Chapter 5 Guided Reading Notes

Name:__________________________________________________________
Chapter 5: Social Structure & Society

Social structure & Status: Section 1
Social Structure Is All Around You
What is social structure?
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Everyone Has Status. What is:
Ascribed Status
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Achieved Status
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Status set
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Status
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Master status
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Section 2: Rights and Obligations
Role
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Rights
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Obligations
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Role Performance and Social Interaction

Role Performance
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Social Interaction
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Statuses and roles provide the basis for group life.
It is primarily when people interact with each other socially that they perform in
the roles attached to their statuses
Role Performance vs. Social Interaction

How does play-acting differ from social interaction?
1st
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2nd
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3rd
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Role Conflict and Role Strain
What are role conflict and role strain?
Role Conflict
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Role Strain
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How do we manage role conflict and strain?

Illustrating Social Structure Concepts
Theoretical Perspective
Social Structure Concept
Example
Functionalism
Conflict Theory
Symbolic Interactionism
Preindustrial societies: Section 3

Types of Societies
Society
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The way a society provides for basic needs greatly affects its culture and social
structure.
Preindustrial, industrial, and postindustrial societies meet basic needs in different
ways.
Preindustrial societies include hunting & gathering, horticultural, pastoral, and
agricultural societies.
Hunting & Gathering Societies
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Horticultural Society
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Pastoral Society
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Agricultural Society
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Hunting & Gathering Society
Nomadic they move from place to place with their food supply
Very small
fewer than 50 people
___________________is the only institution; related by blood or marriage.

Economic relationship= members _______________________
Generosity & hospitality are valued
Division of labor limited to ______________________________ and ___________
Horticultural Societies
Circa 10-12,000 years ago
________________________ instead of just ________________________
More permanent settlements
Stability promoted multi-community societies 1-2,000 each
_______________________ even more basic
Pastoral Societies
Depend on the products of ____________________________.
Food obtained by raising and taking care of animals
More _________________________, but ________________________ can be obtained.
___________________________ remain home, men provide food.
_________________ dominated
Surplus of food leads to ___________________________________
___________________ or ________________________ system
Agricultural Societies
Growing food
Use plows and animals
invention of the _______________________-
_______________________ productivity
People can engage in non economic activities ____________________,
____________________, __________________, ______________________
______________________ replaces _____________________________
Social classes
Industrial and post-industrial societies: Section 4
Basic Features of Industrial Societies
What happens when agricultural societies become industrial societies?
Mechanization
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Urbanization
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Industrial society
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How does the role of the family change?
A Conversation with Two Sociologists
What did Tonnies write?
Gemeinschaft
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Gesellschaft
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What were Durkheims views?
Social solidarity
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Mechanical solidarity
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Organic solidarity
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Major Features of Post-industrial Society
Post-industrial Society
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Sociologist
Daniel Bell (1999)
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2. ________________________________________________________________________
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3. ________________________________________________________________________
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4. ________________________________________________________________________
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5. ________________________________________________________________________
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Social Instability in Postindustrial Society

Historian _____________________________________ (1990)
___________________and _________________________ began to rise, making inner-city
areas of the
wealthiest societies on earth almost uninhabitable. The decline of
________________________
as a social institution, which has been going on for more than 200 years,
accelerated in the second half
of the 20th century. ____________________ and ______________ declined and
________________________ soared; and one out of every three children in the US and
more than half of all children in __________________________ were born out of wedlock.
Finally, trust and confidence in institutions went into a forty-year decline.
Will social instability continue?
What caused the return to social stability?

The situation of normalnessis intensely uncomfortable for us, and we will seek to
create new rules to replace the old ones that have been undercut.

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Name:__________________________________________________________

Chapter 5: Social Structure & Society

Section 2: Rights and Obligations

Role Performance and Social Interaction

Role Performance vs. Social Interaction

How do we manage role conflict and strain?

Social Structure Concept

Preindustrial societies: Section 3

fewer than 50 people

___________________is the only institution; related by blood or marriage.

invention of the _______________________-

Social Instability in Postindustrial Society

Will social instability continue?

What caused the return to social stability?

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