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The document discusses optimization of solubility parameters for bitumen samples using different solvents. Tables C3-1 and C3-2 show solubility grades for 15 bitumen samples tested with 12 solvents, and the results of optimizing Hansen solubility parameters (HSP) for one bitumen sample. While 12 solvents were recognized as having a "good" solubility grade of 1, only 11 were correctly noted as being within the solubility sphere by the optimization. The desirability function also did not converge to the optimal value of 1, indicating a flaw in the optimization calculations, though the cause is unclear.

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14 views1 page

Pages From 583

The document discusses optimization of solubility parameters for bitumen samples using different solvents. Tables C3-1 and C3-2 show solubility grades for 15 bitumen samples tested with 12 solvents, and the results of optimizing Hansen solubility parameters (HSP) for one bitumen sample. While 12 solvents were recognized as having a "good" solubility grade of 1, only 11 were correctly noted as being within the solubility sphere by the optimization. The desirability function also did not converge to the optimal value of 1, indicating a flaw in the optimization calculations, though the cause is unclear.

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palanaruva
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Estimation of HSP from Multilevel DatadBitumen

Appendix

C3

Table C3-1 Solubility Experiments with Bitumen (Continued)


Solubility Grade
Bitumen SampledCode No.
Solvent

10

11

12

13

14

15

N-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone

Methylene Chloride

Nitroethane

Nitromethane

2-Nitropropane

Propylene Carbonate

Propylene Glycol

Tetrahydrofuran

Toluene

Trichloroethylene (TCE)

Xylene (isomers)

Table C3-2 HSP Optimization with Sample 2 Bitumen


Optimized

Solubility
Grade

RA

d Disperse

d Polar

dH
Bonding

DF

MPa

GOOD
& IN

BAD
&
OUT

BAD
& IN

GOOD
& OUT

5.382

17.82

4.57

3.44

0.9591

11

29

14

5.745

17.89

5.10

3.25

0.9959

13

27

8.778

18.41

4.92

1.65

0.8937

17

20

11.100

18.92

6.39

3.05

0.9685

25

13

12.982

16.11

8.03

6.43

1.0000

35

16.972

13.85

9.14

10.51

1.0000

42

Optimization of solubility parameters for bitumen has


been carried out as was shown in Appendix C2 for polyethersulfone (PES) polymer.
There are 12 solvents recognized with sample 2
(Table C3-2) as GOOD, in that they have a Solubility
Grade value of 1. Notice that the optimization result
in Table C3-2 is awed in that only 11 of those 12
solvents with a Solubility Grade of 1 are noted as
GOOD and located within the solubility sphere
(IN). This aw is also seen in that the desirability
function (DF) has not converged to a value of 1

(or close to it). The reason for this aw is not clear2,


but the aw is not unique in these optimization
calculations.
2
The solvent HSP values used in Redelius study are the same ones from
the reference noted in Endnote A and are used in the analysis which
produced Table C3-2. The optimized HSP values reported for bitumen by
Redelius for Solubility Grade of 1 are 17.6, 5.0, 2.8, and 5.5 MPa1/2; for
disperse, polar, hydrogen bonding, and RA respectively. These are quite
similar to the values for Solubility Grade of 1 in Table C3-2. These values
reported by Redelius produce a desirability function (DF) of 0.8822 as
calculated by Equation C1-4.

581

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