a) System or Process b,) Transmitter ¢.) Controtiing unit 4) Controlter e.) Measured value In electronics and telecommunications a transmitter or radio transmitter is an electronic device which, with the aid of an antenna, produces radio waves. The transmitter itself generates a radio frequency alternating current, which is applied to the antenna. When excited by this alternating current, the antenna radiates radio waves. In addition to their use in broadcasting, transmitters are necessary component parts of many electronic devices that communicate by radio, such as cell phones, wireless computer networks, Bluetooth enabled devices, garage door openers, two-way radios in aircraft, ships, spacecraft, radar sets and navigational beacons. The termtransmiter is usually limited to equipment that generates radio waves for communication purposes; or radiolocation, such as radar and navigational transmitters. Generators of radio waves for heating or industrial purposes, such as microwave ovens or diathermy equipment, are not usually called transmitters even though they often have similar circuits a set of equipment used to generate and transmit electromagnetic waves carrying messages or signals, especially those of radio or television. The control unit (CU) is @ component of 2 computer's central processing unit (CPU) that directs operation of the processor. It tells the computer's memory, arithmetic/logic unit and input and output devices how to respond to a program's instructions." It directs the operation of the other units by providing timing and control signals. === Most computer resources are managed by the CU.=~ It directs the flow of data between the CPU and the other devices. John von Neumann included the control unit as part of the von Neumann architecture. In modern computer designs, the control unit is typically an internal part of the CPU with its overall role and operation unchanged since its introduction,!===) The Control Unit (CU) is digital circuitry contained within the processor that coordinates the sequence of data movements into, out of, and between a processor's many sub-units. The result of these routed data movements through various digital circuits (sub-units) within the processor produces the manipulated data expected by a software instruction (loaded earlier, likely from memory) #25 In a way, the CU is the "brain within the brain", as it controls (conducts) data flowinside the processor and additionally provides several external control signals to the rest of the computer to further direct data and instructions toffrom processor external destinations (ie memory) tases Examples of devices that require a CU are CPUs and graphics processing units (GPUs).!#== The CU receives external instructions or commands which it converts into a sequence of control signals that the CU applies to the data path to implement a sequence of register-transfer level operations A control unit is circuitry that directs operations within a computer's processor. It lets the computer's logic unit, memory, as well as both input and output devicesknow how to respond to instructions received from a program. Examples of devices that utilize control units include CPUs and GPUs A control unit works by receiving input information that it converts into control signals, which are then sent to the central processor, The computer's processor then tells the attachedhardware what operations carry out. The functions a control unit performs depend on the type of CPU, due to the variance of architecture between different manufacturers, The following diagram illustrates how instructions from a program are processed. controller In computing and especially in computer hardware, a controller is a chip, an expansion card, or a stand-alone device that interfaces with a peripheral device. This may be a link between two parts of a computer (for example a memory controller that manages access to memory for the computer) or a controller on an extemal device that manages the operation of (and connection with) that device The term is sometimes used in the opposite sense to refer to a device by which the user controls the operation of the computer, as in game controller.In desktop computers the controller may be a plug in board, a single integrated circuit on the motherboard, or an external device. In mainframes the controller is usually either a separate device attached to a channel or integrated into the peripheral