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Study Guide

Slope-intercept or point-slope form to find equations of lines that are parallel or perpendicular to a given line. The slopes of two parallel lines are negative reciprocals, that is, their product is -1. Remember that parallel lines have equal slope.

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574 views2 pages

Study Guide

Slope-intercept or point-slope form to find equations of lines that are parallel or perpendicular to a given line. The slopes of two parallel lines are negative reciprocals, that is, their product is -1. Remember that parallel lines have equal slope.

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api-234448837
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© © All Rights Reserved
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NAME

DATE

2-4

PERIOD

Study Guide and Intervention


Writing Linear Equations

Forms of Equations
Slope-Intercept Form
of a Linear Equation

y = mx + b, where m is the slope and b is the y-intercept

Point-Slope Form of a y - y1 = m(x - x1), where (x1, y1) are the coordinates of a point on the line
Linear Equation
and m is the slope of the line

Example 1

Example 2

Write an equation in
slope-intercept form for the line that

Write an equation in
slope-intercept form for the line that
has slope -2 and passes through the
point (3, 7).

1
has slope
and x-intercept 5.
3

y = mx + b

Substitute for m, x, and y in the


slope-intercept form.
y = mx + b
Slope-intercept form
7 = (-2)(3) + b (x, y ) = (3, 7), m = -2
7 = -6 + b
Simplify.
13 = b
Add 6 to both sides.
The y-intercept is 13. The equation in
slope-intercept form is y = -2x + 13.

Slope-intercept form

(3)

1
0=
(5) + b

1
(x, y ) = (5, 0), m =

5
0=
+b

Simplify.

5
-
=b

5
Subtract
from both sides.

5
The y-intercept is -
. The slope-intercept
5
1
x-
.
form is y =
3

Write an equation in slope-intercept form for the line described.


1. slope -2, passes through (-4, 6)

3
2. slope
, y-intercept 4

3. slope 1, passes through (2, 5)

13
4. slope -
, passes through (5, -7)

Lesson 2-4

Copyright Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Exercises

Write an equation in slope-intercept form for each graph.


y

5.

6.

7.

8
6

4
6

(1, 6)

4
4

-4

2
2
-2

Chapter 2

(3, 0)
4

8x

(0, 0)
O
-2

(5, 2)

(-4, 1)

(4, 5)

-2

6x

-2
2

8x

-4

-2

23

Glencoe Algebra 2

NAME

2-4

DATE

Study Guide and Intervention

PERIOD

(continued)

Writing Linear Equations


Parallel and Perpendicular Lines Use the slope-intercept or point-slope form to find
equations of lines that are parallel or perpendicular to a given line. Remember that parallel
lines have equal slope. The slopes of two perpendicular lines are negative reciprocals, that
is, their product is -1.
Example 1

Example 2

Write an equation of the


line that passes through (8, 2) and is
perpendicular to the line whose
1
equation is y = -
x + 3.

Write an equation of
the line that passes through (-1, 5) and
is parallel to the graph of y = 3x + 1.
The slope of the given line is 3. Since the
slopes of parallel lines are equal, the slope
of the parallel line is also 3.

1
. Since the
The slope of the given line is -
2

slopes of perpendicular lines are negative


reciprocals, the slope of the perpendicular
line is 2.
Use the slope and the given point to write
the equation.
y - y1 = m(x - x1)
Point-slope form
y - 2 = 2(x - 8)
(x1, y1) = (8, 2), m = 2
y - 2 = 2x - 16
Distributive Prop.
y = 2x - 14
Add 2 to each side.
An equation of the line is y = 2x - 14.

Use the slope and the given point to write


the equation.
y -y1 = m(x - x1)
Point-slope form
y - 5 = 3(x - (-1))
(x1, y1) = (-1, 5), m = 3
y - 5 = 3x + 3
Distributive Prop.
y = 3x + 8
Add 5 to each side.
An equation of the line is y = 3x + 8.

Write an equation in slope-intercept form for the line that satisfies each set
of conditions.
1
1. passes through (-4, 2), parallel to y =
x+5
2

2. passes through (3, 1), perpendicular to y = -3x + 2


3. passes through (1, -1), parallel to the line that passes through (4, 1) and (2, -3)
4. passes through (4, 7), perpendicular to the line that passes through (3, 6) and (3, 15)
5. passes through (8, -6), perpendicular to 2x - y = 4
6. passes through (2, -2), perpendicular to x + 5y = 6
7. passes through (6, 1), parallel to the line with x-intercept -3 and y-intercept 5

8. passes through (-2, 1), perpendicular to y = 4x - 11


Chapter 2

24

Glencoe Algebra 2

Copyright Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Exercises

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