Complete Periodic-Table

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Periodic Table of the Elements

GROUP 1
IA
1

Atomic Number 1
Symbol

1.00794
S1/2

0.0899
-259.14
(v) 37

13.5984
-252.87
-

2
IIA

1s1
+1,-1

3
Lithium

Sodium

Period

S1/2

0.82

Potassium

S0

1.00

S0

0.95

Strontium

S1/2

0.79

Cesium

87

S1/2

0.7

Francium
4.0727
[Rn] 7s1
+1

Sc

4
IVB
44.955910 22
2
D3/2
1.36

2.985
6.5615
1541
2830
(m) 162
HCP
1
[Ar] 3d 4s2
+3

1.22

5
700
-

5.2784
1737
BCC

Hafnium

Rutherfordium

Manganese

95.94 43
S3

2.16

10.28
7.0924
2623
4639
(m) 139
BCC
[Kr] 4d5 5s1
+2,3,4,5,6

180.9479 74
F3/2

1.5

D0

2.36

Tungsten

16.65
7.5496
3017
5458
(m) 146
BCC
[Xe] 4f14 5d3 6s2
+5

(262) 106

Db

Dubnium

S5/2
1.9

Technetium

Seaborgium

Iron

S5/2

1.9

Co

2.20

Rh

22.61
8.4382
3033
5012
(m) 135
HCP
[Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2
+2,3,4,6,8

Bohrium

Iridium

D3

2.28

(268) 110

Darmstadtium

Zinc

S1/2

2.54

1.69

Roentgenium

S0

P1/2

1.62

(285) 113

72.64 33
P0

Sn

As

Tin

Sb

207.2 83
P0

S3/2

2.02

114

Uuq

Ununquadium

2.0

79.904 36
P3/2

9.196
254
-

8.414
962
cubic

Polonium

Iodine

P3/2

2.2

Astatine

131.293
S0

Xe

2.60

5.9
12.1298
-111.8
-108
(v) 130
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p6
0
(222)

Rn

S0

Radon

[Hg] 6p5
+1,3,5,7,-1
(292) 117

9.73
10.7485
-71
-61.7
(v) 145
[Hg] 6p6
0

118

Uus

Ununhexium

3.75
13.9996
-157.36
-153.22
(v) 110
10
[Ar] 3d 4s2 4p6
0

Xenon

302
-

Uuh

(210) 86

[Hg] 6p4
+2,4

116

83.798
S0

Kr

Krypton

2.66

At

P2

1.784
15.7596
-189.3
-185.8
(v) 97
[Ne] 3s2 3p6
0

2.96

4.94
10.4513
113.7
184.3
(v) 133
BCO
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p5
+1,5,7,-1

S0

Argon

(209) 85

Po

Ununpentium

39.948
1

126.90447 54
2
P3/2

Tellurium

Uup

P3/2

3.16

3.12
11.8138
-7.3
59
(v) 114
BCO
10
2
[Ar] 3d 4s 4p5
+1,5,-1

2.10

6.24
9.0096
449.51
988
(v) 135
hex
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p4
+2,4,6,-2

9.78
7.2855
271.3
1564
(v) 146
rhom.
[Hg] 6p3
+3,5

(289) 115

Br

127.60 53
P2

Te

Ar

Bromine

4.819
9.7524
221
685
(v) 116
hex
10
2
[Ar] 3d 4s 4p4
+2,4,6,-2

121.760 52
S3/2

Bismuth

11.34
7.4167
327.46
1749
(m) 175
FCC
[Hg] 6p2
+2,4

78.96 35
P2

S0

0.9
21.5645
-248.59
-246.08
(v) 69
2
[He] 2s 2p6
0

3.214
12.9676
-101.5
-34.04
(v) 99
[Ne] 3s2 3p5
+1,3,5,7,-1

2.55

Neon

Chlorine

208.98038 84

Bi

Sulfur

Se

2.05

6.697
8.6084
630.63
1587
(v) 138
rhom.
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p3
+3,5,-3

2.33

P2

20.1797

Ne

35.453 18

Cl

1.96
10.3600
115.21
444.72
(v) 102
FCO
[Ne] 3s2 3p4
+2,4,6,-2

Antimony

7.31
7.3439
231.93
2602
(v) 141
tetra.
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2
+2,4

Ununtrium

P3/2

3.98

1.696
17.4228
-219.6
-188.12
(v) 71
2
[He] 2s 2p5
-1

Selenium

5.727
9.7886
817
614
(v) 119
rhom.
10
2
[Ar] 3d 4s 4p3
+3,5,-3

118.710 51
P0

1.96

Pb

2.18

Fluorine

2.58

74.92160 34
S3/2

Arsenic

5.323
7.8994
938.3
2820
(v) 122
cubic
10
2
[Ar] 3d 4s 4p2
+2,4

Uut

Copernicium

Lead

11.85
6.1082
304
1473
(m) 170
HCP
[Hg] 6p1
+1,3

Cn

Phosphorus
1.823
10.4867
44.2
280.5
(v) 106

[Ne] 3s2 3p3


+3,4,5,-3

114.818 50
P1/2

1.78

Thallium

13.534
10.4375
-38.83
356.73
(m) 151
rhom.
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2
+1,2

Silicon

2.01

P2

32.065 17

S3/2

1s2
0

3.44

1.429
13.6181
-218.3
-182.9
(v) 73
2
[He] 2s 2p4
-2

2.19

24.5874
-268.93
-

18.9984032 10

Oxygen

2.33
8.1517
1414
2900
(v) 111
cubic
[Ne] 3s2 3p2
+2,4,-4

204.3833 82

Tl

P0

Germanium

7.31
5.7864
156.6
2072
(m) 167
tetra.
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p1
+3

200.59 81

Hg

(272) 112

Rg

In

S3/2

3.04

30.97361 16

Ge

1.251
14.5341
-210.1
-195.79
(v) 75
2
[He] 2s 2p3
+2,3,4,5,-2,-3

1.90

69.723 32
P1/2

1.81

Indium

8.65
8.9938
321.07
767
(m) 151
hex
[Kr] 4d10 5s2
+2

Mercury

19.3
9.2255
1064.18
2856
(m) 144
FCC
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s1
+1,3

17
VIIA
15.9994 9

Nitrogen

28.0855 15

Si

P1/2

1.61

5.904
5.9993
29.76
2204
(m) 135
BCO
10
2
[Ar] 3d 4s 4p1
+3

112.411 49
S0

Cd

P0

2.26
11.2603
3550
4027
(v) 77
hex
2
[He] 2s 2p2
+2,4,-4

Gallium

7.14
9.3942
419.53
907
(m) 134
hex
10
[Ar] 3d 4s2
+2

196.96655 80

Au

Ga

2.55

26.981538 14

65.409 31
S0

1.65

16
VIA
14.0067 8

Carbon

2.7
5.9858
660.32
2519
(m) 143
FCC
[Ne] 3s2 3p1
+3

Cadmium

10.49
7.5762
961.78
2162
(m) 144
FCC
[Kr] 4d10 5s1
+1

(281) 111

Ds

Meitnerium

1.93

Gold

21.09
8.9588
1768.3
3825
(m) 139
FCC
[Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1
+2,4

