronze age civilization.

    Roman Warm
    Period, this marks
    the beginning of
    modern civilization
    and written world
    history

    Present
    Warm
    Period

    Maya Golden Age, it


    collapses suddenly in
    1100 BP

    Year without a
    summer (1816)

    Great famine of 1315

    Earliest Harappa (India)


    cities

    Immediate right: This is the monthly


    global temperature anomaly data from
    Dr. Roy Spencer and Dr. John Christy,
    Global Hydrology and Climate Center, U of
    Alabama. We only have true global
    atmospheric data since 1979.
    Prior to that, surface readings are used to
    estimate global temperatures. These
    estimates (as anomalies) are shown, since
    1850, in the far right graph. There is far
    less warming in the southern hemisphere.

    -50

    -100

    -150

    -200
    1874

    1894

    1914

    1934

    1954

    1974

    1994

    2014

    Year

    Recent sea level data from CSIRO (Australia) and Church and White

    http://www.schauungen.de/forum/index.php?id=15102
    Robert Rohde

    http://www.drroyspencer.com/wp-content/uploads/UAH_LT_1979_thru_October_2015_v6.png

    Gobekli Tepe,
    abandoned and
    deliberately buried
    Andy May 11/9/2015

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