Reading The Masoretic Text and Notes in BHQ

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The document discusses the Masoretic Text and provides information about the Masorah, Qere and Ketib, and text-critical notes contained in Biblia Hebraica Quinta.

The Masorah parva is notes written in the margin of the text while the Masorah magna is notes written immediately below the text. The Masorah magna provides translations in the accompanying commentary.

Qere refers to the consonants to read according to the Masoretic tradition while Ketib refers to the word unchanged with vowel points to use with the Qere.

Reading the Masoretic

Text and Notes


in
Biblia Hebraica Quinta

Copyright 2012 Andrew E. Steinmann. These downloadable resources are provided free of charge as supplementary material to the
publication Fundamental Biblical Hebrew. Other than downloading or reproducing this resource for personal, bible study, classroom, or
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In margin is the
Masorah parva
The printed text is the
consonants, vowels,
accents and Masorah of
the Leningrad codex

Immediately below the


text is the Masorah
magna; a translation of
the Mm is provided in the
accompanying
commentary

2012 Andrew E. Steinmann

Qere
These are the
consonants to
read with the
vowel points in
the text
according to
the Masoretic
tradition

Ketib
This is the word
unaltered by the
Masoretes with
the vowel points
to be used with
the Qere

2012 Andrew E. Steinmann

= occurs only once in


the MT of the Bible with
this combination of vowel
points
More complicated notes are
often explained in the
commentary section

2012 Andrew E. Steinmann

= occurs only twice in


the MT of the Bible with
this combination of vowel
points

= three times
= four times
= five times, etc.

2012 Andrew E. Steinmann

The bottom of the page


contains text-critical notes.
Each note begins with the
text under discussion
Each note ends with a
large dot
7

2012 Andrew E. Steinmann

Order of Text-Critical
Information

Witnesses that agree with the MT


are given first
A vertical line separates
different readings

Witnesses disagreeing with


the MT follow, preceded by
their reading
Editors evaluation in parentheses
(English abbreviations)
Case is discussed in the textcritical commentary
8

2012 Andrew E. Steinmann

Some common abbreviations


for textual witnesses:
M = Masoretic text/manuscripts
Mket = Masoretic ketib
Mqere = Masoretic qere
G = Septuagint
S = Syriac
T = Targum
V = Vulgate
Ms
Mss

(superscript) = one manuscript


(superscript) = manuscripts

Qumran manuscripts:
4QRutha

Manuscript index (if more than


one ms of a book in a cave)
Biblical book/manuscript number
Qumran
Cave number
9

2012 Andrew E. Steinmann

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