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RGB To HSI

The document describes the process to convert between RGB and HSI color spaces. It involves first normalizing RGB values between 0-1, then calculating Hue (H), Saturation (S) and Intensity (I) components. Hue is calculated using inverse cosine functions of normalized color differences. Saturation is calculated as 1 minus the minimum normalized value. Intensity is the average of normalized R, G, B. The HSI values are then converted to ranges of 0-360 for Hue, 0-100 for Saturation and 0-255 for Intensity. The reverse conversion calculates normalized x, y, z components from HSI and assigns them to R, G, B based on the Hue value.

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Ghurucharan Ram
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267 views3 pages

RGB To HSI

The document describes the process to convert between RGB and HSI color spaces. It involves first normalizing RGB values between 0-1, then calculating Hue (H), Saturation (S) and Intensity (I) components. Hue is calculated using inverse cosine functions of normalized color differences. Saturation is calculated as 1 minus the minimum normalized value. Intensity is the average of normalized R, G, B. The HSI values are then converted to ranges of 0-360 for Hue, 0-100 for Saturation and 0-255 for Intensity. The reverse conversion calculates normalized x, y, z components from HSI and assigns them to R, G, B based on the Hue value.

Uploaded by

Ghurucharan Ram
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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FORMULAE

RGB to HSI Conversion:


First, we convert RGB color space image to HSI space beginning with normalizing RGB values:
r=

B
R
G
,g =
, b=
.
R+G+ B
R+G + B
R+G+ B

Each normalized H, S and I components are then obtained by,

0.5 ( r g ) + ( r b )
h = cos
1
( r g ) 2 + ( r b )( g b ) 2

h [0, ] for b g

0.5 ( r g ) + ( r b )
h = 2 cos1
1
( r g )2 + ( r b )( g b ) 2

s = 1 3 min( r , g , b ) ;

h [ , 2 ] for b > g

s [0,1]

i = ( R + G + B ) /(3 255) ;

i [0,1] .

For convenience, h, s and i values are converted in the ranges of [0,360], [0,100], [0, 255], respectively ,
by:

H = h 180 / ;

I = i 255 .

S = s 100 and

HSI to RGB Conversion:


h = H /180 ;

s = S / 100 ;

i = I / 255

x = i (1 s )

s cos( h )
y = i 1 +
cos ( / 3 h )

z = 3i ( x + y );
when h < 2 / 3 , b = x ; r = y and g = z.
when 2 / 3 h < 4 / 3 , h = h 2 / 3 , and r = x ; g = y and b = z.
when 4 / 3 h < 2 , h = h 4 / 3 , and g = x ; b = y and r = z.
The result r, g and b are normalized values, which are in the ranges of [0,1], therefore, they should be
multiplied by 255 for displaying.

Example: An image is shown here:

With RGB values as:


(150, 0, 0)
(0,150, 0)
(100,100,100)

(255, 255, 255)


(0, 0, 0)
(255, 0, 0)

(100,150, 200)

(0,
0,
255)
(100,
200,150)

RGB to HSI Conversion:

To compute HSI value of pixel (100,150,200)


1. Normalize:
r=

B
R
G
= 0.444
= 0.222 , g =
= 0.333 , b =
R+G+ B
R+G+ B
R+G+ B

2. Here b > g, so we compute H value by equation:

0.5 ( r g ) + ( r b )
h = 2 cos
= 1.167
1
( r g )2 + ( r b )( g b ) 2

Compute S value by:

s = 1 3 min( r , g , b ) = 0.333

3. Represent H,S,I values in the ranges of [0,360], [0,100] and [0, 255]:
4.
H = h 180 / = 210
S = s 100 = 33.3

I = ( R + G + B ) / 3 = 150
HSI to RGB Conversion

5. h = H / 1 8 0 = 7 / 6 ; s = S / 100 = 0.333 ; i = I / 255 = 0.588

6. When 2 / 3 h < 4 / 3 , we use following formulae


h = h 2 / 3 = / 2 ,

r = x = i (1 s ) = 0.392

s cos(h)
g = y = i 1 +
= 0.588
cos ( / 3 h )
b = z = 3i ( x + y)
7. To represent R,G,B values in the ranges of [0,255], [0,255] and [0, 255]:
8.
R = 255 r = 100
G = 255 g = 150
B = 255 b = 200

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