Zn

107.8682 48
S1/2

Silver

Platinum

Mt

Ag

195.078 79

Pt

F9/2

8.92
7.7264
1084.62
2927
(m) 128
FCC
10
[Ar] 3d 4s1
+1,2

106.42 47
S0

2.20

12.023
8.3369
1554.9
2963
(m) 137
FCC
[Kr] 4d10
+2,4

2.2

(277) 109

Hassium

Pd

22.65
8.9670
2466
4428
(m) 136
FCC
[Xe] 4f14 5d7 6s2
+2,3,4,6

Hs

Copper

192.217 78

Ir

D4

1.90

Palladium

12.45
7.4589
1964
3695
(m) 134
FCC
[Kr] 4d8 5s1
+2,3,4

2.2

(264) 108

Bh

2.28

12
IIB

1.91

8.908
7.6398
1455
2913
(m) 124
FCC
8
[Ar] 3d 4s2
+2,3

Boron

Aluminum

{42}

63.546 30
2
S1/2

Cu

P1/2

2.04

Al

11
IB

102.90550 46
4
F9/2

190.23 77

Os

Ni

13

13.6057 eV
0.01438769 m K
299 792 458 m/s
343.2 m/s
101 325 Pa

15
VA
12.0107 7

2.46
8.2980
2075
4000
(v) 82
rhom.
2
[He] 2s 2p1
+3

3.289842x1015 Hz

58.6934 29
3
F4

Nickel

Rhodium

12.37
7.3605
2334
4150
(m) 134
HCP
[Kr] 4d7 5s1
+2,3,4,6,8

Osmium

21.02
7.8335
3186
5596
(m) 137
HCP
[Xe] 4f14 5d5 6s2
+2,4,6,7,-1

1.88

8.9
7.8810
1495
2927
(m) 125
HCP
7
[Ar] 3d 4s2
+2,3

101.07 45
F5

Ru

6.67428x10-11 m3 kg-1 s-2


8.314472 J mol-1 K-1
0.02241410 m3/mol
3.14159265358979
6.626069x10-34 J s
1836.15267247
10 973 732 m-1

10
VIII
58.933200 28
4
F9/2

Cobalt

7.874
7.9024
1538
2861
(m) 126
BCC
6
[Ar] 3d 4s2
+2,3

186.207 76

Re

(266) 107

Sg

1.83

Ruthenium

11.5
7.28
2157
4265
(m) 136
HCP
[Kr] 4d5 5s2
+4,7

Rhenium

19.25
7.8640
3422
5555
(m) 139
BCC
[Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2
+2,3,4,5,6

Fe

9
VIII
55.845 27
5
D4

(98) 44

Tc

183.84 75

1.55

7.47
7.4340
1246
2061
(m) 127
cubic
5
[Ar] 3d 4s2
+2,3,4,6,7

p
h
me/mp
R
Rc
Rhc
ch/k
c

Second Radiation Constant


Speed of Light in a Vacuum
Speed of sound in air at STP
Standard Pressure

8
VIII
54.938049 26
6
S5/2

0.1785
(v) 32

Uuo

Ununseptium

Ununoctium

[Rn] 5f14 6d2 7s2 ?


+4

57

138.9055 58

La

D3/2

1.10

Lanthanum

6.146
5.5769
920
3464
(m) 187
hex
[Xe] 5d1 6s2
+3

89

Periodic Table of the Elements


Design by Vertex42.com
2011 Vertex42 LLC. All rights reserved.

Mn

G
R

2.8179403x10-15 m
1.602176x10-19 J
1.602176x10-19 C
96 485.3399 C/mol
0.0072973525
3.7417749x10-16 W m2

S0

6.0 ?

[Rn] 7s2
+2

References:
Nist.gov, *Wolfram.com (Mathematic),
CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics
81st Edition, 2000-2001, and others

Mo

Tantalum

F2 ?

1.66

Molybdenum

(261) 105

Rf

Notes:
- Density units are g/cm3 for solids and g/L or kg/cm 3 at 0 Celsius for
gases
- Atomic Weight based on 12C
- ( ) indicate mass number of most stable isotope
- Common Oxidation States in bold
- Electron Config. based on IUPAC guidelines
- indicates crystal structure is unusual or may require explanation
- (m) Metallic radius, (v) Covalent radius

1.60

Ta

F2

e
k
me
mec2
r0
eV
e
F

2hc2

7
VIIB

7.14
6.7665
1907
2671
(m) 128
BCC
5
[Ar] 3d 4s1
+2,3,6

92.90638 42
D1/2

8.57
6.7589
2477
4744
(m) 146
BCC
[Kr] 4d4 5s1
+3,5

1.3

104
Actinide
Series

Nb

Cr

Gravitation Constant
Molar Gas Constant
Molar Volume (Ideal Gas)
PI
Planck Constant
Proton-Electron Mass Ratio
Rydberg Constant

-273.15 C
1.660539x10-27 kg
6.022142x1023 mol-1
2.718281828
1.380650x10-23 J/K
9.10938215x10-31 kg
0.5110 MeV

mu

51.9961 25
7
S3

Chromium

Niobium

13.31
6.8251
2233
4603
(m) 159
HCP
[Xe] 4f14 5d2 6s2
+4

S0

Radium

1.63

6.11
6.7462
1910
3407
(m) 134
BCC
3
[Ar] 3d 4s2
+2,3,4,5

178.49 73

Hf
Lanthanide Series

91.224 41
F2

1.33

72

(226)
0.9

Zr

Zirconium

S0

Ra

14
IVA
10.811 6

Source: physics.nist.gov

6
VIB
50.9415 24
4
F3/2

Vanadium

6.511
6.6339
1855
4409
(m) 160
HCP
[Kr] 4d2 5s2
+4

0.89

3.51
5.2117
727
1870
(m) 222
BCC
[Xe] 6s2
+2

1.54

Titanium

4.472
6.2173
1526
3345
(m) 180
HCP
[Kr] 4d1 5s2
+3

5
VB
47.867 23
3
F2

4.507
6.8281
1668
3287
(m) 147
HCP
2
[Ar] 3d 4s2
+2,3,4

88.90585 40
D3/2

Ti

Common Constants

Electron Radius (Classical)


Electron Volt
Elementry Charge
Faraday Constant
fine-structure constant
First Radiation Constant

Metalloids

3
IIIB

137.327

Ba

(223) 88
2

Poor Metals

Yttrium

2.63
5.6949
777
1382
(m) 215
FCC
[Kr] 5s2
+2

Barium

1.879
3.8939
28.44
671
(m) 265
BCC
[Xe] 6s1
+1

Non Metals

[42]

