Slope Deflection Examples:

Fixed End Moments

For a member AB with a length L and any given load the fixed end moments are given by:

2
FEM AB = ( 2 ⋅ gB − g A )
L2
2
FEMBA = 2 ( g B − 2 ⋅ g A )
L
Where: gB and gA are the moments of the bending moment diagrammes of the statically determinate beam
about B and A respectively.

Example: Determine the fixed end moments of a beam with a point load.

Simply supported beam with bending moment diagramme. Centroid in accordance with standard tables.

2
FEM AB = ( 2 ⋅ gB − g A )
L2
2  L Wab  b + L  L Wab  a + L  
FEM AB = 2 2⋅ ⋅ ⋅ − ⋅ ⋅ 
L  2 L  3  2 L  3 
2 ⋅ Wab  2b + 2L − a − L 
FEM AB =  
L2  3 
2 ⋅ Wab  2b + a + b − a 
FEM AB =  
L2  3 
2 ⋅ Wab 2
FEM AB =
L2

In a similar way FEMBA may be calculated.

Slope-deflection Page 1 of 20 3/22/2010

Use of slope-deflection equations:
Example 1: Determine the bending moment diagramme of the following statically indeterminate beam.

The unknowns are as follows: θ A, θ B, θ C = 0, ψ AB = 0, ψ BC =0

We require two equations to solve the two unknown rotations:

∑M A = 0 ∴ M AB = 0
2 ⋅ EI
M AB = ( 2 ⋅ θ A + θ B − 3 ⋅ψ AB ) + FEM AB
L
2 ⋅ EI 10 ⋅ 4
M AB = ( 2 ⋅θ A + θ B ) +
4 8
M AB = EI ⋅ θ A + 0,5 ⋅ EI ⋅ θ B + 5

∑M A =0
EI θ A + 0,5 EI θ B +5=0 (1)

∑M B = 0 ∴ M BA + M BC = 0

2 ⋅ EI
MBA = ( θ A + 2 ⋅ θ B − 3 ⋅ψ AB ) + FEM BA
L
2 ⋅ EI 10 ⋅ 4
MBA = ( θ A + 2 ⋅θ B ) −
4 8
MBA = 0,5 ⋅ EI ⋅ θ A + 1⋅ EI ⋅ θ B − 5

2 ⋅ EI
MBC = ( 2 ⋅ θ B + θ C − 3 ⋅ψ BC ) + FEM BC
L
2 ⋅ EI 5 ⋅ 62
MBC = ( 2 ⋅θ B ) +
6 12
MBC = 0,66667 ⋅ θ B + 15

MBA + MBC = 0

0,5 EI θ A + 1,66667 EI θ B + 10 = 0 (2)

Solve the unknowns:

θ A = - 2,35294/EI
θ B = - 5,29412/EI

Calculate the values of the moments:

MBA = 0,5 x –2,35294 – 5,29412 – 5 = -11,471 kN.m

Slope-deflection Page 2 of 20 3/22/2010

MBC = 0,6667 x – 5,29412 + 15 = + 11,471 kN.m
2 ⋅ EI
MCB = ( θ B + 2 ⋅ θC − 3 ⋅ψ BC ) + FEMCB
L
2 ⋅ EI −5 ⋅ 6 2
MCB = ( θB ) +
6 12
MCB = 0,3333 x –5,29412 – 15 = -16,675 kN.m

Draw the bending moment diagramme.

The Modified Slope-Deflection Equation with a Hinge at A:

We would like to eliminate θ A from the equation as we know that MAB = 0.

2 ⋅ EI
M AB = ( 2 ⋅ θ A + θ B − 3 ⋅ψ AB ) + FEM AB
L
Solve for θ A.

FEM AB L θ 3 ⋅ ψ AB
θA = − ⋅ − B +
2 2 ⋅ EI 2 2

2 ⋅ EI
MBA = ( θ A + 2 ⋅ θ B − 3 ⋅ψ AB ) + FEM BA
L
Replace θ A in this equation.

