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Algebra Formulas

The document provides formulas for geometry, algebra, and trigonometry. It includes the equation of a circle, quadratic functions and equations, slope, distance, and midpoint formulas. It also lists formulas for factoring quadratics, cubics, and binomials. Further, it provides exponents and radical rules as well as formulas for area and perimeter of squares, rectangles, triangles, parallelograms, trapezoids, circles, and more.

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Khan
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437 views

Algebra Formulas

The document provides formulas for geometry, algebra, and trigonometry. It includes the equation of a circle, quadratic functions and equations, slope, distance, and midpoint formulas. It also lists formulas for factoring quadratics, cubics, and binomials. Further, it provides exponents and radical rules as well as formulas for area and perimeter of squares, rectangles, triangles, parallelograms, trapezoids, circles, and more.

Uploaded by

Khan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Algebra Formulas

Geometry
Equation of a circle: (x h )2 + ( y k )2 = r 2 ,
Center = (h, k ) , Radius = r

Quadratic Function: y = ax 2 + bx + c ,

Quadratic Equation
ax 2 + bx + c = 0
Quadratic Formula

b
b2
Vertex = , c
4a
2a

x=

b b 2 4ac
2a

d = ( x2 x1 ) + ( y 2 y1 )
Distance Formula:
y y1
1
, Parallel lines: m1 = m2 , Perpendicular lines: m1 =
Slope: m = 2
m2
x2 x1
Point-Slope Formula: y y1 = m(x x1 )
Slope-Intercept Form: y = mx + b , Horizontal Line: y = b, Vertical Line: x = a
(m = 0)
(m undefined)
Standard Form:
Ax + By = C
x + x y + y2
Midpoint Formula: 1 2 , 1

2
2
2

Factoring
Difference of Squares:
a 2 b 2 = (a b )(a + b )

Perfect Square Binomials:


2
(1) (a + b ) = a 2 + 2ab + b 2

(2)

(a b )2 = a 2 2ab + b 2

Difference of Cubes
a 3 b 3 = (a b )(a 2 + ab + b 2 )

Perfect Cube Binomials

Sum of Cubes

(1)

a 3 + b 3 = (a + b )(a 2 ab + b 2 )

(2)

Exponents/Radicals
b 0 = 1, (b 0)
b b n = b m+ n
m

(a + b )3 = a 3 + 3a 2b + 3ab 2 + b 3
(a b )3 = a 3 3a 2b + 3ab 2 b 3
Imaginary Number
i = 1

i = 1

x, if x 0
x =
x, if x < 0

i 3 = i

a = a2

(b )

m n

= b mn

bm
= b mn
n
b
1
b n = n
b

1
= bn
n
b
n

b =b
n

(ab )

an
a
= n
b
b
a

b

= b

b
=
a

i4 = 1
n

ab = n a n b

a na
=
, (b 0)
b nb

1
n

= a nb n

Absolute Value

For a > 0,
x = a x = a or x = a
x < a (x > a and x < a )
( a < x < a )

x > a x < a or x > a

Area & Perimeter Formulas


Area (A) is the amount of square units of space an object occupies.
Perimeter (P) is the distance around a figure.
Square: A quadrilateral (4-sided figure)
2.
Triangle: A 3-sided figure
1.
with four 90o (right) angles and four equal sides.

s
A = s2

s1
h

P = 4s

Rectangle:

A quadrilateral with four 90 (right) angles.

1
Bh
2

P = B + s1 + s2

(height)

s
3.

A=

s2

B
Right Triangle: triangle with a 90o (right)

4.

angle

A=LxW

C (Hypotenuse)

A
(Leg)

(width)

P = 2L + 2W

B (Leg)

Parallelogram: A quadrilateral with equal opposite sides.

Pythagorean Theorem
2
2
2

A +B =C

A=Bxh
P = 2B + 2s

h (height)

1
A B
2

P = A +B +C

L (length)
5.

A=

B (base)
6.

Trapezoid: A quadrilateral with exactly one pair of parallel sides.


B1 (base)
s1

h
(height)

s2

1
h(B1 + B2 ) and
2
P = B1 + B2 + s1 + s2
A=

B2 (base)
7.

Circle: A set of points a constant distance (radius) from a given point (center).
Radius (r)

A = r

Diameter (d)
(distance across the
circle)

C = 2r
d = 2r or r =

d
2

center

(distance from
center to circle)

Circumference
(C)
(distance around
the circle)

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