CNC MILLING

MACHINE

SECTOR/AREA:

PRODUCTION &
MANUFACTURING
CNC MACHINING (Turning & Milling)
&
PROGRAMMING

EDUCATIONAL
QUALIFICATION

BROAD BASE TRAINING NCVT PASS.

NCVT TURNER OR MACHINIST PASS.
DIPLOMA IN MECHANICAL PASS.
DIPLOMA IN PRODUCTION TECH.PASS.

-:DURATION: 24 WEEKS
EXAM CUNDUCTED BY:
NATIONAL COUNCIL OF VOCATIONAL
TRAINING.

COURSE CONTENT
- :IN TO TWO GROUPS:01:THEORY
02:PRACTICAL

THEORY
INTRODUCTION OF CNC PROGRAMMING
FANUC CONTROLL
SIEMENS CONTROLL
INTRODUCTION OF CNC MACHINING
CNC TURNING
FANUC CONTROLL
SIEMENS CONTROLL
CNC MILLING
FANUC CONTROLL
SIEMENS CONTROLL

CNC MILLING

INTRODUCTION OF CNC
SIEMENS CONTROLLER

INTRODUCTION OF CNC
MILLING PROGRAMMING
SIEMENS CONTROLL
1
2
3
4
5

INTRODUCTION OF SIEMENS CONTROLLER

PLANNING FOR OPERATIONS
PART PROGRAMMING
PROCESS OF SELECTION OF TOOL
VERIOUS MILLING PROCESSES

CUTTING TOOLS FOR CNC

MILLING
CUTTING PARAMETERS
TOOLS PATTERNS
FACTORS AFFECTING MILL PARTS
SELECTION OF TOOLS

INTRODUCTION OF CNC
TURNING And Milling
PROGRAMMING
FANUC CONTROLL
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

INTRODUCTION OF FANUC CONTROLLER

PLANNING FOR OPERATIONS
PART PROGRAMMING
STOCK REMOVAL CYCLE
DRILLING CYCLE
BORING CYCLE
THREAD CUTTING CYCLE

SIEMENS CONTROLL
1 INTRODUCTION OF SIEMENS CONTROLLER
2 PLANNING FOR OPERATIONS
3 PART PROGRAMMING
4 STOCK REMOVAL CYCLE
5 DRILLING CYCLE
6 BORING CYCLE
7 THREAD CUTTING CYCLE

PROGRAM TRANSFERS
PROGRAM PREPARATION WITH CAD
CAM
PROGRAM DATA TRANSFER FROM PC
TO
CNC M/C
PROGRAM DATA TRANSFER FROM PC
TO DNC OPERATIONS

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

SAFE HANDLING OF TOOLS

SAFE HANDLING OF EQUIPMENTS
RIGHT WAY TO CNC OPERATING.
CLEANLINESS OF CNC MACHINE &
SHOP

*Lecture Notes *
Introduction to CNC Machines
and CNC Programming

CNC Machines

What is a CNC Machine?

CNC : Computer and Numeric Control
Conventionally, an operator decides and adjusts
various machines parameters like feed , depth of cut
etc depending on type of job , and controls the slide
movements by hand. In a CNC Machine functions
and slide movements are controlled by motors using
computer programs.

For a CNC machine control unit (MCU) decides cutting

speed, feed, depth of cut, tool selection , coolant on off
and tool paths. The MCU issues commands in form of
numeric data to motors that position slides and tool
accordingly.

Overview
A numerical control, or NC, system controls many machine
functions and movements which were traditionally performed by
skilled machinists.
Numerical control developed out of the need to meet the
requirements of high production rates, uniformity and consistent part
quality.
Programmed instructions are converted into output signals which in
turn control machine operations such as spindle speeds, tool
selection, tool movement, and cutting fluid flow.

Overview
By integrating a computer processor, computer
numerical control, or CNC as it is now known, allows
part machining programs to be edited and stored in the
computer memory as well as permitting diagnostics and
quality control functions during the actual machining.
All CNC machining begins with a part program, which
is a sequential instructions or coded commands that
direct the specific machine functions.
The part program may be manually generated or, more
commonly, generated by computer aided part
programming systems.