2 ⋅ EI  θ 3 ⋅ ψ AB  1
MBA = 2 ⋅θB − B + − 3 ⋅ψ AB  + FEM BA − ⋅ FEM AB
L  2 2  2

3 ⋅ EI 1
MBA = ( θ B − ψ AB ) + FEM BA − ⋅ FEM AB
L 2

This equation may be used to reduce the number of unknown rotations.

Solve the previous problem using the modified slope-deflection equation.

Slope-deflection Page 3 of 20 3/22/2010

The unknowns are as follows: θ A use the modified slope-deflection equation, θ B, θ C = 0, ψ AB = 0, ψ BC =0
The total number of unknowns is reduced to θ B

∑M B = 0 ∴ M BA + M BC = 0

3 ⋅ EI 1
MBA = ( θ B − ψ AB ) + FEM BA − ⋅ FEM AB
L 2
3 ⋅ EI 10 ⋅ 4 1  10 ⋅ 4 
MBA = ( θB ) − − 
4 8 2  8 
MBA = 0,75 ⋅ EI ⋅ θ A − 7,5

2 ⋅ EI
MBC = ( 2 ⋅ θ B + θ C − 3 ⋅ψ BC ) + FEM BC
L
2 ⋅ EI 5 ⋅ 62
MBC = ( 2 ⋅θ B ) +
6 12
MBC = 0,66667 ⋅ θ B + 15

MBA + MBC = 0

1,41667 EI θ B + 7,5 = 0 (1)

θ B = - 5,29412/EI

Bending moments are as calculated previously.

Example 2: Determine the bending moment diagramme of the following structure.

Unknowns: θ A – use modified SD equation, θ B, θ C, θ E – use modified SD equation, Ψ AB = Ψ BC = Ψ CD = 0

∑M B = 0 ∴ M BA + M BC + M BE = 0

Slope-deflection Page 4 of 20 3/22/2010

 3 ⋅ EI 1
MBA = ( θ B − ψ AB ) + FEM BA − ⋅ FEM AB
L 2
No Loads No FEM:
3 ⋅ 2EI
MBA = ( θ B ) = 1,5 ⋅ EI ⋅ θ B
4

2 ⋅ EI
MBC = ( 2 ⋅ θ B + θ C − 3 ⋅ψ BC ) + FEM BC
L
2 ⋅ 3EI 20 ⋅ 4
MBC = ( 2 ⋅θ B + θC ) +
4 8
MBC = 3,0 ⋅ EI ⋅ θ B + 1,5 ⋅ EI ⋅ θ C + 10

3 ⋅ EI 1
MBE = ( θ B − ψ BE ) + FEM BE − ⋅ FEM EB
L 2
3 ⋅ EI
MBE = ( θ B ) = 1,0 ⋅ EI ⋅ θ B
3

∑M B = 0 ∴ 1,5 ⋅ EI ⋅ θ B + 3,0 ⋅ EI ⋅ θ B + 1,5 ⋅ EI ⋅ θ C + 10 + 1,0 ⋅ EI ⋅ θ B = 0

5,5 ⋅ EI ⋅ θ B + 1,5 ⋅ EI ⋅ θ C + 10 = 0 (1)

∑M C = 0 ∴ MCB + MCD = 0

2 ⋅ EI
MCB = ( θ B + 2 ⋅ θC − 3 ⋅ψ BC ) + FEMCB
L
2 ⋅ 3EI 20 ⋅ 4
MCB = ( θB + 2 ⋅θC ) −
4 8
MCB = 1,5 ⋅ EI ⋅ θ B + 3,0 ⋅ EI ⋅ θ C − 10

2 ⋅ EI
MCD = ( 2,0 ⋅ θ C + θ D − 3 ⋅ψ CD ) + FEMCD
L
2 ⋅ 2EI
MCD = ( 2,0 ⋅ θC + 0 − 3 ⋅ 0 ) + 0
4
MCD = 2,0 ⋅ EI ⋅ θ C

∑M C = 0 ∴ 1,5 ⋅ EI ⋅ θ B + 3,0 ⋅ EI ⋅ θ C − 10 + 2 ⋅ EI ⋅ θ C = 0
1,5 ⋅ EI ⋅ θ B + 5 ⋅ EI ⋅ θ C − 10 = 0 (2)

Solve for θ A and θ B.

