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Logarithmics and Exponentials

This document discusses logarithms and exponentials. It defines the logarithm to base b of x as the power to which b must be raised to equal x. It also defines the natural logarithm as having base e and the common logarithm as having base 10. Some basic properties of logarithms and exponentials are presented, including formulas for logarithms and properties such as axb = ax+b for exponentials.

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23 views1 page

Logarithmics and Exponentials

This document discusses logarithms and exponentials. It defines the logarithm to base b of x as the power to which b must be raised to equal x. It also defines the natural logarithm as having base e and the common logarithm as having base 10. Some basic properties of logarithms and exponentials are presented, including formulas for logarithms and properties such as axb = ax+b for exponentials.

Uploaded by

fitriani-limarga-574
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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I.

LOGARITHMICS and EXPONENTIALS

6.
LOGARITHMICS
The Logarithm to the base b > 0 of all x > 0 is
defined by :

7.

log b x=a if b a=x


Or
b

}g log a
g

m g
.1 log a =
n

1g log a n

=a

8.

1g log a=x

then

9.

a
g
1 log =x
b

then

1 log x =a if b =x

gg log a m=

1a log g=

1
x

b
g
1 log =x
a

When the base b = 10, the function is known as


the common logarithm, written simply as lg x or
log x
When the base b = e, the function is known as
the natural logarithm, written simply as ln x.
Basic properties of logarithm are :

1g log gn=n

EXPONENTIALS
Basic properties of exponentials are :
1.

a x a y =ax + y

2.

a x a y =a x y

1g log g=1
1g log 1=0
3.
Logarithm Formulas :
g

1. 1 log (axb)=1 log a+1 logb


2.

1g log
g

( ab )=1 log a1 log b


g

3. 1 log a =n . log a
p

4. 1 log a =
g

log a
1
=a
p
log g
log g
g

5. 1 log a 1 log b = 1 log b

( a x ) =axy

3.

( ab ) x =a x b x

4.

y a x =a y

5.

ax =

1
x
a

7.

a =1 ; a

8.

a x > 0 for all x

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