87.62 39

Sr

S1/2

132.90545 56

Fr

Transition Metals

Scandium

1.55
6.1132
842
1484
(m) 197
FCC
2
[Ar] 4s
+2

Rubidium

Cs

Ca

0.82

1.532
4.1771
39.31
688
(m) 248
BCC
[Kr] 5s1
+1

55

Halogens

Rare Earth Metals

40.078 21

85.4678 38

Rb

Noble Gas

S0

1.738
7.6462
650
1090
(m) 160
HCP
[Ne] 3s2
+2

13
IIIA

Absolute Zero
Atomic Mass Unit
Avogadro Constant
Base of Natural Logarithms
Boltzmann constant
Electron Mass

Synthetic

Alkali Metals

1.31

Calcium

0.856
4.3407
63.38
759
(m) 227
BCC
1
[Ar] 4s
+1

37

Solid

Alkaline Earth Metals

24.3050

Mg

Liquid

Categories

1.848
9.3227
1287
2470
(m) 112
HCP
2
[He] 2s
+2

39.0983 20

Gas

Magnesium

0.968
5.1391
97.72
883
(m) 186
BCC
[Ne] 3s1
+1

19

S1/2

0.93

Ionization Energy (eV)


*Boiling Point (C)
Crystal Structure [Note]

Electron Configuration
Possible Oxidation States [Note]

Helium

Free Downloads at Vertex42.com

13.5984
-252.87
FCC

Phase at STP

1.57

22.989770 12

Na

Be

Beryllium

0.535
5.3917
180.54
1342
(m) 152
BCC
1
[He] 2s
+1

11

S1/2

0.98

0.0899
-259.14
(v) 37

4.002602

He

*Electronegativity (Pauling)

9.012182
1
S0

Actinides

1.00794 Atomic Weight

S1/2
Ground-State Level

2.2

1s1
+1,-1

6.941 4

Li

Hydrogen

Name
*Density [Note]
*Melting Point (C)
Atomic radius (pm)[Note]

Lanthanides

2.2

Hydrogen

18
VIIIA

Ce

D3/2

1.1

Actinium

10.07
5.17
1050
3200
FCC
1
2
[Rn] 6d 7s
+3

1.12

Pr

140.90765 60
4
I9/2
1.13

Cerium

Praseodymium

6.689
5.5387
798
3360
(m) 182
FCC
[Xe] 4f1 5d1 6s2
+3,4

6.64
5.473
931
3290
(m) 182
hex
[Xe] 4f3 6s2
+3,4

(227) 90

Ac

140.116 59
G4

232.0381 91

Th

F2

1.3

Thorium

11.724
6.3067
1750
4820
(m) 179
FCC
2
[Rn] 6d 7s2
+4

Nd

Neodymium

7.01
5.5250
1021
3100
(m) 181
hex
[Xe] 4f4 6s2
+3

231.0359 92

Pa

K11/2

1.5

Protactinium

15.37
5.89
1572
4000
(m) 163
tetra
2
1
[Rn] 5f 6d 7s2
+4,5

144.24 61
I4

1.14

Pm

Uranium

19.05
6.1941
1135
3927
(m) 156
BCP
3
1
[Rn] 5f 6d 7s2
+3,4,5,6

Promethium

7.264
5.582
1100
3000
(m) 183
HCP
[Xe] 4f5 6s2
+3

238.0289 93
5
L6
1.38

(145) 62
H5/2

Np

Sm

Neptunium

20.45
6.2657
644
4000
(m) 155
SO
4
1
[Rn] 5f 6d 7s2
+3,4,5,6

150.36 63
F0

Samarium

Eu

5.244
5.6704
822
1527
(m) 180
BCC
[Xe] 4f7 6s2
+2,3

(244) 95

Pu

151.964 64
S7/2

Europium

7.353
5.6437
1072
1803
(m) 180
hex
[Xe] 4f6 6s2
+2,3

(237) 94
L11/2

1.36

1.17

F0

1.28

Plutonium

19.816
6.0260
640
3230
(m) 159
mono.
6
[Rn] 5f 7s2
+3,4,5,6

Am

Gd

1.3

Americium

5.9738
1176
2011
(m) 173
HCP
7
[Rn] 5f 7s2
+3,4,5,6

157.25 65
D2

1.20

Gadolinium

7.901
6.1498
1313
3250
(m) 180
HCP
[Xe] 4f7 5d1 6s2
+3

(243) 96
S7/2

Cm

Tb

Curium

13.51
5.9914
1345
3110
(m) 174
HCP
7
[Rn] 5f 6d 7s2
+3

Terbium

8.219
5.8638
1356
3230
(m) 177
HCP
[Xe] 4f9 6s2
+3,4

(247) 97
D2
1.3

158.92534 66
H15/2

Bk

Dy

Dysprosium

8.551
5.9389
1412
2567
(m) 178
HCP
[Xe] 4f10 6s2
+3

(247) 98
H15/2
1.3

Berkelium

14.78
6.1979
1050
(m) 170
hex
9
[Rn] 5f 7s2
+3,4

162.500 67
I8

1.22

Ho

I8

1.3

Californium

15.1
6.2817
900
hex
10
[Rn] 5f 7s2
+3

1.23

Holmium

8.795
6.0215
1474
2700
(m) 176
HCP
[Xe] 4f11 6s2
+3

(251) 99

Cf

164.93032 68
4
I15/2

Es

Er

Erbium

1.3

Einsteinium

6.42
860
11
2
[Rn] 5f 7s
+3

Fm

Tm

168.93421 70
2
F7/2
1.25

Thulium

9.066
6.1077
1497
2868
(m) 176
HCP
[Xe] 4f12 6s2
+3

(252) 100
I15/2

167.259 69
H6

1.24

9.321
6.1843
1545
1950
(m) 176
HCP
[Xe] 4f13 6s2
+2,3

(257) 101
H6

1.3

Fermium

6.50
1527
12
2
[Rn] 5f 7s
+3

Md

Yb

1.3

Mendelevium
6.58
827
13
2
[Rn] 5f 7s
+2,3

173.04 71
S0
-

Ytterbium

6.57
6.2542
819
1196
(m) 176
FCC
[Xe] 4f14 6s2
+2,3

(258) 102
F7/2

No

174.967

Lu

Nobelium

6.65
827
14
2
[Rn] 5f 7s
+2,3

D3/2

Lutetium

9.841
5.4259
1663
3402
(m) 174
HCP
[Xe] 4f14 5d1 6s2
+3

(259) 103
S0

1.3

1.27

Lr

(262)
P1/2 ?

