Appendix A

MC 68000 CourseNotes

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8.6 AC ELECTRICAL
8-6 andB-7
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Charactoristic

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AppendixA

8.6 AC ELECTRICAL
- R E A DA N D
SPECIFICATIONS
Num.

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Notes

r o r a l o a d l n gc a p a c r t a n coet l e s st h a no r e q u a l1 05 0 p r c o i a r a o s ,
s u b t r a c5r n a n o s e c o n d' sr o m t n e v a r u eg r v e nr n t h e s ec o r u m n s
2 A c t u a lv a l u ed e p e n d so n c i o c ko e f l o d
3 )f 147 is satrsiieotor oorh DTAER ano BEFF. i4e may
ce 0 nanoseconos
4 F o r p o w e ru o ' t h e M P U m u s t b e h e l d r n F E S E I ' s t a t er o r
l o c m s r o a r ls r a o r r r z a t r o fn o n - c n r oc r r c u r l r vA. f l e r t h e
s y s l e mr s
p o w e r e du p , / 5 6 r e f e r st o t h e m r n r m u m
D U i s ew r d l h r e e u r r e cr o r e s e t n e s y s l e m .
a t 1 4 , t 1 4 A , ,a n d# 2 8 a r eo n e c l o c ko e f l o dl e s si h a n r h e q r v e nn u m D e r
l o r T 6 E ,B F 4 .a n d l g M r n a s ks e t s
6 l f t h e a s y n c h r o n o usse t u ol r m e1 t 4 7 'r e q u r r e m e nat s' e " s a r r s t , e d
r n e D T E E R i o * - t e o a t u s e t u pt r m e( / 3 ' ] ) r e q u r r e m e nc ta n
oe
r g n o r e dT h e d a t a m u s t o n l v s a t t s f vt h e d a t a - r nc l o c k - l o w
s e r u pl r m e t l 2 i ) l o r t h e f o i l o w n gc y c r e .
7 F o r T 6 E .B F 4 ,a n d B g M m a s ks e r 1 1 . At r m r n ge q u a i s
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\Iotorola

Appendix A

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AppendixA - 12

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AppendixA - 13

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FOR RERT}N

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AppendixA - 16

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I\{otorola

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AppendixA - 26

MC6SOOO 6800 PERIPHERALS

. MC6821
. MC684O
. MC6845
. MC6847
. MC685O

PIA
PTM
CRTC
VDG
ACIA

. MC6852

SSDA

. MC6854

ADLC

. MC68488 GPIA

PERIPHERALINTERFACEADAPTER
PROGRAMMABLETIMER MODIILE
CRT CONTROLLER
VIDEODISPLAYGENERATOR
ASYNCI{RONOUSCOMMLIMCATION
INTERFACEADAP]ER
SERIALSYNCHRONOUS
DATA
ADAPTER
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CONTROLLER
IEEE488 BUS INTERFACEADAPTER

MC6sOOO MC68OOPERIPHERAL CONTROL

PIN DIAGRAM
vcc (2)
GND(2)

At-A23

CLK

Do-D15

FUNCTION
CO}.ITROL

FC0
FCI
FCz

w
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E
AS
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BUsW[

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BUS
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DTACK

coNTRoL EE

Motorola

AppendixA - 27

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l\{otorola

AppendixA

29

MC68OOO DMA INTRODUCTION

ADDRESSBUS
MC68000
MPU

MEMORY

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DEVICE
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MC6SOOO DMA CONCEPT

DIRECTMEMORY ACCESS
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BUS

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CONTROL
BUS

MC58000
MPU

DMA
CONTROTT FR

Motorola

VO
DEVICE
CONTROLLER

Appendix A

- 30

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AppendixA

MC6sOOO USING THE TAS INSTRUCTION

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CONTENTS

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I(NON_URO)

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AppendixA - 3{

MC6SOOOFAMILY

MATH
PROCESSING

MC58000
MC68008
MC68010
MC68012
MC68020
MC68030

MEMOR,Y
MANAGEMENT

CE^{ERAL
PI]RPOSE
!o

r MCIOR,OLAEVALUAM{G

Motorola

DATA
coMM

AppendixA - 35

MC6SOOOFAMILY PERIPHERALS
Mc68451

MMU

Ideal MMU fornondernandpagedMC6g000,MC6g0l.0systems.