Basic CNC Principles

All computer controlled machines are able to accurately and
repeatedly control motion in various directions. Each of these
directions of motion is called an axis. Depending on the
machine type there are commonly two to five axes.
Additionally, a CNC axis may be either a linear axis in which
movement is in a straight line, or a rotary axis with motion
following a circular path.

Motion control - the heart

of CNC

The most basic function of any CNC machine is automatic,

precise, and consistent motion control.

Rather than applying completely mechanical devices to cause

motion as is required on most conventional machine tools, CNC
machines allow motion control in a revolutionary manner.
All forms of CNC equipment have two or more directions of
motion, called axes. These axes can be precisely and
automatically positioned along their lengths of travel.
The two most common axis types are linear (driven along a
straight path) and rotary (driven along a circular path).

Basic CNC Principles

Coordinates System

Absolute Coordinate System

Incremental Coordinate System

Basic CNC Principles

Each axis consists of a mechanical component, such as a slide that moves, a
servo drive motor that powers the mechanical movement, and a ball screw to
transfer the power from the servo drive motor to the mechanical component.
These components, along with the computer controls that govern them, are
referred to as an axis drive system.

Basic CNC Principles

Using a vertical mill
machining center as an
example, there are
typically three linear axes
of motion. Each is given
an alphabetic designation
or address. The machine
table motion side to side
is called the X axis.
Table movement in and
out is the Y axis, while
head movement up and
down the column is the
Z axis.

Basic CNC Principles

If a rotary table is added to the machine table,
then the fourth axis is designated the b axis.

Work Positioning
The method of accurate work positioning in relation to the cutting tool is called
the rectangular coordinate system. On the vertical mill, the horizontal base line
is designated the X axis, while the vertical base line is designated the Y axis.
The Z axis is at a right angle, perpendicular to both the X and Y axes.
Increments for all base lines are specified in linear measurements, for most
machines the smallest increment is one ten-thousandth of an inch (.0001). If the
machine is graduated in metric the smallest increment is usually one thousandth
of a millimeter (.001mm).
The rectangular coordinate system allows the mathematical plotting of points in
space. These points or locations are called coordinates. The coordinates in turn
relate to the tool center and dictate the tool path through the work.

Basic CNC Principles

CNC MachinesAdvantages/Disadvantages

Advantages:
High Repeatability and Precision e.g. Aircraft parts
Volume of production is very high
Complex contours/surfaces need to be machined. E.g. Turbines
Flexibility in job change, automatic tool settings, less scrap
More safe, higher productivity, better quality
Less paper work, faster prototype production, reduction in lead
times

Disadvantages:
Costly setup, skilled operators
Computers, programming knowledge required
Maintenance is difficult

Types of Machine
Lathes for metal and plastics
Used to produce 3D product shapes and
moulds for plastic products.

Milling machine for mould making

and surface milling.
Used to produce dies for
die cutting printed products.

CNC Lathe
Automated version of a manual
lathe.
Programmed to change tools
automatically.
Used for turning and boring wood,
metal and plastic.

CNC Milling Machine

Has 3 to 5 axes.
Used for wood, metal and plastic.
Used to make 3D prototypes, moulds,
cutting dies, printing plates and
signs.

How CNC Works

Controlled by G and M codes.
These are number values and coordinates.
Each number or code is assigned to a
particular operation.
Typed in manually to CAD by machine
operators.
G&M codes are automatically generated
by the computer software.

Features of CNC Machinery

The tool or material moves.
Tools can operate in 1-5 axes.
Larger machines have a machine control unit
(MCU) which manages operations.
Movement is controlled by a motors
(actuators).
Feedback is provided by sensors
(transducers)
Tool magazines are used to change tools
automatically.

Tools
Most are made from
high speed steel (HSS),
tungsten carbide or ceramics.
Tools are designed to direct waste
away from the material.
Some tools need coolant such as oil
to protect the tool and work.