Lawrencium

4.9 ?
1627
14
2
[Rn] 5f 7s 7p ?
+3

Atomic
Number

Name

1 Hydrogen
2 Helium
3 Lithium
4 Beryllium
5 Boron
6 Carbon
7 Nitrogen
8 Oxygen
9 Fluorine
10 Neon
11 Sodium
12 Magnesium
13 Aluminum
14 Silicon
15 Phosphorus
16 Sulfur
17 Chlorine
18 Argon
19 Potassium
20 Calcium
21 Scandium
22 Titanium
23 Vanadium
24 Chromium
25 Manganese
26 Iron
27 Cobalt
28 Nickel
29 Copper
30 Zinc
31 Gallium
32 Germanium
33 Arsenic
34 Selenium
35 Bromine
36 Krypton
37 Rubidium
38 Strontium
39 Yttrium
40 Zirconium
41 Niobium
42 Molybdenum
43 Technetium
44 Ruthenium
45 Rhodium
46 Palladium
47 Silver
48 Cadmium
49 Indium
50 Tin

Symbol

H
He
Li
Be
B
C
N
O
F
Ne
Na
Mg
Al
Si
P
S
Cl
Ar
K
Ca
Sc
Ti
V
Cr
Mn
Fe
Co
Ni
Cu
Zn
Ga
Ge
As
Se
Br
Kr
Rb
Sr
Y
Zr
Nb
Mo
Tc
Ru
Rh
Pd
Ag
Cd
In
Sn

Atomic
Weight

Phase at STP Type

1.00794 Gas
4.002602 Gas
6.941 Solid
9.012182 Solid
10.811 Solid
12.0107 Solid
14.0067 Gas
15.9994 Gas
18.9984032 Gas
20.1797 Gas
22.98977 Solid
24.305 Solid
26.981538 Solid
28.0855 Solid
30.97361 Solid
32.065 Solid
35.453 Gas
39.948 Gas
39.0983 Solid
40.078 Solid
44.95591 Solid
47.867 Solid
50.9415 Solid
51.9961 Solid
54.938049 Solid
55.845 Solid
58.9332 Solid
58.6934 Solid
63.546 Solid
65.409 Solid
69.723 Solid
72.64 Solid
74.9216 Solid
78.96 Solid
79.904 Liquid
83.798 Gas
85.4678 Solid
87.62 Solid
88.90585 Solid
91.224 Solid
92.90638 Solid
95.94 Solid
98 Synthetic
101.07 Solid
102.9055 Solid
106.42 Solid
107.8682 Solid
112.411 Solid
114.818 Solid
118.71 Solid

Non Metal
Noble Gas
Alkali Metal
Alkaline Earth Metal
Metalloids
Non Metal
Non Metal
Non Metal
Halogen
Noble Gas
Alkali Metal
Alkaline Earth Metal
Poor Metal
Metalloids
Non Metal
Non Metal
Halogen
Noble Gas
Alkali Metal
Alkaline Earth Metal
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
Poor Metal
Metalloids
Metalloids
Non Metal
Halogen
Noble Gas
Alkali Metal
Alkaline Earth Metal
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
Poor Metal
Poor Metal

Group

1
18
1
2
13
14
15
16
17
18
1
2
13
14
15
16
17
18
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14

51 Antimony
52 Tellurium
53 Iodine
54 Xenon
55 Cesium
56 Barium
57 Lanthanum
58 Cerium
59 Praseodymium
60 Neodymium
61 Promethium
62 Samarium
63 Europium
64 Gadolinium
65 Terbium
66 Dysprosium
67 Holmium
68 Erbium
69 Thulium
70 Ytterbium
71 Lutetium
72 Hafnium
73 Tantalum
74 Tungsten
75 Rhenium
76 Osmium
77 Iridium
78 Platinum
79 Gold
80 Mercury
81 Thallium
82 Lead
83 Bismuth
84 Polonium
85 Astatine
86 Radon
87 Francium
88 Radium
89 Actinium
90 Thorium
91 Protactinium
92 Uranium
93 Neptunium
94 Plutonium
95 Americium
96 Curium
97 Berkelium
98 Californium
99 Einsteinium
100 Fermium
101 Mendelevium
102 Nobelium
103 Lawrencium
104 Rutherfordium

Sb
Te
I
Xe
Cs
Ba
La
Ce
Pr
Nd
Pm
Sm
Eu
Gd
Tb
Dy
Ho
Er
Tm
Yb
Lu
Hf
Ta
W
Re
Os
Ir
Pt
Au
Hg
Tl
Pb
Bi
Po
At
Rn
Fr
Ra
Ac
Th
Pa
U
Np
Pu
Am
Cm
Bk
Cf
Es
Fm
Md
No
Lr
Rf

121.76 Solid
127.6 Solid
126.90447 Solid
131.293 Gas
132.90545 Solid
137.327 Solid
138.9055 Solid
140.116 Solid
140.90765 Solid
144.24 Solid
145 Synthetic
150.36 Solid
151.964 Solid
157.25 Solid
158.92534 Solid
162.5 Solid
164.93032 Solid
167.259 Solid
168.93421 Solid
173.04 Solid
174.967 Solid
178.49 Solid
180.9479 Solid
183.84 Solid
186.207 Solid
190.23 Solid
192.217 Solid
195.078 Solid
196.96655 Solid
200.59 Liquid
204.3833 Solid
207.2 Solid
208.98038 Solid
209 Solid
210 Solid
222 Gas
223 Solid
226 Solid
227 Solid
232.0381 Solid
231.03588 Solid
238.02891 Solid
237 Synthetic
244 Synthetic
243 Synthetic
247 Synthetic
247 Synthetic
251 Synthetic
252 Synthetic
257 Synthetic
258 Synthetic
259 Synthetic
262 Synthetic
261 Synthetic

Metalloids
Metalloids
Halogen
Noble Gas
Alkali Metal
Alkaline Earth Metal
Rare Earth Metal
Rare Earth Metal
Rare Earth Metal
Rare Earth Metal
Rare Earth Metal
Rare Earth Metal
Rare Earth Metal
Rare Earth Metal
Rare Earth Metal
Rare Earth Metal
Rare Earth Metal
Rare Earth Metal
Rare Earth Metal
Rare Earth Metal
Rare Earth Metal
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
Poor Metal
Poor Metal
Poor Metal
Metalloids
Halogen
Noble Gas
Alkali Metal
Alkaline Earth Metal
Rare Earth Metal
Rare Earth Metal
Rare Earth Metal
Rare Earth Metal
Rare Earth Metal
Rare Earth Metal
Rare Earth Metal
Rare Earth Metal
Rare Earth Metal
Rare Earth Metal
Rare Earth Metal
Rare Earth Metal
Rare Earth Metal
Rare Earth Metal
Rare Earth Metal
Transition Metal

15
16
17
18
1
2
3
101
101
101
101
101
101
101
101
101
101
101
101
101
101
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
1
2
3
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
4

105 Dubnium
106 Seaborgium
107 Bohrium
108 Hassium
109 Meitnerium
110 Darmstadtium
111 Roentgenium
112 Copernicium
113 Ununtrium
114 Ununquadium
115 Ununpentium
116 Ununhexium
117 Ununseptium
118 Ununoctium

Db
Sg
Bh
Hs
Mt
Ds
Rg
Cn
Uut
Uuq
Uup
Uuh
Uus
Uuo

262 Synthetic
266 Synthetic
264 Synthetic
277 Synthetic
268 Synthetic
281 Synthetic
272 Synthetic
285 Synthetic
#N/A Synthetic
289 Synthetic
#N/A Synthetic
292 Synthetic
#N/A Synthetic
Synthetic

Transition
Transition
Transition
Transition
Transition
Transition
Transition
Transition
Transition
Transition
Transition
Transition
Transition
Transition

