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CHENDU
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
MADURANTAKAM.
KANCHEEPURAM-603311.

CS6412 MICROPROCESSOR AND

MICROCONTROLLER
LABORATORY MANUAL
Prepared by
N.S.SHINIJA, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR

Faculty of Electronics & Communication Engineering

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DEPT OF CSE

INDEX
EXPT.NO

NAME OF THE EXPERIMENT

PAGE
NO
3

Basic arithmetic and Logical operations

Move a Data Block Without Overlap

10

11

Code conversion, decimal arithmetic and Matrix

operations.
Floating point operations, string manipulations, sorting
and searching
Password Checking, Print Ram Size And System Date

Counters and Time Delay

36

Traffic light control

38

Stepper motor control

40

Digital clock

42

10

Key board and Display

45

11

Printer status

48

12

Serial interface and Parallel interface

49

13

A/D and D/A interface and Waveform Generation

53

14

Basic arithmetic and Logical operations

59

15

Square and Cube program, Find 2s complement of a

number
Unpacked BCD to ASCII

70

16

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CS6412 MICROPROCESSOR AND
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DEPT OF CSE

BASIC ARITHMETIC AND LOGICAL OPERATIONS USING 8086

PROGRAMMING

EXPT NO: 01

DATE:

AIM:
To write an Assembly Language Program (ALP) for performing the Arithmetic
operation of two byte numbers.

APPARATUS REQUIRED:
SL.N
O
1.
2.

ITEM
Microprocessor kit
Power Supply

SPECIFICATION
8086 kit
+5 V dc

QUANTITY
1
1

PROBLEM STATEMENT:
Write an ALP in 8086 to add and subtract two byte numbers stored in the
memory location 1000H to 1003H and store the result in the memory location
1004H to 1005H.Also provide an instruction in the above program to consider the
carry also and store the carry in the memory location 1006H.
ALGORITHM:
(iii) Multiplication of 16-bit
(i) 16-bit addition
Initialize the MSBs of sum to 0
Get the first number.
Add the second number to the first
number.
If there is any carry, increment
MSBs of sum by 1.
Store LSBs of sum.
Store MSBs of sum.
(ii) 16-bit subtraction
Initialize the MSBs of difference to
0
Get the first number
Subtract the second number from
the first number.
If there is any borrow, increment
MSBs of difference by 1.
Store LSBs of difference
Store MSBs of difference.

numbers:
Get the multiplier.
Get the multiplicand
Initialize the product to 0.
Product
=
product
+
multiplicand
Decrement the multiplier by 1
If multiplicand is not equal to
0,repeat from step (d) otherwise
store the product.
(iv) Division of 16-bit numbers.
Get the dividend
Get the divisor
Initialize the quotient to 0.
Dividend = dividend divisor
If the divisor is greater, store the
quotient. Go to step g.

If dividend is greater, quotient

= quotient + 1. Repeat from
step (d)Store the dividend
value as remainder.

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DEPT OF CSE

FLOWCHART
ADDITION

SUBTRACTION

START

START

SET UP COUNTER (CY)

SET UP COUNTER (CARRY)

GET FIRST OPERAND

GET FIRST
OPERAND TO A

GET SECOND OPERAND

TO
A

SUBTRACT
SECOND OPERAND
FROM MEMORY

YES

A=A+B
IS THERE
ANY CY
YES
NO

IS THERE
ANY CARRY
COUNTER =
COUNTER + 1
NO
STORE THE SUM

COUNTER =
COUNTER + 1

STORE THE
DIFFERENCE

STORE THE CARRY

STORE THE CARRY

STOP

STOP

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ADDITION
ADDRESS

Opcodes

PROGRAM

DEPT OF CSE

COMMENTS

MOV CX, 0000H

Initialize counter CX

MOV AX,[1200]

Get the first data in AX reg

MOV BX, [1202]

Get the second data in BX reg

ADD AX,BX

Add the contents of both the

regs AX & BX

JNC L1

Check for carry

INC CX

If carry exists, increment the

CX

L1 : MOV [1206],CX

Store the carry

MOV [1204], AX

Store the sum

HLT

Stop the program

SUBTRACTION
ADDRESS

OPCODES

PROGRAM

COMMENTS

MOV CX, 0000H

Initialize counter CX

MOV AX,[1200]

Get the first data in AX reg

MOV BX, [1202]

Get the second data in BX reg

SUB AX,BX

Subtract the contents of BX from

AX

JNC L1

Check for borrow

INC CX

If borrow exists, increment the

CX

L1 : MOV [1206],CX

Store the borrow

MOV [1204], AX

Store the difference

HLT

Stop the program

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DEPT OF CSE

RESULT:.
ADDITION

MEMORY
DATA

SUBTRACTION

MEMORY

DATA

MANUAL CALCULATION

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DEPT OF CSE

FLOWCHART
MULTIPLICATION

DIVISION
Start

StartStart

Load Divisor &

Dividend

Get Multiplier & Multiplicand

Get Multiplier
& Multiplicand
MULTIPLICAND
MULTIPLICAND

QUOTIENT = 0

REGISTER=00
REGISTER=00

DIVIDEND =
DIVIDEND-DIVISOR

REGISTER
= REGISTER
REGISTER
=
+ MULTIPLICAND
REGISTER +
MULTIPLICAND

QUOTIENT = QUOTIENT+1
Multiplier=MULTIPLI
ER Multiplier=MU
1
LTIPLIER 1

NO
NO

IS IS
MULTIPLI
MULTIPLIER
ER=0?

IS
DIVIDEN
D<
DIVISOR
?

=0?

YES
YES

STORE QUOTIENT
STORE REMAINDER
= DIVIDEND NOW

STORE THE RESULT

STOP

STOP

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DEPT OF CSE

MULTIPLICATION
ADDRESS

Opcodes

PROGRAM

COMMENTS

MOV AX,[1200]

Get the first data

MOV BX, [1202]

Get the second data

MUL BX

Multiply both

MOV [1206],AX

Store the lower order product

MOV AX,DX
MOV [1208],AX

Copy the higher order product to

AX
Store the higher order product

HLT

Stop the program

DIVISION
ADDRESS

Opcodes

PROGRAM

COMMENTS

MOV AX,[1200]

Get the first data

MOV DX, [1202]

Get the second data

MOV BX, [1204]

Divide the dividend by divisor

DIV BX

Store the lower order product

MOV [1206],AX
MOV AX,DX

Copy the higher order product to

AX
Store the higher order product

MOV [1208],AX

Stop the program

HLT

Get the first data

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DEPT OF CSE

RESULT:.
MULTIPLICATION

MEMORY
DATA

DIVISON

MEMORY

DATA

MANUAL CALCULATION

Thus Arithmetic operation of two byte numbers are performed and the result is stored.

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DEPT OF CSE

MOVE A DATA BLOCK WITHOUT OVERLAP

EXP.NO: 02

DATE:

AIM:
To convert a given Move a data block without overlap
.
ALGORITHM:
1. Initialize the memory location to the data pointer.
2. Increment B register.
3. Increment accumulator by 1 and adjust it to decimal every time.
4. Compare the given decimal number with accumulator value.
5. When both matches, the equivalent hexadecimal value is in Bregister.
6. Store the resultant in memory location.
PROGRAM:
DATA SEGMENT
X DB 01H,02H,03H,04H,05H ;Initialize Data Segments Memory Locations
Y DB 05 DUP(0)
DATA ENDS
CODE SEGMENT
ASSUME CS:CODE,DS:DATA
START:MOV AX,DATA ; Initialize DS to point to start of the memory
MOV DS,AX ; set aside for storing of data
MOV CX,05H ; Load counter
LEA SI,X+04 ; SI pointer pointed to top of the memory block
LEA DI,X+04+03 ; 03 is displacement of over lapping, DI pointed to
;the top of the destination block
CODE ENDS
END START

Output:

RESULT:
Thus the output for the Move a data block without overlap was executed successfully

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DEPT OF CSE

CODE CONVERSION, DECIMAL ARITHMETIC

AND MATRIX OPERATIONS.
EXP.NO: 03

CODE CONVERSIONS DECIMAL TO HEX

DATE:

AIM:
To convert a given decimal number to hexadecimal.
ALGORITHM:
1. Initialize the memory location to the data pointer.
2. Increment B register.
3. Increment accumulator by 1 and adjust it to decimal every time.
4. Compare the given decimal number with accumulator value.
5. When both matches, the equivalent hexadecimal value is in Bregister.
6. Store the resultant in memory location.
FLOWCHART :

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DEPT OF CSE

PROGRAM:

INPUT

OUTPUT

MEMORY

DATA

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DEPT OF CSE

CODE CONVERSION HEXADECIMAL TO DECIMAL

AIM:
To convert a given hexadecimal number to decimal.
ALGORITHM:
1. Initialize the memory location to the data pointer.
2. Increment B register.
3. Increment accumulator by 1 and adjust it to decimal every time.
4. Compare the given hexadecimal number with B register value.
5. When both match, the equivalent decimal value is in A register.
6. Store the resultant in memory location.