MC68851

PMMU

32-bit demandvimral pagedMMU for MC68O2O

basedsystems.Feautresvariablepagesizesand45
ns tnnslations.

Mc68440

DDMA

Dual ctrannel,high speedDirectMemoryAccessConroller. Capableof 5 MBls &ta rates,and

bandwidthconrolled auo reguesting(LRAR).

MC6M50

DMAC

Four channelDirect MecroryAccessConroller. Capableof very complex"chained"da13g-ansfers.

MC6W2

DDMA

32-bit vetsionof DDtvIA- Supportfor 4 gigabyterangeof MC68020. Pin cornpatiblewith

MC58440A,tC68450.

Mc68@5

)(Pc

Inrpiernens1984ctITTX2s LAPB. Indepndentlygenerates

link level comrnands
andresponses
ssing two nbp
FIFOsard on-chipDMA Or intclligent HDI-C controller.

MC68652

MPCC

Singlecbannelbyte conrol and bit oricnted CRC (ermr conection)circuiry.

Mc6866l

EPCI

Universalsync/async.Doublebufferedreciever/tansmirer. Intemal baudrateclock

MC6868l

DUART

Dualchannel Quadbufferedron Doublebufferedxmt. Independentbaudrareselection.

Mc68824

TBc

ImPlementsrEFF 8024 TokenBus MediaAccessConuol whichGM IvIAPspecifiesaslaya 2

MC68l84

BIc

Macrocellimplernentationof digial portionof rFF'F 8024 BroadbandphysicalI-ayer.

Mc68194

cBM

Bipotr impleareor-rionof IFFF 8024 carierband physicallayer.

68HC463

Hrc

Hsd diskconuoller,4 5T506or 8 SMD &ives. (Motorolaervaluaung)

MC68230

PVT

Uni&idirectional8n6bit doublebufferedparallelinterface.
2&brttirnerwlprescalar.

Mc68901

MFP

SinglechannelUSART. 8 sourceinrcrruptconroller. 8 parallelIlo lines. Four8-bit rimers.

68HC4&1 ACRrc

8/lcbit CPUinterface.5Oorsftixel 2k x 2kpixelsfor 16colors,4k x 4kfsr monochrome.

(Motorolaevaluating)

MC68l53

BIM

Routesintentps from 4 udepc{dcrit sourcesa anyof 7 M68mOMPU internrprlevels.

MC68452

BAM

Atbitrates accessof an M68000 system bus berweenup to 8 local masters.

MT8685-1

Motorola

Appendix A

- 36

MC68OOO
FAMILY GENEALOGY

z
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F

F
J

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Motorola

r'85

r'96

AppendixA - 37

EFFECTIVE ADDRESS

ADDRESS
MOST INSTRUCTIONSOPERATEON AN EFFECTTVE
<ea>
TFIE <e> IS SUPPLIEDAS A PART OF T}IE INSTRUCTION,BY
THE PROGRAMMER.
T}IE <ea> IS SPECIFIEDBY TFIEADDRESSINGMODE. ENCODED
IN THE OPERATIONWORD.

EFFECTIVE ADDRESS
15
OPWORD

65

32

MODE I REG
EA FIELD

EA MODE
1 000
2 001
3 010
4 011
5 100
8 111
9 111
12 111

Motorola

REG
REG#
REG#
REG#
REG#
REG#
000
001
100

ADDRESSING
MODE
DATA REGIS]ERDIRECT
ADDRESSREGISTERDIRECT
ADDRESSREGISTERINDIRECT(ARD
ARI WTIH POSTINCREMENT
ARI WTTHPREDECREMENT
ABSOLI.]TESHORT
ABSOLI.J"IE
LONG
IMMEDIATE

SOURCE
SYNTAX
Dn
An
(An)
(An) +
-(An)

$)ooo(
$)acooooc<
#)ooo(

Appendix A

- 38

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AppendixA - 40

!ro
?

