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Equations of Motion From Direct Matrix Formation: Maxwell's Reciprocity Therorem

The document provides instructions for forming coefficient matrices from equations of motion. It describes how to determine the number of degrees of freedom and size of the mass, damping, and stiffness matrices. It then gives steps to populate the matrices by entering mass values into the diagonal of the mass matrix, damping and stiffness values within and between matrices based on connections between masses, and external forces into the force vector. The resulting matrix equation of motion combines these coefficient matrices.

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Mohammed Abid
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62 views2 pages

Equations of Motion From Direct Matrix Formation: Maxwell's Reciprocity Therorem

The document provides instructions for forming coefficient matrices from equations of motion. It describes how to determine the number of degrees of freedom and size of the mass, damping, and stiffness matrices. It then gives steps to populate the matrices by entering mass values into the diagonal of the mass matrix, damping and stiffness values within and between matrices based on connections between masses, and external forces into the force vector. The resulting matrix equation of motion combines these coefficient matrices.

Uploaded by

Mohammed Abid
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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In matrix form the equations become,

Equations of Motion from Direct Matrix Formation

Observing the above coefficient matrices, we found that all diagonal terms are positive and
contain terms that are directly attached to the corresponding elements.
Furthemore, all non-diagonal terms are negative and symmetric. They are symmetric since
they are attached to two elements and the effects are the same in these two elements (a
condition known asMaxwell's Reciprocity Therorem). They are negative due to
the relative displacements/velocities of the two attached elements.In summary,

1.

Determine the number of degrees of freedom for the problem; this


determines the size of the mass, damping, and stiffness matrices. Typically,
one degree of freedom can be associated with each mass.

2.

Enter the mass values (if associated with a degree of freedom) into the
diagonals of the mass matrix; the exact ordering does not matter. All other
values in the mass matrix are zero.

3.

For each mass (associated with a degree of freedom), sum the damping from
all dashpots attached to that mass; enter this value into the damping matrix
at the diagonal location corresponding to that mass in the mass matrix.

4.

Identify dashpots that are attached to two masses; label the masses
as m and n. Write down the negative dashpot damping at the (m, n) and

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(n, m) locations in the damping matrix. Repeat for all dashpots. Any
remaining terms in the damping matrix are zero.

5.

For each mass (associated with a degree of freedom), sum the stiffness from
all springs attached to that mass; enter this value into the stiffness matrix at
the diagonal location corresponding to that mass in the mass matrix.

6.

Identify springs that are attached to two masses; label the masses
as m and n. Write down the negative spring stiffness at the (m, n) and
(n, m) locations in the stiffness matrix. Repeat for all springs. Any remaining
terms in the stiffness matrix are zero.

7.

Sum the external forces applied on each mass (associated with a degree of
freedom); enter this value into the force vector at the row location
corresponding to the row location for that mass (in the mass matrix).

8.

The resulting matrix equation of motion is,

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