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DEPT OF CSE

14

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DEPT OF CSE

DECIMAL ARITHMETIC AND MATRIX OPERATIONS

AIM:
To write a program for addition of two matrix by using 8086.
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
8086 Microprocessor Kit
ALGORITH:
1. Initialize the pointer only for data and result
2. Load AL with count
3. Add two matrix by each element
4. Process continues until CL is zero
5. Store result.
FLOWCHART

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DEPT OF CSE

PROGRAM

RESULT:
Thus the output for the addition for two matrix was executed successfully.

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DEPT OF CSE

FLOATING POINT OPERATIONS, STRING MANIPULATIONS,

SORTING AND SEARCHING

EXPT NO:04
COPYING A STRING
AIM:
To move a string of length FF from source to destination.

DATE:

ALGORITHM:
a. Initialize the data segment .(DS)
b. Initialize the extra data segment .(ES)
c. Initialize the start of string in the DS. (SI)
d. Initialize the start of string in the ES. (DI)
e. Move the length of the string(FF) in CX register.
f. Move the byte from DS TO ES, till CX=0.
START

Initialize DS,ES,SI,DI

CX=length of string,
DF=0.

Move a byte from source string (DS)

to destination string (ES)

Decrement CX

NO
Check for
ZF=1

STOP

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COPYING A STRING
ADDRESS OPCODES

PROGRAM

DEPT OF CSE

COMMENTS

MOV SI,1200H

Initialize destination address

MOV DI,1300H

Initialize starting address

MOV CX,0006H

Initialize array size

CLD

Clear direction flag

REP MOVSB

Copy the contents of source into

destination until count reaches zero
Stop

HLT

RESULT:
INPUT
MEMORY
DATA

OUTPUT
MEMORY

DATA

Thus a string of a particular length is moved from source segment to destination segment

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CS6412 MICROPROCESSOR AND
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DEPT OF CSE

SEARCHING A STRING
AIM:
To scan for a given byte in the string and find the relative address of the byte from the
starting location of the string.
ALGORITHM:
a. Initialize the extra segment .(ES)
b. Initialize the start of string in the ES. (DI)
c. Move the number of elements in the string in CX register.
d. Move the byte to be searched in the AL register.
e. Scan for the byte in ES. If the byte is found ZF=0, move the address pointed by ES:DI
to BX.
START

Initialize DS,ES ,SI,DI

CX=length of the string,

DF=0.

Scan for a particular character

specified in AL Register.

NO
Check for
ZF=1

Move DI to BX

STOP

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SEARCHING FOR A CHARACTER IN THE STRING
ADDRESS OPCODES
PROGRAM

DEPT OF CSE

COMMENTS

MOV DI,1300H

Initialize destination address

MOV SI, 1400H

Initialize starting address

MOV CX, 0006H

Initialize array size

CLD

Clear direction flag

MOV AL, 08H

Store the string to be searched

REPNE SCASB

Scan until the string is found

DEC DI

Decrement the destination address

MOV BL,[DI]

Store the contents into BL reg

MOV [SI],BL

Store content of BL in source address

HLT

Stop

RESULT:
INPUT
MEMORY
DATA

OUTPUT
MEMORY LOCATION
DATA

Thus a given byte or word in a string of a particular length in the extra segment(destination)
is found .

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DEPT OF CSE

FIND AND REPLACE

AIM:
To find a character in the string and replace it with another character.
ALGORITHM:
a. Initialize the extra segment .(E S)
b. Initialize the start of string in the ES. (DI)
c. Move the number of elements in the string in CX register.
d. Move the byte to be searched in the AL register.
e. Store the ASCII code of the character that has to replace the scanned byte in BL
register.
f. Scan for the byte in ES. If the byte is not found, ZF1 and repeat scanning.
g. If the byte is found, ZF=1.Move the content of BL register to ES:DI.
START

Initialize DS, ES, SI, DI

CX=length of the string in ES,

DF=0.
DF=0.

Scan for a particular character

specified in AL Register.

NO
Check for ZF=1

YES
Move the content of BL
to ES:DI

STOP

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CS6412 MICROPROCESSOR AND
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DEPT OF CSE

FIND AND REPLACE A CHARACTER IN THE STRING

ADDRESS OPCODES
PROGRAM
COMMENTS
MOV DI,1300H

Initialize destination address

MOV SI,1400H

Initialize starting address

MOV CX, 0006H

Initialize array size

CLD

Clear direction flag

MOV AL, 08H

Store the string to be searched

MOV BH,30H

Store the string to be replaced

REPNE SCASB

Scan until the string is found

DEC DI

Decrement the destination address

MOV BL,[DI]

Store the contents into BL reg

MOV [SI],BL

Store content of BL in source address

MOV [DI],BH

Replace the string

HLT

Stop

RESULT:
INPUT
MEMORY
DATA

OUTPUT
MEMORY

DATA

Thus a given byte or word in a string of a particular length in the extra segment(destination)
is found and is replaced with another character.
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CS6412 MICROPROCESSOR AND
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DEPT OF CSE

ASCENDING & DESCENDING

AIM:

To write an Assembly Language Program (ALP) to sort a given array in

ascending and descending order.
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
SL.N
O
1.
2.

ITEM
Microprocessor kit
Power Supply

SPECIFICATION
8086
+5 V dc

QUANTITY
1
1

PROBLEM STATEMENT:
An array of length 10 is given from the location. Sort it into descending
and ascending order and store the result.
ALGORITHM:
(i)
Sorting in ascending order:
a. Load the array count in two registers C1 and C2.
b. Get the first two numbers.
c. Compare the numbers and exchange if necessary so that the two numbers are
in ascending order.
d. Decrement C2.
e. Get the third number from the array and repeat the process until C2 is 0.
f. Decrement C1 and repeat the process until C1 is 0.
(ii)

Sorting in descending order:

a. Load the array count in two registers C1 and C2.

b. Get the first two numbers.
c. Compare the numbers and exchange if necessary so that the two numbers are
in descending order.
d. Decrement C2.
e. Get the third number from the array and repeat the process until C2 is 0.
f. Decrement C1 and repeat the process until C1 is 0.