Metal
Metal
Metal
Metal
Metal
Metal
Metal
Metal
Metal
Metal
Metal
Metal
Metal
Metal

References:
NIST.gov
* Mathematica (references.wolfram.com)
Various including:
http://education.jlab.org/qa/discover_ele.html
http://www.lenntech.com/periodic-chart-elements/inventor-surname.htm
http://www.sciencegeek.net/tables/lbltable.pdf
http://ptable.com
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_radii_of_the_elements_(data_page)
http://environmentalchemistry.com/yogi/periodic/crystal.html

http://www.periodictable.com

5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
16

Group 2

IA
VIIIA
IA
IIA
IIIA
IVA
VA
VIA
VIIA
VIIIA
IA
IIA
IIIA
IVA
VA
VIA
VIIA
VIIIA
IA
IIA
IIIB
IVB
VB
VIB
VIIB
VIIIB
VIIIB
VIIIB
IB
IIB
IIIA
IVA
VA
VIA
VIIA
VIIIA
IA
IIA
IIIB
IVB
VB
VIB
VIIB
VIIIB
VIIIB
VIIIB
IB
IIB
IIIA
IVA

Period

Electron Configuration

1 1s1
1 1s2
2 [He] 2s1
2 [He] 2s2
2 [He] 2s22p1
2 [He] 2s22p2
2 [He] 2s22p3
2 [He] 2s22p4
2 [He] 2s22p5
2 [He] 2s22p6
3 [Ne] 3s1
3 [Ne] 3s2
3 [Ne] 3s23p1
3 [Ne] 3s23p2
3 [Ne] 3s23p3
3 [Ne] 3s23p4
3 [Ne] 3s23p5
3 [Ne] 3s23p6
4 [Ar] 4s1
4 [Ar] 4s2
4 [Ar] 3d14s2
4 [Ar] 3d24s2
4 [Ar] 3d34s2
4 [Ar] 3d54s1
4 [Ar] 3d54s2
4 [Ar] 3d64s2
4 [Ar] 3d74s2
4 [Ar] 3d84s2
4 [Ar] 3d104s1
4 [Ar] 3d104s2
4 [Ar] 3d104s24p1
4 [Ar] 3d104s24p2
4 [Ar] 3d104s24p3
4 [Ar] 3d104s24p4
4 [Ar] 3d104s24p5
4 [Ar] 3d104s24p6
5 [Kr] 5s1
5 [Kr] 5s2
5 [Kr] 4d15s2
5 [Kr] 4d25s2
5 [Kr] 4d45s1
5 [Kr] 4d55s1
5 [Kr] 4d55s2
5 [Kr] 4d75s1
5 [Kr] 4d85s1
5 [Kr] 4d10
5 [Kr] 4d105s1
5 [Kr] 4d105s2
5 [Kr] 4d105s25p1
5 [Kr] 4d105s25p2

Ground-state
Level

2S1/2
1S0
2S1/2
1S0
2P1/2
3P0
4S3/2
3P2
2P3/2
1S0
2S1/2
1S0
2P1/2
3P0
4S3/2
3P2
2P3/2
1S0
2S1/2
1S0
2D3/2
3F2
4F3/2
7S3
6S5/2
5D4
4F9/2
3F4
2S1/2
1S0
2P1/2
3P0
4S3/2
3P2
2P3/2
1S0
2S1/2
1S0
2D3/2
3F2
6D1/2
7S3
6S5/2
5F5
4F9/2
1S0
2S1/2
1S0
2P1/2
3P0

Ionization
Energy (eV)

13.5984
24.5874
5.3917
9.3227
8.298
11.2603
14.5341
13.6181
17.4228
21.5645
5.1391
7.6462
5.9858
8.1517
10.4867
10.36
12.9676
15.7596
4.3407
6.1132
6.5615
6.8281
6.7462
6.7665
7.434
7.9024
7.881
7.6398
7.7264
9.3942
5.9993
7.8994
9.7886
9.7524
11.8138
13.9996
4.1771
5.6949
6.2173
6.6339
6.7589
7.0924
7.28
7.3605
7.4589
8.3369
7.5762
8.9938
5.7864
7.3439

* Melting Point
(C)

-259.14
#N/A
180.54
1287
2075
3550
-210.1
-218.3
-219.6
-248.59
97.72
650
660.32
1414
44.2
115.21
-101.5
-189.3
63.38
842
1541
1668
1910
1907
1246
1538
1495
1455
1084.62
419.53
29.76
938.3
817
221
-7.3
-157.36
39.31
777
1526
1855
2477
2623
2157
2334
1964
1554.9
961.78
321.07
156.6
231.93

VA
VIA
VIIA
VIIIA
IA
IIA
Lanthanides
Lanthanides
Lanthanides
Lanthanides
Lanthanides
Lanthanides
Lanthanides
Lanthanides
Lanthanides
Lanthanides
Lanthanides
Lanthanides
Lanthanides
Lanthanides
Lanthanides
IVB
VB
VIB
VIIB
VIIIB
VIIIB
VIIIB
IB
IIB
IIIA
IVA
VA
VIA
VIIA
VIIIA
IA
IIA
Actinides
Actinides
Actinides
Actinides
Actinides
Actinides
Actinides
Actinides
Actinides
Actinides
Actinides
Actinides
Actinides
Actinides
Actinides
IVB

5 [Kr] 4d105s25p3
5 [Kr] 4d105s25p4
5 [Kr] 4d105s25p5
5 [Kr] 4d105s25p6
6 [Xe] 6s1
6 [Xe] 6s2
6 [Xe] 5d16s2
6 [Xe] 4f15d16s2
6 [Xe] 4f36s2
6 [Xe] 4f46s2
6 [Xe] 4f56s2
6 [Xe] 4f66s2
6 [Xe] 4f76s2
6 [Xe] 4f75d16s2
6 [Xe] 4f96s2
6 [Xe] 4f106s2
6 [Xe] 4f116s2
6 [Xe] 4f126s2
6 [Xe] 4f136s2
6 [Xe] 4f146s2
6 [Xe] 4f145d16s2
6 [Xe] 4f145d26s2
6 [Xe] 4f145d36s2
6 [Xe] 4f145d46s2
6 [Xe] 4f145d56s2
6 [Xe] 4f145d66s2
6 [Xe] 4f145d76s2
6 [Xe] 4f145d96s1
6 [Xe] 4f145d106s1
6 [Xe] 4f145d106s2
6 [Hg] 6p1
6 [Hg] 6p2
6 [Hg] 6p3
6 [Hg] 6p4
6 [Hg] 6p5
6 [Hg] 6p6
7 [Rn] 7s1
7 [Rn] 7s2
7 [Rn] 6d17s2
7 [Rn] 6d27s2
7 [Rn] 5f26d17s2
7 [Rn] 5f36d17s2
7 [Rn] 5f46d17s2
7 [Rn] 5f67s2
7 [Rn] 5f77s2
7 [Rn] 5f76d 7s2
7 [Rn] 5f97s2
7 [Rn] 5f107s2
7 [Rn] 5f117s2
7 [Rn] 5f127s2
7 [Rn] 5f137s2
7 [Rn] 5f147s2
7 [Rn] 5f147s2 7p ?
7 [Rn] 5f146d2 7s2 ?