Tool Paths, Cutting

and Plotting Motions
Tool paths describes the route the cutting tool takes.
Motion can be described as point to point, straight
cutting or contouring.
Speeds are the rate at which the tool operates e.g.
rpm.
Feeds are the rate at which the cutting tool and work
piece move in relation to each other.
Feeds and speeds are determined by cutting depth,
material and quality of finish needed. e.g. harder
materials need slower feeds and speeds.
Rouging cuts remove larger amounts of material than
finishing cuts.
Rapid traversing allows the tool or work piece to
move rapidly when no machining is taking place.

Point to Point and Tool Paths

CNC Programming Basics

CNC instructions are called part program
commands.
When running, a part program is interpreted one
command line at a time until all lines are
completed.
Commands, which are also referred to as blocks,
are made up of words which each begin with a
letter address and end with a numerical value.

CNC Programming Basics

Each letter address relates to a specific machine
function. G and M letter addresses are two of the
most common. A G letter specifies certain machine
preparations such as inch or metric modes, or absolutes
versus incremental modes.
A M letter specifies miscellaneous machine functions
and work like on/off switches for coolant flow, tool
changing, or spindle rotation. Other letter addresses are
used to direct a wide variety of other machine
commands.

CNC programming
Important things to know:

Coordinate System
Units, incremental or absolute positioning
Coordinates: X,Y,Z, RX,RY,RZ
Feed rate and spindle speed
Coolant Control: On/Off, Flood, Mist
Tool Control: Tool and tool parameters

CNC programming
Programming consists of a series of instructions in form of
letter codes
Preparatory Codes:
G codes- Initial machining setup and establishing operating
conditions
N codes- specify program line number to executed by the
MCU
Axis Codes: X,Y,Z - Used to specify motion of the slide
along X, Y, Z direction
Feed and Speed Codes: F and S- Specify feed and spindle
speed

Programming Key Letters

O - Program number (Used for program identification)

N - Sequence number (Used for line identification)
G - Preparatory function
X - X axis designation
Y - Y axis designation
Z - Z axis designation
R - Radius designation
F Feed rate designation
S - Spindle speed designation
H - Tool length offset designation
D - Tool radius offset designation
T - Tool Designation
M - Miscellaneous function

Explanation of commonly
used G codes
G00 Preparatory code to control final position of the tool
and not concerned with the path that is followed in arriving at
the final destination.

G01 Tool is required to move in a straight line connecting

current position and final position. Used for tool movement
without any machining- point to point control. (linear
interpolation)

G02 Tool path followed is along an arc specified by I, J and

K codes.( circular interpolation)

Table of Important G codes

G00 Rapid Transverse
G01 Linear Interpolation
G02 Circular Interpolation, CW
G03 Circular Interpolation, CCW
G17 XY Plane,G18 XZ Plane,G19 YZ Plane
G20/G70 Inch units
G21/G71 Metric Units
G40 Cutter compensation cancel
G41 Cutter compensation left
G42 Cutter compensation right
G43 Tool length compensation (plus)
G43 Tool length compensation (plus)
G44 Tool length compensation (minus)
G49 Tool length compensation cancel
G80 Cancel canned cycles
G81 Drilling cycle
G82 Counter boring cycle
G83 Deep hole drilling cycle
G90 Absolute positioning
G91 Incremental positioning

Table of Important M codes

M00
M01
M02
M03
M04
M05
M06
M08
M09
M10
M11
M30

Program stop
Optional program stop
Program end
Spindle on clockwise
Spindle on counterclockwise
Spindle stop
Tool change
Coolant on
Coolant off
Clamps on
Clamps off
Program stop, reset to start

Program Command Parameters

Optimum machine programming requires consideration of certain
machine operating parameters including:
Positioning control
Compensations
Special machine features
Positioning control is the ability to program tool and machine slide
movement simultaneously along two or more axes. Positioning may be
for point-to-point movement or for contouring movement along a
continuous path. Contouring requires tool movement along multiple
axes simultaneously. This movement is referred to as Interpolation
which is the process of calculating intermediate values between
specific points along a programmed path and outputting those values
as a precise motion. Interpolation may be linear having just a start and
end point along a straight line, or circular which requires an end point,
a center and a direction around the arc.