PROGRAM COUNTER RELATIVE

FOR BRANCHES
.EA=PC+d
. An Example

BRA

NDCTIJOC
owl = 01000O*
r(owl+2) = 010flD--)

MPU

(diq8) = (X)0010

+ +

NEI|TLOC= 010012-->

OBTAINEA OF SECONDBRANCHINST:

. OPWORDDECODE
GTVEN

0110

GIVEN

.-d

0000

r(owl+2) =

(disp)=

00010000
NEWPC =

OPWORD LOCATION +2 is thc reluive addrcssto which the

displacernentis sddcd
The displaccmcntis SIGNED and is E(TENDED to a long word
bcfore it is rddcd to the PC.

INSTRUCTIONS WITH
TWO EFFECTIVE ADDRESSES
. GENERAL FORM
INST SOURCEEA, DESTINATION EA
. GENERAL OPWORD
CIVEN

DEST

EA

INST

REG

MODE

SOURCEEA

MODE

REG

0r0

011

. EXAMPLES
MOVE.W (A3), D1
001I

001

000

MOVE.L A.5.- (A1)

0010

Motorola

AppendixA - 41

DATA

MOVE.s

Source,Destination
(Source)-+ Destinarion

EXG.L

Rx, Ry
(Rx)<+ (Rv)

SWAP.W

Dn
Dnlow <+Dnhigh

EXT.s

Dn
SignExtendDn BYteto Word
SignExtendDn Word to Long Word

MOVE INSTRUCTION
MOVE.s

<ea> , <ea>
--r
-_1

SOURCE

DESTINATION

. WHERE 'S' SPECIFIESLENGTH OF DATA

BEING TRANSFERRED

B _BYTE
w - woRD (DEFAIJ'I-T)
L - LONG WORD

Motorola

AppendixA - 42

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Motorola

AppendixA - 46

ADDRESSREGISTERINDIRECT
WITH DISPLACEMENT
USEDTO REFERENCE
ELEMENTSWTruIN AN ARRAY;ACCESSINDTVIDUAL
VO LOCATIONSWTTHINA BLOCKOF UO DEVICES

. EA = (An) + displacement(word)

. An Exampie

CLR.W

Sr2(A2

MPU

owl

A2

owi+2

exlensron

I oool3oool
013012

. OP WORD DECODE

word

ADD.REG.
IND. with DISP.

Az

0000

0001

0010

. EXTENSION
0000

.Dsplaccocnr is always a word sigp Extcadcd o a long wcr,4

ADDRESS REGISTER INDIRECT with INDEX

(and DISPLACEMENT)
USED TO REFERENCEDATA WTTHIN COMPLD( STRUCTURES;
Eg: ACCESSING SINGLE OR MULTIPLE EIELDS WTNIIN MT'LTIPLE
RECORDARRAYS

o f,fi = (An) + (Rx) + displacemenr(byte)

. An Example

CLR.W

memory

$4(A2,Dl.W)

sPace
fProgram
T
4272
|
I

MPU
owl
owl+2

tOO+

data space

| exrension
I

012104

. OPWORDDECODE

WORD

. EXTENSIONWORD D

DE

ADD.REC.
IND.WTTflINDD(

A2

PLACEMENT
. Rdcrcnce hogrammss's lvfgnrrl

i\Iotorola

Appendix A

- 47

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4
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- ,18

DATA MOVEMENT INSTRUCTIONS

OPERANI
INSTRUCTION S I Z E

MO1E

8,16,32

MOVEA

t6,32

MO\/Efr,mSR.

l6

MO'r'E!oCCR

l6

.MOVEtoSR

16

.MOVEUSP

32

MO\EQ

a',

EtCi

?)