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CS6412 MICROPROCESSOR AND
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FLOWCHART
ASCENDING ORDER

DEPT OF CSE

DESCENDING ORDER
START

START

INITIALIZE POINTER

INITIALIZE POINTER

COUNT = COUNT 1

COUNT = COUNT 1

FLAG = 0

FLAG = 0
YES

IS POINTER
POINTER
+1

YES

IS POINTER
POINTER
+1
NO

NO

TEMP = POINTER
POINTER = POINTER + 1
POINTER + 1 = TEMP

TEMP = POINTER
POINTER = POINTER + 1
POINTER + 1 = TEMP

POINTER = POINTER +1
COUNT = COUNT + 1

POINTER = POINTER +1
COUNT = COUNT + 1

NO

NO
IS

IS

COUNT

COUNT
=0

=0

YES

YES

NO
IS FLAG

IS FLAG

= 0

= 0
YES

YES
STOP

STOP

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DEPT OF CSE

ASCENDING
ADDRESS

OPCODES

PROGRAM
MOV SI,1200H

COMMENTS
Initialize memory location for array size

MOV CL,[SI]

Number of comparisons in CL

L4 : MOV SI,1200H

Initialize memory location for array size

MOV DL,[SI]

Get the count in DL

INC SI

Go to next memory location

MOV AL,[SI]

Get the first data in AL

L3 : INC SI

Go to next memory location

MOV BL,[SI]

Get the second data in BL

CMP AL,BL

Compare two datas

JNB L1

If AL < BL go to L1

DEC SI

Else, Decrement the memory location

MOV [SI],AL

Store the smallest data

MOV AL,BL

Get the next data AL

JMP L2

Jump to L2

L1 : DEC SI

Decrement the memory location

MOV [SI],BL

Store the greatest data in memory

location

L2 : INC SI

Go to next memory location

DEC DL

Decrement the count

JNZ L3

Jump to L3, if the count is not reached

zero

MOV [SI],AL

Store data in memory location

DEC CL

Decrement the count

JNZ L4

Jump to L4, if the count is not reached

zero

HLT

Stop

PROGRAM
MOV SI,1200H

COMMENTS
Initialize memory location for array size

MOV CL,[SI]

Number of comparisons in CL

L4 : MOV SI,1200H

Initialize memory location for array size

MOV DL,[SI]

Get the count in DL

INC SI

Go to next memory location

MOV AL,[SI]

Get the first data in AL

L3 : INC SI

Go to next memory location

DESCENDING
ADDRESS

OPCODES

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CS6412 MICROPROCESSOR AND
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DEPT OF CSE

MOV BL,[SI]

Get the second data in BL

CMP AL,BL

Compare two datas

JB L1

If AL > BL go to L1

DEC SI

Else, Decrement the memory location

MOV [SI],AL

Store the largest data

MOV AL,BL

Get the next data AL

JMP L2

Jump to L2

L1 : DEC SI

Decrement the memory location

MOV [SI],BL

Store the smallest data in memory

location

L2 : INC SI

Go to next memory location

DEC DL

Decrement the count

JNZ L3

Jump to L3, if the count is not reached

zero

MOV [SI],AL

Store data in memory location

DEC CL

Decrement the count

JNZ L4

Jump to L4, if the count is not reached

zero

HLT

Stop

RESULT:.
ASCENDING

MEMORY
DATA

DESCENDING

MEMORY

DATA

Thus given array of numbers are sorted in ascending & descending order.

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CS6412 MICROPROCESSOR AND
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DEPT OF CSE

LARGEST& SMALLEST

AIM:

To write an Assembly Language Program (ALP) to find the largest and

smallest number in a given array.
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
SL.N
O
1.
2.

ITEM

SPECIFICATION

Microprocessor kit
Power Supply

8086
+5 V dc

QUANTITY
1
1

PROBLEM STATEMENT:
An array of length 10 is given from the location. Find the largest and
smallest number and store the result.
ALGORITHM:
(i)
Finding largest number:
a.
b.
c.
d.
(ii)
e.
f.
g.
h.

Load the array count in a register C1.

Get the first two numbers.
Compare the numbers and exchange if the number is small.
Get the third number from the array and repeat the process until C1 is 0.
Finding smallest number:
Load the array count in a register C1.
Get the first two numbers.
Compare the numbers and exchange if the number is large.
Get the third number from the array and repeat the process until C1 is 0.

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FLOWCHART
LARGEST NUMBER IN AN ARRAY

DEPT OF CSE

SMALLEST NUMBER IN AN ARRAY

START

START

INITIALIZE
COUNT
POINTER MAX =
0

INITIALIZE
COUNT
POINTER MIN = 0

PONITER =
POINTER + 1

PONITER =
POINTER + 1

YES
IS MAX
YES

POINTE
R ?

IS MIN
POINTER
?

NO

NO

MAX = POINTER

MIN = POINTER

COUNT = COUNT-1

COUNT = COUNT-1
NO

NO

IS COUNT = 0
?

IS COUNT = 0
?
YES
YES

STORE MINIIMUM

STORE MAXIMUM

STOP

STOP

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DEPT OF CSE

LARGEST
ADDRESS OPCODES

PROGRAM

COMMENTS

MOV SI,1200H

Initialize array size

MOV CL,[SI]

Initialize the count

INC SI

Go to next memory location

MOV AL,[SI]

Move the first data in AL

DEC CL

Reduce the count

L2 : INC SI

Move the SI pointer to next data

CMP AL,[SI]

Compare two datas

JNB L1

If AL > [SI] then go to L1 ( no swap)

MOV AL,[SI]

Else move the large number to AL

L1 : DEC CL

Decrement the count

JNZ L2

If count is not zero go to L2

MOV DI,1300H

Initialize DI with 1300H

MOV [DI],AL

Else store the biggest number in 1300

location

HLT

Stop

SMALLEST
ADDRESS

OPCODES

PROGRAM

COMMENTS

MOV SI,1200H

Initialize array size

MOV CL,[SI]

Initialize the count

INC SI

Go to next memory location

MOV AL,[SI]

Move the first data in AL

DEC CL

Reduce the count

L2 : INC SI

Move the SI pointer to next data

CMP AL,[SI]

Compare two datas

JB L1

If AL < [SI] then go to L1 ( no swap)

MOV AL,[SI]

Else move the large number to AL

L1 : DEC CL

Decrement the count

JNZ L2

If count is not zero go to L2

MOV DI,1300H

Initialize DI with 1300H

MOV [DI],AL

Else store the biggest number in 1300

location

HLT

Stop

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DEPT OF CSE

RESULT:.
LARGEST

MEMORY
DATA

SMALLEST

MEMORY

DATA

Thus largest and smallest number is found in a given array.

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DEPT OF CSE

PASSWORD CHECKING, PRINT RAM SIZE AND SYSTEM DATE

EXPT NO:05
DATE:
AIM:
To write an Assembly Language Program (ALP) for performing the Arithmetic
operation of two byte numbers

APPARATUS REQUIRED:
SL.N
O
1.
2.

ITEM
Microprocessor kit
Power Supply

SPECIFICATION
8086 kit
+5 V dc

QUANTITY
1
1

PROGRAM:
;PASSWORD IS MASM1234
DATA SEGMENT
PASSWORD DB 'MASM1234'
LEN EQU ($-PASSWORD)
MSG1 DB 10,13,'ENTER YOUR PASSWORD: $'
MSG2 DB 10,13,'WELCOME TO ELECTRONICS WORLD!!$'
MSG3 DB 10,13,'INCORRECT PASSWORD!$'
NEW DB 10,13,'$'
INST DB 10 DUP(0)
DATA ENDS
CODE SEGMENT
ASSUME CS:CODE,DS:DATA
START:
MOV AX,DATA
MOV DS,AX
LEA DX,MSG1
MOV AH,09H
INT 21H
MOV SI,00
UP1:
MOV AH,08H
INT 21H
CMP AL,0DH
JE DOWN
MOV [INST+SI],AL
MOV DL,'*'
MOV AH,02H
INT 21H
INC SI
JMP UP1
DOWN:
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CS6412 MICROPROCESSOR AND
MICROCONTROLLER LAB