Rules for programming

Block Format
N135 G01 X1.0 Y1.0 Z0.125 F5
Sample Block
Restrictions on CNC blocks
Each may contain only one tool move
Each may contain any number of non-tool move G-codes
Each may contain only one feed rate
Each may contain only one specified tool or spindle speed
The block numbers should be sequential
Both the program start flag and the program number must
be
independent of all other commands (on separate lines)
The data within a block should follow the sequence shown
in the above sample block

CAD/CAM
Two computer-based systems which impact the use of CNC technology are computer
aided design and computer aided manufacturing.
A computer aided design, or CAD, system uses computers to graphically create product
designs and models. These designs can be reviewed, revised, and refined for optimum
end use and application. Once finalized, the CAD design is then exported to a computer
aided manufacturing, or CAM, system.
CAM systems assist in all phases of manufacturing a product, including process
planning, production planning, machining, scheduling, management and quality control.

APT Programming Example

25

Cylindrical Part

Raw Material

Finished Part
20
30

22.5

17.5

70

APT Programming Example (Cylindrical Part)

O0013
N0005 G53
N0010 T0303
N0020 G57 G00 X26.00 Z0.0 S500 M04
N0030 G01 X-0.20 F100
N0040 G00 Z2.0
N0050 X50.0 Z50.0
N0060 T0404
N0070 G57 G00 X22.50 Z2.0 S500
N0080 G01 Z-30.0 F100
N0090 G00 X23.0 Z2.0 S500
N0100 G84 X17.5 Z-20.0 D0=200 D2=200
D3=650
N0110 G00 Z2.0
N0120 X50.0 Z50.0
N0130 M30

APT Program Interpretation

O0013

Program identification number

APT Program Interpretation

O0013
N0005 G53

To cancel any previous working zero point

APT Program Interpretation

O0013
N0005 G53
N0010 T0303

N0010 Sequence number

T0303 Select tool number 303

O0013

APT Program Interpretation

N0005 G53
N0010 T0404
N0020 G57 G00 X26.0 Z0.0 S500 M04
G57 To set the working zero point as saved
G00 Rapid movement (no cutting)
X26.0 X location (as a diameter; 13 form zero)
Z0.0 Z location
S500 Spindle speed is 500 rpm
M04 Rotate spindle counterclockwise

x
+ve

(0,0)

+ve z

APT Program Interpretation

O0013
N0005 G53
N0010 T0404
N0020 G57 G00 X26.00 Z0.0 S500 M04
N0030 G01 X-0.20 F100

G01 Linear interpolation (cutting)

X-0.20 Move only in x direction until you pass
the center by 0.1 mm (facing)
F100 Set feed rate to 100 mm/min.

APT Program Interpretation

O0013
N0005 G53
N0010
N0020
N0030
N0040

T0404
G57 G00 X26.00 Z0.0 S500 M04
G01 X-0.20 F100
G00 Z2.0

G00 Move rapidly away from work piece (no cutting)

Z2.0 the movement is 2 mm away from the face.

APT Program Interpretation

O0013
N0005 G53
N0010
N0020
N0030
N0040
N0050

T0404
G57 G00 X26.00 Z0.0 S500 M04
G01 X-0.20 F100
G00 Z2.0
X50.0 Z50.0

Go to a safe location away from the

workpiece [x = 50 (25 from zero), z = 50] to
change the tool.

APT Program Interpretation

O0013
N0005
N0010
N0020
N0030
N0040
N0050
N0060

G53
T0404
G57 G00 X26.00 Z0.0 S500 M04
G01 X-0.20 F100
G00 Z2.0
X50.0 Z50.0
T0404

T0404 Select tool number 404

APT Program Interpretation

O0013
N0005 G53
N0010
N0020
N0030
N0040
N0050
N0060
N0070

T0404
G57 G00 X26.00 Z0.0 S500 M04
G01 X-0.20 F100
G00 Z2.0
X50.0 Z50.0
T0404
G57 G00 X22.50 Z2.0 S500

G57 PS0
G00 Rapid movement (no cutting)
X22.50 X location (as a diameter; 11.25 form zero)
Z2.0 Z location
S500 Spindle speed is 500 rpm

