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Queuing Theory: Tools For Managers

This document provides an introduction and overview of queuing theory and queueing systems for managers. It defines key terms related to queueing systems such as interarrival time, queue time, service time, and utilization. It also presents an example of a simple queueing system with one server and provides statistics on the mean time in queue, mean time in system, mean number in queue, and mean number in system. Additional charts and graphs illustrate the interarrival and service time distributions, probabilities of the number of customers in the system, and waiting time distributions.

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Agi Nugroho
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14 views6 pages

Queuing Theory: Tools For Managers

This document provides an introduction and overview of queuing theory and queueing systems for managers. It defines key terms related to queueing systems such as interarrival time, queue time, service time, and utilization. It also presents an example of a simple queueing system with one server and provides statistics on the mean time in queue, mean time in system, mean number in queue, and mean number in system. Additional charts and graphs illustrate the interarrival and service time distributions, probabilities of the number of customers in the system, and waiting time distributions.

Uploaded by

Agi Nugroho
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as XLS, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 6

Welcome!

Tools for Managers

Queuing Theory
Professor Stephen R. Lawrence
College of Business and Administration
Graduate School of Business and Administration
University of Colorado
Boulder, CO 80303
303/492-4351
[email protected]

Page 1

Queues and Waiting Lines


QUEUEING SYSTEM

Customer
Arrival

Customers in
Queue

Definitions:
Queueing system -Interarrival time -Queue time -Wait time -Service time -Finish time -Utilization --

Customer
Service

Customer
Departure

Everything from the time a customer arrives through its departure


The elapsed time from one customer arrival to the next
The time a customer waits in queue for service
Same as queue time
The time it takes to service the customer
The time the customer leaves the system
The ratio of mean process time to mean interarrival time (<1.0)

Queue Input

Simple Queueing Systems


Mean Interarrival Time
Mean Service Time
Number of Servers
Time Unit

a=1
p=1/
k
t

Mean
10.000
8.000
1
Minutes

Arrival Rate
Service Rate
Server utilization

=1/a
=1/p
=l/k

0.100
0.125
80.0%

Performance Statistics
Mean time in queue
Wq
Mean time in system
W
Mean number in queue
Lq
Mean number in system
L

Probability of
Number in System
0
P0
1
P1
2
P2
3
P3
4
P4
5
P5
6
P6
7
P7
8
P8
9
P9
10
P10

(Approx)
32.00
40.00
3.20
4.00

Std Dev
10.000
8.000

CV
1.00
1.00

= ca
= cp

arrivals per Minutes


served per Minutes

Minutes
Minutes
customers
customers

(Approx)
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!

Notes: Queue performance statistics based on G/G/k heavy traffic approximation


Probability of number in system based on M/M/k approximation

Page 3

Interarrival & Service Time Distributions


0.14

Arrivals

0.12

Service

Density

0.1

0.08

0.06

0.04
0.02

0
0

10

15

Time

20

25

30

35

Probabilities

Probability of n Customers in System


12

10

Probability

0
0

Number of Customers in System

Page 5

10

Waiting Times

Waiting Time Distributions


0.0350

Density

0.0300

Time in System W
Time in Queue Wq

0.0250

0.0200

0.0150

0.0100

0.0050

0.0000
0.00

50.00

100.00

Minutes

Page 6

150.00

200.00

250.00

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