SWAP

DESTNAT]ON

(SOIJRCE)+
SR -..}

DESTL\ATION

MMEDIATEDATA-}

R: ++
Dnlw {+

ALL
DATA
ALTERABLE

<es>. An

MOVE.W SR <ea>

CCR

(souRc) -4> SR
USP --+
An
)

SOI.'RCEALL
DEST.DATA
ALTERABrc

MOVEg <ea>,<c! >

MOVEAs

DESTAIATION

(SOI.JRCE
) _+

16

TpRMLEGED

NOTATION

OPERATIO}I

(so{JRG)-}

ALLOWABLE
EFFECTIVE
ADDRESS
MODES

MOVEW <eo. CCR

DATA

MOVEW<co.SR

DATA

MOVE-L USP,tut
MOVE-LAn. USP

Ai: or
USP

DESTIIIATIOI\

Ry

MOVEQI#dd4Dn

E(GI

Dnhw

RxIy

SWAP Dn

s = size of &ta
B=8 biLr
W= 16 bilr
I=32biLs

MT&IG3

MC6SOOO EFFECTIVE ADDRESSING

MODE CATEGORIES
EFFECTryE
ADDRESS
MODES
Dn
An
(An)

DATA MEMORY CONTROL ALTERABLE

X
X

(An)+
-(An)

X
X

d,u(An)
d, (An,Rx)

X
X

X
X

)ooo(
)aocco(
#)ooc(

X
X

X
X
X
X
X

X
X
X
X

MT8-105-l

Nlotorola

Appendix A

- 49

9,,,

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AppendixA - 53

POSITION INDEPENDENT CONCEPT

Position Independentprogramsshould executefrom any load

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AppendixA - 58

EXTENDED PRECISION INSTRUCTIONS

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Motorola

AppendixA - 59

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Appendix A

- 67

EFFECTIVE ADDRESSINGMODES
AND CATEGORIES

EFFECTTYE
ADDRESS
MODES
h
An
(AD)

ADDRESSING

MODE

(An) +
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4c (An)

000
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ds (PCI:)
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REGISTER,

CATEGORIES

DATA MEMORY cor\"TRoLAITERABLE

REGISTERNIIMBER
REGISTERNUMBER
REGiSTERNUMBER
REGISTERNUMBER
REGISTERNUMBER
REGISTERNU}IBER

x
x

X
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KE(JT)I.E.K NUMtJts.K

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x

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A

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MT8- 188-t

MC6SOOO EA MODE CATEGORY

DESCRIPTION

DATA

MEMORY

ALTERABLE

CONTROL

If an effective address mode may be r:sed to refer

to &ta opcrands, it is considered a data
addrcssing effecrive addressmode.

If an effecriveaddressmodemay be usedro refer

to memsry operands,it is considereda memory
addressing
effectiveaddrcssmode.
If an effective addressmode may bc used ro refer
o altcrablc (writable) operands,it is considered
an alterablead&essinseffecrive addressmode.
If an effective ad&ess mode may be used to refer
to mcmory opcrands without an associatcd size, it
is considercd a conrrol addressine effcctive
addressmode.

MT8- r89

Motorola

AppendixA - 68

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SIGNALNAME
ADDRESSBUS
DATABUS
ADDRESSSTROBE

MNENI.
Al-A23
tr.LDl5

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STATE
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R/w

UPPER & I r)WER NATA STRORES II]DS

DATA TRANSFER ACKNOWLEDGE t T t l !

BUSREOUEST
BUS GRANT
TGTT

FTbJFTJ
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INTERRUTTPRJOR]TYIIVEL

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FUNCTIONCODE OUTPUT

cl,ocK
WERINPUT(2)
GROTJND(2)
NOTES:
I. OPENDRAIN

OT,'TPUT
INPTII

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GND

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NO

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NU

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MC6SOOO FOOTPRINT
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Al6
A15
A14
A13
At2
All
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A8
A7
A6
45

AppendixA - 71