APT Program Interpretation

O0013
N0005 G53
N0010
N0020
N0030
N0040
N0050
N0060
N0070
N0080

T0404
G57 G00 X26.00 Z0.0 S500 M04
G01 X-0.20 F100
G00 Z2.0
X50.0 Z50.0
T0404
G57 G00 X25.00 Z2.0 S500 M04
G01 Z-30.0 F100

G01 Linear interpolation (cutting)

Z-30 Move only in z direction (external turning)
F100 Set feed rate to 100 mm/min.

APT Program Interpretation

O0013
N0005 G53
N0010
N0020
N0030
N0040
N0050
N0060
N0070
N0080
N0090

T0404
G57 G00 X26.00 Z0.0 S500 M04
G01 X-0.20 F100
G00 Z2.0
X50.0 Z50.0
T0404
G57 G00 X25.00 Z2.0 S500 M04
G01 X22.5 Z-70.0 F100
G00 X23.0 Z2.0 S500

G00 Move rapidly away from work piece (no cutting) to

location x= 23.0 (11.50 from zero) and z = 2.0.

O0013

APT Program Interpretation

N0005 G53
N0010 T0404
N0020 G57 G00 X26.00 Z0.0 S500 M04
N0030 G01 X-0.20 F100
N0040 G00 Z2.0
N0050 X50.0 Z50.0
N0060 T0404
N0070 G57 G00 X25.00 Z2.0 S500 M04
N0080 G01 X22.5 Z-70.0 F100
N0090 G00 X26.0 Z2.0 S500
N0100 G84 X17.5 Z-20.0 D0=200 D2=200 D3=650
G84 Turning cycle for machining the step
X17.5 final diameter
Z-20 length of step is 20 mm
D0=200 Finish allowance in X direction (0.2 mm) D2=200 Finish
allowance in Z direction (0.2 mm)
D3=650 Depth of cut in each pass (0.65 mm)

APT Program Interpretation

O0013
N0005 G53
N0010 T0404
N0020 G57 G00 X26.00 Z0.0 S500 M04
N0030 G01 X-0.20 F100
N0040 G00 Z2.0
N0050 X50.0 Z50.0
N0060 T0404
N0070 G57 G00 X25.00 Z2.0 S500 M04
N0080 G01 X22.5 Z-70.0 F100
N0090 G00 X26.0 Z2.0 S500
N0100 G84 X17.5 Z-20.0 D0=200 D2=200 D3=650
N0110 G00 Z2.0

G00 Move rapidly away from workpiece (no cutting)

Z2.0 the movement is 2 mm away from the face.

APT Program Interpretation

O0013
N0005 G53
N0010 T0404
N0020 G57 G00 X26.00 Z0.0 S500 M04
N0030 G01 X-0.20 F100
N0040 G00 Z2.0
N0050 X50.0 Z50.0
N0060 T0404
N0070 G57 G00 X25.00 Z2.0 S500 M04
N0080 G01 X22.5 Z-70.0 F100
N0090 G00 X26.0 Z2.0 S500
N0100 G84 X17.5 Z-20.0 D0=200 D2=200 D3=650
N0110 G00 Z2.0
N0120 X50.0 Z50.0

X50.0 Z50.0 Move to the tool changing location

APT Program Interpretation

O0013
N0005 G53
N0010 T0404
N0020 G57 G00 X26.00 Z0.0 S500 M04
N0030 G01 X-0.20 F100
N0040 G00 Z2.0
N0050 X50.0 Z50.0
N0060 T0404
N0070 G57 G00 X25.00 Z2.0 S500 M04
N0080 G01 X22.5 Z-70.0 F100
N0090 G00 X26.0 Z2.0 S500
N0100 G84 X17.5 Z-20.0 D0=200 D2=200 D3=650
N0110 G00 Z2.0
N0120 X50.0 Z50.0 T00
N0130 M30

