Summary of Gay Rights and Narratives (Page 730-732)

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Gay Rights and Narratives (pgs.

730-732)
Prepared by Joshua Lee

Intersections of Homosexuality with Race and Sex


I. Issues with “Coalition Building”
a. The term homosexual is associated with a “white gay man”
b. Different groups may not fit into this mold and there may be conflicting interests
c. Too often times, even gay legal advocates assume that a “unitary gay experience” exists
II. Sexual Orientation and Sex
a. Professor Valdes argues that society has come to use sexual orientation to define
gender
b. Discrimination based on sexual orientation is a form of sex discrimination: Society
constructs how people of different sexes should behave and homosexuality is viewed as
aberration from the norm
c. Lesbians are in a unique class because they are homosexual, but the gay movement
doesn’t totally represent them. They are also feminists, but neither group fully
represents their interests.
III. The Movement and Social Class
a. The early gay rights movement was driven by working class individuals
b. The movement has now become more mainstream and distancing itself from its roots

Same Sex-Marriage and Civil Unions


I. A Brief History (as of publication of the book)
a. Hawaii started the gay marriage debate in 1993 in a state supreme court ruling that the
law defining marriage as between a man and woman violated equal protection
b. The Federal Defense of Marriage Act was passed in 1996 providing Federal recognition
of only heterosexual marriage and that that states need no recognize homosexual
marriages from other states
c. 1999 Vermont’s supreme court ruled it unconstitutional for homosexual couples to be
denied benefits of marriage and a result, civil unions were recognized
II. Arguments for and against
a. Against gay marriage: heterosexual unions benefits society in innumerable ways
b. For gay marriage: marriage is a right vital to equality
i. Civil unions without the label of marriage are similar to “separate but equal”
treatment of blacks
c. Limitations of marriage as a vehicle for equality
i. Extending marriage to gays would seem to benefit primarily white and upper-
class gay males

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