−2,57426
θB =
EI
+2,77228
θC =
EI

−2,57426
MBA = 1,5 ⋅ EI ⋅ θ B = 1,5 ⋅ EI ⋅ = −3,861 kN.m
EI
MBC = 3,0 ⋅ −2,57426 + 1,5 ⋅ 2,77228 + 10 = +6,4355 kN.m
MBE = 1,0 ⋅ −2,57426 = −2,574 kN.m
MCB = 1,5 ⋅ −2,57426 + 3,0 ⋅ 2,77228 − 10 = −5,545 kN.m

Slope-deflection Page 5 of 20 3/22/2010

MCD = 2,0 ⋅ 2,77228 = 5,545 kN.m
2 ⋅ EI
MDC = ( θC + 2,0 ⋅ θ D − 3 ⋅ψ CD ) + FEM DC = EI ⋅ θ C = 2,772 kN.m
L

Sway Structures
One of the ways in which can calculate whether a structure can sway and the number of independent sway
mechanisms, is to convert the structural elements to bar hinged elements and to determine the degree of
instability. The degree of instability will also be the number of independent sway mechanisms.

Example:

Structure with bar-hinged elements:

s=5
r=7 s+r = 12
n=6 2n = 12
2n – (s + r) =0 No independent sway mechanism

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Example:

Structure with bar-hinged elements:

s=5
r=6 s+r = 11
n=6 2n = 12
2n – (s + r) =1 One independent sway mechanism

Example: Determine the bending moment diagramme of the following structure:

s=3
r=4 s+r =7
n=4 2n =8
2n – (s + r) =1 One independent sway mechanism

Sway of the structure.

P ⋅L
One assumes that the member BC does not deform as AE is so large that ⇒0
A⋅E
If this is true, BB’ must = CC’.

Slope-deflection Page 7 of 20 3/22/2010

But BB’ = 6 ψ AB therefore ψ CD = CC’/4 = 6 ψ AB /4 = 1,5 ψ AB .

Call ψ AB ,-ψ.

Unknown in this case: θ A=0

θ B?
θ C?
θ D use the modified slope deflection equation.
ψ ?
We require three equations to solve the unknowns.

∑M B =0
∑M C =0

For the third equation, one must investigate all the external forces that are applied to the structure.

The axial forces YAB and YDC are usually difficult to determine, whereas the shear forces VAB and VDC can be
calculated by taking moments about B of the member AB and C of the member CD respectively.

The third equation is obtained by: ∑Y = 0

∑M B = 0 ∴ M BA + M BC = 0

2 ⋅ EI
MBA = ( θ A + 2 ⋅ θ B − 3ψ AB ) + FEM BA
L
2 ⋅ EI 20 ⋅ 6
MBA = ( 2 ⋅ θ B − 3 ⋅ (−ψ )) −
6 8
MBA = EI ⋅ ( 0,6667 ⋅ θ B + 3ψ ) − 15

2 ⋅ EI
MBC = ( 2 ⋅ θ B + θ C − 3ψ BC ) + FEM BC
L
2 ⋅ EI 10 ⋅ 10
MBC = ( 2 ⋅θ B + θC ) +
10 8
MBC = EI ⋅ ( 0,4 ⋅ θ B + 0,2 ⋅ θ C ) + 12,5

∑M B = 0 ∴ EI ⋅ (1,0667 ⋅ θ B + 0,2 ⋅ θ C + ψ ) − 2,5 = 0 (1)

∑M C = 0 ∴ MCB + MCD = 0

2 ⋅ EI
MCB = ( θ B + 2 ⋅ θC − 3ψ BC ) + FEMCB
L

Slope-deflection Page 8 of 20 3/22/2010

 2 ⋅ EI 10 ⋅ 10
MCB = ( θ B + 2 ⋅ θC ) −
10 8
MCB = EI ⋅ ( 0,2 ⋅ θ B + 0,4 ⋅ θ C ) − 12,5

3 ⋅ EI 1
MCD = ( θC − ψ CD ) + FEMCD − ⋅ FEM DC
L 2
3 ⋅ EI
MCD = ( θC − ( −1,5 ⋅ψ ))
4
MCD = EI ⋅ ( 0,75 ⋅ θ C + 1,125 ⋅ ψ )

∑M C = 0 ∴ EI ⋅ ( 0,2 ⋅ θ B + 1,15 ⋅ θ C + 1,125 ⋅ ψ ) − 12,5 = 0 (2)

Take moments about B.