DEPT OF CSE

MOV BX,00
MOV CX,LEN
CHECK:
MOV AL,[INST+BX]
MOV DL,[PASSWORD+BX]
CMP AL,DL
JNE FAIL
INC BX
LOOP CHECK
LEA DX,MSG2
MOV AH,09H
INT 21H
JMP FINISH
FAIL:
LEA DX,MSG3
MOV AH,009H
INT 21H
FINISH:
INT 3
CODE ENDS
END START
END
;Today.asm Display month/day/year.
; Feb 1st, 2012
;CIS 206 Ken Howard
.MODEL small
.STACK 100h
.DATA
mess1 DB 10, 13, 'Today is $' ; 10=LF, 13=CR
.CODE
Today PROC
MOV AX, @data
MOV DS, AX
MOV DX, OFFSET mess1 ; Move string to DX
MOV AH, 09h
; 09h call to display string (DX > AH > DOS)
INT 21H
; Send to DOS
; CX year, DH month, DL day
MOV AH, 2AH
; Get the date (appendix D)
INT 21H
; Send to DOS
PUSH CX
; Move year to the stack
MOV CX, 0
; Clear CX
MOV CL, DL
PUSH CX
; Move day to stack
MOV CL, DH
; Move month > CL
PUSH CX
; Move month to stack
MOV DH, 0
; Clear DH
; ************************** DISPLAY MONTH ************************

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CS6412 MICROPROCESSOR AND
MICROCONTROLLER LAB

DEPT OF CSE

; Set up for division

; Dividend will be in DX/AX pair (4 bytes)
; Quotient will be in AX
; Remainder will be in DX
MOV DX, 0
; Clear DX
POP AX
; Remove month from stack into AX
MOV CX, 0
; Initialize the counter
MOV BX, 10
; Set up the divisor
dividem:
DIV BX
; Divide (will be word sized)
PUSH DX
; Save remainder to stack
ADD CX, 1
; Add one to counter
MOV DX, 0
; Clear the remainder
CMP AX, 0
; Compare quotient to zero
JNE dividem
; If quoient is not zero, go to "dividem:"
divdispm:
POP DX
; Remove top of stack into DX
ADD DL, 30h
; ADD 30h (2) to DL
MOV AH, 02h
; 02h to display AH (DL)
INT 21H
; Send to DOS
LOOP divdispm
; If more to do, divdispm again
; LOOP subtracts 1 from CX. If non-zero, loop.
MOV DL, '/'
; Character to display goes in DL
MOV AH, 02h
; 02h to display AH (DL)
INT 21H
; Send to DOS
; ************************** DISPLAY DAY ************************
; Set up for division
; Dividend will be in DX/AX pair (4 bytes)
; Quotient will be in AX
; Remainder will be in DX
MOV DX, 0
; Clear DX
POP AX
; Remove day from stack into AX
MOV CX, 0
; Initialize the counter
MOV BX, 10
; Set up the divisor
divided:
DIV BX
; Divide (will be word sized)
PUSH DX
; Save remainder to stack
ADD CX, 1
; Add one to counter
MOV DX, 0
; Clear the remainder
CMP AX, 0
; Compare quotient to zero
JNE divided
; If quoient is not zero, go to "divided:"
divdispd:
POP DX
; Remove top of stack
ADD DL, 30h
; ADD 30h (2) to DL
MOV AH, 02h
; 02h to display AH (DL)
INT 21H
; Send to DOS
LOOP divdispd
; If more to do, divdispd again
; LOOP subtracts 1 from CX. If non-zero, loop.

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CS6412 MICROPROCESSOR AND
MICROCONTROLLER LAB

DEPT OF CSE

MOV DL, '/'

; Character to display goes in DL
MOV AH, 02h
; 02h to display AH (DL)
INT 21H
; Send to DOS
; ************************** DISPLAY YEAR ************************
; Set up for division
; Dividend will be in DX/AX pair (4 bytes)
; Quotient will be in AX
; Remainder will be in DX
MOV DX, 0
; Clear DX
POP AX
; Remove month from stack into AX
MOV CX, 0
; Initialize the counter
MOV BX, 10
; Set up the divisor
dividey:
DIV BX
; Divide (will be word sized)
PUSH DX
; Save remainder to stack
ADD CX, 1
; Add one to counter
MOV DX, 0
; Clear the remainder
CMP AX, 0
; Compare quotient to zero
JNE dividey
; If quoient is not zero, go to "dividey:"
divdispy:
POP DX
; Remove top of stack into DX
ADD DL, 30h
; ADD 30h (2) to DL
MOV AH, 02h
; 02h to display AH (DL)
INT 21H
; Send to DOS
LOOP divdispy
; If more to do, divdisp again
; LOOP subtracts 1 from CX. If non-zero, loop.
MOV al, 0
; Use 0 as return code
MOV AH, 4ch
; Send return code to AH
INT 21H
; Send return code to DOS to exit.
Today ENDP
; End procedure
END Today
; End code. Start using "Today" procedure.
MVI A, 80H: Initialize 8255, port A and port B
OUT 83H (CR): in output mode
START: MVI A, 09H
OUT 80H (PA): Send data on PA to glow R1 and R2
MVI A, 24H
OUT 81H (PB): Send data on PB to glow G3 and G4
MVI C, 28H: Load multiplier count (40) for delay
CALL DELAY: Call delay subroutine
MVI A, 12H
OUT (81H) PA: Send data on Port A to glow Y1 and Y2
OUT (81H) PB: Send data on port B to glow Y3 and Y4
MVI C, 0AH: Load multiplier count (10) for delay
CALL: DELAY: Call delay subroutine
MVI A, 24H
OUT (80H) PA: Send data on port A to glow G1 and G2
MVI A, 09H
OUT (81H) PB: Send data on port B to glow R3 and R4
MVI C, 28H: Load multiplier count (40) for delay

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CS6412 MICROPROCESSOR AND
MICROCONTROLLER LAB

DEPT OF CSE

CALL DELAY: Call delay subroutine

MVI A, 12H
OUT PA: Send data on port A to glow Y1 and Y2
OUT PB: Send data on port B to glow Y3 and Y4
MVI C, 0AH: Load multiplier count (10) for delay
CALL DELAY: Call delay subroutine
JMP START
Delay Subroutine:
DELAY: LXI D, Count: Load count to give 0.5 sec delay
BACK: DCX D: Decrement counter
MOV A, D
ORA E: Check whether count is 0
JNZ BACK: If not zero, repeat
DCR C: Check if multiplier zero, otherwise repeat
JNZ DELAY
RET: Return to main program
Ram size:
ORG 0000H
CLR PSW3
CLR PSW4
CPL A
ADD A, #01H
MOV A,R3
AGAIN: SJMP AGAIN

RESULT:
Thus the output for the Password checking, Print RAM size and system date was
executed successfully

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CS6412 MICROPROCESSOR AND
MICROCONTROLLER LAB

DEPT OF CSE

Counters and Time Delay

EXP.NO: 06

DATE:

AIM:
To write an assembly language program in 8086 to Counters and Time Delay
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
SL.NO
ITEM
1.
Microprocessor kit
2.
Power Supply
3.
Stepper Motor Interface board
4.
Stepper Motor

SPECIFICATION
8086
+5 V, dc,+12 V dc
-

QUANTITY
1
1
1
1

PROGRAM:
.MODEL SMALL
.DATA
MSGIN DB 'Enter delay duration (0-50): $'
MSG1 DB 'This is Microprocessor!$'
DELAYTIME DW 0000H
.CODE
MOV DX,@DATA
MOV DS,DX
LEA DX,MSGIN
MOV AH,09H
INT 21H
IN1:
MOV AH,01H
INT 21H
CMP AL,0DH ;
JE NXT
SUB AL,30H
MOV DL,AL
MOV AX,BX
MOV CL,0AH
MUL CL
MOV BX,AX
AND DX,00FFH
ADD BX,DX
MOV DELAYTIME,BX
LOOP IN1

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CS6412 MICROPROCESSOR AND
MICROCONTROLLER LAB

DEPT OF CSE

NXT:
MOV CX,DELAYTIME
MOV DL,10
MOV AH,02H
INT 21H
LEA SI,MSG1
LP: PUSH DX
MOV DL,[SI]
CMP DL,'$'
JE NXT2
MOV AH,02H
INT 21H
ADD SI,1
POP DX
MOV DI,DELAYTIME
MOV AH, 0
INT 1Ah
MOV BX, DX
Delay:
MOV AH, 0
INT 1Ah
SUB DX, BX
CMP DI, DX
JA Delay
LOOP LP
NXT2: MOV AH,4CH
INT 21H

END
RESULT:
Thus the output for the Counters and Time Delay was executed successfully

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CS6412 MICROPROCESSOR AND
MICROCONTROLLER LAB

DEPT OF CSE

TRAFFIC LIGHT CONTROL

EXP.NO: 07

DATE:

AIM:
To write an assembly language program in 8086 to Traffic light control
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
SL.NO
SPECIFICATION
QUANTITY
ITEM
1.
8086
1
Microprocessor kit
2.
+5 V, dc,+12 V dc
1
Power Supply
3.
1
Traffic light control Interface
board
PROGRAM:

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CS6412 MICROPROCESSOR AND
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DEPT OF CSE

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CS6412 MICROPROCESSOR AND
MICROCONTROLLER LAB

DEPT OF CSE

STEPPER MOTOR INTERFACING

EXP.NO: 08

DATE:

AIM:
To write an assembly language program in 8086 to rotate the motor at different speeds.
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
SL.NO
1.
2.
3.
4.

