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Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) : Definition:: What Is Inside A PLC?

A programmable logic controller (PLC) is an industrial computer control system that continuously monitors input devices and uses a custom program to control output devices. PLCs were first developed by Modicon in 1969 to replace relay-based controls and increase functionality while reducing space. A PLC contains a central processing unit that executes user programs to communicate with I/O devices and perform housekeeping functions. PLC operation involves four basic repeating steps - input scan, program scan, output scan, and housekeeping. PLCs offer advantages like flexibility, reduced weight, and low cost, and are used for applications like pipeline automation, electric traction, power transmission, and traffic control.

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Ali Khan
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30 views

Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) : Definition:: What Is Inside A PLC?

A programmable logic controller (PLC) is an industrial computer control system that continuously monitors input devices and uses a custom program to control output devices. PLCs were first developed by Modicon in 1969 to replace relay-based controls and increase functionality while reducing space. A PLC contains a central processing unit that executes user programs to communicate with I/O devices and perform housekeeping functions. PLC operation involves four basic repeating steps - input scan, program scan, output scan, and housekeeping. PLCs offer advantages like flexibility, reduced weight, and low cost, and are used for applications like pipeline automation, electric traction, power transmission, and traffic control.

Uploaded by

Ali Khan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as ODT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Programmable Logic Controller (PLC):

Definition :
A PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLER (PLC) is an industrial computer control
system that continuously monitors the state of input devices and makes
decisions based upon a custom program to control the state of output devices.
Plc is a programmable logic controller ,it is a digitally operated electronics system, which
uses a programmable memory for the industrial environment, which uses a programmable
memory for the internal storage of user oriented instructions, for implementing specific
functions such as logic, sequencing, timing counting and arithmetic. To control through digital
or analog input and outputs various types of machines or processors.

History of PLCs:
The first Programmable Logic Controllers were designed and developed by
Modicon as a relay re-placer for GM and Landis.

These controllers eliminated the need for rewiring and adding


additional hardware for each new configuration of logic.

The new system drastically increased the functionality of the


controls while reducing the cabinet space that housed the logic.

The first PLC, model 084, was invented by Dick Morley in 1969

The first commercial successful PLC, the 184, was introduced in


1973 and was designed by Michael Greenberg.

What Is Inside A PLC?

The Central Processing Unit, the CPU, contains an internal program that tells the
PLC how to perform the following functions:

Execute the Control Instructions contained in the User's Programs.


This program is stored in "nonvolatile" memory, meaning that the
program will not be lost if power is removed

Communicate with other devices, which can include I/O Devices,


Programming Devices, Networks, and even other PLCs.

Perform Housekeeping activities such


as Communications, Internal
Diagnostics, etc.

Operation of PLC:
There are four basic steps in the operation of all
PLCs; Input Scan, Program Scan, Output Scan, and
Housekeeping. These steps continually take place
in a repeating loop.
Four Steps In The PLC Operations
1.) Input Scan
Detects the state of all input devices that are connected to the PLC
2.) Program Scan
Executes the user created program logic
3.) Output Scan
Energizes or de-energize all output devices that are connected to the PLC.
4.) Housekeeping
This step includes communications with programming terminals,
internal diagnostics, etc...
Advantages of plc:

System Flexibility

Reducing weight

Low cost

Uses of PLC:
1.pipeline automation of oil,gas,water.
2.Electric traction.
3.Power transaction.
4.traffic control etc...

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