M AB + MBA + 20 ⋅ 3
VAB =
6

2 ⋅ EI 20 ⋅ 6
MBA = ( θ B + 3 ⋅ψ ) + = EI ⋅ (0,3333 ⋅ θ B + ψ ) + 15
6 8
EI ⋅ (0,3333 ⋅ θ B + ψ ) + 15 + EI ⋅ (0,6667 ⋅ θ B + ψ ) − 15 + 60
VAB =
6
θ 2 ⋅ψ 
VAB = EI ⋅  B + + 10
 6 6 

In a similar fashion one may calculate VDC in terms of the unknowns:

 0,75 ⋅ θC + 1,125 ⋅ ψ 
VDC = EI ⋅  
 4 
∑Y = 0 ∴ +20 − VAB − VDC = 0
EI ⋅ ( −2 ⋅ θ B − 2,25 ⋅ θ C − 7,375 ⋅ψ ) + 120 = 0 (3)

Solve the unknowns:

θ B = -18,582 / EI
θ C = - 9,61572 / EI
ψ = 24,24397 / EI

Substitute in the equations for the moments:

MAB = 33,051 kN.m

MBA = -3,144 kN.m

Slope-deflection Page 9 of 20 3/22/2010

MBC = 3,144 kN.m
MCB = - 20,063 kN.m
MCD = 20,063 kN.m

Momentary Centre of Rotation

When two points on a rigid body undergo a small displacement, the body rotates about a momentary centre
of rotation and the following angles are equal:

Example: Determine the sway angles of the following structure in terms of the sway angle ψ DB of the
following structure.

Slope-deflection Page 10 of 20 3/22/2010

D is a fixed point so that the point B may only move vertical to the member BD. B moves from B to B’. In a
similar way E is a fixed point and C can only move vertically to the member to C’. A may move horizontally.
If one looks at the member AB both ends may move so we will find a momentary centre of rotation O2 vertical
to the direction of movement. Both ends of member BC can move so we will find a momentary centre of
rotation, O1 vertical to the direction of movement of B and C.

Because movements are small relative to the length of the member, the tan ψ = the angle ψ .

BB’ = 5 x ψ BD

BB ' 5 ⋅ψ BD
ψ BC = ψ O1B = ψ O1C = = = −0,6 ⋅ ψ BD
LO1B 8,3333
CC’ = 6,667 x ψ BC =4xψ BD

CC ' 4 ⋅ψ BD
ψ CE = = = ψ BD
LCE 4
CC '' 5 ⋅ψ BD
ψ AB = ψ O2B = ψ O1A = = = + 0,5 ⋅ψ BD
LO2B 10
The direction of the angle is important. If it is clock-wise it is negative. ψ BD as shown is negative so ψ BC will
be positive.

Example:
Determine the bending moment diagramme of the following sway structure.

Slope-deflection Page 11 of 20 3/22/2010

Structure with sway mechanism.

Determine the number of independent sway mechanisms:

s=4 r=5 s+r=9
n = 5 2n = 10
2n –(s + r) = 1
1 independent sway mechanism!

Unknowns θ A use modified slope-deflection equation

θ B ?
θ C use modified slope-deflection equation
θ B 0
θ E 0
ψ ?
2 unknown – we require 2 equations

Set ψ DB = -ψ
BB’ = 4 ψ
BB ' 4 ⋅ ψ
ψ BC = ψ BO1 = ψ CO1 = = = 0,5 ⋅ ψ
LO1B 8
CC’ = 10 ψ BC = 5 ψ
CC ' 5 ⋅ψ
ψ CE = − =− = −ψ
LCE 5