ITEM
Microprocessor kit
Power Supply
Stepper Motor Interface board
Stepper Motor

SPECIFICATION
8086
+5 V, dc,+12 V dc
-

QUANTITY
1
1
1
1

PROBLEM STATEMENT:
Write a code for achieving a specific angle of rotation in a given time and particular
number of rotations in a specific time.
THEORY:
A motor in which the rotor is able to assume only discrete stationary angular
position is a stepper motor. The rotary motion occurs in a stepwise manner from one
equilibrium position to the next.Two-phase scheme: Any two adjacent stator windings are
energized. There are two magnetic fields active in quadrature and none of the rotor pole faces
can be in direct alignment with the stator poles. A partial but symmetric alignment of the
rotor poles is of course possible.
ALGORITHM:
For running stepper motor clockwise and anticlockwise directions
(i)
Get the first data from the lookup table.
(ii)
Initialize the counter and move data into accumulator.
(iii) Drive the stepper motor circuitry and introduce delay
(iv)
Decrement the counter is not zero repeat from step(iii)
(v)
Repeat the above procedure both for backward and forward directions.
SWITCHING SEQUENCE OF STEPPER MOTOR:
MEMORY
LOCATION
4500
4501
4502
4503

A1

A2

B1

B2

1
0
0
1

0
1
1
0

0
0
1
1

0
1
0
0

HEX
CODE
09 H
05 H
06 H
0A H

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CS6412 MICROPROCESSOR AND
MICROCONTROLLER LAB
FLOWCHART:

DEPT OF CSE

START
INTIALIZE COUNTER FOR LOOK UP TABLE

GET THE FIRST DATA FROM THE ACCUMULATOR

MOVE DATA INTO THE ACCUMULATOR

DRIVE THE MOTOR

CIRCUITARY
DELAY

DECREMENT COUNTER

IS B = 0 ?

GET THE DATA FROM LOOK UP

TABLE
PROGRAM TABLE
ADDRESS OPCODE PROGRAM

COMMENTS

START : MOV DI, 1200H

Initialize memory location to store the

array of number

MOV CX, 0004H

Initialize array size

LOOP 1 : MOV AL,[DI]

Copy the first data in AL

OUT 0C0,AL

Send it through port address

MOV DX, 1010H

L1 : DEC DX

Introduce delay

JNZ L1
INC DI

Go to next memory location

LOOP LOOP1

Loop until all the datas have been sent

JMP START

Go to start location for continuous

rotation

1200 : 09,05,06,0A

Array of datas

RESULT: Thus the assembly language program for rotating stepper motor in both clockwise
and anticlockwise directions is written and verified.

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CS6412 MICROPROCESSOR AND
MICROCONTROLLER LAB

DEPT OF CSE

DIGITAL CLOCK

EXP.NO: 09

DATE:

Aim
To display the digital clock specifically by displaying the hours, minutes and seconds
using 8086 kits
Apparatus required
S.No
1
2

Item
Microprocessor kit
Power Supply

Specification
8086
5V
+5 V, dc,
+12 V dc

Preliminary Settings
Org 1000h
Store time value in memory location 1500- Seconds
1501- Minutes
1502- Hours
Digital clock program

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CS6412 MICROPROCESSOR AND
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DEPT OF CSE

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CS6412 MICROPROCESSOR AND
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DEPT OF CSE

Result
Thus the digital clock program has been written and executed using 8086
microprocessor kit and the output of digital clock was displayed as [hours: minutes: seconds]
successfully.

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CS6412 MICROPROCESSOR AND
MICROCONTROLLER LAB

DEPT OF CSE

INTERFACING PRGRAMMABLE KEYBOARD AND

DISPLAY CONTROLLER- 8279

EXP.NO:10

DATE:

AIM :
To display the rolling message HELP US in the display.
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
8086 Microprocessor kit, Power supply, Interfacing board.
ALGORITHM :
Display of rolling message HELP US
1. Initialize the counter
2. Set 8279 for 8 digit character display, right entry
3. Set 8279 for clearing the display
4. Write the command to display
5. Load the character into accumulator and display it
6. Introduce the delay
7. Repeat from step 1.
1. Display Mode Setup: Control word-10 H
0
0

0
0

0
0

1
D

0
D

0
K

0
K

0
K

1
CD

1
CD

0
CF

0
CA

DD
00- 8Bit character display left entry
01- 16Bit character display left entry
10- 8Bit character display right entry
11- 16Bit character display right entry
KKK- Key Board Mode
000-2Key lockout.
2.Clear Display: Control word-DC H
1
1

1
1

0
0

1
CD

11

A0-3; B0-3 =FF

1-Enables Clear display

0-Contents of RAM will be displayed
1-FIFO Status is cleared
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1-Clear all bits
(Combined effect of CD)

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CS6412 MICROPROCESSOR AND
MICROCONTROLLER LAB

DEPT OF CSE

3. Write Display: Control word-90H

1

0
1

0
0

AI

Selects one of the 16 rows of display.

Auto increment = 1, the row address selected will be incremented after each of read and
write operation of the display RAM.
FLOWCHART

SEGMENT DEFINITION
DATA BUS

D7

SEGMENTS d

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

dp

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CS6412 MICROPROCESSOR AND
MICROCONTROLLER LAB

DEPT OF CSE

PROGRAM TABLE

PROGRAM

COMMENTS

START : MOV SI,1200H

Initialize array

MOV CX,000FH

Initialize array size

MOV AL,10

Store the control word for display mode

OUT C2,AL

Send through output port

MOV AL,CC

Store the control word to clear display

OUT C2,AL

Send through output port

MOV AL,90

Store the control word to write display

OUT C2,AL

Send through output port

L1 : MOV AL,[SI]

Get the first data

OUT C0,AL

Send through output port

CALL DELAY

Give delay

INC SI

Go & get next data

LOOP L1

Loop until all the datas have been taken

JMP START

Go to starting location

DELAY : MOV DX,0A0FFH

Store 16bit count value

LOOP1 : DEC DX

Decrement count value

JNZ LOOP1

Loop until count values becomes zero

RET

Return to main program

LOOK-UP TABLE:
1200
1204

98
FF

68
1C

7C
29

C8
FF

RESULT:
MEMORY
LOCATION
1200H
1201H
1202H
1203H
1204H
1205H
1206H
1207H

d
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1

7-SEGMENT LED FORMAT

c
b
a
dp e
g
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1

HEX DATA
f
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1

98
68
7C
C8
FF
1C
29
FF

Thus the rolling message HELP US is displayed using 8279 interface kit.

