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Flowchart and Paragraph Proofs

The document discusses different styles of geometric proofs, including flowchart proofs and paragraph proofs. It provides examples of reading, writing, and converting between two-column, flowchart, and paragraph proofs. The key steps are to list the given information, justify each statement with the matching geometric definition or theorem, and ensure all reasoning is shown to prove the conclusion.

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610 views25 pages

Flowchart and Paragraph Proofs

The document discusses different styles of geometric proofs, including flowchart proofs and paragraph proofs. It provides examples of reading, writing, and converting between two-column, flowchart, and paragraph proofs. The key steps are to list the given information, justify each statement with the matching geometric definition or theorem, and ensure all reasoning is shown to prove the conclusion.

Uploaded by

api-265481804
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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2-7

2-7 Flowchart
Flowchartand
andParagraph
ParagraphProofs
Proofs

Warm Up
Lesson Presentation
Lesson Quiz

Holt
Geometry
Holt
Geometry

2-7 Flowchart and Paragraph Proofs


Warm Up

Complete each sentence.


1. If the measures of two angles are
angles are congruent.
2. If two angles form a

? , then the

equal
? , then they are

supplementary.

linear pair
3. If two angles are complementary to the same
angle, then the two angles are

Holt Geometry

? .

congruent

2-7 Flowchart and Paragraph Proofs

Objectives
Write flowchart and paragraph proofs.
Prove geometric theorems by using
deductive reasoning.

Holt Geometry

2-7 Flowchart and Paragraph Proofs

Vocabulary
flowchart proof
paragraph proof

Holt Geometry

2-7 Flowchart and Paragraph Proofs

A second style of proof is a flowchart proof, which


uses boxes and arrows to show the structure of the
proof.
The justification for each step is written below the
box.

Holt Geometry

2-7 Flowchart and Paragraph Proofs

Holt Geometry

2-7 Flowchart and Paragraph Proofs


Example 1: Reading a Flowchart Proof
Use the given flowchart proof to write a twocolumn proof.
Given: 2 and 3 are comp.
1 3
Prove: 2 and 1 are comp.
Flowchart proof:

Holt Geometry

2-7 Flowchart and Paragraph Proofs


Example 1 Continued
Two-column proof:

Statements

Reasons

1. 2 and 3 are comp.


1 3

1. Given

2. m2 + m3 = 90

2. Def. of comp. s

3. m1 = m3

3. Def. of s

4. m2 + m1 = 90

4. Subst.

5. 2 and 1 are comp.

5. Def. of comp. s

Holt Geometry

2-7 Flowchart and Paragraph Proofs


Check It Out! Example 1
Use the given flowchart proof to write a twocolumn proof.
Given: RS = UV, ST = TU
Prove: RT TV
Flowchart proof:

Holt Geometry

2-7 Flowchart and Paragraph Proofs


Check It Out! Example 1 Continued

Statements
1. RS = UV, ST = TU

Reasons
1. Given

2. RS + ST = TU + UV 2. Add. Prop. of =
3. RS + ST = RT,
TU + UV = TV
4. RT = TV

3. Seg. Add. Post.

5. RT TV

5. Def. of segs.

Holt Geometry

4. Subst.

2-7 Flowchart and Paragraph Proofs


Example 2: Writing a Flowchart Proof
Use the given two-column proof to write a
flowchart proof.
Given: B is the midpoint of AC.
Prove: 2AB = AC

Holt Geometry

2-7 Flowchart and Paragraph Proofs


Example 2 Continued
Flowchart proof:

Holt Geometry

2-7 Flowchart and Paragraph Proofs


Check It Out! Example 2
Use the given two-column proof to write a
flowchart proof.
Given: 2 4
Prove: m1 m3
Two-column Proof:

Holt Geometry

2-7 Flowchart and Paragraph Proofs


Check It Out! Example 2 Continued

Holt Geometry

2-7 Flowchart and Paragraph Proofs


A paragraph proof is a style of proof that
presents the steps of the proof and their
matching reasons as sentences in a paragraph.
Although this style of proof is less formal than
a two-column proof, you still must include
every step.

Holt Geometry

2-7 Flowchart and Paragraph Proofs

Holt Geometry

2-7 Flowchart and Paragraph Proofs


Example 3: Reading a Paragraph Proof
Use the given paragraph proof to write a twocolumn proof.
Given: m1 + m2 = m4
Prove: m3 + m1 + m2 = 180
Paragraph Proof: It is given that
m1 + m2 = m4. 3 and 4 are
supplementary by the Linear Pair Theorem.
So m3 + m4 = 180 by definition. By
Substitution, m3 + m1 + m2 = 180.

Holt Geometry

2-7 Flowchart and Paragraph Proofs


Example 3 Continued
Two-column proof:

Statements

Reasons

1. m1 + m2 = m4

1. Given

2. 3 and 4 are supp.

2. Linear Pair Theorem

3. m3 + m4 = 180

3. Def. of supp. s

4. m3 + m1 + m2 =
180

4. Substitution

Holt Geometry

2-7 Flowchart and Paragraph Proofs


Check It Out! Example 3
Use the given paragraph proof to write a twocolumn proof.
Given: WXY is a right angle. 1 3
Prove: 1 and 2 are complementary.
Paragraph Proof: Since WXY is a right angle,
mWXY = 90 by the definition of a right angle. By
the Angle Addition Postulate, mWXY = m2 +
m3. By substitution, m2 + m3 = 90. Since 1
3, m1 = m3 by the definition of congruent
angles. Using substitution, m2 + m1 = 90. Thus
by the definition of complementary angles, 1 and
2 are complementary.
Holt Geometry

2-7 Flowchart and Paragraph Proofs


Check It Out! Example 3 Continued
Statements

Reasons

1. WXY is a right angle.

1. Given

2. mWXY = 90

2. Def. of right angle

3. m2 + m3 = mWXY

3. Angle Add. Postulate

4. m2 + m3 = 90

4. Subst.

5. 1 3

5. Given

6. m1 = m3

6. Def. of s

7. m2 + m1 = 90

7. Subst.

8. 1 and 2 are comp.

8. Def. of comp. angles

Holt Geometry

2-7 Flowchart and Paragraph Proofs


Example 4: Writing a Paragraph Proof
Use the given two-column proof to write a
paragraph proof.
Given: 1 and 2 are complementary
Prove: 3 and 4 are complementary

m3 + m4 = 90
3 and 4 are comp.
Holt Geometry

2-7 Flowchart and Paragraph Proofs


Example 4 Continued
Paragraph proof:

Holt Geometry

2-7 Flowchart and Paragraph Proofs


Check It Out! Example 4
Use the given two-column proof to write a
paragraph proof.
Given: 1 4
Prove: 2 3
Two-column proof:

Holt Geometry

2-7 Flowchart and Paragraph Proofs


Check It Out! Example 4 Continued

Paragraph proof:
It is given that 1 4. By the Vertical
Angles Theorem, 1 2 and 3 4. By
the Transitive Property of Congruence, 2
4. Also by the Transitive Property of
Congruence, 2 3.
Holt Geometry

2-7 Flowchart and Paragraph Proofs


Lesson Quiz
Use the two-column proof at right to write
the following.
1. a flowchart proof

2. a paragraph proof

Holt Geometry

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