∑M B = 0 ∴ M BA + M BC + M BD = 0

3 ⋅ EI 1
MBA = ( θ B − ψ AB ) + FEM BA − FEM AB
L 2
3 ⋅ EI 30 ⋅ 6 1  30 ⋅ 6 
MBA = ( θB ) − − 
6 8 2  8 
MBA = 0,5 ⋅ EI ⋅ θ B − 33,75

3 ⋅ EI 1
MBC = ( θ B − ψ BC ) + FEM BC − FEMCB
L 2
3 ⋅ EI
MBC = ( θB −ψ )
6
MBC = 0,5 ⋅ EI ⋅ θ B − 0,25 ⋅ EI ⋅ ψ

2 ⋅ EI
MBD = ( 2 ⋅ θ B + θ D − 3 ⋅ψ BD ) + FEM BD
L

Slope-deflection Page 12 of 20 3/22/2010

 2 ⋅ EI
MBD =
4
( 2 ⋅ θ B − 3 ⋅ ( −ψ ) )
MBD = 1,0 ⋅ EI ⋅ θ B + 1,5 ⋅ EI ⋅ψ

∑M B = 0 ∴ 2 ⋅ EI ⋅ θ B + 1,25 ⋅ EI ⋅ ψ − 33,75 = 0 (1)

To determine the second equation one must view all the external forces on the structure:

As it is difficult to determine YDB and YEC we will take moments about a point where their moment is known
to be 0. The momentary centre of rotation, O1, is such a point.

Determine the unknown forces in terms of the unknown rotations and translational angles.

Member AB
∑ MB = 0 ∴VAB ⋅ 6 − 30 ⋅ 3 − M BA = 0
0,5 ⋅ EI ⋅ θ B + 56,25
VAB =
6

Member BD
∑ MB = 0 ∴VDB ⋅ 4 − M DB − M BD = 0
2 ⋅ EI
MDB = ( θ B + 2 ⋅ θ D − 3 ⋅ψ BD ) + FEM DB
L
MDB = 0,5 ⋅ EI ⋅ θ B + 1,5 ⋅ EI ⋅ψ
MDB + MBD 1,5 ⋅ EI ⋅ θ B + 3 ⋅ EI ⋅ ψ
VDB = =
4 4

Member CE
∑ MC = 0 ∴ VEC ⋅ 5 − M EC = 0
3 ⋅ EI 1
MEC = ( θ E − ψ EC ) + FEM EC − FEMCE
L 2

Slope-deflection Page 13 of 20 3/22/2010

 3 ⋅ EI
MEC = ( −( −ψ )) = 0,6 ⋅ EI ⋅ψ
5
M 0,6 ⋅ EI ⋅ ψ
VEC = EC =
5 5

Take moments about the momentary centre of rotation:

VAB x 6 + VDB x 12 + VEC x 15 – 30 x 3 – MDB – MEC = 0

0,5 ⋅ EI ⋅ θ B + 56,25 + 4,5 ⋅ EI ⋅ θ B + 9 ⋅ EI ⋅ψ + 1,8 ⋅ EI ⋅ ψ − 90 − 0,5 ⋅ EI ⋅ θ B − 1,5 ⋅ EI ⋅ ψ − 0,6 ⋅ EI ⋅ψ = 0
∑M O1 = 0 ∴ 4,5 ⋅ EI ⋅ θ B + 8,7 ⋅ EI ⋅ψ − 33,75 = 0 (2)

Solve the unknowns:

θ B = 21,3535
EI
ψ = − 7,16561
EI

MBA = -23,073 kN.m

MBC = +12,468 kN.m
MBD = +10,605 kN.m
MDB = -0,072 kN.m
MEC = -4,299 kN.m

Bending moment diagramme

Calculate the bending moments and draw the bending moment diagramme of the following structure.

Change the nodes to hinges and calculate the number of independent sway mechanisms.
s=6
r=6
(s + r) = 12
n=7
2 n = 14 therefore 2 n – (s+r) = 2 with two independent sway mechanisms

Slope-deflection Page 14 of 20 3/22/2010

We have three unknowns, namely θ B, θ D and ψ . We require three equations to solve these unknowns.