M30 Program End

Programming Example
Raw Material

Finished Part

Programming Example

G55 X200 Y80

Program 1
N001 M06 T1
N002 M03 rpm 400
N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150
N004 G01 X-8 Y0 Z-0.5 ZFeed 150
N005 G01 X70 Y0 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75
N006 G01 X70 Y60 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75
N007 G01 X30 Y60 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75
N008 G01 X0 Y40 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75
N009 G01 X0 Y0 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75
N010 G81 R3 E9 N7 Z-0.5
N011 M05
N012 M02

Programming Example

Tool Change
G55 X200 Y80
Program 2
N001 M06 T2
N002 M03 rpm 400
N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150
N004 G01 X20 Y15 Z10 XYFeed 150 ZFeed 150
N005 G01 X20 Y15 Z-10 ZFeed 75
N006 G01 X20 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150
N007 G01 X50 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150
N008 G01 X50 Y15 Z-10 ZFeed 75
N009 G01 X50 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150
N010 G01 X50 Y45 Z10 ZFeed 150
N011 G01 X50 Y45 Z-10 ZFeed 75
N012 G01 X50 Y45 Z10 ZFeed 150
N013 M05
N014 M02

Program Interpretation
G55 X200 Y80

Setting the datum to the lower left corner of the work piece

Program Interpretation
G55 X200 Y80
Program 1

Program Identification Number

Program Interpretation
G55 X200 Y80
Program 1
N001 M06 T1
N001 Sequence Number
M06 Tool Change (End Mill with
Diameter=12mm
T1 Tool Number

Program Interpretation
G55 X200 Y80
Program 1
N001 M06 T1
N002 M03 rpm 400

Start rotating the spindle clockwise with 400

rpm

Program Interpretation
G55 X200 Y80
Program 1
N001 M06 T1
N002 M03 rpm 400
N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150

Go to Safe Position with feed 150mm/min

Program Interpretation
G55 X200 Y80
Program 1
N001 M06 T1
N002 M03 rpm 400
N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150
N004 G01 X-8 Y0 Z-0.5 ZFeed 150

Lower the end mill to determine the depth of

cut

Program Interpretation
G55 X200 Y80
Program 1
N001 M06 T1
N002 M03 rpm 400
N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150
N004 G01 X-8 Y0 Z-0.5 ZFeed 150
N005 G01 X70 Y0 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75

Move from the lower left corner

of the work piece to the right
lower one cutting with
feed=75mm/min

Program Interpretation
G55 X200 Y80
Program 1
N001 M06 T1
N002 M03 rpm 400
N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150
N004 G01 X-8 Y0 Z-0.5 ZFeed 150
N005 G01 X70 Y0 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75
N006 G01 X70 Y60 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75
Move from the lower left corner of the
work piece to the right lower one
cutting with feed=75mm/min

Program Interpretation
G55 X200 Y80
Program 1
N001 M06 T1
N002 M03 rpm 400
N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150
N004 G01 X-8 Y0 Z-0.5 ZFeed 150
N005 G01 X70 Y0 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75
N006 G01 X70 Y60 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75
N007 G01 X30 Y60 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75

Cutting the horizontally up to

X=30

Program Interpretation
G55 X200 Y80
Program 1
N001 M06 T1
N002 M03 rpm 400
N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150
N004 G01 X-8 Y0 Z-0.5 ZFeed 150
N005 G01 X70 Y0 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75
N006 G01 X70 Y60 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75
N007 G01 X30 Y60 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75
N008 G01 X0 Y40 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75

Cutting to X=0 & Y=40

Program Interpretation
G55 X200 Y80
Program 1
N001 M06 T1
N002 M03 rpm 400
N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150
N004 G01 X-8 Y0 Z-0.5 ZFeed 150
N005 G01 X70 Y0 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75
N006 G01 X70 Y60 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75
N007 G01 X30 Y60 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75
N008 G01 X0 Y40 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75
N009 G01 X0 Y0 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75
Complete the countering