4S3/2
3P2
2P3/2
1S0
2S1/2
1S0
2D3/2
1G4
4I9/2
5I4
6H5/2
7F0
8S7/2
9D2
6H15/2
5I8
4I15/2
3H6
2F7/2
1S0
2D3/2
3F2
4F3/2
5D0
6S5/2
5D4
4F9/2
3D3
2S1/2
1S0
2P01/2
3P0
4S03/2
3P2
2P03/2
1S0
2S1/2
1S0
2D3/2
3F2
4K11/2
5L6
6L11/2
7F0
8S7/2
9D2
6H15/2
5I8
4I15/2
3H6
2F7/2
1S0
2P1/2 ?
3F2 ?

8.6084
9.0096
10.4513
12.1298
3.8939
5.2117
5.5769
5.5387
5.473
5.525
5.582
5.6437
5.6704
6.1498
5.8638
5.9389
6.0215
6.1077
6.1843
6.2542
5.4259
6.8251
7.5496
7.864
7.8335
8.4382
8.967
8.9588
9.2255
10.4375
6.1082
7.4167
7.2855
8.414
#N/A
10.7485
4.0727
5.2784
5.17
6.3067
5.89
6.1941
6.2657
6.0260
5.9738
5.9914
6.1979
6.2817
6.42
6.5
6.58
6.65
4.9 ?
6.0 ?

630.63
449.51
113.7
-111.8
28.44
727
920
798
931
1021
1100
1072
822
1313
1356
1412
1474
1497
1545
819
1663
2233
3017
3422
3186
3033
2466
1768.3
1064.18
-38.83
304
327.46
271.3
254
302
-71
#N/A
700
1050
1750
1572
1135
644
640
1176
1345
1050
900
860
1527
827
827
1627
#N/A

VB
VIB
VIIB
VIIIB
VIIIB
VIIIB
IB
IIB
IIIA
IVA
VIA

7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7

#N/A

* Boiling Point Crystal


(C)
Structure

-252.87 hex
-268.93
1342 BCC
2470 HCP
4000 rhom.
4027 hex
-195.79 hex
-182.9 cubic
-188.12 cubic
-246.08 FCC
883 BCC
1090 HCP
2519 FCC
2900 cubic
280.5
444.72 FCO
-34.04 BCO
-185.8 FCC
759 BCC
1484 FCC
2830 HCP
3287 HCP
3407 BCC
2671 BCC
2061 cubic
2861 BCC
2927 HCP
2913 FCC
2927 FCC
907 hex
2204 BCO
2820 cubic
614 rhom.
685 hex
59 BCO
-153.22 FCC
688 BCC
1382 FCC
3345 HCP
4409 HCP
4744 BCC
4639 BCC
4265 HCP
4150 HCP
3695 FCC
2963 FCC
2162 FCC
767 hex
2072 tetra.
2602 tetra.

Atomic
Radius
(display)
(v) 37
(v) 32
(m) 152
(m) 112
(v) 82
(v) 77
(v) 75
(v) 73
(v) 71
(v) 69
(m) 186
(m) 160
(m) 143
(v) 111
(v) 106
(v) 102
(v) 99
(v) 97
(m) 227
(m) 197
(m) 162
(m) 147
(m) 134
(m) 128
(m) 127
(m) 126
(m) 125
(m) 124
(m) 128
(m) 134
(m) 135
(v) 122
(v) 119
(v) 116
(v) 114
(v) 110
(m) 248
(m) 215
(m) 180
(m) 160
(m) 146
(m) 139
(m) 136
(m) 134
(m) 134
(m) 137
(m) 144
(m) 151
(m) 167
(v) 141

Metallic
Radius
(pm)

152
112

186
160
143

227
197
162
147
134
128
127
126
125
124
128
134
135

248
215
180
160
146
139
136
134
134
137
144
151
167

* Covalent
radius (pm)

37
32
134
90
82
77
75
73
71
69
154
130
118
111
106
102
99
97
196
174
144
136
125
127
139
125
126
121
138
131
126
122
119
116
114
110
211
192
162
148
137
145
156
126
135
131
153
148
144
141

* Atomic
Radius
(calculated)
(pm)
53
31
167
112
87
67
56
48
42
38
190
145
118
111
98
88
79
71
243
194
184
176
171
166
161
156
152
149
145
142
136
125
114
103
94
88
265
219
212
206
198
190
183
178
173
169
165
161
156
145

* Van der
Waals
Radius, (pm)
120
140
182
153
192
170
155
152
147
154
227
173
184
210
180
180
175
188
275
231
211
#N/A

163
140
139
187
211
185
190
185
202
303
249
#N/A

163
172
158
193
217

1587 rhom.
988 hex
184.3 BCO
-108 FCC
671 BCC
1870 BCC
3464 hex
3360 FCC
3290 hex
3100 hex
3000 HCP
1803 hex
1527 BCC
3250 HCP
3230 HCP
2567 HCP
2700 HCP
2868 HCP
1950 HCP
1196 FCC
3402 HCP
4603 HCP
5458 BCC
5555 BCC
5596 HCP
5012 HCP
4428 FCC
3825 FCC
2856 FCC
356.73 rhom.
1473 HCP
1749 FCC
1564 rhom.
962 cubic
#N/A
-61.7
#N/A
1737 BCC
3200 FCC
4820 FCC
4000 tetra
3927 BCO
4000 SO
3230 mono.
2011 HCP
3110 HCP
#N/A hex
hex

(v) 138
(v) 135
(v) 133
(v) 130
(m) 265
(m) 222
(m) 187
(m) 182
(m) 182
(m) 181
(m) 183
(m) 180
(m) 180
(m) 180
(m) 177
(m) 178
(m) 176
(m) 176
(m) 176
(m) 176
(m) 174
(m) 159
(m) 146
(m) 139
(m) 137
(m) 135
(m) 136
(m) 139
(m) 144
(m) 151
(m) 170
(m) 175
(v) 146

265
222
187
182
182
181
183
180
180
180
177
178
176
176
176
176
174
159
146
139
137
135
136
139
144
151
170
175

(v) 145

(m)
(m)
(m)
(m)
(m)
(m)
(m)
(m)

179
163
156
155
159
173
174
170

138
135
133
130
225
198
169
#N/A

160
150
138
146
159
128
137
128
144
149
148
147
146
#N/A
145
#N/A

179
163
156
155
159
173
174
170

133
123
115
108
298
253
#N/A
247
206
205
238
231
233
225
228
#N/A
226
222
222
217
208
200
193
188
185
180
177
174
171
156
154
143
135
#N/A
120
#N/A