∑M B = 0 ∴ M BA +M BC + M BF = 0

3 ⋅ EI 1
MBA = ⋅ ( θ B − ψ BA ) + FEM BA − ⋅ FEM AB
L 2
3 ⋅ 2EI 6 ⋅ 52 1  6 ⋅ 5 2 
MBA = ⋅ ( θB − 0) − − ⋅+ 
5 12 2  12 
MBA = 1,2 EI θ B – 18,75

3 ⋅ EI 1
MBc = ⋅ ( θ B − ψ BC ) + FEM Bc − ⋅ FEM CB
L 2
3 ⋅ 2EI
MBc = ⋅ ( θ B − ( −ψ )) + 0 − 0
3
MBC = 2 EI θ B + 2 EI ψ

2 ⋅ EI
MBF = ⋅ ( 2θ B + θ F − 3ψ BF ) + FEM BF
L
2 ⋅ EI
MBF = ⋅ ( 2θ B + 0 − 0 ) + 0
4
MBF = 1 EI θ B

∑M B = 0 ∴ 4,2 ⋅ EI ⋅ θ B + 2 ⋅ EI ⋅ ψ − 18,75 = 0 (1)

∑M D = 0 ∴ M DC +M DE + M DG = 0

3 ⋅ EI 1
MDC = ⋅ ( θ D − ψ DC ) + FEM DC − ⋅ FEM CD
L 2
3 ⋅ 2EI
MDC = ⋅ ( θD −ψ )
3
MDC = 2 EI θ D - 2 EI ψ

MDE = + 10 x 2 = + 20

2 ⋅ EI
MDG = ⋅ ( 2θ D + θ G − 3ψ DG ) + FEM DG
L
2 ⋅ EI
MDG = ⋅ ( 2θ D )
4

Slope-deflection Page 15 of 20 3/22/2010

MDG = EI θ D

∑M D = 0 ∴ 3 ⋅ EI ⋅ θ D − 2 ⋅ EI ⋅ ψ + 20 = 0 (2)

Third equation may be obtained from the vertical equilibrium of node C

-VCB - VCD – 20 = 0

−MBC −2 ⋅ EI ⋅ θ B − 2 ⋅ EI ⋅ ψ
VCB = =
3 3

+MDC +2 ⋅ EI ⋅ θ D − 2 ⋅ EI ⋅ψ
VCD = =
3 3

-VCB - VCD – 20 = 0

+2 ⋅ EI ⋅ θ B − 2 ⋅ EI ⋅ θ D − 4 ⋅ EI ⋅ψ
− 20 = 0
3
+ 2 EI θ B - 2 EI θ D - 4 EI ψ = 60 (3)

Solve the three simultaneous equations:

θ B -6.0185/EI
θ D 8.0093/EI
ψ 22.0139/EI

MBA = - 25,972 kN.m

MBC = + 31,991 kN.m
MBF = - 6,0185 kN.m
MFB = - 3,009 kN.m
MDC = - 28,009 kN.m
MDG = + 8,009 kN.m
MGD = + 4,005 kN.m

Example 2:

Slope-deflection Page 16 of 20 3/22/2010

The support D of the structure undergoes the following displacement, 10 mm vertically down and 20 mm
horizontally to the left. E = 200 GPa and I = 50 x 10-6 m4.

If one determines the number of independent sway mechanisms we see that there is one. The unknowns are
thus θ B and ψ .

The sway angles will consist of a known angle as a result of the displacement of D and the unknown, ψ .

Determine the known angles for the 10 mm and 20 mm displacement individually and add them together.
In order to do this the unknown sway must be prevented.