Program Interpretation
G55 X200 Y80
Program 1
N001 M06 T1
N002 M03 rpm 400
N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150
N004 G01 X-8 Y0 Z-0.5 ZFeed 150
N005 G01 X70 Y0 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75
N006 G01 X70 Y60 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75
N007 G01 X30 Y60 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75
N008 G01 X0 Y40 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75
N009 G01 X0 Y0 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75
N010 G81 R3 E9 N7 Z-0.5

Repeat 7 times blocks from N003 to N009

with incremental offset of Z=-0.5

Program Interpretation
G55 X200 Y80
Program 1
N001 M06 T1
N002 M03 rpm 400
N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150
N004 G01 X-8 Y0 Z-0.5 ZFeed 150
N005 G01 X70 Y0 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75
N006 G01 X70 Y60 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75
N007 G01 X30 Y60 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75
N008 G01 X0 Y40 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75
N009 G01 X0 Y0 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75
N010 G81 R3 E9 N7 Z-0.5
N011 M05

Spindle Off

Program Interpretation
G55 X200 Y80
Program 1
N001 M06 T1
N002 M03 rpm 400
N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150
N004 G01 X-8 Y0 Z-0.5 ZFeed 150
N005 G01 X70 Y0 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75
N006 G01 X70 Y60 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75
N007 G01 X30 Y60 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75
N008 G01 X0 Y40 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75
N009 G01 X0 Y0 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75
N010 G81 R3 E9 N7 Z-0.5
N011 M05
N012 M02

End Program

Program Interpretation
Tool Change

Changing the tool

Program Interpretation
Tool Change
G55 X200 Y80

Setting the datum to the lower left corner of the work piece

Program Interpretation
Tool Change
G55 X200 Y80
Program 2

Program Identification Number

Program Interpretation
Tool Change
G55 X200 Y80
Program 2
N001 M06 T2

N001 Sequence Number

M06 Tool Change (Drill with
Diameter=6mm
T2 Tool Number

Program Interpretation
Tool Change
G55 X200 Y80
Program 2
N001 M06 T2
N002 M03 rpm 400

Start rotating the spindle clockwise with 400

rpm

Program Interpretation
Tool Change
G55 X200 Y80
Program 2
N001 M06 T2
N002 M03 rpm 400
N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150

Go to Safe Position with feed 150mm/min

Program Interpretation
Tool Change
G55 X200 Y80
Program 2
N001 M06 T2
N002 M03 rpm 400
N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150
N004 G01 X20 Y15 Z10 XYFeed 150 ZFeed 150

Stop above the center of the first hole

Program Interpretation
Tool Change
G55 X200 Y80
Program 2
N001 M06 T2
N002 M03 rpm 400
N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150
N004 G01 X20 Y15 Z10 XYFeed 150
ZFeed 150
N005 G01 X20 Y15 Z-10 ZFeed 75

Start Drill the first hole

Program Interpretation
Tool Change
G55 X200 Y80
Program 2
N001 M06 T2
N002 M03 rpm 400
N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150
N004 G01 X20 Y15 Z10 XYFeed 150 ZFeed 150
N005 G01 X20 Y15 Z-10 ZFeed 75
N006 G01 X20 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150

Retract to a position above the hole

Program Interpretation
Tool Change
G55 X200 Y80
Program 2
N001 M06 T2
N002 M03 rpm 400
N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150
N004 G01 X20 Y15 Z10 XYFeed 150 ZFeed 150
N005 G01 X20 Y15 Z-10 ZFeed 75
N006 G01 X20 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150
N007 G01 X50 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150

Stop above the center of the second hole

Program Interpretation
Tool Change
G55 X200 Y80
Program 2
N001 M06 T2
N002 M03 rpm 400
N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150
N004 G01 X20 Y15 Z10 XYFeed 150 ZFeed
150
N005 G01 X20 Y15 Z-10 ZFeed 75
N006 G01 X20 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150
N007 G01 X50 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150
N008 G01 X50 Y15 Z-10 ZFeed 75