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CS6412 MICROPROCESSOR AND
MICROCONTROLLER LAB

DEPT OF CSE

PRINTER STATUS
EXP.NO:11
AIM:
To display the Printer Status in the display

DATE:

APPARATUS REQUIRED:
8086 Microprocessor kit, Power supply, interfacing board.
PROGRAM:
XOR AX, AX
XOR BX, BX
;this divides my 3digit number by 100 giving me my, hundredth digit
MOV AX, RES
MOV BX, 100
DIV BX
;prints the hundredth digit
ADD AL, '0'
MOV DL, AL
PUSH AX ; save AX on the stack
MOV AH, 02h
INT 21h
POP AX ; restore ax
;divides the remainder by 10 giving me my tens digit
MOV BX, 10
DIV BX
;prints my tens digit
ADD AL, '0'
MOV DL, AL
PUSH AX ; save AX on the stack
MOV AH, 02h
INT 21h
POP AX ; restore ax
;print my last remainder which is my ones
ADD AH, '0'
MOV DL, AH
MOV AH, 02h
INT 21h
RESULT:
Thus the output for the Move a data block without overlap was executed successfully

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CS6412 MICROPROCESSOR AND
MICROCONTROLLER LAB

DEPT OF CSE

SERIAL INTERFACE AND PARALLEL INTERFACE

EXP.NO: 12

DATE:

Aim
To connect two 8086 microprocessor kits and to serially communicate with
each other by considering transmitter and receiver kits.
Apparatus required

Procedure
1. Take two no of 8086 microprocessor kits.
2. Enter the transmitter program in transmitter kit.
3. Enter the receiver program in receiver kit.
4. Interface the two kits with 9-9 serial cable in the serial port of the microprocessor kits.
(LCD kit means PC-PC cable. LED kit means kit-kit cable)
5. Enter the data in transmitter kit use the memory location 1500.
6. Execute the receiver kit.
7. Execute the transmitter kit.
8. Result will be available in receiver kit memory location 1500.

Transmitter Program

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CS6412 MICROPROCESSOR AND
MICROCONTROLLER LAB

DEPT OF CSE

Receiver Program

Result
Thus the serial communication between two 8086 microprocessor kits has been
established and the data is transmitted in one kit and received in the other kit
successfully

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CS6412 MICROPROCESSOR AND
MICROCONTROLLER LAB

DEPT OF CSE

PARALLEL COMMUNICATION BETWEEN TWO 8086 MICROPROCESSORS KITS

Aim
To connect two 8086 microprocessor kits and to establish parallel communication with each
other by considering transmitter and receiver kits.
Apparatus required

Procedure
1. Take two 8086 microprocessor kits.
2. Enter the transmitter program in transmitter kit.
3. Enter the receiver program in receiver kit.
4. Interface the two kits with 26-core cable on PPI-1.
5. Execute the receiver kit.
6. Execute the transmitter kit.
7. Go and see the memory location 1200 in receiver to get same eight data.
8. Data is available in transmitter kit in the memory location.
9. Change the data & execute the following procedure & get the result in receiver kit.
Transmitter program

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CS6412 MICROPROCESSOR AND
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DEPT OF CSE

Receiver Program

Result
Thus the serial communication between two 8086 microprocessor kits has been established
and the data is transmitted in one kit and received in the other kit successfully.

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CS6412 MICROPROCESSOR AND
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DEPT OF CSE

A/D AND D/A INTERFACE AND WAVEFORM GENERATION

EXPT NO:13
DATE:
AIM:
To write an assembly language program to convert an analog signal into a digital signal
using an ADC interfacing.
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
ITEM
SL.NO
SPECIFICATION
QUANTITY
1.
8086
1
Microprocessor kit
2.
+5 V dc,+12 V dc
1
Power Supply
3.
1
ADC Interface board
THEORY:
An ADC usually has two additional control lines: the SOC input to tell the ADC when to
start the conversion and the EOC output to announce when the conversion is complete. The
following program initiates the conversion process, checks the EOC pin of ADC 0809 as to
whether the conversion is over and then inputs the data to the processor. It also instructs the
processor to store the converted digital data at RAM location.
ALGORITHM:
(i)
Select the channel and latch the address.
(ii)
Send the start conversion pulse.
(iii) Read EOC signal.
(iv)
If EOC = 1 continue else go to step (iii)
(v)
Read the digital output.
(vi)
Store it in a memory location.
FLOW CHART:
START

SELECT THE CHANNEL AND LATCH

ADDRESS
SEND THE START CONVERSION PULSE
NO
IS EOC = 1?
YES
READ THE DIGITALOUTPUT
STORE THE DIGITAL VALUE IN THE
MEMORY LOCATION SPECIFIED

STOP
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DEPT OF CSE

PROGRAM TABLE

PROGRAM

COMMENTS

MOV AL,00

Load accumulator with value for ALE high

OUT 0C8H,AL

Send through output port

MOV AL,08

Load accumulator with value for ALE low

OUT 0C8H,AL

Send through output port

MOV AL,01

Store the value to make SOC high in the accumulator

OUT 0D0H,AL

Send through output port

MOV AL,00
MOV AL,00

Introduce delay

MOV AL,00
MOV AL,00

Store the value to make SOC low the accumulator

OUT 0D0H,AL

Send through output port

L1 : IN AL, 0D8H
AND AL,01
CMP AL,01

Read the EOC signal from port & check for end of
conversion

JNZ L1

If the conversion is not yet completed, read EOC signal

from port again

IN AL,0C0H

Read data from port

MOV BX,1100

Initialize the memory location to store data

MOV [BX],AL

Store the data

HLT
RESULT:

Stop

ANALOG

DIGITAL DATA ON LED

HEX CODE IN MEMORY

VOLTAGE

DISPLAY

LOCATION

Thus the ADC was interfaced with 8086 and the given analog inputs were converted into its
digital equivalent.
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CS6412 MICROPROCESSOR AND
MICROCONTROLLER LAB

DEPT OF CSE

INTERFACING DIGITAL TO ANALOG CONVERTER

AIM :
1. To write an assembly language program for digital to analog conversion
2. To convert digital inputs into analog outputs & To generate different waveforms
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
SL.NO
SPECIFICATION
QUANTITY
ITEM
1.
8086 Vi Microsystems
1
Microprocessor kit
2.
+5 V, dc,+12 V dc
1
Power Supply
3.
1
DAC Interface board
PROBLEM STATEMENT:
The program is executed for various digital values and equivalent analog voltages are
measured and also the waveforms are measured at the output ports using CRO.
THEORY:
Since DAC 0800 is an 8 bit DAC and the output voltage variation is between 5v
and +5v. The output voltage varies in steps of 10/256 = 0.04 (approximately). The digital data
input and the corresponding output voltages are presented in the table. The basic idea behind
the generation of waveforms is the continuous generation of analog output of DAC. With 00
(Hex) as input to DAC2 the analog output is 5v. Similarly with FF H as input, the output is
+5v. Outputting digital data 00 and FF at regular intervals, to DAC2, results in a square wave
of amplitude 5v.Output digital data from 00 to FF in constant steps of 01 to DAC2. Repeat
this sequence again and again. As a result a saw-tooth wave will be generated at DAC2
output. Output digital data from 00 to FF in constant steps of 01 to DAC2. Output digital data
from FF to 00 in constant steps of 01 to DAC2. Repeat this sequence again and again. As a
result a triangular wave will be generated at DAC2 output.
ALGORITHM:
Measurement of analog voltage:
(i)
Send the digital value of DAC.
(ii)
Read the corresponding analog value of its output.
Waveform generation:
Square Waveform:
(i)
Send low value (00) to the DAC.
(ii)
Introduce suitable delay.
(iii) Send high value to DAC.
(iv)
Introduce delay.
(v)
Repeat the above procedure.
Saw-tooth waveform:
(i)
Load low value (00) to accumulator.
(ii)
Send this value to DAC.
(iii) Increment the accumulator.
(iv)
Repeat step (ii) and (iii) until accumulator value reaches FF.
(v)
Repeat the above procedure from step 1.
Triangular waveform:
(i)
Load the low value (00) in accumulator.
(ii)
Send this accumulator content to DAC.
(iii) Increment the accumulator.
(iv)
Repeat step 2 and 3 until the accumulator reaches FF, decrement the
accumulator and send the accumulator contents to DAC.
(v)
Decrementing and sending the accumulator contents to DAC.
(vi)
The above procedure is repeated from step (i)