206
206
198
216
343
268
#N/A

175
166
155
196
202
207
197
202
220
348
283
#N/A

186
#N/A

* Electronegativity
(Pauling)
2.2
#N/A
0.98
1.57
2.04
2.55
3.04
3.44
3.98
#N/A
0.93
1.31
1.61
1.9
2.19
2.58
3.16
#N/A
0.82
1
1.36
1.54
1.63
1.66
1.55
1.83
1.88
1.91
1.9
1.65
1.81
2.01
2.18
2.55
2.96
3
0.82
0.95
1.22
1.33
1.6
2.16
1.9
2.2
2.28
2.2
1.93
1.69
1.78
1.96

* Density
(g/cm3)

0.0899
0.1785
0.535
1.848
2.46
2.26
1.251
1.429
1.696
0.9
0.968
1.738
2.7
2.33
1.823
1.96
3.214
1.784
0.856
1.55
2.985
4.507
6.11
7.14
7.47
7.874
8.9
8.908
8.92
7.14
5.904
5.323
5.727
4.819
3.12
3.75
1.532
2.63
4.472
6.511
8.57
10.28
11.5
12.37
12.45
12.023
10.49
8.65
7.31
7.31

* Electron
Affinity
(kJ/mol)
72.8
#N/A
59.6
#N/A
26.7
153.9
7
141
328
#N/A
52.8
#N/A
42.5
133.6
72
200
349
#N/A
48.4
2.37
18.1
7.6
50.6
64.3
#N/A
15.7
63.7
112
118.4
#N/A
28.9
119
78
195
324.6
#N/A
46.9
5.03
29.6
41.1
86.1
71.9
53
101.3
109.7
53.7
125.6
#N/A
28.9
107.3

* Thermal
Conductivity,
W/(m K)

* Electrical
Resistivity
(m)

* CAS Number

0.1805
#N/A CAS1333-74-0
0.1513
CAS7440-59-7
85 0.000000094 CAS7439-93-2
190
0.00000004 CAS7440-41-7
27 10000
CAS7440-42-8
140 0.00001
CAS7440-44-0
0.02583
#N/A CAS7727-37-9
0.02658
CAS7782-44-7
0.0277
CAS7782-41-4
0.0491
CAS7440-01-9
140 0.000000047 CAS7440-23-5
160 0.000000044 CAS7439-95-4
235 0.000000026 CAS7429-90-5
150 0.001
CAS7440-21-3
0.236
0.0000001 CAS7723-14-0
0.205
#N/A CAS7704-34-9
0.0089
CAS7782-50-5
0.01772
CAS7440-37-1
100
0.00000007 CAS7440-09-7
200 0.000000034 CAS7440-70-2
16
0.00000055 CAS7440-20-2
22
0.0000004 CAS7440-32-6
31
0.0000002 CAS7440-62-2
94
0.00000013 CAS7440-47-3
7.8
0.0000016 CAS7439-96-5
80 0.000000097 CAS7439-89-6
100
0.00000006 CAS7440-48-4
91
0.00000007 CAS7440-02-0
400 0.000000017 CAS7440-50-8
120 0.000000059 CAS7440-66-6
29
0.00000014 CAS7440-55-3
60 0.0005
CAS7440-56-4
50
0.0000003 CAS7440-38-2
0.52
#N/A CAS7782-49-2
0.12
CAS7726-95-6
0.00943
CAS7439-90-9
58
0.00000012 CAS7440-17-7
35
0.00000013 CAS7440-24-6
17
0.00000056 CAS7440-65-5
23
0.00000042 CAS7440-67-7
54
0.00000015 CAS7440-03-1
139
0.00000005 CAS7439-98-7
51
0.0000002 CAS7440-26-8
120 0.000000071 CAS7440-18-8
150 0.000000043 CAS7440-16-6
72
0.0000001 CAS7440-05-3
430 0.000000016 CAS7440-22-4
97
0.00000007 CAS7440-43-9
82
0.00000008 CAS7440-74-6
67
0.00000011 CAS7440-31-5

2.05
2.1
2.66
2.6
0.79
0.89
1.1
1.12
1.13
1.14
#N/A
1.17
#N/A
1.2
#N/A
1.22
1.23
1.24
1.25
#N/A
1.27
1.3
1.5
2.36
1.9
2.2
2.2
2.28
2.54
2
1.62
2.33
2.02
2
2.2
#N/A
0.7
0.9
1.1
1.3
1.5
1.38
1.36
1.28
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.3
#N/A

6.697
6.24
4.94
5.9
1.879
3.51
6.146
6.689
6.64
7.01
7.264
7.353
5.244
7.901
8.219
8.551
8.795
9.066
9.321
6.57
9.841
13.31
16.65
19.25
21.02
22.61
22.65
21.09
19.3
13.534
11.85
11.34
9.78
9.196
#N/A
9.73
#N/A
5
10.07
11.724
15.37
19.05
20.45
19.816
#N/A
13.51
14.78
15.1
#N/A

103.2
190.2
295.2
#N/A
45.5
13.95
48
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
0
31
78.6
14.5
106.1
151
205.3
222.8
#N/A
19.2
35.1
91.2
183.3
270.1
#N/A

24
0.0000004 CAS7440-36-0
3 0.0001
CAS13494-80-9
0.449
#N/A CAS7553-56-2
0.00565
CAS7440-63-3
36
0.0000002 CAS7440-46-2
18
0.00000035 CAS7440-39-3
13
0.00000061 CAS7439-91-0
11
0.00000074 CAS7440-45-1
13
0.0000007 CAS7440-10-0
17
0.00000064 CAS7440-00-8
15
0.00000075 CAS7440-12-2
13
0.00000094 CAS7440-19-9
14
0.0000009 CAS7440-53-1
11
0.0000013 CAS7440-54-2
11
0.0000012 CAS7440-27-9
11
0.00000091 CAS7429-91-6
16
0.00000094 CAS7440-60-0
15
0.00000086 CAS7440-52-0
17
0.0000007 CAS7440-30-4
39
0.00000028 CAS7440-64-4
16
0.00000056 CAS7439-94-3
23
0.0000003 CAS7440-58-6
57
0.00000013 CAS7440-25-7
170
0.00000005 CAS7440-33-7
48
0.00000018 CAS7440-15-5
88 0.000000081 CAS7440-04-2
150 0.000000047 CAS7439-88-5
72
0.00000011 CAS7440-06-4
320 0.000000022 CAS7440-57-5
8.3
0.00000096 CAS7439-97-6
46
0.00000015 CAS7440-28-0
35
0.00000021 CAS7439-92-1
8
0.0000013 CAS7440-69-9
#N/A
0.00000043 CAS7440-08-6
2
#N/A CAS7440-68-8
0.00361
CAS10043-92-2
#N/A
CAS7440-73-5
19
0.000001 CAS7440-14-4
12
#N/A CAS7440-34-8
54
0.00000015 CAS7440-29-1
47
0.00000018 CAS7440-13-3
27
0.00000028 CAS7440-61-1
6
0.0000012 CAS7439-99-8
6
0.0000015 CAS7440-07-5
10
#N/A CAS7440-35-9
#N/A
CAS7440-51-9
10
CAS7440-40-6
#N/A
CAS7440-71-3
CAS7429-92-7
CAS7440-72-4
CAS7440-11-1
CAS10028-14-5
CAS22537-19-5
CAS53850-36-5