Drill the second hole

Program Interpretation
Tool Change
G55 X200 Y80
Program 2
N001 M06 T2
N002 M03 rpm 400
N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150
N004 G01 X20 Y15 Z10 XYFeed 150 ZFeed 150
N005 G01 X20 Y15 Z-10 ZFeed 75
N006 G01 X20 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150
N007 G01 X50 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150
N008 G01 X50 Y15 Z-10 ZFeed 75
N009 G01 X50 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150

Retract to a position above the second hole

Program Interpretation
Tool Change
G55 X200 Y80
Program 2
N001 M06 T2
N002 M03 rpm 400
N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150
N004 G01 X20 Y15 Z10 XYFeed 150 ZFeed 150
N005 G01 X20 Y15 Z-10 ZFeed 75
N006 G01 X20 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150
N007 G01 X50 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150
N008 G01 X50 Y15 Z-10 ZFeed 75
N009 G01 X50 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150
N010 G01 X50 Y45 Z10 ZFeed 150

Stop above the center of the third hole

Program Interpretation
Tool Change
G55 X200 Y80
Program 2
N001 M06 T2
N002 M03 rpm 400
N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150
N004 G01 X20 Y15 Z10 XYFeed 150 ZFeed 150
N005 G01 X20 Y15 Z-10 ZFeed 75
N006 G01 X20 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150
N007 G01 X50 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150
N008 G01 X50 Y15 Z-10 ZFeed 75
N009 G01 X50 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150
N010 G01 X50 Y45 Z10 ZFeed 150
N011 G01 X50 Y45 Z-10 ZFeed 75

Drill the third hole

Program Interpretation
Tool Change
G55 X200 Y80
Program 2
N001 M06 T2
N002 M03 rpm 400
N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150
N004 G01 X20 Y15 Z10 XYFeed 150 ZFeed 150
N005 G01 X20 Y15 Z-10 ZFeed 75
N006 G01 X20 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150
N007 G01 X50 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150
N008 G01 X50 Y15 Z-10 ZFeed 75
N009 G01 X50 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150
N010 G01 X50 Y45 Z10 ZFeed 150
N011 G01 X50 Y45 Z-10 ZFeed 75
N012 G01 X50 Y45 Z10 ZFeed 150

Retract to a position above the third hole

Program Interpretation
Tool Change
G55 X200 Y80
Program 2
N001 M06 T2
N002 M03 rpm 400
N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150
N004 G01 X20 Y15 Z10 XYFeed 150 ZFeed 150
N005 G01 X20 Y15 Z-10 ZFeed 75
N006 G01 X20 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150
N007 G01 X50 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150
N008 G01 X50 Y15 Z-10 ZFeed 75
N009 G01 X50 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150
N010 G01 X50 Y45 Z10 ZFeed 150
N011 G01 X50 Y45 Z-10 ZFeed 75
N012 G01 X50 Y45 Z10 ZFeed 150
N013 M05

Spindle off

Program Interpretation
Tool Change
G55 X200 Y80
Program 2
N001 M06 T2
N002 M03 rpm 400
N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150
N004 G01 X20 Y15 Z10 XYFeed 150 ZFeed 150
N005 G01 X20 Y15 Z-10 ZFeed 75
N006 G01 X20 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150
N007 G01 X50 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150
N008 G01 X50 Y15 Z-10 ZFeed 75
N009 G01 X50 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150
N010 G01 X50 Y45 Z10 ZFeed 150
N011 G01 X50 Y45 Z-10 ZFeed 75
N012 G01 X50 Y45 Z10 ZFeed 150
N013 M05
N014 M02

End Program

Program Interpretation
Tool Change
G55 X200 Y80
Program 2
N001 M06 T2
N002 M03 rpm 400
N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150
N004 G01 X20 Y15 Z10 XYFeed 150 ZFeed 150
N005 G01 X20 Y15 Z-10 ZFeed 75
N006 G01 X20 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150
N007 G01 X50 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150
N008 G01 X50 Y15 Z-10 ZFeed 75
N009 G01 X50 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150
N010 G01 X50 Y45 Z10 ZFeed 150
N011 G01 X50 Y45 Z-10 ZFeed 75
N012 G01 X50 Y45 Z10 ZFeed 150
N013 M05
N014 M02

End Program

Thank You