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CS6412 MICROPROCESSOR AND
MICROCONTROLLER LAB
FLOWCHART:
MEASUREMENT OF ANALOG VOLTAGE

DEPT OF CSE

SQUARE WAVE FORM

START

START

INTIALISE THE
ACCUMULATOR SEND ACC
CONTENT TO DAC

SEND THE
DIGITALVALUE TO
ACCUMULATOR

DELAY

TRANSFER THE
ACCUMULATOR
CONTENTS TO DAC

LOAD THE ACC WITH MAX

VALUE SEND ACC CONTENT
TO DAC
DELAY

READ THE CORRESPONDING

ANALOG VALUE

TRIANGULAR WAVEFORM

STOP

START
SAWTOOTH WAVEFORM
INITIALIZE
ACCUMULATOR

START

SEND ACCUMULATOR
CONTENT TO DAC

INITIALIZE
ACCUMULATOR

INCREMENT
ACCUMULATOR
CONTENT

SEND ACCUMULATOR
CONTENT TO DAC

YES

INCREMENT
ACCUMULATOR
CONTENT
NO

IS ACC
FF
NO
YES

DECREMENT
ACCUMULATOR CONTENT

IS ACC
FF

SEND
ACCUMULATOR
CONTENT TO DAC

YES
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IS ACC
00

NO
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CS6412 MICROPROCESSOR AND
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DEPT OF CSE

MEASUREMENT OF ANALOG VOLTAGE:

PROGRAM

COMMENTS

MOV AL,7FH

Load digital value 00 in accumulator

OUT C0,AL

Send through output port

HLT

Stop

DIGITAL DATA

ANALOG VOLTAGE

PROGRAM TABLE: Square Wave

PROGRAM

COMMENTS

L2 : MOV AL,00H

Load 00 in accumulator

OUT C0,AL

Send through output port

CALL L1

Give a delay

MOV AL,FFH

Load FF in accumulator

OUT C0,AL

Send through output port

CALL L1

Give a delay

JMP L2

Go to starting location

L1 : MOV CX,05FFH

Load count value in CX register

L3 : LOOP L3

Decrement until it reaches zero

RET

Return to main program

PROGRAM TABLE: Saw tooth Wave

PROGRAM

COMMENTS

L2 : MOV AL,00H

Load 00 in accumulator

L1 : OUT C0,AL

Send through output port

INC AL

Increment contents of accumulator

JNZ L1

Send through output port until it reaches FF

JMP L2

Go to starting location

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CS6412 MICROPROCESSOR AND
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DEPT OF CSE

PROGRAM TABLE: Triangular Wave

PROGRAM

COMMENTS

L3 : MOV AL,00H

Load 00 in accumulator

L1 : OUT C0,AL

Send through output port

INC AL

Increment contents of accumulator

JNZ L1

Send through output port until it reaches FF

MOV AL,0FFH

Load FF in accumulator

L2 : OUT C0,AL

Send through output port

DEC AL

Decrement contents of accumulator

JNZ L2

Send through output port until it reaches 00

JMP L3

Go to starting location

RESULT:WAVEFORM GENERATION:

WAVEFORMS

AMPLITUDE

TIMEPERIOD

Square Waveform
Saw-tooth waveform
Triangular waveform

MODEL GRAPH:
Square Waveform

Saw-tooth waveform

Triangular waveform

Thus the DAC was interfaced with 8085 and different waveforms have been generated.
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CS6412 MICROPROCESSOR AND
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DEPT OF CSE

BASIC ARITHMETIC AND LOGICAL OPERATIONS

EXPT NO:14

DATE:
8 BIT ADDITION

AIM:
To write a program to add two 8-bit numbers using 8051 microcontroller.
ALGORITHM:
1. Clear Program Status Word.
2. Select Register bank by giving proper values to RS1 & RS0 of PSW.
3. Load accumulator A with any desired 8-bit data.
4. Load the register R 0 with the second 8- bit data.
5. Add these two 8-bit numbers.
6. Store the result.
7. Stop the program.
FLOW CHART:
START

Clear PSW
Select Register
Bank
Load A and R 0
with 8- bit datas
Add A & R 0
Store the sum
STOP

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CS6412 MICROPROCESSOR AND
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8 Bit Addition (Immediate Addressing)
ADDRESS LABEL MNEMONIC OPERAND
4100

CLR

HEX
CODE
C3

4101

MOV

A, data1

74,data1

4103

ADDC

A, # data 2

24,data2

4105

MOV

90,45,00

4108

MOVX

DPTR, #
4500H
@ DPTR, A

SJMP

L1

80,FE

4109

L1

F0

DEPT OF CSE

COMMENTS

Get the data1 in

Accumulator
Add the data1 with
data2
Initialize the memory
location
Store the result in
memory location
Stop the program

Clear CY Flag

RESULT:

OUTPUT
MEMORY LOCATION

DATA

4500

Thus the 8051 ALP for addition of two 8 bit numbers is executed.

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CS6412 MICROPROCESSOR AND
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DEPT OF CSE

8 BIT SUBTRACTION
AIM:
To perform subtraction of two 8 bit data and store the result in memory.
ALGORITHM:
a. Clear the carry flag.
b. Initialize the register for borrow.
c. Get the first operand into the accumulator.
d. Subtract the second operand from the accumulator.
e. If a borrow results increment the carry register.
f. Store the result in memory.
FLOWCHART:
START

CLEAR CARRY
FLAG

GET IST
OPERAND IN
ACCR

SUBTRACT THE
2ND OPERAND
FROM ACCR

N
IS CF=1

Y
INCREMENT
THE BORROW
REGISTER

STORE
RESULT IN
MEMORY

STOP

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CS6412 MICROPROCESSOR AND
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8 Bit Subtraction (Immediate Addressing)
ADDRESS LABEL
MNEMONIC OPERAND
4100

CLR

HEX
CODE
C3

4101

MOV

A, # data1

74, data1

4103

SUBB

A, # data2

94,data2

4105

MOV

DPTR, # 4500

90,45,00

4108

MOVX

@ DPTR, A

F0

SJMP

L1

80,FE

4109

L1

DEPT OF CSE

COMMENTS

Store data1 in
accumulator
Subtract data2 from
data1
Initialize memory
location
Store the difference
in memory location
Stop

Clear CY flag

RESULT:

OUTPUT
MEMORY LOCATION

DATA

4500

Thus the 8051 ALP for subtraction of two 8 bit numbers is executed.

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CS6412 MICROPROCESSOR AND
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DEPT OF CSE

8 BIT MULTIPLICATION
AIM:
To perform multiplication of two 8 bit data and store the result in memory.
ALGORITHM:
a. Get the multiplier in the accumulator.
b. Get the multiplicand in the B register.
c. Multiply A with B.
d. Store the product in memory.
FLOWCHART:

START

GET
MULTIPLIER
IN ACCR

GET
MULTIPLICAND
IN B REG

MULTIPLY A
WITH B

STORE
RESULT IN
MEMORY

STOP

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CS6412 MICROPROCESSOR AND
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DEPT OF CSE

8 Bit Multiplication
ADDRESS LABEL

MNEMONIC

OPERAND

4100

MOV

A ,#data1

HEX
CODE
74, data1

4102

MOV

B, #data2

75,data2

Store data1 in
accumulator
Store data2 in B reg

4104

MUL

A,B

F5,F0

Multiply both

4106

MOV

90,45,00

4109

MOVX

DPTR, #
4500H
@ DPTR, A

401A

INC

DPTR

A3

Initialize memory
location
Store lower order
result
Go to next memory
location

410B

MOV

A,B

E5,F0

410D
410E

STOP

F0

COMMENTS

MOV

@ DPTR, A

F0

Store higher order

result

SJMP

STOP

80,FE

Stop

RESULT:
INPUT
MEMORY LOCATION

DATA

OUTPUT
MEMORY LOCATION

4500

4502

4501

4503

DATA

Thus the 8051 ALP for multiplication of two 8 bit numbers is executed.