CAS53850-35-4
CAS54038-81-2
CAS54037-14-8
CAS54037-57-9
CAS54038-01-6
CAS54083-77-1
CAS54386-24-2
CAS54084-26-3
CAS54084-70-7
CAS54085-16-4
CAS54085-64-2
CAS54100-71-9
CAS87658-56-8
CAS54144-19-3

Possible Oxidation
States

+1,-1
+1
+2
+3
+2,4/-4
+1,2,3,4,5/-1,2,3
-2
-1
+1
+2
+3
+2,4/-4
+3,5/-3
+4,6/-2
+1,5,7/-1
+1
+2
+3
+2,3,4
+2,3,4,5
+2,3,6
+2,3,4,7
+2,3
+2,3
+2,3
+1,2
+2
+3
+2,4
+3,5/-3
+4,6/-2
+1,5/-1
+1
+2
+3
+4
+3,5
+6
+4,7
+3
+3
+2,4
+1
+2
+3
+2,4

Discoverer

Discovery
(Year)

Cavendish, Henry
0 Ramsey, Sir William & Cleve, Per Teodor
Arfvedson, Johan August
Vauquelin, Nicholas Louis
Davy, Sir Humphry & Thnard, Louis-Jaqu
unknown
ancient
Rutherford, Daniel
Priestley, Joseph & Scheele, Carl Wilhelm
Moissan, Henri
0 Ramsay, William & Travers, Morris
Davy, Sir Humphry
Black, Joseph
Oersted, Hans Christian
Berzelius, Jns Jacob
Brandt, Hennig
unknown
ancient
Scheele, Carl Wilhelm
0 Ramsay, Sir William & Strutt, John (Lord R
Davy, Sir Humphry
Davy, Sir Humphry
Nilson, Lars Fredrik
Gregor, William
Del Rio, Andrs Manuel (1801) & Sefstrm
Vauquelin
Gahn, Johan Gottlieb
unknown
ancient
Brandt, Georg
Cronstedt, Alex Fredrik
unknown
ancient
unknown
ancient
Lecoq de Boisbaudran, Paul-mile
Winkler, Clemens A.
unknown
ancient
Berzelius, Jns Jacob
Balard, Antoine-Jrme
0 Ramsay, Sir William & Travers, Morris
Bunsen, Robert Wilhelm & Kirchhoff, Gust
Crawford, Adair
Gadolin, Johan
Klaproth, Martin Heinrich
Hatchet, Charles
Scheele, Carl Welhelm
Perrier, Carlo & Segr, Emilio
Klaus, Karl Karlovich
Wollaston, William Hyde
Wollaston, William Hyde
unknown
ancient
Stromeyer, Prof. Friedrich
Reich, Ferdinand & Richter, Hieronymus
unknown
ancient

1766
1895
1817
1797
1808
1772
1774
1886
1898
1807
1755
1825
1824
1669
1774
1894
1807
1808
1879
1791
1801
1797
1774
1735
1751

1875
1886
1817
1826
1898
1861
1790
1789
1789
1801
1778
1937
1844
1803
1803
1817
1863

+3,5/-3
+4,6/-2
+1,5,7/-1
+1
+2
+3
+3,4
+3
+3
+3
+2,3
+2,3
+3
+3
+3
+3
+3
+3
+2,3
+3
+4
+5
+6
+4,67
+3,4
+3,4
+2,4
+1,3
+1,2
+1,3
+2,4
+3,5
+2,4

+1
+2
+3
+4
+4,5
+3,4,5,6
+3,4,5,6
+3,4,5,6
+3,4,5,6
+3
+3,4
+3
+3
+3
+2,3
+2,3
+3
+4

unknown
ancient
Mller von Reichenstein, Franz Joseph
Courtois, Bernard
0 Ramsay, William & Travers, Morris Willia
Kirchhoff, Gustav & Bunsen, Robert
Davy, Sir Humphry
Mosander, Carl Gustav
Hisinger, Wilhelm & Berzelius, Jns Jacob/
Von Welsbach, Baron Auer
Von Welsbach, Baron Auer
Marinsky, Jacob A. & Coryell, Charles D.
Lecoq de Boisbaudran, Paul-mile
Demaray, Eugne-Antole
De Marignac, Charles Galissard
Mosander, Carl Gustav
Lecoq de Boisbaudran, Paul-mile
Cleve, Per Theodor
Mosander, Carl Gustav
Cleve, Per Teodor
De Marignac, Jean Charles Galissard
Urbain, Georges
Coster, Dirk & De Hevesy, George Charle
Ekeberg, Anders Gustav
Elhuyar, Juan Jos & Elhuyar, Fausto
Noddack, Walter & Berg, Otto Carl & Tacke
Tennant, Smithson
Tennant, Smithson
Ulloa, Antonio de
unknown
ancient
unknown
ancient
Crookes, William
unknown
ancient
Geoffroy, Claude
ancient
Curie, Marie & Pierre
Corson, Dale R. & Mackenzie, K. R.
0 Dorn, Friedrich Ernst
Perey, Marguerite
Curie, Marie & Pierre
Debierne, Andr
Berzelius, Jns Jacob
Ghring, Otto & Fajans, Kasimir
Klaproth, Martin Heinrich
McMillan, Edwin M. & Abelson, Philip H.
Glenn T. Seaborg, Joseph W. Kennedy, Edw
Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James, Leon O
Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James, Albert
Stanley G. Thompson, Glenn T. Seaborg, Ke
Stanley G. Thompson, Glenn T. Seaborg, Ke
Albert Ghiorso et. al.
Albert Ghiorso et. al.
Stanley G. Thompson, Glenn T. Seaborg, B
Albert Ghiorso, Glenn T. Seaborg, Torbrn
Albert Ghiorso, Torbjrn Sikkeland, Almon
Scientists at Dubna, Russia (1964)/Albert

1782
1811
1898
1860
1808
1839
1803
1885
1885
1944
1879
1901
1880
1843
1886
1879
1842
1879
1878
1907
1923
1802
1783
1925
1803
1803
1735

1861

1898
1940
1900
1939
1898
1899
1829
1913
1789
1940
1940
1944
1944
1949
1950
1952
1952
1955
1958
1961
1964

Scientists at Dubna, Russia (1967)/Lawre


Albert Ghiorso et. al.
Scientists at Dubna, Russia
Armbruster, Paula & Muenzenberg, Dr. Got
Armbruster, Paula & Muenzenberg, Dr. Got
Armbruster, Paula & Muenzenberg, Dr. Got
Hofmann, Sigurd et. al.
Armbruster, Paula & Muenzenberg, Dr. Got
Y. T. Oganessian et. al.
Scientists at Dubna, Russia
Y. T. Oganessian et. al.
Scientists at Dubna, Russia
Yet to be produced
NA
Y. T. Oganessian et. al.

1967
1974
1976
1984
1982
1994
1994
1996
2004
1998
2004
2001
2006

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