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Absolute Temperature: Q Q T T

1) The Carnot cycle efficiency is independent of the working substance and defines an absolute temperature scale where the temperature ratio between two reservoirs is equal to the heat exchanged ratio. 2) An absolute temperature scale requires a fixed point temperature, such as the triple point of water at 273.16K on the Kelvin scale. 3) Empirical gas temperature scales are proportional to thermodynamic temperature scales based on the definition of the Carnot cycle efficiency and the gas law relating pressure, volume and temperature.

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Mahfuzh Huda
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41 views3 pages

Absolute Temperature: Q Q T T

1) The Carnot cycle efficiency is independent of the working substance and defines an absolute temperature scale where the temperature ratio between two reservoirs is equal to the heat exchanged ratio. 2) An absolute temperature scale requires a fixed point temperature, such as the triple point of water at 273.16K on the Kelvin scale. 3) Empirical gas temperature scales are proportional to thermodynamic temperature scales based on the definition of the Carnot cycle efficiency and the gas law relating pressure, volume and temperature.

Uploaded by

Mahfuzh Huda
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPS, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Absolute Temperature

We showed:

Energy efficiency of the Carnot cycle is


independent of the working substance.

Definition of temperature independent of any material property


A temperature scale is an absolute temperature scale if and only if
Q1C
T1

T2 Q C
2
C
C
where Q1 and Q 2

are the heats exchanged by a Carnot cycle

operating between reservoirs at temperatures T1 and T2.


Q C2

Measurement of C 1
Temperature ratio

Q1C
Q c2

T
1 1
T2

T2
W

T1
T2

T1
Q1C

As discussed earlier, unique temperature scale requires fixed point


T

Q1C
QC
2

Kelvin-scale:

Tfix

or

T 1 C Tfix

Tfix =Ttripel=273.16K

It turns out: empirical gas temperature g 3 lim


P3 0 P3

proportional to thermodynamic Temperature T


Why
Because: Calculation of efficiency of Carnot cycle based on PV nR
1

aT
yields
C
2
With fix Tfix

a=1

From definition of thermodynamic temperature

Q1C

T1

T2 Q C
2

If any absolute temperature is positive all other absolute temperatures


are positive

there is an absolute zero of thermodynamic temperature


C
when the rejected heat Q1

however
T=0 can never be reached, because this would violate the Kelvin
statement

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