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CS6412 MICROPROCESSOR AND
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DEPT OF CSE

8 BIT DIVISION
AIM:
To perform division of two 8 bit data and store the result in memory.
ALGORITHM:
1. Get the Dividend in the accumulator.
2. Get the Divisor in the B register.
3. Divide A by B.
4. Store the Quotient and Remainder in memory.
FLOWCHART:
START

GET DIVIDEND
IN ACCR

GET DIVISOR IN
B REG

DIVIDE A BY B

STORE
QUOTIENT &
REMAINDER
IN MEMORY

STOP

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CS6412 MICROPROCESSOR AND
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DEPT OF CSE

8 Bit Division
ADDRESS LABEL MNEMONIC

OPERAND

4100

MOV

A, # data1

HEX
CODE
74,data1

4102

MOV

B, # data2

75,data2

Store data1 in
accumulator
Store data2 in B reg

4104

DIV

A,B

84

Divide

4015

MOV

DPTR, # 4500H

90,45,00

4018

MOVX

@ DPTR, A

F0

Initialize memory
location
Store remainder

4109

INC

DPTR

A3

410A

MOV

A,B

E5,F0

COMMENTS

Go to next memory
location
Store quotient

410C
410D

STOP

MOV

@ DPTR, A

F0

SJMP

STOP

80,FE

Stop

RESULT:
INPUT
MEMORY LOCATION
4500
(dividend)
4501

(divisor)

DATA

OUTPUT
MEMORY LOCATION
4502
(remainder)
4503

DATA

(quotient)

Thus the 8051 ALP for division of two 8 bit numbers is executed.

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CS6412 MICROPROCESSOR AND
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DEPT OF CSE

LOGICAL AND BIT MANIPULATION

AIM:
To write an ALP to perform logical and bit manipulation operations using 8051
microcontroller.
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
8051 microcontroller kit
ALGORITHM:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

Initialize content of accumulator as FFH

Set carry flag (cy = 1).
AND bit 7 of accumulator with cy and store PSW format.
OR bit 6 of PSW and store the PSW format.
Set bit 5 of SCON.
Clear bit 1 of SCON.
Move SCON.1 to carry register.
Stop the execution of program.

FLOWCHART:
START

Set CY flag, AND CY with MSB of

ACC
Store the PSW format, OR CY with bit 2 IE reg

Clear bit 6 of PSW, Store PSW

Set bit 5 of SCON , clear bit 1 and store
SCON
Move bit 1 of SCON to CY and store PSW
STOP

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CS6412 MICROPROCESSOR AND
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DEPT OF CSE

PROGRAM TABLE
ADDRESS HEX
CODE
4100
90,45,00

LABEL

MNEMONICS

OPERAND

COMMENT

MOV

DPTR,#4500

Initialize
memory
location
Get the data in
accumulator
Set CY bit

4103

74,FF

MOV

A,#FF

4105

D3

SETB

4016

82,EF

ANL

C, ACC.7

4018
410A

E5,D0
F0

MOV
MOVX

A,DOH
@DPTR,A

Store the result

410B

A3

INC

DPTR

Go to next location

410C

72,AA

ORL

C, IE.2

410E

C2,D6

CLR

PSW.6

OR CY bit with 2nd bit

if IE reg
Clear 6th bit of PSW

4110
4112

E5,D0
F0

MOV
MOVX

A,DOH
@DPTR,A

Store the result

4113

A3

INC

DPTR

Go to next location

4114
4116

D2,90
C2,99

SETB
CLR

SCON.5
SCON.1

Set 5th of SCON reg

Clear 1st bit of SCON
reg

4118
411A

E5,98
F0

MOV
MOVX

A,98H
@DPTR,A

Store the result

411B

A3

INC

DPTR

Go to next location

411C

A2,99

MOV

C,SCON.1

Copy 1st bit of SCON

reg to CY flag

411E

E5,D0

MOV

A,DOH

4120

F0

MOVX

@DPTR,A

4122

80,FE

SJMP

L2

Perform AND with 7th

bit of accumulator

Store the result

L2

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Stop

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DEPT OF CSE

RESULT:

MEMORY

SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER FORMAT

LOCATION

BEFORE

AFTER

EXECUTION EXECUTION

4500H (PSW)

CY

AC

FO

RS1

RS0 OV

00H

88H

4501H (PSW)

CY

AC

FO

RS1

RS0 OV

40H

88H

4502H (SCON)

SM0 SM1 SM2 REN TB8 RB8 TI RI 0FH

20H

4503H (PSW)

CY

09H

AC

FO

RS1

RS0 OV

FFH

Thus the bit manipulation operation is done in 8051 microcontroller.

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CS6412 MICROPROCESSOR AND
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DEPT OF CSE

Square and Cube program, Find 2s complement of a number

EXPT NO: 15

DATE:

AIM:
To convert Square and Cube program, Find 2s complement of a number using 8051
micro controller
RESOURCES REQUIERED:
8051 microcontroller kit
Keyboard
Power supply
PROGRAM:

org 0000h; sets the program counter to 0000h

mov a,#n;assign value 'n' in decimal to A which is converted to it's
equivalent hexadecimal value
mov b,#n;assign value 'n' in decimal to B which is converted to it's
equivalent hexadecimal value
mov r0,#n;assign value 'n' in decimal to R0 which is converted to it's
equivalent hexadecimal value
mul ab; multiplying 'A' with 'B'
mov 40h,a; lower byte is stored in address 40h
mov 41h,b; higher byte is stored in address 41h
mov r1,a; move value of 'A' to R1
mov a,b; move value of 'B' to 'A'
mov b,r0; move value of R0 to b
mul ab; multiply 'A' and 'B'
mov b,a; lower byte obtained is moved from 'A' to 'B'
mov r2,b; move value of 'B' to R2
mov a,r1; move value of R1 to 'A'
mov b,r0; move value of R0 to 'B'
mul ab; multiplying 'A' and 'B'
mov 50h,a; Lower byte obtained is stored in address 50h

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CS6412 MICROPROCESSOR AND
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DEPT OF CSE

mov r3,b; higher byte obtained is stored in R3

mov a,r2; move value from R2 to 'A'
add a,r3; add value of 'A' with R3 and store the value in 'A'
mov b,a; move value from 'A' to 'B'
mov 51h,b; store value obtained in address 51h
end
SQUARE PGM USING 8051
ORG 00h
02
LJMP MAIN
03 DELAY:
04 ;MOV R0,#2
05 MOV TMOD, #01H
06 MOV TH0, #HIGH (-50000)
07 MOV TL0, #LOW (-50000)
08 SETB TR0
09 JNB TF0,
10 CLR TF0
12 ;DJNZ R0,DELAY
13 RET
14 MAIN:
15 MOV DPTR,#300H
16 MOV A,#0FFH
17 MOV P1,A
18 BACK:
19 LCALL DELAY
20 MOV A,P1
21 MOVC A,@A+DPTR
22 ;MOV P2,#00H
23 ;LCALL DELAY
24 MOV P2,A
25 SJMP BACK
26 ORG 300H
27 XSQR_TABLE:
28 DB 0,1,4,9,16,25,36,49,64,81
29 END
Thus the Square and Cube program, Find 2s complement of a number is done in
8051 microcontroller

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CS6412 MICROPROCESSOR AND
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DEPT OF CSE

Unpacked BCD to ASCII

EXPT NO:16

DATE:

AIM:
To convert BCD number into ASCII by using 8051 micro controller
RESOURCES REQUIERED:
8051 microcontroller kit
Keyboard
Power supply

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CS6412 MICROPROCESSOR AND
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DEPT OF CSE

FLOWCHART:

RESULT:
The given number is converted into ASCII using 8051 microcontroller kit.
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