For the 10 mm displacement, B drops vertically by 10 mm. The sway angles are thus equal to BB’/Length of
the member:

0,010
ψ AB = − = −2,5 x 10−3
4
0,010
ψ BC = = 1,1111 x 10 −3
9

For the 20 mm displacement, B may only move vertically so that both ends of member BD move and in this
way we will find a momentary centre of rotation.
ψ OB = ψ BD = ψ OD
0,20
ψ OD = = 5 x 10 −3
4
Therefore, ψ BD = 5,0 x 10-3

BB’ = ψ OB x 3 m = 0,015 m

0,015
ψ AB = − = −3,75 x 10 −3
4
0,015
ψ BC = = 1,66667 x 10 −3
9

Slope-deflection Page 17 of 20 3/22/2010

The total sway as a result of the displacements is the sum of the individual sway angles. Therefore:

ψ AB = −2,5 x 10 −3 − 3,75 x 10 −3 = −6,25 x 10 −3

ψ BC = 1,1111 x 10−3 + 1,6667 x 10 −3 = 2,7778 x 10 −3
ψ BD = 5,0 x 10-3

To determine the relative sway angles:

Set ψ BD = ψ , then BB’ = 5 ψ

BB ' 5 ⋅ψ
ψ AB = ψ O1B = − =− = −0,75 ⋅ψ
LO1B 6,6667
BB ' 5 ⋅ψ
ψ BC = ψ O 2B = + =+ = +0,3333 ⋅ ψ
LO 2B 15

Equations required to solve the unknowns:

∑M B = 0 ∴ M BA +M BC + M BD = 0

3 ⋅ EI 1
MBA = ⋅ ( θ B − ψ BA ) + FEM BA − ⋅ FEM AB
L 2
3 ⋅ 2 ⋅ (200 x 106 ⋅ 50 x 10 6 )
MBA =
4
(
⋅ θ B − ( −0,75 ⋅ ψ − 6,25 x 10 −3 )
MBA = 15 000 θ B + 11 250 ψ + 93,75

3 ⋅ EI 1
MBC = ⋅ ( θ B − ψ BC ) + FEM BC − ⋅ FEM CB
L 2
3 ⋅ 2 ⋅ (200 ⋅ 50) 10 ⋅ 92 1  10 ⋅ 9 2 
MBC =
9
( )
⋅ θ B − (0,3333 ⋅ ψ + 2,7778 x 10 −3 +
12
− ⋅−
2  12 


Slope-deflection Page 18 of 20 3/22/2010

MBA = 6 666,667 θ B – 2 222,22 ψ + 82,7313

2 ⋅ EI
MBD = ( 2 ⋅ θ B + θ D − 3 ⋅ψ BD ) + FEM BD
L
2 ⋅ 200 ⋅ 50
MBD =
5
(2 ⋅ θ B − 3 ⋅ (ψ + 5 x 10 −3 ) )
MBD = 8 000 θ B – 12 000 ψ - 60,00

∑M B = 0 ∴ 29 6666,67 ⋅ θ B −2 972,22 ⋅ ψ + 116,4813 = 0 (1)

For the second equation one must look at all the external forces that are applied to the structure.

As it is very difficult to determine YDB take moments about a point where the moment of YDB = 0, i.e., O2.

Take moments about B of the member AB:

MBA 15000 ⋅ θ B + 11250 ⋅ψ + 93,75

VAB = = = 3750 ⋅ θ B + 2812,5 ⋅ ψ + 23,4375
LAB 4

To determine the force VDC, take moments about B of the member BD:
M + MDB
VDB = BD
LBD

2 ⋅ EI
MDB = ( θ B + 2 ⋅ θ D − 3 ⋅ψ BD ) + FEM DB
L
2 ⋅ 200 ⋅ 50
MBD =
5
(
θ B − 3 ⋅ (ψ + 5 x 10 −3 ) )
MDB = 4 000 θ B – 12 000 ψ - 60,00

MBD + MDB 12 000 ⋅ θ B − 24 000 ⋅ ψ − 240

VDB = = = 2 400 ⋅ θ B − 4 800 ⋅ψ − 24
LBD 5

10 ⋅ 92
∑M O2 = 0 ∴VAB ⋅ 13 − VDB ⋅ 10 − M DB −
2
=0

20 750 θ B + 96 562,5 ψ + 199,6875 = 0 (2)

Solve the two simultaneous equations:

θ B = - 0,0040464
ψ = - 0,00119844

MBA = + 19,572 kN.m

Slope-deflection Page 19 of 20 3/22/2010

MBC = + 58,418 kN.m
MBD = - 77,990 kN.m
MDB = - 61,804 kN.m

Slope-deflection Page 20 of 20 3/22/2010